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Military power has four dimensions: quantitative - the number of people, weapons, equipment and resources; technological - the effectiveness and degree of perfection of weapons and equipment; organizational - consistency, discipline, training and morale of troops, as well as the effectiveness of command and control; and public - the ability and desire of society to effectively apply military force... In the 1920s, the West was far ahead of the rest in all these dimensions. In subsequent years, the military power of the West declined in comparison with the potential of other civilizations. This decrease resulted in a change in the balance of the quantity [ c .126] military personnel - one of the components, albeit not the most important, of military power. Modernization and economic development generate the necessary resources and the desire of countries to develop their military capabilities, and only a few countries do not. In the 1930s, Japan and the Soviet Union created very powerful armed forces, as they demonstrated during the Second World War. Currently, the West has monopolized the ability to deploy significant conventional military forces anywhere in the world. There is no certainty that the West will be able to maintain this ability. However, it seems highly probable that no non-Western state or group of states will be able to create comparable potential in the coming decades.
Overall, in the post-Cold War years, five major trends dominated the global evolution of military capabilities.
First, the armed forces of the Soviet Union ceased to exist soon after the collapse of the Soviet Union. Apart from Russia, only Ukraine has inherited significant military capabilities. Russian troops were [ c .127] significantly reduced and withdrawn from Central Europe and the Baltics. There is no more Warsaw Pact. The goal of challenging the American Navy was forgotten. Military equipment was either eliminated or abandoned, and as a result out of order. The defense budget has been drastically cut. Demoralization has penetrated the ranks of officers and privates. At the same time, the Russian military was defining new missions and doctrines for itself and rebuilding itself for new goals of protecting Russians and engaging in regional conflicts in the near abroad.
Second, the rapid decline in Russian military capabilities has stimulated a smoother but significant decline in Western military spending, forces, and capabilities. According to the plans of the Bush and Clinton administrations, US defense spending should be reduced by 35% from $ 542.3 billion (in 1994 dollars) in 1990 to $ 222.3 billion in 1998. Power structures by this year will account for two-thirds of what it was at the end of the Cold War. Many major arms transfer programs have been canceled or canceled. Between 1985 and 1995, annual purchases of large weapons fell from 29 to 6 ships, from 943 to 127 aircraft, from 720 to 0 tanks, from 48 to 18 strategic missiles. Since the 1980s, Britain, Germany and, to a lesser extent, France have made similar cuts in defense spending and military capabilities. In the mid-nineties, it was decided to reduce the German armed forces from 370,000 to 340,000 (probably up to 320,000); the French army plans to reduce its forces from 290,000 in 1990 to 225,000 in 1997. The number of British troops dropped from 377,100 in 1985 to 274,800 in 1993. Continental NATO members have also reduced conscription terms and are considering opting out of compulsory military service. [ c .128]
Thirdly, the trends in East Asia were significantly different from those in Russia and the West. Increasing defense spending and building up forces were on the agenda here; China set the tone here. Spurred on by the growth of their economic wealth and the growing power of China, other East Asian countries are modernizing and increasing their military forces. Japan continues to improve its already modern military forces. Taiwan, South Korea, Thailand, Malaysia, Singapore and Indonesia are spending more and more on their military and purchasing aircraft, tanks and ships from Russia, the United States, Britain, France, Germany and other countries. While NATO defense spending declined between 1985 and 1993 by about 10% (from $ 539.6 billion to $ 485.0 billion, in constant 1993 dollars), spending in East Asia increased by 50% over the same period from $ 89.8 billion to $ 134.8 billion
Fourthly, the military potential, taking into account weapons of mass destruction, is increasing throughout the world. As countries develop economically, they increase their weapons production capacity. Between 1960 and 1980, for example, the number of Third World countries producing fighters increased from one to eight, tanks from one to six, helicopters from one to six, and tactical missiles from zero to seven. In the 1990s, there was a marked trend towards the globalization of the defense industry, which is likely to further reduce the military advantage of the West. Many non-Western societies either have nuclear weapons (Russia, China, Israel, India, Pakistan, and probably North Korea) or are actively pursuing nuclear weapons (Iran, Iraq, Libya, and possibly Algeria), or are themselves in such a position that they can quickly get it if necessary (Japan). [ c .129]
Finally, all these processes make regionalization a central trend in military strategy and power in the post-Cold War world. Regionalization is the main reason for the reduction of armaments in Russia and in the West, as well as the increase in the armed forces in other states. Russia no longer possesses global military power, but focuses its strategy and forces on its near abroad. China has reoriented its strategy and power to focus on the local use of force and protecting China's interests in East Asia. European countries are also redirecting their forces with the help of both NATO and the European Union to respond to instability at the borders of Western Europe. The United States has clearly changed its military planning and, instead of containing and waging war against the Soviet Union on a global level, is preparing for action in the Persian Gulf and Northeast Asia, involving the use of local contingents. However, the United States is unlikely to have the military capabilities to achieve these goals. To achieve victory over Iraq, the United States had to send 75% of operational tactical aircraft, 42% of modern battle tanks, 46% of aircraft carriers, 37% of military personnel from the army and 46% of marines to the Persian Gulf. With significant military reductions in the future, the United States will struggle to carry out one or two interventions against regional powers outside the Western Hemisphere. Military security around the world increasingly depends not so much on the global distribution of forces and steps of the superpowers, but on the distribution of forces in each region and the actions of the core states of civilizations.
In general, the West will remain the most powerful civilization in the first decades of the twenty-first century. And then he will occupy leading positions in science, research and development, as well as [ c .130] innovations in the civil and military fields. However, control over other important resources is increasingly diffused among the core states and leading countries of non-Western civilizations. Western control over resources peaked in the 1920s and has since been on an irregular but significant decline. In the 2020s, one hundred years after the peak, the West will most likely control about 24% of the world's territory (instead of 49% during the peak), 10% of the world's population (instead of 48%) and, perhaps, about 15-20% socially. mobilized population, about 30% of the world economic product (during the peak - about 70%), possibly 25% of manufacturing output (at the peak - 84%) and less than 10% of the total number of military personnel (it was 45%).
In 1919, Woodrow Wilson, Lloyd George and Georges Clemenceau effectively ruled the world. Sitting in Paris, they determined which countries would remain and which would not, which new countries would be created, which borders and who would rule them, and how the Middle East and other parts of the world would be divided among the victorious powers. They also made decisions on military intervention in Russia and on the withdrawal of the economic concession from China. A hundred years later, no small group of politicians will be able to wield comparable power; and if any group can compare with them, it will no longer consist of three representatives of the West, but of the leaders of the core countries of seven or eight major civilizations of the world. The heirs of Reagan, Thatcher, Mitterrand and Kohl will face rivals in the form of the successors of Deng Xiaoping, Nakasone, Indira Gandhi, Yeltsin, Khomeini and Suharto. The era of Western domination will come to an end. Meanwhile, the decline of the West and the rise of other centers of power are contributing to the global processes of indigenization and revival of non-Western cultures. [ c .131]
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1
M .: PROMEDIA
<...> <...> <...> <...>
2
Psychological impact as an object of acmeological research
M .: PROMEDIA
In conditions modern Russia, when government and military authorities, research<...> special conditions representatives of the domestic psychological school were actively involved in the military<...> impact The subject of research is the process of psychological impact in the acmeological system "military<...> the very regulation of the personality She studies the person who has reached this stage and level of development, the creative potential<...> psychologists working in it, the level of their professional skills. In the studied system "military
Preview: Psychological Impact as an Object of Acmeological Research.pdf (0.0 Mb)3
ESTIMATION OF LABOR POTENTIAL OF AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISE ABSTRACT DIS. ... CANDIDATE OF ECONOMIC SCIENCES
The aim of the work is to develop a methodological toolkit for assessing the labor potential of an agricultural enterprise (collective farm, state farm), which makes it possible to comprehensively study the nature of its specific formation and use, to reveal existing reserves, to outline effective forms and ways of improving it.
With the emergence of the category "labor potential" the content of the term "labor resources" began to be specified in<...> In the second paragraph "Labor potential of an agricultural enterprise" category of labor potential<...> This principle means rejection of the requirement to bring all structural elements of labor potential<...> At the same time, the possibility of identification, due to the very nature of the category "labor potential",<...> Change of forms of ownership in rural areas and assessment of labor potential // Tee. report All-Union on scientific
Preview: ASSESSMENT OF LABOR POTENTIAL OF AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISE.pdf (0.1 Mb)4
FORECASTING AND RATIONAL USE OF LABOR RESOURCES IN AGRICULTURE ABSTRACT DIS. ... CANDIDATE OF ECONOMIC SCIENCES
Moscow: ALL-RUSSIAN SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF ECONOMY, LABOR AND AGRICULTURAL MANAGEMENT
The aim of the study is to theoretically substantiate and develop practical proposals for improving the use of labor resources in the transition to market relations.
classification of forms of employment and obos. new socio-economic content of the concepts of "labor potential<...> employment, the main directions of demographic policy and the development of scientific and technical potential<...> the essence of such socio-economic categories and concepts as "labor resources" and "labor potential<...> The categories "labor resources" and "labor potential" are interrelated, since the latter characterizes labor<...> industrial and agricultural, Copyright OJSC "Central Design Bureau" BIBKOM "& LLC" Agency Book-Service "19 non-economic potential
Preview: FORECASTING AND RATIONAL USE OF LABOR RESOURCES IN AGRICULTURE.pdf (0,0 Mb)5
The article is devoted to public consciousness, which began to put forward various projects of economic reforms to bring Russia out of the impasse, where it was brought by the previous social system and the Soviet regime.
However, Stalin's "war communism1" had its own peculiarity.<...> in many respects taking the communist dictatorship in Russia as a model, rebuilt its industrial potential<...> although Yavlinsky's ideas are quite contradictory (arguing the need to use the reform potential<...> Hong Kong), where the Japanese information potential is most active.<...> , in these circles, a (albeit timid) realization is ripening that its enormous high-tech potential
6
Pedagogical conditions for the formation of creative abilities of primary schoolchildren
M .: PROMEDIA
pedagogical conditions that ensure that students are aware of the importance of creative performance of an assignment for learning<...> The fundamental ideas were scientific concepts that reveal the general scientific category of "creative potential<...> creativity in the content of primary general education; secondly, the use of scientific and pedagogical potential<...> The purpose of this process is the implementation and awareness of the level of use of creativity, development<...> relationships, assimilation of the features of creativity in labor activity through the implementation of creative potential
Preview: Pedagogical conditions for the formation of creative abilities of primary schoolchildren.pdf (0,3 Mb)7
M .: PROMEDIA
The presented method is of particular importance for researchers working in the field of studying the thermodynamic and physicochemical properties of electrolyte solutions and, in particular, various properties of individual ions in solutions.
<...> <...> In accordance with the concept of real potential, we write down the thermodynamic relationship: P i p i P i<...> aRTTP ln), (, + \u003d oµµ (13) For the chemical potential, equation (13) takes the form: chem i chem i chem i aRTTP<...> Therefore, 0, χµµ Fzi chem i p i + \u003d oo, (16) where χ0 is the surface potential of the standard phase.
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Features of the organization of role-playing games based on television programs when teaching a foreign language at different stages of training
Another group of researchers is exploring the potential of television in extracurricular and extracurricular work, and<...> The third chapter "Television programs and their methodological potential" is devoted to the study of the problem of<...> Thus, an attempt was made to study the pedagogical potential of TV programs, their value for<...> Kostomarov), a number of parameters were identified that made it possible to determine the methodological potential of a particular transmission
9
Education of the physical abilities of children 7-10 years old by means of gymnastics. author. dis. ... Cand. ped. sciences
The aim of the work is to increase the effectiveness of the process of physical education of schoolchildren of 7-10 years of age on the basis of the selection of means and methods adequate to the characteristics of this contingent of children.
Since at this stage of development the basis for further improvement is laid and the potential is formed<...> the proper level of general physical fitness of students; 2) the formation of skills to realize physical potential<...> in various motor situations that provide the general motor experience of students; physical potential<...> by improving their coordination abilities and the formation of skills to qualitatively realize the existing potential<...> indicators) in typical types of manifestation of physical abilities makes it possible to determine the physical potential
Preview: Educating the physical abilities of children 7-10 years old by means of gymnastics..pdf (0.1 Mb)10
PRODUCTIVITY AND YIELD PROPERTIES OF POTATO STUBS UNDER VARIOUS GROWING CONDITIONS ABSTRACT DIS. ... CANDIDATE OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
The purpose and objectives of the research. The research carried out is part of the scientific and technical program 01870015822 "To develop the theory and practice of obtaining programmed harvests of agricultural crops on ordinary and reclaimed land in the central regions of the Non-Black Earth Zone".
indicators of photosynthetic activity of potato plantations are the maximum leaf area, photosynthetic potential<...> the introduction of "fertilizers, calculated for the accumulation of $ 5 ATS, and was close to and to 45 thousand muga, and the photosynthetic potential<...> Every thousand units of photosanthetic potential formed against the background of the mineral .; who feeds from 24.3<...> Highly productive potato planting develops the potential of different 2 £ ^ Q icnuu / ha.dn
Preview: PRODUCTIVITY AND YIELD PROPERTIES OF POTATO STUBS UNDER DIFFERENT GROWING CONDITIONS.pdf (0.0 Mb)11
ABOUT THE INTERACTION OF CHLOROPHYLL WITH WATER ABSTRACT DIS. ... CANDIDATE OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
M .: ORDENA LENIN INSTITUTE OF BIOCHEMISTRY NAMED AFTER A. N. BAKH OF THE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE USSR
The aim of our study was to clarify the nature of the interaction of chlorophyll with water in vitro in connection with the possible role of chlorophyll as an oxidant of water in the process of photosynthesis.
Kutyurin (I965, 1970), the decomposition of water can be a consequence of the conversion of light energy into chemical potential<...> The "current-potential" curves were recorded according to the usual polarization-compensation scheme, which has<...> obtained with a triangular potential sweep mode.<...> When recording the polarization curves of the dependence of the ring current on the potential of the disk electrode at three<...> constant values \u200b\u200bof the potential on the disk (+0.55 V, + 0.85 V, +1.01 V), the equality of the sum of the anode
Preview: ON THE INTERACTION OF CHLOROPHYLL WITH WATER.pdf (0.0 Mb)12
BREED OF SHAMI CATTLE (DAMASSK CATTLE) AND THE WAYS OF ITS IMPROVEMENT IN THE SYRIAN ARAB REPUBLIC ABSTRACT DIS. ... CANDIDATE OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
M .: MOSCOW ORDER OF LENIN AND THE ORDER OF LABOR RED BANNER AGRICULTURAL ACADEMY NAMED AFTER K.A.TIMIRYAZEV
1. Show state of the art shami breeds (Damascus cattle). 2. Study the origin of the breed. 3. To characterize the main biological and economically important traits. 4. Investigate some interior indicators. 5. To outline the main ways of further improvement of the shami breed in the Syrian Arab Republic.
In this case, the actual genetic potential of the breed, which determines the level of milk production<...> According to the level of milk productivity, its genetic potential, the shami breed can be classified as a
Preview: BREED OF SHAMI CATTLE (DAMASSIAN CATTLE) AND THE WAYS OF ITS IMPROVEMENT IN THE SYRIAN ARAB REPUBLIC.pdf (0,0 Mb)13
THEORETICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL BASIS OF REGULATING AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT IN THE CONDITIONS OF TRANSITION TO MARKET RELATIONS (ON THE MATERIALS OF THE RUSSIAN AGRICULTURAL INDUSTRY) ABSTRACT DIS. ... DOCTORS OF ECONOMIC SCIENCES
SPb .: SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF ECONOMY AND ORGANIZATION OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION OF THE NON-BLACK EARTH ZONE OF RUSSIA
The aim of the study is to develop theoretical and methodological foundations for regulating the development of agriculture in the transition to market relations and their practical implementation.
"and" resource potential "; development of theoretical provisions 9 resource potential of the industry,<...> The resource potential indicator is of great importance in solving a number of economic problems<...> In the scientific literature, the concepts of resource and production potential are often confused.<...> The author shares the opinion of Yu.V. Vasilenko that the resource potential characterizes the total assessment of the<...> Gt "G\u003e t. ~" "Snapshot and maximum values \u200b\u200bof arbitrary potential;, ..
Preview: THEORETICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL FOUNDATIONS FOR REGULATING AGRICULTURE DEVELOPMENT IN THE CONDITIONS OF TRANSITION TO MARKET RELATIONS (ON THE MATERIALS OF THE RUSSIAN AGRICULTURAL INDUSTRY) .pdf (0.0 Mb)14
Education is well-established traditional form the existence of society, reflects and expresses its state. With a change in the requirements imposed by society on a person, the educational process should change, including in the direction of pedagogical identification and consideration of the content provided and the organization of the learning process as the basis for personality development in a university. These tasks in the course of the educational process are solved by pedagogical diagnostics
<...> So, it makes sense to single out as the basis of personality development in a university precisely the potential that reflects<...> <...> <...>
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Improvement of the marketing activities of the sanatorium-resort enterprise
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Analysis of the spa potential of the Republic of Tatarstan 2.1.<...>potential, provides a detailed description of the recreational potential and the possibilities of its use in the development<...>potential, tourist and recreational zoning.<...> Phrases in which “potential” is used as a term-forming word (“recreational potential<...> Of the Military Medical Academy V.N. Sirotin, S.P. Fedorov, balneologist-chemist Prof. S. I. Zalessky, laboratory assistant of the Military Medical
Preview: Improving the marketing activities of a sanatorium-resort enterprise.pdf (0.3 Mb)16
Anglo-American Historiography of New Economic Policy in the USSR: Study Guide Study Guide
IN study guide the main problems of the Western, mainly Anglo-American, historiography of the new economic policy in the USSR are considered. Attention is paid to discussions among foreign historians different generations, adhering to different political views, about the chronological framework, the essence of the NEP. its historical significance and relationship with other periods of Russian and Soviet history. The assessment of the NEP in foreign and domestic historiography is compared. The manual was prepared with the involvement of materials from foreign archives, a large number of Sovietological studies, Western historical periodicals, as well as Russian and foreign works on historiography and methodology of history.
However, neither the one nor the other happened, although the crisis led to the replacement of "war communism" with a "new<...> These two tasks were incompatible, causing both the collapse of the policy of "war communism" and in the future<...> When the demonstrations were dispersed, detachments of cadets from military schools were involved, but at the same time, no<...> Carr, rightly pointing out its dual nature: 1) if we consider "war communism"<...>military necessity, deviation from the correct path of building socialism, chosen by Lenin
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Russia was close to communism in the "war communism" and in the 30s.<...> OJSC Central Design Bureau BIBKOM & LLC Agency Book-Service bloody and bloodless, violent and peaceful, military
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FSBEI HPE "ShSPU"
Recommendations include the variably used topics of the lecture course and practical lessons, plans for seminars, a list of key dates and sample questions proposed for preparing for the exam, topics of reports and control works, as well as literature designed to prepare a student for seminars, in-depth independent preparation of material, to complete tests and write reports on key topics of the course. The recommendations are made taking into account the requirements of the state educational standard and contribute to the formation of an erudite and patriotically oriented personality.
Military victories and commanders of the Russian people in the second half of the 18th century. M., 1959. 12. ● Limonov Yu.A.<...> <...> <...> Theory and practice of "war communism". 41.<...> The policy of "war communism". 39. Soviet Russia during the NEP. 40.
Preview: Teaching guidelines for the discipline "National History" .pdf (0.3 Mb)19
Publishing house of the Shuya branch of IvGU
Recommendations include the variably used topics of the lecture course and practical classes, plans for seminars, a list of sample questions proposed for preparation for the exam, questions presented at independent study, materials from the fund of appraisal tools, as well as a list of key dates, abbreviations and abbreviations, recommended textbooks, study guides and reference books. The recommendations were made for full-time students of all areas of training (bak-lavriat), taking into account the requirements of the current educational standards, are aimed at implementing a competency-based approach in educational process, on the use of a point-rating system in assessing students' knowledge and contribute to the formation of an erudite and patriotically oriented personality.
Catherine II and the development of the Russian military fleet // Questions of history. 2005, No. 4. 2. Grebenshchikova S.А.<...> "War Communism": Error or "Soil Test"? // History of the Fatherland: people, ideas, solutions.<...> Khrushchev 74.1955 Creation of the OVD - military bloc of socialist states 75. February 1956 Condemnation<...> Commissar of the Military Commissariat - Military Commissariat of the military-industrial complex - military-industrial complex of the military-revolutionary complex - Military-revolutionary<...> The policy of "war communism" 40. Soviet Russia during the NEP 41.
Preview: Teaching guidelines for the discipline "History (History of Russia)". Pdf (0.3 Mb)20
Berzin, was aloof from purely military affairs.<...> Becomes military commissar of the district and member of the executive committee. Kaledin shot himself.<...> In 1924, the People's Commissariat for Military and maritime affairs established a personal pension for her.<...> Mironov, being a military man, remained a revolutionary.<...> The struggle of the communist party to create military personnel. M., Military Publishing, p. 18).
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# 2 [Legality, 2017]
As you know, in the last decade and a half in Russia, legislation has been actively updated, on some issues - radically, many legal institutions are undergoing significant changes, new ones are being introduced. During this time, many discussion articles have been published on the pages of the journal about the place and role of the prosecutor's office in our society and the state, devoted to judicial reform, the new CPC, the jury, the reform of the investigation in the prosecutor's office, etc. But this has never been to the detriment of materials about the exchange experience and comments of legislation, complex issues of law enforcement practice. Essays on acclaimed prosecutors are also published regularly. The magazine has a well-established team of authors, which includes well-known scientists and law enforcement officials who are sick of the cause from almost all regions of Russia.
the use of this legal instrument is not unconditional, systemic, and in the future there is potential<...> prosecutors and territorial prosecutors with maximum use of potential and opportunities<...> commissions of military prosecutors of military districts, fleets, Strategic Missile Forces<...> , The Moscow city military prosecutor's office and other military prosecutor's offices equated to prosecutors<...> � la (hereinafter - the military prosecutor).
Preview: Legality # 2 2017.pdf (0.1 Mb)22
A documentary chronicle dedicated to the mothers of pre-conscripts
We skip a whole chapter "Senior Seaman Zaitsev (19557-1974), both before conscription and<...> Young Russia is being hammered into the brains of the idea that only military heroism is the only heroism, military courage<...> The case, of course, is unpleasant, but, comrades, you need to understand everything.I am the unit commander, a professional military<...>Military tribunal of military unit 22628 1S October 1975 (more than one and a half years have passed since the murder!<...> did they write a statement to the military tribunal asking them to consider their initial testimony in court as truthful?
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Psychological support of the organization's innovative activity method. directions
IN guidelines a wide range of issues related to psychological support of innovative activities of small and medium-sized businesses are considered. On the basis of the interdisciplinary science of innovation, the psychological aspects of such basic processes as organizational innovation, resistance to innovation, innovative readiness are analyzed: approaches and technologies for preventing resistance to innovations and the formation of innovative readiness at the level of an individual, group and organization are analyzed.
at this point, the concept of "innovation" and related terms "innovation process", "innovation potential<...> But this phenomenon becomes a mass prejudice, weakening innovation potential when real
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To help the trainee: scenarios of mass sports events ucheb.-method. allowance
The teaching aid is a practical guide to the preparation of sports events organized in kindergartens, general education schools, in halls, stadiums and squares. The work presents scenario plans for sports events that can be used by students during the period of teaching practice at school in the 3rd year and professionally-oriented practice in the IVFSD in the 4th year. The work presents samples of the main documents of sports events, the presence of which is necessary when holding sports and cultural events. The data presented in the textbook can be used by students of physical culture institutes, coaches and students of the faculty of advanced training, collectives - organizers of mass sports and artistic performances.
as means aimed at: −−−− humanization of sports, increasing its cultural and educational potential<...> Host: "And now students of the All-Russian State Academy of Physical Culture, specialization sports dances with the composition" Military
Preview: To help the trainee scripts.pdf (0,3 Mb)25
This article is dedicated to the life of Anastasia Prokopyevna Kopylova and the Vampilov family.
<...> »Kalsky military o k r u g Colonel of Justice Ladik.<...> <...> we "" are the focus of intellectual life. "At the place of the new, I remember the old, log, after the military<...> How did they live all the war and post-war years, which turned out to be no sweeter?
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No. 5 [Pedagogical diagnostics, 2016]
Pedagogical diagnostics is a scientific and practical journal. Permanent headings of the journal: History and theory of diagnostics; Technologies and tools; Practice; Training.
Bloom - the so-called "Circle of Bloom", where the results of mastering each level are presented not through<...> Problem situation Pedagogical diagnostics has a certain scientific potential.<...> The concept of personal potential In the work "Age Problems" L.S.<...> The first principle is the development of the creative potential of all participants in the pedagogical process.<...> Acmeological potential of pedagogical diagnostics - development of the professional potential of everyone
Preview: Pedagogical diagnostics №5 2016.pdf (0.1 Mb)27
Essays on the history of book culture in Siberia and the Far East. T. 3. 1917-1930
Publishing house GPNTB SB RAS
The third volume of the collective monograph "Essays on the History of Book Culture in Siberia and the Far East" opens with a series of volumes dedicated to the Soviet era in the history of regional books. The period covered by this volume took only 13 years. But these are years truly equal to the preceding decades. A small segment of history contains the fierce struggle between two social systems, in which the structures of society responsible for publishing, book distribution and librarianship were most closely involved.
base and logistics, organizational and political leadership, human resources<...> Strengthening the bibliological potential of the SPSL SB RAS coincided in time with the indigenous socio-political<...> In Novonikolaevsk, already in the fall of 1918, a significant ideological and propaganda potential of the white<...> Many similar examples can be cited, indicating that the intellectual potential of "red<...> The potential of the regional book culture began to grow at a rapid pace.
Preview: Essays on the history of book culture in Siberia and the Far East. T. 3. 1917–1930.pdf (0.2 Mb)28
No. 12 [Problems of Theory and Practice of Management, 2007]
International Journal "Problems of Management Theory and Practice" is the official publication of the International Research Institute of Management Problems, published since 1983. The magazine covers world experience and current trends in management, economics and marketing. Topics of the journal: economic policy, globalization and integration processes, economic systems, strategic and operational management, management and marketing, social partnership.
Formation of the innovative potential of sanatorium-resort institutions, No. 11, p. 45.<...> Financial condition as an indicator of the economic potential of the organization, No. 9, p. 39.<...> The deepest recession hit the high-tech manufacturing industries and the military-industrial<...> weapons; power engineering, traditional in the Soviet period, the focus of "double" civil and military<...> In Kazakhstan, the potential for public demand for shares has not yet been revealed.
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# 8 [Mathematics (ID September 1), 2015]
HISTORY OF MATH 310 years of Russian wall chart AFTER LESSON / OUR PROJECT Competition “Mathematical potential<...> JSC Central Design Bureau BIBCOM & LLC Agency Book-Service 34 MATHEMATICS October 2015 COMPETITION “MATHEMATICAL POTENTIAL<...> <...> <...>
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Organizational and economic problems of innovative development of the production potential of enterprises of the petrochemical complex monograph
The monograph examines organizational and economic factors and conditions for the innovative development of the production potential of enterprises. The features of production potential in an innovative economy are shown, new methodological approaches to assessing the level of innovative development and innovative sensitivity of production potential are presented, a model of innovative development of the production potential of enterprises in the petrochemical complex and, accordingly, an optimization model for managing this development is proposed. The paper provides recommendations for developing a strategy and choosing a model for innovative development of the production potential of an enterprise.
(development of all components of production potential) models for the development of production potential<...> firms created specialized research departments, the state begins subsidizing the military<...> So, during the Great Patriotic War, a powerful military-industrial complex was created using<...>potential.<...>potential of OJSC Kazanorgsintez level of production potential of OJSC Nefis Cosmetics level
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The development of the cognitive independence of university students in the process of studying a foreign language monograph
The monograph presents the results of studying the problem of developing the cognitive independence of a university student in the process of learning a foreign language.
These components constitute the intellectual potential of personality development.<...>Potential - the presence of a certain "critical mass" of impressions, knowledge, and experience.<...> Through this core potential, access to the integral development of the personality is carried out (A.N.<...> Continuing education and development of the teacher's creative potential: monograph / V.G.<...> The creative potential of a specialist. Acmeological problems of development / N.V.
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No. 9 [Mathematics (ID September 1), 2015]
Yashchenko AFTER LESSON / OUR PROJECT Competition "Mathematical potential". Tour 2.<...> OJSC "CDB" BIBCOM "& LLC" Agency Book-Service "MATHEMATICS November 2015 46 Competition" mathematical potential<...> In September - December 2015, the second round of the "Mathematical Potential" competition takes place.<...> The postal item marked on the envelope "Mathematical potential" should be sent to the address: edition<...> Send an email to the email address: [email protected]by writing “Mathematical potential
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Innovative processes and strategies for the development of modern education Collection of articles of the international youth forum for students, graduate students and young scientists
The collection of articles was published based on the materials of the International Youth Forum of Students, Postgraduates and Young Scientists, which took place on November 17, 2017 in Orenburg
Key words: human resources, education system, teacher.<...> Upon reaching the age of seven, the boy was sent to a specialized military school, where veterans<...> In peacetime, Spartan youth developed their skills and abilities during the focused military<...>Military training of pre-conscription youth taking into account the requirements of the Russian Armed Forces: textbook / Yu.A.<...>Military training of pre-conscription youth taking into account the requirements of the Russian Armed Forces: textbook / Yu.A.
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No.2 [Seeding, 1990]
Social and political journal. Published since November 11, 1945, published by the publishing house of the same name. The magazine's motto is “God is not in power, but in truth” (Alexander Nevsky). The frequency of the journal has changed. Initially it was published as a weekly, for some time it was published twice a week, and from the beginning of 1968 (issue 1128) the magazine became monthly.
It is not known how this increase in the region's radioactive potential will end.<...>potential with our economic capabilities and truly national foreign policy<...>potential and is rather skeptical about the declared defensive doctrine.<...> to speak seriously about the reduction of weapons, then it must be taken into account that its strength and, in particular, offensive potential<...> But if our leadership was ready to bring the level of our military potential closer to the potential
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Some questions of modern bibliology
Publishing house GPNTB SB RAS
The collection consists of articles by post-graduate students of the State Public Scientific Technical Library of the SB RAS. Publication materials include information about various aspects development of the book industry in Siberia and the Far East, illuminate contemporary problems social existence of Russian-language book publications outside of Russia, contain an analysis of the development of regional library science, bibliography and bibliology in the second half of the XX - early XXI century.
to the military reader.<...> The integration of university and academic science made it possible to realize this potential in the production of thematic<...> The unique authorial potential of the Siberian region made it possible to form a new type educational literature, <...> Each collection taken separately will significantly enhance and increase its potential if access opens<...> It can be stated that the school of bibliology beyond the Urals at that time was created with the involvement of the potential
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# 1 [Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine, 2011]
The journal contains the planned work of research institutions in the form of short original messages on topical issues of biology and medicine, containing new significant scientific results. Chief Editor Academician of RAMS V.A.Tutelyan Headings of the journal “Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine”: - Physiology - General pathology and pathological physiology - Biophysics and biochemistry - Pharmacology and toxicology - New drugs - Immunology and microbiology - Allergology - Genetics - Virology - Oncology - Ecology - Nanotechnology - New biomedical technologies - Experimental methods - Clinic - Biogerontology - Primatology - Sports medicine - Experimental biology - Morphology and pathomorphology - Techniques.
This work was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (Grant No. 10 "04" 009 "20" a) and the program “Development of Scientific Potential<...> here military medicine of the Russian Ministry of Defense, St.<...> the state of the cell corresponds to a certain range of such physicochemical parameters as membrane potential<...> the contribution of NMDA-type glutamate receptors to the formation of DPTP, increased calcium intake through the potential
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No. 1 [Environmental safety in the agro-industrial complex. Abstract journal, 1999]
The quarterly abstract journal has been published since 1998. The annual volume is 1000 publications. The publication is a reference manual for scientific worksnicknames and agricultural specialists, as well as librarians and employees of scientific and technical information bodies. The RJ includes scientific, research and production, regulatory and technical information about the most significant articles from serial domestic and foreign publications and thematic collections on the basic principles of environmental safety of the agro-industrial complex, medical and biological assessment of the toxicity of compounds used in agro-industrial complex and entering the agricultural sector. ... products from outside, environmentally friendly technologies in the agro-industrial complex, forms and methods of their promotion.
<...> Experiments in greenhouses with buckwheat seedlings showed that the potential for root colonization was<...> The adaptive potential of cultivated species can be increased through breeding, agricultural technology and design<...> The populations of spores of the VAM fungi and the potential of their colonization of buckwheat seedlings were assessed.<...> The concept of "adaptive potential" (according to A.A. Zhuchenko) is a two-fold ability of an organism (or cenosis
38
Essays on the history of book culture in Siberia and the Far East. T. 1. The end of the 18th - mid-90s of the 19th century
Publishing house GPNTB SB RAS
The publication is the first volume of a collective bibliological research devoted to the development of book culture in the Asian part of Russia from the moment the local book printing appeared here to the present day. For the first time in the history of book science, a holistic picture of the development in the territory of Siberia and the Far East of printing production, publishing, book distribution, librarianship, reading and perception of printed works is being recreated, the role of books in the social, economic and cultural life of the region is revealed. A comprehensive analysis of the development of local book business helps a deeper understanding of the historical and book traditions of the Siberian and Far Eastern peoples.
time of accumulation of material and technical (printing) capabilities and cultural (author's) potential<...> However, both of them testified to the existence of a significant book-cultural potential accumulated<...> peoples, which are hardly grasping in a previously unwritten environment, is rapidly gaining strength, realizing creative potential<...> Officers, military officials also subscribed to the "Military Collection", "Russian Invalid", "Military Medical<...> In the 90s. young Far Eastern cities began to quickly gain cultural potential - Khabarovsk, Blagoveshchensk
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WORLD CULTURE TEACHING
This book is an attempt to cover the maximum possible number of aspects of such a multidimensional process as teaching world art culture. In this monograph, you will find sections of both a purely theoretical plan and a utilitarian nature, an applied focus, directly addressed to the teacher-practitioner.
Development of the cognitive potential of the aesthetic activity of students ……………………………………………………. …………… 2.2<...> Artistic potential is similarly synthesized from four potentials.<...> Not the best student in the class ("3" in mathematics), but her intellectual potential is high.<...> The development of the cognitive activity of future officers in a military university: Abstract of the dissertation of Cand. ped<...> Courage and stoicism of the heroes of the stories "Southern Postal", "Military Pilot", "Night Flight", "The Planet of People"
military libraries and military collections.<...> Medium military libraries - educational institutions (schools, cadet corps, military gymnasiums, military and cadets<...> education of a soldier 202 Biographies of military people 762 Military monographs and memoirs 673 Military journals<...>military libraries // Military. Sat. - 1867. - № 4. - P. 193. 89 Military libraries // Military encyclopedic<...>Military history. Issue 3. Military art. SPb., 1910).
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No. 2 [Proceedings of higher educational institutions. Chemistry and chemical technology, 2009]
An interdisciplinary publication covering the subsections of theoretical chemistry, processes and apparatus of chemical technology. Problems at the junction of physics and chemistry and chemical apparatus construction are considered. The journal publishes reviews, articles, short reports and scientific and methodological problems.
method for calculating the magnitude of the surface potential.<...> Ψ this is the external potential or the potential of the Volta.<...> The PR-8 programmer was used as a potential generator.<...> The current and potential were recorded with a PDA-1 two-coordinate recorder potentiometer.<...>potential for your ability to read between the lines soviet magazines <...> and the military, whose successes are keeping the world at bay today.
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Reader on international humanitarian law.
International humanitarian law is a sub-branch of international law, it is a sub-branch of international law that regulates public relations in the field of human rights protection. As an academic discipline, international humanitarian law refers to the university component of disciplines. In the anthology offered to the reader, the program of the course is given, as well as the main normative legal acts in the field of international humanitarian law are collected. I would like to note that, unlike other anthologies, in this anthology, the texts of the relevant international legal acts are given in full. The author hopes that the anthology offered to the reader will provide substantial assistance in the study of such a rather complex discipline, which includes international humanitarian law. The author believes that this anthology can also be used in the study of such disciplines as international law and international protection of human rights. The author of this anthology expresses gratitude to the developers of the reference legal system Consultant +, the documents of which were used in compiling the anthology
all spheres of life; Copyright OJSC "Central Design Bureau" BIBCOM "& LLC" Agency Book-Service "158 c) to promote the potential<...> at all levels and lifelong learning, while striving: a) towards the full development of human potential<...> disabled people with the opportunity to develop and use their creative, artistic and intellectual potential<...> research on the human genome and prevention of abuse; ii) expand and strengthen the capacity<...>Military tricks are not prohibited.
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Ways of modernization of scientific research and educational activities in the field of culture and art. 3 international scientific and practical conference. Krasnodar, April 5, 2013
The reports on the problems of organizing educational activities in the context of innovative development are presented. The main directions of the development of scientific research in the field of education, culture, art are noted.
MILITARY ACTIONS IN CHINA IN 1900-1905<...> Since 1858, the official organ of the Ministry of War Russian Empire becomes "Military collection<...> As an annex to the "Military Collection" from 1911 to 1916. The Military Historical Collection is published<...>Minister of War General A.N.<...> Kuropatkin, the author of military-historical and military-geographic works, demanded "to publish the collection
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No. 153 [Grani, 1989]
JOURNAL OF LITERATURE, ART, SCIENCE AND PUBLIC THOUGHT. Among the authors of "Fronts" in different years were such writers and poets as A. Akhmatova, L. Borodin, I. Bunin, Z. Gippius, Y. Dombrovsky, B. Zaitsev, N. Lossky, A. Kuprin, V. Soloukhin , M. Tsvetaeva, O. P. Ilyinsky.
In wartime, what is most important? Stay alive, he explained quickly.<...> In front of me stood a stocky, robust man in a military tunic. Are you Messing Wolf Grigorievich?<...> We got there for a long time without end, it was necessary to let the military echelons pass.<...> Medvedev, people's secretary for military affairs V.M.<...> Russia was close to communism in the "war communism" and in the 30s. conflict "and" war "// Military thought. - M., 2011. - №<...> War (specific concept) as a kind of military conflict (generic concept). 481 Code: 2327322 Mironov<...> Sports metaphor as a sublimation of military metaphor (based on political communication) // Izv.<...> The psychological potential of the initiation rite for crises. 567 Code: 2447121 Lisitsyna N.F.
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Russian North. Book 1: Zavolochye (IX-XVI centuries)
The first of five books, united by the title "Russian North" and devoted to the history of our region, the author - Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor VN Bulatov - called "Zavolochye". It tells about the life of the Russian and other peoples of the North in the 9th-16th centuries. "Zavolochye", like the subsequent books of the trilogy, which are being prepared for publication, is of interest not only for specialists, but also for the general reader. The accessible manner of presenting the extensive historical material makes it possible to "recommend the book as a textbook to students, teachers, and high school students.
Most often this happened in times of war danger.<...> In 1477, Ivan III undertook a new military campaign.<...>military equipment, the ruler of the kingdoms of Kazan, Ast rahani ...<...> But it was not only the military confrontation that linked the Novgorodians to Ugra.<...> For its time, it was a huge military endeavor.
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The path to science. Issue 10: Collection of scientific works of graduate students and students of the Faculty of History
The collection contains the results of scientific research of postgraduates and students of the Faculty of History on various problems of national and world history, the history of the Yaroslavl region and local history, cultural history and museology. The articles were prepared on the basis of extensive use of literature, published and archival documentary sources, memoirs and periodicals. The collection can be useful to everyone interested in history, culture, local history and museology. including researchers studying the problems raised in the articles.
Revised by the military tribunal of the Trans-Baikal Military District on February 19, 1957.<...> Stamp: "The Military Tribunal of the Transbaikal Military Regiment No. 116 T." That same year, Major of the KGB<...> Europe's aesthetic and physical potential was exhausted; but the monastic school changed the knight<...> But its potential is far from being revealed, both semantic and terminological.<...> so far, however, only a few republics have been able to use their potential with a certain efficiency
Preview: Facets No. 172 1994.pdf (0.1 Mb)FOREIGN MILITARY REVIEW No. 11/2010, pp. 101-104
application
The current state of the military-political situation in the world, caused by the general crisis of the world community, which is trying, on the existing ideological basis, to work out acceptable ways out of the current situation, as never before sharply raises the question of assessing the state and capabilities (potentials) of countries for further development, which determines their role and place in the emerging multipolar world.
In Western countries, national power is mainly calculated, which is used to designate the entire totality of the material and moral resources of a nation that are important for interests foreign policy country, to expand its influence and presence in the world in order to obtain the result of economic and political benefits. In China, the so-called integrated power of the state (KMG) is assessed, which is defined as the comprehensive development of all its potentials in order to achieve its strategic goals, carried out taking into account international interaction.
When assessing the country's capabilities, various methods and approaches have been and are being used, the specific content of which varies depending on the importance of certain factors, which, in the opinion of foreign and domestic experts, in most affect the objectivity of the values \u200b\u200bof the calculated indicators at the present stage.
The methodological apparatus for assessing the power of the state used abroad is very diverse. Back in the 50s of the last century, Professor of Priston University, director of the center for international studies, adviser to the US government Klaus Knorr defined national power as a concept that included economic opportunities, administrative competition and the country's ability to mobilize militarily.
A complex, non-linear, multivariate coefficient, which reflects attempts to both identify discrete variables and specify their interrelationships, was proposed in 1960 by a professor at the University of Cambridge, Herman Clifford, to assess national power:
N, L, WITH,I, M are indicators that form the power of the state. In the equation 1 the central parameter is the state's nuclear capabilities, reflecting the particular importance of the fact (characteristic of the Cold War period) of possession of nuclear weapons for national power. Nevertheless, the formula is still used in a number of studies, where some of the parameters that make up the industrial basis, for example, coal and oil production, are replaced by the level of energy produced.
In 1963, David Stinger, a professor, consultant to the Department of the Navy, the Ministry of Defense, the US Department of State, introduced a combined indicator of national capabilities, obtained as part of a scientific project aimed at developing new quantitative criteria for assessing effectiveness international activities... The indicator included three sets of parameters to predict national capabilities in the short, medium and long term.
The parameters of the short-term outlook were reflected in military power, including military spending and the number of the armed forces. The medium-term perspective was determined by the level of production activity (production of iron and steel, electricity consumption), and the long-term perspective was determined by demographic factors (population, level of urbanization).
In 1965, professor of physics at Berlin technical university Wilhelm Fuchs introduced a multivariate coefficient that made it possible to derive an indicator of national power based on three subnational variables - population, energy and steel production, reflecting material (quantitative) indicators. At the same time, the accounting of quality indicators was not provided at all.
In 1975 his equation (2) for calculating the "confirmed" national power, which a number of foreign researchers attribute to the first attempt to calculate the complex power of the state, was proposed by the scientist, analyst, CIA officer Ray Kline.
Indicators of population and territory, economic opportunities, military power reflect the influence of objective, that is, quantitative, factors on the power of the state, the coefficient of the national strategy and the will to achieve the goals of the national strategy are subjective, that is, qualitative, factors.
C, E, M,S, W are indicators that form the power of the state. According to Chinese scientists, the main disadvantages of this essentially static formula were the difficulty of taking into account the technological and scientific level of development of the state, the impossibility of predicting changes in national power for the future, as well as the incorrect use of some qualitative indicators.
Nevertheless, the proposed method was further developed in the writings of Ashley Tellis, an assistant secretary of state, an expert at the US National Security Council, and other scientists from the RAND corporation. Actually, the work itself was initiated at the end of the last century. Then the deputy chief of staff ground forces The US intelligence agency has set the task of conducting a study of the impact of changes in the geopolitical situation, social and technical components taking place in the world on the state and formation of the national power of the state.
This formulation of the problem was due to the imperfection of existing methods and approaches. The USSR and Iraq were cited as examples. The first, according to most of the indicators used at that time, had high capabilities, but collapsed as a result of internal problems that arose, the second, which also had quite high level the aggregate indicator of national power, did not pass the test of the war.
These examples made it possible to assume that, in addition to such generally accepted indicators of national power as GDP, the level of annual economic growth and others, more important issues should be considered, for example, the state of the HPE in the world and the region, the country's ability to innovate, the state of the domestic economy, social institutions. , relations in the link between the state and society, the quality of education, the state of science, etc. The authors did not offer any calculation equation or the results of calculating the comparison of international indicators.
Later, the Ray Kline equation was supplemented, and the Japanese scientific school, for example, added the level of possession of natural resources to the coefficient C, which reflected the population and territory. Economic opportunities included not only the gross national product, but also the annual growth, the level of industrial production, the development of agriculture and business. In addition, indicators have been added that reflect the capabilities of both domestic and foreign policy activities. Nevertheless, this approach has been severely criticized by the scientific community. In particular, among the shortcomings, the limitations of the indicators proposed for assessment and even their unscientific nature were noted.
Naturally, the Chinese Academy of Sciences did not stand aside, whose employees, among others, developed a system of eight main factors and 64 indicators. To process the data, the integral quantitative method of Kline was used, which made it possible, after summing up all the indicators, to obtain the value of the complex power of the state and, on its basis, to rank countries.
In addition, there are many other methods and methods of calculation that make it possible to determine the country's potential with varying degrees of accuracy. Nevertheless, almost all the presented formulas show only the dependence of the country's potential on certain indicators, the most significant, in the opinion of their developers, at the current time, that is, they represent some functional dependencies that require special methods calculation.
In addition, none of the approaches gives an exact answer to the question posed, and a comparison of the results obtained using different research methods simply shows a significant nature of the scatter of the estimates obtained.
Indeed, foreign scientists note the ambiguity of the results obtained from the study of the country's potential due to the difficulty of taking into account the whole variety of factors and indicators. In addition, most of the existing methods allow one to assess the power of the state only in comparison with others or as a percentage of the volume of global resources, that is, to obtain not absolute values \u200b\u200bof the calculated values, but only relative ones. But even in this case, the results of such assessments often reflect not the real state of affairs, but the ideologized and politicized position of the interested parties.
Table 1
RESULTS OF CALCULATION OF THE NATIONAL POWER OF THE STATE BY DIFFERENT METHODS (ACCORDING TO FOREIGN SOURCES)
For example, the results of assessing the complex power of states, obtained by the employee of the PLA Academy of Military Sciences, Huang Shofeng, in 1996, show that the Russian Federation in 1990, it occupied only the ninth place in the rating of states, and by the current 2010, he predicted a decrease in the position of the Russian Federation to 15th place, putting even such states as Mexico and Indonesia higher.
A number of questions arise in connection with the views of foreign experts on assessing the contribution of various components of the power of a state to a comprehensive indicator of its capabilities.
On the one hand, the Western world and the United States are seriously concerned about the prospects of depletion of natural resources, issuing an increasing number of specialized analytical documents testifying to this. A striking example of this is the analytical product "Single operational space-2010", in which the Pentagon draws attention to the situation with the shortage of oil and the prospects for its increase by 2030 by 50 percent.
On the other hand, in all foreign methods and approaches, indicators such as the possession of reserves of natural resources and geographical position countries received weights almost 1.5 times lower than diplomatic and 4 times lower than economic opportunities.
Thus, the calculations carried out by both Western and Chinese scientists using existing methods not only show the complexity and ambiguity of the assessment, do not allow obtaining the true values \u200b\u200bof the country's potential, but simply mislead the world community. Moreover, if you try to thoroughly understand the methods used and proposed, you can reveal gross miscalculations and roughly adjusted results, as well as detect an attempt to deliberately distort information.
For example, Ray Kline's formula improved by the Chinese, used to calculate the complex power of the state, is as follows:
table 2
THE RESULTS OF THE ASSESSMENT OF THE INTEGRATED POWER OF STATES BY THE METHOD OF X. CHOFEN
It makes no sense to reveal the content and components of the whole formula. Interest in this case is its part, reflecting quantitative, that is, material, indicators: the value of GDP in billion dollars; population in million people; territory of the country in million km2.
Considering that the result of the assessment is presented in relative dimensionless quantities, and the left side is the result of "digitizing" qualitative indicators using the methods of expert assessments and the theory of fuzzy logic (in this case, providing for the dimensionlessness of the calculated quantities), the product of these three main quantitative indicators gives the dimension billion dollars x million people x million km2, which does not carry any physical meaning and casts doubt on the reliability of the values \u200b\u200bobtained.
It can be assumed that such a dimension is leveled out due to the fourth indicator - X, which determines military power, but in this case it itself should have a dimension of 1 billion dollars x million people x million km2, which, however, is unlikely. How did the Chinese get out of this situation? They simply introduced a new aggregate measure of the state's material power with just such a strange dimension.
That is, there is an attempt to combine the incompatible, compare the incomparable and impose new indicators that do not correspond to any real measure.
Thus, the considered foreign approaches basically provide only an order of rather approximate ranking of states' capabilities and do not allow revealing real changes in indicators and, accordingly, problems in the national power of the country. The assessments are influenced by the subjectivity of the opinions of researchers and the lack of a common scientific approach... In addition, there is evidence in the scientific literature of the fact that the unsatisfactory results of the research customers were simply adjusted. For this purpose, the so-called corrective indicators were deliberately introduced into the calculations.
Table 3
WEIGHT COEFFICIENTS OF QUALITATIVE INDICATORS OF COMPLEX POWER
Because of this, some foreign researchers sometimes refer the process of determining national power more to art than science. But, most likely, this is politics, since the overwhelming task of comparing GDP as a “key” indicator of all foreign methods often has such an order of uncertainty that it allows a difference not by tens of percent, but by several times. Moreover, the following picture is emerging - the leading powers of the world, represented by their best analysts, have long not only "had behind their souls" special politicized developments within the framework of the considered approaches, but also actively, and widely, for more than one decade, have been using them as "nuclear" methods - first of all in the struggle for geopolitical hegemony, both “material” and “ideal”.
Captain 1 rankN. BALAKHONTSEV,
doctor of Military Sciences;
lieutenant colonelA. KONDRATIEV,
candidate of military sciences
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