The story of the "Secret Cabinet Catherine Great" still not told.
Peter Vicher, who now lives in Belgium and is the author of several extremely interesting investigative films, heard this story from his father and held a real detective work. Father told him that during the war, his friends who visited the royal village, showed him very strange photographs of very strange furniture.
He came to Russia and tried to find out what was with furniture from those five rooms. Alas, he did not find out anything. Museum workers flatly refused to speak on this topic and stated that there were no "secret cabinets" in Catherine's second. Then he was still lucky in Gatchina and showed fifteen scattered exhibits from the Hermitage Funds. Tobackerka, a few figurines, shield with erotic medallions. "Of course," one historian who does not work in the Hermitage, which is not working in the Hermitage, is coldly, "Ekaterina, being a man of impeccable taste, would not be limited to such an eclectic set, but you will never know where the other exhibits are located." Ermitage employees talked about paintings, about engravings, about small couriers, but the fact of the existence of furniture was distant.
Nevertheless, it is known that in the thirties, a collection of erotic art belonging to the family of Romanov was a catologized. This collection was shown to selected visitors to the museum, evidence was preserved about this. But there is no directory. He, like the collection, allegedly was destroyed in 1950, when Stalinists purified the memory of the Romanov from the Bolshevik slander. Judging by the stories, a significant part of the exhibits belonged to XVIII centuryBut who are these storytellers? What did they understand in art at all?
Ermitage staff recognize that Catherine designed a certain BUR for the Plato, but they immediately deny that at least something came from this cabinet until the twentieth century.
However, it is not. A story about how Alexander Benoit, who worked in Hermitage, showed St. Petersburg intellectuals officially non-existent rarity - a wax copy of Potemkin's member, and Vasily Rozanov, by the way, damaged it with his sweaty fingers.
Whether it will be possible to find an "erotic office" or he will remain a legend, no one can say confident now. We talked with a different one for several hours in a row in a row in a row, but came to the conclusion that only the case could clarify the situation.
This, alas, the tradition of modern supermuses - to hide and sometimes even destroy artifacts of erotic art. Yes, in the time of the rampant pornography and the patient libertianism, culturerers preserve the traditions of the chandeliness and hypocrisy. And the National Gallery in London, Louvre in Paris, Pinakotek in Munich, Hermitage in St. Petersburg, not to mention Prado in Madrid and Vatican in Rome, in the nearest foreseeable future will be, like two hundred years ago, keep erotic art for seven Swiss Castles, away from the eyes of an immodestly curious public.
Conspiracy is revealed! We died! "With such an exclamation of Knyagin Vorontsova-Dashkov burst into the bedroom of Catherine and froze on the threshold. The Empress washed in Lohanka his lace cuffs.
- The sovereign, what are you doing?!
- You do not see, I'm erased. What surprises you? I was also prepared not to Russian empress, but God forbid, in the wife of some German prince. Therefore, I was taught to wash, and cook ...
The future empress of the enormous Russian Empire Ekaterina Great was born not in the luxurious palace, but in an ordinary German house and received a bourgeois education: she was really taught and removed, and scaring.
Her father, Prince Christian-August was the younger brother of the Splitter German Prince, but because of the constant lack of money was forced to go to the service. And Sophia-August-Frederica Emilina, as called in childhood, Catherine, despite the royal origin, played on the city square along with the children of the Burgers, received from the mother to slaughters for poorly well-studied boilers and respectfully kissed the hem of dresses of the rich citizens, if they went into house.
John-Elizabeth Golstein-Gottorpskaya and Christian August Angultie Czyrrst - Parents of the future empress Catherine Great.
The mother of Catherine, John-Elizabeth was a woman with power and rampant. It was even said that the real father of Catherine was not anyone else, as Frederick himself was great. He also offered the candidacy of the young princess Sophiene to the wife of the Russian Prestroll Leader Peter, when he suffers, that Empress Elizaveta Petrovna is looking for a bride for his nephew, who intends to leave the throne.
So the future of Catherine Great looked when he arrived in Russia, being a simple German princess Sophia by Augusta Frederica. Portrait of Louis Caravaca Brush
So a small German princess with a dirty urban streets hit the Russian Imperial Palace. Having received the name of Catherine in Baptism, the future spouse of the Seelenechar began to study with the best court teachers and fabulously succeeded not only in Russian, but also in the art of Flirt.
Inheriting from the mother, the irrepressible sexual temperament, Catherine lasted its seduction under the Russian yard. Even before the wedding, she was so openly flirting with the court don-Zhuan Andrey Chernyshev, which in order to avoid the rumors of Elizabeth was forced to send a poor graph abroad.
Great Princess Ekaterina Alekseevna at the age of 16 (1745). Picture of the Groot
As soon as Catherine was sixteen, Elizaveta Petrovna hurried to marry a German princess with Peter, giving her clearly to understand that her only duty was to give birth to the heir.
After the wedding and the magnificent ball, the young finally took the marriage chambers. But Catherine woke up, as he lay down - a virgin. Peter remained cold to her both in the wedding night and for many months after. The reasons for such an attitude to the spouse are searched in infantality and dementia Peter, others - in his tragic love.
Peter III with Catherine II
Peter fell in love with Freillan Natalia Lopukhin, whose mother was a personal enemy Elizabeth. Lopukhina-senior was the beloved State-lady Anna John and in every way pleased with the Empress, humiliating the daughter-in-law, Zesarevna Elizabeth.
Preserved historical joke. Balls often satisfied in the house of Lopukhins. Invited there and Elizabeth. One day, Lopukhin bribed the maids Elizabeth and offered them a sample yellow brocade with silver, from which Zesarevna sewed his dress to the ball.
When Elizabeth entered the living room, there was an explosion of laughter. Walls, chairs, chairs and sofas in the room were the most yellow with silver parol. The humiliated Cesarer rushed out of the palace and shouted for a long time in his bedroom.
Natalia Fedorovna Lopukhin. Engraving L. A. Sryakova.
Some authors explain the hostile attitude towards the Lopukhina by Elizabeth Petrovna by successful rivalry in amur affairs. Subsequently, trying to explain the causes of her opals comprehended by her, contemporaries recalled another case:
Once Lopukhin, famous for his beauty, and therefore, who excited the jealousy of the sovereign, decided, on frightly or in the form of Bravada, to appear with a rose in her hair, while the sovereign had the same rose in her hairstyle.
In the midst of the Bala Elizabeth made the guilty of becoming knees, ordered the scissors, cut off the criminal rose along with the strand of the hair, to which she was attached, and by turning the guilty of two good slaughters, continued to dance. When she was told that the unfortunate Lopukhin lost her feelings, she shrugged: " Nishto her dura! "
Empress Elizabeth I Petrovna Romanova
When Peter asked for his reigning aunt, the permit to marry her daughter Lopukhina, Elizabeth decided to take revenge. She accused Lopukhin in state treason, and the court sentenced the unfortunate countess for the death penalty. Elizabeth softened his "great grace". The leopard-elder was shadowed with a shame on the Troitskaya Square, cut her tongue and exiled to Siberia.
After this tragic story with the mother of his beloved Cesarevich Petr clogged by the mind. But Catherine did not seek to like his spouse: she quickly found consolation in the embrace of the Swedish envoy of the Graph of Polenberg. Empress Elizabeth closed his eyes to the relationship of young: she was needed a heir, but Catherine could not get pregnant.
Meanwhile, in bed of eighteen-year-old Zesarean, one favorite replaced the other: Cyril Razumovsky, Stanislav understood, Zakhar Chernyshev (brother explained abroad Andrew), Lev Naryshkin and the Saltykov brothers who knew in love. Their mother, nee Golitsyn, was famous for the entire Petersburg drunkenness and debauchery in the soldiers' barracks - rumored that she had three hundred lover among the Grenadiers of the Empress.
Lion Aleksandrovich Naryshkin is the famous courta balagen and spent of Peter III and Catherine II.
A few years later, the marriage happened to the miracle - Catherine became pregnant. Sergei Saltykov openedly boasted that it was his father of the future heir, and was expelled from St. Petersburg. Later in Sweden, he dismissed the terrible rumors about the breakdown of the Russian Zesarean and assured that she herself was hanging on her neck, prescribed a date, and he, they say, cheated and did not come than forced Ekaterina to suffer from suffering.
Elizaveta Petrovna was so glad to the good news that he gave a pregnant daughter-in-law a hundred thousand rubles and many jewels. The poor German Princess, which was in Russia with three dresses and half-hearth nasal headscarves, began to silence the money of the Russian treasury.
Born baby spoiled Paul and immediately selected from a young mother. However, the son of Ekaterina was not interested and never loved him. It is still unknown who was a real father of Paul - they call Zakha Chernyshev, and Lion Naryshkin, and other loans Tsarevna. Among the guessing are celebrated amazing fact: Paul is extremely similar to his official father, Peter Fedorovich - what the story does not joke ...
Peter III and Paul I
After the death of Elizabeth, Peter III climbed the throne and said that for the depraved behavior, Catherine's coil into the monastery, and he himself marries Elizabeth Vorontsova, his mistress. But by that time, with the help of Favorites, Catherine splaved a huge network around Peter.
Chancellor Panin, Prince Baryatinsky, Lover Ekaterina Grigory Orlov and four of his brothers organized a plot against the emperor. But then someone from the conspirators of Strestil and decided to warn the emperor - Peter did not give him the words of meaning, for which he paid not only by the throne, but also lives.
At the court of Catherine II in Russia, Favoritism became a new post, as at the courtyard Louis Xiv. In France, and bed careers were recognized as people who served the Fatherland and the throne. For their love efforts, they received palaces and considerable financial resources from the Russian treasury.
The bedroom Elizabeth Petrovna by inheritance for a long twenty years passed to her succession Catherine.
But Catherine was a passionate woman and could not live without a man. In her palace was a special room with a huge bed. If necessary, the secret mechanism divided the bed of a bed into two parts - a favorite remained at the hidden half, and at the second Empress, who did not cooled from love merits, took ambassadors and ministers.
Catherine has a weakness to huge, gigantic growth, men with a sensual face. Represented potential lovers to Empress Chancellor Panin and Countess Bruce, which, at the courtyard, called the "tube lady."
Count Nikita Ivanovich Panin
Panin was the permanent lover of Catherine - he was a smart, not demanding, not jealous. It was in the bedroom of the Empress no more than once a week, and in his free time in his harem, consisting of a fortest-out concubine - every day he acquired a new girl, and annoyed crushed to friends or sold.
For Catherine, he chose the tall soldiers who do not differ in mind so as not to create his rivals. Once Panin and Countess Bruce recommended Handsaws Potemkin.
Catherine was embarrassed by the fact that the Lieutenant general is just one eye (the second in the seizure of jealousy once knocked him Grigory Orlov), but the Countess convinced Catherine that Potemkin goes crazy from love to Empress.
Empress Ekaterina II and the Light Prince Grigory Alexandrovich Potemkin-Tavrichesky
After the night, the love of Catherine produced Potemkin to Lieutenant-General, gave him a magnificent palace and a million rubles for its arrangement. So in one night there was bed careers in Catherine.
But the imperial gifts of Potemkin seemed a little - one day he demanded that Catherine would make it a member of the State Council. Catherine was horrified:
- But my friend is impossible!
- Perfectly! Then I'm leaving for the monastery. The role of your content is not suitable for me!
Catherine cried and left behind the table. In the room of Favorites Potemkin did not come. Catherine baked all night, and the next morning Potemkin was appointed senator.
Once Potmkin left for several days on business in St. Petersburg. But the empress could not be left for a long time. Once in the Tsarsko Selo Palace, Catherine woke up at night from the cold. It was winter, and all the firewood in the fireplace burned down. She slept alone - Potemkin was on business in St. Petersburg.
Catherine II in the Tsarskoil Park on a walk. Picture of the artist Vladimir Borovikovsky
Without finding a master's shirma, Catherine entered the corridor, according to which a stiffness was shifted with knitting firewood on his shoulders. From the type of this young Hercules of a huge growth, carrying firewood as a cracker, Catherine captured the Spirit.
- Who are you?
- Court Estimate, Your Majesty!
- Why did I not see you before? Separe a fireplace in my bedroom.
The young man became delighted with such a grace of the Empress and spread a huge fire in the fireplace. But Catherine is unhappy:
- Do you really not understand how to warm the empress?
And the plot finally understood. And the next morning he received an order about the suggestion of his hereditary nobility, ten thousand peasants, the command never return to St. Petersburg and change the surname to heat - in memory of how he warmed the empress.
In old age, Ekaterina reached full debauchery. He was not enough for hefty men - and she turned her passion for a young gypsy gypsy donated to her.
Countess Natalya Aleksandrovna Zudova (nee Suvorov) - the only daughter feldmarshal Suvorov who gently called her "Sweller".
In court, rumors went as an empress turned with his maids and young peasants. At the final examination in the Smolny Institute, Empress drew attention to a beautiful graduate, which turned out to be a daughter of Suvorov.
- Give your daughter to me in favorite.
Heard about the adventures of the Empress, Suvorov replied:
- Mother, die for you - die, and I will not give your booms!
The angry empress sent an old man with her daughter in their estate, forbid to appear at the courtyard - which was needed by Suvorov.
In the absence of Potemkin, Catherine had many lovers: the Ambassador of the Bezborodko and his secretaries of Zavadovsky and Mamonov, the nephew of the midwife Zorich, officers Guard of Corsaqs and Tails, finally, the provincial Yunets Alexander Lanskaya.
Twenty-year-old Lansky accidentally saw Potemkin and presented to the Empress. A young man possessed an angelic appearance: Filled bears huge blue eyes, blond curls, light blush on cheeks and coral lips. He would like a girl if not a huge height and wide shoulders.
Alexander Dmitrievich Lanskaya. Portrait of the brush D. G. Levitsky (1782).
The attention of Catherine he accepted as a mother's care, besides, he was too faithful to his state to refuse to refuse to Empress. The positions of the imperial superrite, he was ashamed, but over time, it was attached to Ekaterina with all his heart. The Empress touched such reading the love of an innocent young man, who did not know the women at all.
Her aging heart was jealous of Sasha so much that Catherine was locked by a lover in several rooms, surrounding the unheard of luxury. The Empress has awarded the Lansky county title, huge lands, tens of thousands of peasants. But the in love with the young man did not need the ranks and wealth - probably, he was the only favorite favorite to the Empress as a woman. And the Empress stated Potemkin:
- My soul, I'm going to marry Lansky.
- What did he deserve such an honor?
- He never changed me.
Potemkin lowered his eyes. He himself checked Catherine almost every day with different women.
A month later, Lanskie run down in bed. And not one court doctor could not put an accurate diagnosis. Catherine knew that her beloved was poisoned on behalf of Potemkin. Catherine wrote to her friend:
"I, sobbing, I have a misfortune to tell you that General Lansky has not become ... and my room that I loved before, turned into a blank cave now."
Virgilius Erixen. Catherine II in Touré.
After the death of the beloved Empress went through the palace as the shadow. She abandoned all state affairs and did not accept anyone. It was so not like her ... Apparently, the love she did not know in his youth, she climbed her in old age.
The only topic for which the conversation of the Empress was supported, was about Alexander Lansky, the only place she attended is his grave. She spent on the grave of Lansky in longing and tears many hours. Potemkin was in rabies. He jealous - and to whom, to the dead man? In the attacks of anger, Potemkin circled, like Korean, among the Guards officers. Finally, he chose at Alexander Yermolov, made him his adjutant and sent to Catherine.
His calculation was justified: Yermolov took the room of the favorite, which was empty almost half a year. Still, Catherine was a woman, and the thrust loving overpowered in her the sorrow of the loss. Noticing that one of the Freulin would retire with Yeromlov, Catherine ordered the soldiers to carve an aristocrat to blood in the presence of the rest of the eleven Freinin - so as not to be awesome.
Alexander Petrovich Yermolov, Favorit Catherine II, Lieutenar General, Camger.
High and slim blonde, with a good color of the face, Yermolov paid attention to his beautiful outfice, and only wide, flat nose, for which Potemkin nickned him " lE Negre Blanc."I spoiled his face.
Yermolov was too stupid, brazen and narcissist, and he also loved to play and flew often from the empress in playing houses and to prostitutes.
Potetkin himself, disappointed in Yermolov, successfully arranged his rapid fall. The Empress willingly get rid of the boring favorite, offering him on June 29, 1786 to go abroad on a journey. Not possessing the greed of other pets, Ermolov received a relatively little: 4 thousand shower and about 400 thousand money; He also did not care about the enrichment of all his relatives, as others did.
His place soon took another Adjutant Potemkin - Alexander Mamonov.
Graph Alexander Matveyevich Dmitriev-Mamonov (1788)
"Conduct Sasha" - so called Mamonov Empress. But Sasha became increasingly disappearing somewhere. He was not both the ill-fated night, when Tired Catherine returned from the Council's meeting. She waited for his midnight, but met playfully:
- Where are you, the gracious sovereign, was missing?
- Mother-sovereign ... - His tone and facial expression did not foretell anything good. "You have always been kind to me, and I am frank with you." I can't more than carry my responsibilities from your majesty.
Catherine's face has changed:
- What's wrong, you did not want to joke?
- No, Your Majesty. I loved the other and ask your gracious permission to marry her. Her name is Princess Shcherbatova.
What can answer an aging, who lost the former attractiveness woman, when a young lover says that he loved another, good and young?
- I let you marry. Moreover, I will arrange your wedding herself.
"... Before the evening, Her Majesty herself knew the collapse of the graph A. M. Mamonov with Prince Shcherbatov; They standing on his knees, asked for forgiveness and forgive" The fiance was granted a 2250 shower of peasants and 100,000 rubles and ordered the other day after the wedding to leave St. Petersburg.
Settling in Moscow, Dmitriev-Mamonov was pleased with his fate first, but in a year he decides to remind himself Catherine, he writes muddy letters to her, asks her to return his former favor, allow to come to St. Petersburg. The answer of the Empress soon convinced him that his hopes were in vain.
The legend that Catherine from Jealousy sent to Shcherbatoy disguised in the female attachment dress, which severely carved it in the presence of a husband, does not correspond to reality.
The bright prince Plato Alexandrovich teeth - the last favorite of Catherine II.
Meanwhile, a new and last favorite reigned at the palace - since 1789, a dizzying career of 22-year-old second-Rothmistra Platon Zubov begins. He was inherited from his brother, Valerian Zudov, the ex-lover of the Empress for a long time.
June 21, 1789, with the mediation of Statt-Ladies Anna Nikitichna Naryshkina, Spouses Ober-Schenka Alexander Alexandrovich Naryshkin, teeth, " through the top spent", Awarded special admission In the Empress, and since then every evening spent with her.
Three days later, June 24, the teeth received 10 thousand rubles and a ring with a portrait of the Empress, and in ten days, July 4, 1789, was produced in the colonel, granted to the outbreak of her imperial Majesty and settled in the palace, in the fuel Adjutant rest, who used to occupy Count Dmitriev-Mamonov.
The surroundings hated him, but the Empress shoved by the alms of his last favorite: on October 3, 1789, the teeth received a appointment of the Cavalgard Corps with production to the Majory General, on February 3, 1790, he was granted the Order of St. Anne, in July 1790 - Prussian Order of Black and Red Orlov and Polish White Eagle and St. Stanislav, September 8, 1790 - the Order of St. Alexander Nevsky, on March 12, 1792, was produced in Lieutenar General and was appointed to its Imperial Majesty General Adjutant.
Plato Alexandrovich teeth - a bright prince of the Roman Empire, the Chief of the First Cadet Corps, Ekaterinoslavsky, Voznesensky and the Tauride Governor-General.
Diploma of the Roman Emperor Franz II, dated January 27 (February 7), 1793, senator, secret adviser Alexander Nikolaevich teeth and his sons, General Adjutant, General-Lieutenant Platon, Major General Nikolay, Camera Junker Dmitry and Major General Valerian Alexandrovichi, built, with their descendants descending, in the graph of the Roman Empire dignity. The adoption of the title and use in Russia in Russia was followed by the highest perception.
Platon of teeth was arrogant, arrived and loved only one thing in the world - money. Having received unlimited power, he mocked Zesarevich Pavlom, completely confident that the throne would not get. Potemkin conceived was to kill a new favorite, but did not have time - died.
"Prince G.A.Potemkin-Tavrichesky. With a rare engraving of the stewards.
The war with the Turks undermined the health of Potemkin, he picked up with malaria in the Crimea. Catherine shook him again with ordinary orders and signs, but first of all the money, which, however, he never had in prosperity, because he generously distributed them.
When the war was over, he once again visited Petersburg. Before the referee, he fell ill. He fainted, chuckled. Suddenly, he decided that he would certainly visit Nikolaev - he himself founded this city and loved him very much; He believed that the Lesnoy Air will heal it. October 4, he tried on the road.
Before leaving, he, no matter how hard it was, wrote news Catherine: "My favorite, my almighty Empress. I have no strength to withstand my suffering. Almost the salvation remains: leave this city, and I gave an order to deliver me to Nikolaev. I do not know what will happen to me. " October 5, 1791, on the second day of the road, Grigory Alexandrovich Potemkin died. He was 52 years old.
"The end of the prince G.A.Potemkin-Tavrichesky. From Engravings of the Aging
The Empress rided himself for a long time and looked around, made a magnificent funeral with a former favorite and commanded two monuments to establish him. During the reign of Catherine from the Russian treasury, Palaces and jewels on nine million rubles and forty thousands of peasants switched from the Russian treasury.
After the death of Potemkin, in which Platon Alexandrovich teeth did not play, however, a prominent role in state affairsThe value of the zuba is increasing every day. Many of those positions are transferred to him who have previously occupied Potemkin.
On July 23, 1793, he was awarded the portrait of the Empress and the Order of St. Andrew First-Called, on July 25, 1793, he was appointed Ekaterinoslavsky and the Tauridian Governor-General, on October 19, 1793 - General-Feldschmeister and Operator's fortifications, October 21, 1793 - Chef of the Cavalgard Corps, On January 1, 1795, he was granted the Order of St. Vladimir I degree.
Portrait of Prince Plato Alexandrovich Zudov. Lamp Senior I.B. 1790s.
All cases peered three of his secretaries: altesty, mushroom and ribas. The count of the teeth, on August 18, 1795, receives a huge estate in the non-confined Polish regions - Shavel economy in 13669 shower of fortress peasants with income of 100 thousand rubles. And soon, after the annexation of the Kurlyandsky Duchy, the Duccian Palace Ruintal (Rundale Palace), built Rastrelli, was granted tooth.
By the end of the reign of Empress Catherine II, the bright prince Platon Alexandrovich teeth became the carrier of the next loud title:
« feldshmester General, Over Fittings, General Director, over the fleet of the Black Sea, Voznesenskaya Light Connection and Black Sea cossack army The main adjustment, its Imperial Majesty General-Adjutant, Cavalgard Corps of the Chef, Ekaterinoslavsky, Voznesensky and Tauric Governor General, State Military College Member, Imperial Educational House Honorary Charity, Imperial Academy of Arts Honorary Amateur and Organs of Russian St. Apostle Andrei, St. Alexander Nevsky , Sv. Equal to the Apostles Prince Vladimir I degree, Royal Prussic Black and Red Eagle, Polish White Eagle and St. Stanislav and Grand-Magland Holsteinsky St. Anne Cavalier».
This last favorite Catherine II was a member of the murder of Emperor Paul I.
Catherine II. Artist Fedor Stepanovich Rockots.
On November 16, 1796, as usual, Catherine, getting out of bed and drinking coffee, went to the toilet room, and despite the usual one was detained there.
The duty chamelner of the Empress Zakhar Zotov, having rewicked the unkind, quietly opened the door of the toilet room and saw the body of Catherine prostrated on the floor with horror. Her eyes were closed, the complexion of the crimson, the throat came from the throat. The empress was moved to the fence. With the fall of Catherine launched his leg, her body was so rejuvenated that six people had a room for her strength to raise it on the bed. Therefore, on the floor, the Red Safianny Mattress was laid and put a dying empress on him.
In the Empress, hemorrhage in the brain, on the terminology of the XVIII century - "apoplexic strike" was happening. According to the Camera Fur Sectional Journal - this kind of chronicle of the life of Her Majesty, - " suffering continued continuously, the rehabilitation of the womb, hoards, at the time the eruption from the larynx of dark sputum».
Despite the fact that Catherine did not come into consciousness, the Camera Furiere magazine reports that the Empress was confessed by the confessor, the Holy Taine was introduced and was cooled with Metropolitan Gabriel. True, it remains incomprehensible as it can confess and will take the person lying unconscious ...
Meanwhile, the doctors continued to be koving over the immibration that used to be Empress Catherine - her body: they applied the Skansky kneughters to the legs, pumped plow powders into their mouths, let out "bad blood" from hand. But everything was in vain: the face of the Empress was bugger, he was pissed by a pink blush, her chest and stomach were increful and descended, and the court lacques wipe the spectrum of mouth, the hands, then his legs corrected her.
Doctors predicted that death will come in 3 hours of the next day, and indeed, at this time the Ekaterina's pulse is noticeably weakened. But her strong organism continued to resist the impending death and retressed until 9 o'clock in the evening, when Life Medica Rogerson announced that the Empress ends, and the Happy Paul, his wife, the older children, the most influential dignitaries and room servants were lined up on both sides of the Safyanova Mattress.
At 9:55 minutes, the Great Catherine sighed for the last time and, alongside, the Most High appeared to the Most High. For everyone we will be there: and those who have titles occupy a whole paragraph, and those who do not have anyone ...
Catherine combined high intelligence, education, state wisdom and commitment to "free love". She is known for its connections with numerous lovers, the number of which (according to the list of authoritative Ekaterinovd P. I. Bartenheva) reaches 23.
Catherine's love connections are marked by a series of scandals. Thus, Grigory Orlov, being her favorite, at the same time (according to the testimony of M. M. Shcherbatov) coited with all its Freillins and even with his cousin 13-year-old sister.
The favorite of the Empress Lanskaya used the exciting means to increase the "male force" (consorteda) in ever-increasing doses, which, apparently, to conclude a court doctor Waita, and was the cause of his unexpected death at a young age. Her last favorite, Plato Zuben, was a little more than 20 years, while the age of Catherine at that time had already exceeded 60.
Historians mention a lot of other scandalous details ("bribe" in 100 thousand rubles, which paid the Preamkin to the future favorites of the Empress, many of which were his adjutants, the testing of their "male strength" with its Freillians, etc.
The perplexity of contemporaries, including foreign diplomats, caused enthusiastic reviews and characteristics, which gave Catherine with their young favorites, mostly devoid of any outstanding talents. As N. I. Pavlenko writes, " neither Catherine, nor after her, the breakdown did not achieve such broad scale and was not manifested in such a frankly defiant form. "
It is worth noting that in Europe "debauchery" Catherine was not so rare phenomenon against the background of the general promotion of the morals of the XVIII century. Most of the kings (except, perhaps Friedrich the Great, Louis XVI and Karl XII) had numerous mistresses. However, this does not apply to the reign of queens and empress.
Louis XVI.
So, the Austrian Empress Maria Teresia wrote about " disconnection and horror"They instill such persons like Catherine II, and this attitude to the latter shared her daughter Maria-Antoinetta.
As K. Valishevsky wrote in this regard, comparing Catherine II with Louis XV, " the difference in the floors to the conclusion of the centuries, we think, will give a deeply unequal character with the same actions, depending on that whether they were made by a man or a woman ... In addition, Louis XV lovers have never affected the fate of France».
There are numerous examples of how the exceptional influence (both negative and positive) were provided by the Favorites of Catherine (Orlov, Potemkin, Platon of Teeth, etc.) on the destiny of the country, starting from June 28, 1762 and up to the death of the empress, as well as on her inner foreign Policy And even for hostilities.
As N. I. Pavlenko writes, in favor of Favorita Gregory Potemkin, who envied the glory of Field Marshal Rumyantsev, this outstanding commander and hero russian-Turkish wars Catherine was removed from the command of the army and was forced to remove into his estate.
The other, very mediocible commander, Musin-Pushkin, on the contrary, continued to lead the army, despite his missions in the military campaigns (for which the Empress itself called him, "the Bulgarian") - due to the fact that he was "favorite on June 28," one of Those who help Catherine capture the throne.
In addition, the Institute of Favoritism negatively acted on the Mrava of the Supreme Nobility, which was looking for benefits through a new favorite, tried to hold in lovers to the Soviet "of his man", etc. Sovremennik M. M. Shcherbatov wrote that Favoritism and the breakdown of Catherine II contributed to the fall of the morals of the nobility of the era, and the historians agree with this.
Intimate life Catherine Great has long become a subject of discussion and disputes. This section lists officially confirmed and alleged men, some of which had the official status of the favorite, others were listed only by lovers (which did not prevent them from them, however, to receive generous gifts and titles from the Empress).
Confirmed and official relations
Romanov Peter III Fedorovich
Status: husband
Start of relationship: Official wedding September 1, 1745
End of a relationship: Died with unexplained circumstances July 9, 1762
Extra. information: Children of Peter III - Paul and Anna, allegedly were children of two lovers of Catherine II. Pavel Petrovich, according to the most popular theory, is the son of Sergey Saltykova, Anna Petrovna - the daughter of Stanislav Constable, who later became polish king. The Empress accused her husband in the absence of a normal intimate life and justified his novels with a lack of interest in his person.
Saltykov Sergey Vasilyevich
Status: Lover
Start of relationship: Spring 1752 years
End of a relationship: October 1754 - Already a few months before the birth of Paul I, he stopped wringing to Empress, after birth - sent an ambassador to Sweden.
Extra. information: According to one of the versions, it is a real father of Paul I. Catherine II Bestuzhev was recommended, during the final disappointment by Empress Elizabeth in Peter III.
Stanislav Augusta understood
Status: Lover
Start of relationship: 1756, arrived in Russia as part of the Site of the English ambassador
End of a relationship: When in 1758 Bestuzhev, as a result of unsuccessful intrigue, got into opal - understood, was forced to leave the Russian Empire
Extra. information: The likely father of Anna Petrovna, which indirectly confirmed Peter III himself. Subsequently, due to the protection of Catherine Great, became the Polish king and contributed to the section of the Commonwealth.
Orlov Grigory Grigorievich
Status: Lover to 1762, 1762-1772 - Official Favorite
Start of relationship: 1760 year
End of a relationship: In 1772, he went to negotiations with the Ottoman Empire, during this period Catherine II lost interest in relations and drew attention to Alexander Vasilchakova.
Extra. information: One of the longest novels of the Empress. In 1762, Catherine, Ekaterina even planned a wedding with Orlov, but the surroundings considered such a venture too adventurous and could dissuade her. From Orlov Empress in 1762 gave birth to an extramarital son - Alexey Grigorievich Bobrinsky. He took direct participation in the coup of 1762. One of the most intimate people of the empress.
Vasilchakov Alexander Semenovich
Status: Official Favorit
Start of relationship: In 1772, the attention of Catherine II, while Count Orlov was absent.
End of a relationship: After the start of the relationship of the Empress with Potemkin in 1774, he was sent to Moscow.
Extra. information: He was younger than Catherine for 17 years, could not be a serious opponent to Potemkin in the fight for attention.
Potemkin-Tavrichesky Grigory Aleksandrovich
Status: Official Favorit
Start of relationship: In 1774.
End of a relationship: During his vacation in 1776, the Empress transferred his attention to Zavadovsky.
Extra. information: One of the brightest attirers of the intimate life of Catherine II was secretly married on it since 1775. An outstanding commander and statesman who has an impact on it even after the end of the proximity. Presumably his daughter, Tomkin Elizabeth Grigorievna, was born Catherine.
Zavadovsky Petr Vasilyevich
Status: Official Favorit
Start of relationship: In 1776.
End of a relationship: In May 1777, he was shifted by the Potemkin intrigues and sent on vacation.
Extra. information: A capable administrative figure that loved the empress too much. Only Zavadovsky Catherine allowed to continue the political career, after the end of the relationship.
Zorich Semen Gavrilovich
Status: Official Favorit
Start of relationship: In 1777, Potemkin appeared as Adutanta, and then became the commander of the personal guard of the empress.
End of a relationship: Released from St. Petersburg in 1778 after a quarrel with Potemkin
Extra. information: Hussar who has no formation, but who enjoys Catherine, who was over him for 14 years.
Rimsky-Korsakov Ivan Nikolaevich
Status: Official Favorit
Start of relationship: In 1778, he was selected by Potemkin, looking for a more convicted and less gifted by the abilities of the Favorite.
End of a relationship: In 1779, the Empress was tried in relations with the Countess Bruce and lost Favor.
Extra. information: Was younger than Catherine for 25 years. After the Countess Bruce faded Stroganova and sent from St. Petersburg to Moscow.
Lanskaya Alexander Dmitrievich
Status: Official Favorit
Start of relationship: In the spring of 1780, attention was paid to the recommendation of Potemkin.
End of a relationship: In 1784 he died in a fever. Different versions involve poisoning or abuse of aphrodisiac.
Extra. information: did not intervene in political intrigue, preferring to pay time to study languages \u200b\u200band philosophy. A close intimate connection with the empress is confirmed by the descriptions of its "broken feelings" in connection with the death of Lansky.
German starter helped Catherine and in love affairs
Of course, in the era of corsets and lush fijm to hide an unwanted pregnancy was somewhat easier than now. Therefore, the piquant position, called at that time "on demolitions", remained for most curious approximate unnoticed. But how to be with childbirth? The Russian Empress did not stick to leave the palace without the knowledge of her husband, and to pull the fact of childbearing from the Emperor Peter III living in the same Palace - it is not possible at all. To the rescue of Catherine, the second comes the faithful Vasily Schurin: when the contractions begin, he simply settles his house.
Long virginity 
For a fire in the house of a significant court face, the emperor should have come on the etiquette, besides, he is a big hunter to the spectacle of this kind. In short, while the spouse glanced on the fuss of firefighters and flames of flames in the night, her imperial majesty was safely on the light of the child, the future of Count Bobrinsky, whom he saw only once in his life. On the meetings of the side son of the queen with his real father, Gregory Orlov, the favorite and the handsome guardsman, the historian stories do not know much.
Ekaterina II itself argued that if she was originally lucky with her husband, she would be true for him: "If the Grand Duke wanted to be loved, then it's not difficult for me to be at all, - I was inclined from nature and was increasing " But the sixteen-year-old German princesses went to the legal spouses of the young man who adores drinking, noisily, then brighten and squander, and most of all in the world playing soldiers. Newlywedhew spent not one night, standing in the door with the door with a gun, as a clock - in this post, it periodically replaced inspired by unusual (that's for sure!) A fun husband. In addition, the young Peter Fedorovich was clearly not lucky from a physiological point of view: he was simply not able to enter into the carnal relationship - and only the operation of an intimate kind of inclination could be saved.
Up to 23 years old, Catherine remained a virgin in general, and it is unknown that it would be further if the then Empress Elizabeth was intervened, concerned about the long lack of heir to the young couple. Surgical intervention in the physiology of the Grand Prince made it with its approval - and Peter Fedorovich could know the sweetness of the marriage relationship. Could, but not very, apparently, wanted. Its healthy and temperamental wife was thus simply doomed to the Ajulter.
Who is the Father?
Therefore, a spicy question is - who was still the natural father of Emperor Paul I, and remains open. Its external similarity with the official parent of Peter III is obvious, and meanwhile, Ekaterina itself admits that the child gave birth to a child from his then lover of Count Sergey Saltykov. Intimate memoirs of the Empress for a long time were one of the most protected palace secrets, but at the beginning of the twentieth century were published. Of course, Catherine did everything so that in the memory of his spouse, her spouse remained only stupid, ignorant and worthless. A woman can forgive a man rudeness, addiction to guilt, stupidity and complete lack of mind, finally, but not the lack of interest in it itself. In this sense, the crowned features are not different from the courtisy or bracker. The revenge of the former German princess did not make himself wait for a long time - after the death of Elizabeth, Spouse Peter and Catherine were crowned at the kingdom, and the wife began to intrigue against her husband so actively, that would not avail her links, be the emperor at least a little more freed. But he has "then Gulba, then a pallet", and Catherine has a long service in churches, obvious piety, kindness and respectful entry - its authority at the court and the people of grew.
She revenged for dislike with royal scope - first captured the throne, having committed a palace coup with the support of His lover Grigory Orlov and his guards brothers. And then Petra III rejected from the crown and the end came at all - one of the drunk brothers Orlich nailed the arrested former emperor in a fight. Catherine will love the killer and punish him a reference to Moscow estates. But in the history of her personal life it will be the first and last case of candid revenge. The rest of the men who delivered a bed with her got only the estates, titles and wealth - even in cases where the windy lover changed the royal favor for a new, less high-ranking passion.
Orlov
Why is her personal life for so many centuries causes close interest? After all, her progress in the role of self-containers is much more significant. An outstanding personality and the far-sighted Empress made as much as anyone from those who ever adolen to their presence of our fatherland had failed. With its board, the population of Russia has doubled, and incomes are more than four times. New cities have arose and thoughtful, effective legislative acts have come into force. Almost halved the army and three times the number of ships of the Russian fleet. The brilliant victories of Russian commander on land and admirals on the water led to the fact that the international authority of the country rose like never before. And all this under the guidance of a woman, the Germans by origin, which was so wise that, having reached the desired throne, put the benefit of his second homeland above all over the world.
Meanwhile, legends about her sensuality are all imaginable and inconceivable fantasies. Did it really be created with her courtyards, the performers who only selflessly taught autocratic feet or skillfully patted the highest buttocks? Well, if the queen found these sensations pleasant, then why not?
And she fell in love with selflessly and devoted. Her novel with Gregory Orlov lasted 11 years old - under the roof of the Imperial Palace, in the era of more than free morals of the XVIII century, found a large bright feeling. She refused to favorite only once, when he wanted to be combined with the Empress of Marriage. Outstanding eagles at some point demonstratively began to arrange a harem from his fans in the receptionist Ekaterina. The Empress showed the highest female wisdom and did not notice the rudents. Well, the smaller the audience, how is known, in short, the performance.
Potemkin 
Another long and no less stormy romance captured to his cycle to the Empress when she was 43. Her chosen was Grigory Alexandrovich Potemkin - the son of Smolensk nobleman. Swallowing in loyalty to the public in the coffin of life, he went to the monastery and left his walls only in exchange for a promise to become the official favorite of Catherine. He was not afraid of himself, calculating and always remembered the distance separating him and the crowned beloved. Potemkin became an indispensable adviser, moreover, sincerely steadfasts for the political and economic successes of the politician of the Motherman-Mother. Endowed with their merits with huge powers and no less impressive wealth, he managed to give way to the royal bed with a kingdom to young successors without a fight. At the same time, she showed such a sekalka, which became the most advanced advisor of Catherine in the affairs of a delicate kind.
Mentality, as is known, determines a lot, even if it did not exist in that distant era as a lexical concept. The German origin of the self-causing was the cause of such a "reached Ordnung" in her personal life, which could be envied by the compilers of the court labels with the most brilliant yards of Europe. The queen was not ascetic in nature, and did not strive for this - it was easier for her to streamline a love relationship than to give up. All that was amenable to systematization (especially the initial stage, the first steps when the candidate entry into the post of Favorite) was once and for all are clearly regulated.
A lucky man who visited Empress first went to inspecting her personal doctor - he confirmed that the potential favorite was not healthy and there were no signs of diseases of the famous kind. After the first important step, the second was to check the male qualities and endurance of the candidate: sometimes for three days, the delete was tested. For this purpose, the Empress had a special confidence-carrying Freillus - low-attractive (why to introduce into the dangerous temptation of a young man?), But at the same time a devotee. And when in the suitability of the chosen one, he was doubtful, he was united to special apartments in the palace, right above the shakers of the Empress. From now on, His and royal special feature was connected to the secret screw staircase, passionate nights and "real signs of lovely relations": a uniform with a diamond agraf, lifting or starting payout of 100 thousand rubles, full provision and honorary post of the Flygel Adjutant.
Easy failure
In such a year for 13 years, about 16 favorites changed at a high combat post - the system worked fine. However, sometimes strict and thought out in the details German order was violated by unpredictable bursts inherent in the Russian soul. For example, one of the outgun-adjutants, Mr. Roman-Korsakov, neglected the royal favor and returned to one day in the arms of Mrs. Bruce, which at the second stage the most responsible way was experiencing his male endurance. Apparently, the charm of this exam could not displace the favorite from the memory of any money nor the diamond agraf. By virtue of his character and feelings of their own dignity, Catherine did not return the windmaking, but immediately replaced the attractive young Freilline on a particular more older and less attractive.
Care on government management, of course, were for the autocrat in the first place. It is not by chance that the day of the vengeous person was clearly melted. Lifting at six in the morning, the steady coffee with cream and work with papers up to nine. Then accept speakers. Lunch near the hour of day - without special delights, if it was not about the reception of guests. Boiled beef with salty cucumbers Yes Berry Morse - these simple dishes satisfied the tastes of the Empress. In an older age, she could add Maders or Reinwine to dinner. Then the business of the empire - until four o'clock lasted the working day. And only after the state issues were finished, she allowed himself a vacation - studying collections of elegant arts or receptions in the Hermitage, and closer to the evening a ball or a performance. The main dinner on the full program was covered in special cases, and if Catherine was present on it, it did not eat anything - this is what autocratic will and excerpt mean. At ten o'clock, the empress was removed into his rest - she was something to do.
However, the trend
"I am praising loudly, and I trigger in a low voice" - this rule the wise woman was guided by both his imperial politics and in his personal life. She never humiliated chosen, did not require them impossible and forgotten the shortcomings and weaknesses of character with tsarist generosity. When Alexander Dmitriev-Mamonov, Alexander Dmitriev-Mamonov, was caught by surprise in the arms of the young Princess Shcherbatova, the autocracy personally asked the anemone about the causes of treason. The reason turned out to be a wig - love. Catherine blessed the marriage of the young, endowed the former favorite wealth and attended when dressing the bride to the crown. Its exposure can be envied, although however, women's curiosity is also a strong factor. And then the venance patroner favored favorably to attach one of the details of the wedding dress and ... rooted the bride pin. But that's all. One pinch blast in exchange for treason and frank little flattering recognition in love for a younger rival!
Arbian! 
Many tempors sought to stay with Catherine as long as possible - the magic of the proximity of the throne and the opportunity to live on a bigger leg is so attractive. To produce an inderacted impression on the empress, the favorites resorted to the "Viagra" of the XVIII century - the Skanskaya Flyer. Its book name "Cantarides stimulator", it is a potent drug of natural origin - dedicated dried bugs in powder. The tincture or pills were used in an hour to the desired results and possessed the magic effect. But there was a serious lack of the drug - its excessive use was disturbed by the kidney function, so it was not recommended to resort to the Shpanskaya Musk more often than once every 5 - 7 days. The handsome Count Lansk, who has neglected the restrictions, in which the autocrat was not in love with a joke, passed away after two years of obvious abuse of a miraculous means.
Of course, the century of enlightened absolutism was far from high-level installations, but the carnal ucenes were cultivated and chased everywhere. What you can not say about the means of protection - their level of application both in Europe and in the snow-covered Russia left much to be desired. Moreover, it concerned both the lowest and higher classes. The prototypes of the current contraceptives are puch-bull-or fish bubble sheets - really not saved from unwanted pregnancy, nor from even less desirable diseases. They were fragile, now and then they rushed and cost a little expensive. Therefore, extramarital children, as well as the corresponding connections, were a great set. Catherine did not exception from the rule - she had a son from Grigoria Orlov, daughter from Potemkin and other unwanted children, who, apparently, the Empress was not interested.
But we will not blame her in forgetfulness, frivolry or heartlessness - in reality, this woman belonged primarily to the state and only sweat. It's just that she, even in the era of the most stormy hobbies, always knew how to expose priorities - the quality is rare in men and even more rare in women. And truly invaluable in the person, which manages the country.
Not royal finish
Catherine died when she was 68 years old, in the 40th year of reign. The exact date Her death in 1787 predicted the Tula Peasant Vasiliev, who remained in the memory of descendants as a pendant Abel. For the description of the unloading details of this death, it was sharpened in the fortress.
The queen could not be called a healthy woman. Its childhood passed in cold unheated stone premises of the medieval castle. Fed the princess is no better than the yard girl. With the only difference, which still tightened to the corset. She came to Russia with a thin pale teenager with obvious signs of pulmonary failure and thyroid problems. Years later, when Catherine was drove and acquired the forms of a woman with a fully powerful nutrition, the doctors still suspected her Cachote.
They did not gain the tsarice of health and numerous childbirth. And how many babies she thrown out, because crazy pregnancy had to hide, dragging themselves with all ways.
One can only guess what diseases of this outstanding woman suffered, the list of lovers of which consists of 21 points (almost all - the military, the people traveled and unintelligent connections are known), not counting references to the periods of particularly active sexual life. And intense diseases in those years treated mercury.
Like many, starving in youth, Mature Catherine compensated for the former deprivation of excessive passion for food. Highway and edema, she already moved to death for several years with difficulty, without any assistance. The stairs turned to her in an irresistible obstacle.
According to the official version on November 6, 1796, after the morning conversation for a cup of coffee with a lover tooth (he became a favorite at 22, when Catherine was 61, and stayed in this position for 7 years) and classes with the secretaries, already dressed up the queen went to the dressing room and Ten minutes from there did not come out. She was found in unconscious, paralyzed. A few hours later, the doctors stated death from the apoplexic strike. 
In fact, in the dressing room, behind the screen, there was a toilet with a pot, on which the queen was planted every morning, suffering from punishment for the globe by constipation, tape of the stomach and hemorrhoids. The procedure sometimes took at least an hour. The fact that the death of his royal Catherine will find, driving, in from the place, and predicted Monk Abel.
During the lifetime, the queen wrote his epitaph: "Here is Catherine the second ... Fourteen years from the family, she had a triple intention - like her husband (which herself and" ordered. "- Ed.), Elizabeth and people ... sprinkling, Considering, from nature is a melonal, with a soul of republican and with a kind heart, she had friends. The work was easy for her, she loved art and be in humans. "
Catherine Great
Very loved the sovereign this word. And not only loved, she deserved him right. For "greatness in everything" - the motto of this extraordinary woman! But we will not touch her state actions, this is not our task, although we, of course, know that this is a great state mind, and a wonderful politician. We are more interested in the alkali side, especially since it covered with such myths, such legends that it is time to divide the "grains and pleules", because the fiction and rumors are pleasing to the light and the memoirs runs. Which only the flight on our mother, the empress was not erected, her excessive sensuality taking for niformania and sexual pathology! Until now, some believe that she really built the company's company and crossed men among them with a particularly large phallus among them, for which their goals were singing special covers, emphasizing the form and beauty of the critical organ. It's not that century you wandered, expensive gossip! This was indeed from the Europeans of the XIV-XVI centuries, when it was fashionable to wear men to their organ so-called saccs, sometimes unthinkable sizes, because the cult of phallus flourished. Well, maybe the men of Siberia and so far there are some sheets there, so it's not from fashion, one of the desire to protect the male nature from the frosty climate.
D. G. Levitsky. Portrait of Catherine II in the form of legislation in the temple of the goddess of justice. 1780
Whipped about some stallions that would not have been found for the Tsaritsa not for riding. And the famous English writer and psychologist Dian Azzkerman in his new book "Natural Love Story" authoritatively declares that such a fact took place in the life of Catherine Great and as if a special design of the stallion was attached to security.
All this is wild nonsense, dear reader, something, of course, was, but to such a degree of perversion, the case never reached. Although, of course, we will not argue, with her love joy in full bloom bloomed, golden planes were shining for long and many years, introducing all humanity into amazement, because Never, the Institute of Favorites did not reach such glory, shine, power and greatness!
Favorite Empire! Did you see this?
And for the beginning of the pedigree: was born on April 21, 1729 in the small German principal, the Anhalt Crebst Princess Sophia Augustus Frederica. Her parents are Prince Anhalt Czyrrste and Princess Goldshtinskaya. In 1744, arrived in Russia during the coronation of the Empress Elizabeth Petrovna, and in 1745 it was combined with a marriage with great prince Peter III.
In 1762, after the death of Elizabeth Petrovna and the Short Board of Peter III, went to the Russian throne. In February 1796, he died at the age of 67. Reigned 34 years.
He loved the order and moderation in everything, excluding love joy, there was no measures. And so the whole life followed this "golden middle" confusion. Moderation in food, almost asceticism in alcoholic beverages, the maximum number of hours at the desk, followed by public affairs with literary activities. Experts not very highly appreciated the literary creativity of Catherine II, we do not undertake to judge it, let's just say that it was rather diverse genre. Here and the plays: Comedy "Oh, Time", "Mrs. Vorchekina", "Deceiver", and fairy tales for children written in educational purposes for her grandchildren, but intended for widespread: "Tale about Tsarevich Chlorine", "Tale of Tsarevich Fabia. " Even the libretto for the opera wrote the Queen, and the most famous "Fedul with children", the Fabulus tells about the Poor Fedul's Peppets, who remained a widow with 15 children. Surprisingly, the opera was put in the St. Petersburg scene, and the music written by Caperemister V. Pashkevich music to her.
Many believed that Catherine had wonderful dating and subtle mind. This is how the French Messenger Segure writes about her: "She possessed huge diving and subtle mind. It combined qualities, rarely found in one person. Prone to pleasure and hardworking, easy to home life And hidden in politics. Ambolism is infinitely, but she knew how to direct him to prudent goals. Passionate in hobbies, but constant in friendship. Majikye to the people, good and condescending in society. It has always been admitted to her importance, the greeliness was decent. " The French envoy Count Segure states: "It was a majestic monarchine and a kind lady."
The appearance of Catherine, in any case, in the youth and years of maturity, attractive: "She had an eagle nose, an adorable mouth, blue eyes, black eyebrows, a nice look, a charming smile."
Portrait of Catherine Great, given in love with a man, similar to the original, except ... Eye. Some believed that Ekaterina's eyes are Great gray. Maybe, therefore, indecisive historians, entangled in the disgraceful estimates of the eyes of the Eye of the Eye, went on a compromise and wrote: "She has blue eyes with a gray pain." That is gray-blue or bluish gray. Do not be surprised, dear reader that is not so easy to determine the color of the eye of the reigning monarchs. Even with ordinary mortal eyes have the ability to change their color, depending on the mental state of its owner. Recall that there are still disgraceful estimates of the color of the eyes of Grigory Rasputin. Green - They say one, others - the blue, third are gray, the fourth are azure, and the fifths say: "Eyes at Rasputin whiten with such deep eyes that the eye themselves is not visible."
Return, however, to the queen Catherine Great.
She got up early, although a few later "early birds" Anna John, who ordered at six o'clock in the morning. Catherine got up at seven - seven thirty in the morning. Until nine hours worked at the desk.
At nine in the morning, he returned to the bedroom and accepted with reports. When favorites are, all officials with a bow come out. For the favorites of the door of its highness are always open. Then the Queen goes into a small restroom, where it combines the Palace Hairdresser Kozlov. Her hair is dense and long and do not answer the Russian proverb at all: "The hair is long, the mind is short." When she sits down before the toilet, they fall to her to the ground. Tsaritsa's personal apartments are great and equipped with a great taste: "It's impossible to imagine anything sophisticated and more magnificent restrooms, bedrooms and Boudar of Her Majesty. The restroom is all furnished with mirrors decorated with gold frames. The bedroom is surrounded by small columns, from top to bottom with solid silver, half of the silver, half of the purple color. The background of the columns form mirrors and painted ceiling. All three rest are luxuriously removed by bronze and gilded garlands around all columns. "
In this little restroom, it is cumming up. Her suit is simple: Moldavian simple dress with wide sleeves. There are no jewels on the dress. Jewelry and ribbon with the Order of Catherine she only puts on the solemn techniques. In the press days, a simple suit will be changed to a red velvet dress, which Catherine called the Russian dress. She generally loved to demonstrate all Russian, even with some exaggeration. All her maid, unlike other queens, only the Russians. During the fulfillment of her toilet, four chambers of Junger are surrounded. Recall that at this time Elizavet Petrovna was surrounded by forty Freinin. All chambers of Junger are old Virgin and, of course, ugly.
Stay in a small restroom - this is the time of great reception. Yes, and the room itself resembles the reception. She is packed by people: here are the grandchildren who came to say hello to her grandmother, several close friends, the Courthouse of Naryshkin, Matroee Danilovna, amusing the sovereign with his jokes, through which the queen will learn about the St. Petersburg gossip, which was not alienated.
Catherine Palaces are great. Here and winter, in which her son of Pavel, and Ekateringof, built by Peter I, in honor of his wife Catherine, completed by Elizabeth, Petrovna, who turned it into a two-story one-storey in each floor with twenty-room. Saving the first floor in modesty and asceticism, as Peter loved, it turned into luxurious salons with walls, upholstered white velvet with flowers and satin ton. Everywhere, as in the museum, magnificent paintings in heavy gilded frames. This palace was particularly close to Elizabeth Petrovna. Here she died.
Catherine The second loved to stay in the Hermitage - large and small. Hermitage hit the nasty of the hall and galleries, the richness of the situation, many mirrors and paintings of great masters and a magnificent winter garden, where greens, flowers and birds singing - at any time of the year. Here at the end of the palace was a beautiful theater hall. She is half a challenge, without lies, with the benches located in the amphitheater. Twice a month, solemn performances occur here, on which the presence of the entire diplomatic corps is required. On other days, the number of viewers did not exceed 20 people, and the actors complained that they were playing almost without public.
In addition to Russians, the French actors were written out of France, who were constantly in bewilderment: how can you play in an empty hall? There was an intimate small Hermitage here, in the apartment of which only the closest circle of people and the intimacy of which kept the well-traded lacquer da female Pereksihina, but unhealthy Solve was chosen: they say, unbelieving orgies are made there. So what? Kings and kings are also necessary private life. Still live at once! Edak and under the nervous disorder can fall. Louis XV, who faded to his pompadur to his purely physical disgust, when a great woman was crying from the coldness of the king, fleeing at night from her bed on an uncomfortable couch allegedly from the heat, also had his "deer Park" - a small, but a superbly furnished structure in which Grew for him young prostitutes. Louis XIV "Deer Park", however, did not have, but his apartments were always connected by some secret corridors and secret stairs with the shakers of his mistresses. Heinrich II drew a subterranean corridor from his palace to Diana Palace Poitiers for unhindered communication with her.
In short, there is nothing new in these secret apartments. And there is nothing to be surprised at one foreign ambassador, who already after the death of Catherine opened two small rooms in the Winter Palace, located behind the bedrooms of the Empress: the walls of one of them were taken from the top of the Donom, very valuable miniatures in the gold frames depicting a voluptuous scenes. The second room was an accurate copy of the first, but only all the miniatures were portraits of men who loved and knew the Empress.
In 1785, Catherine leaves the Hermitage and moves to live in the Winter Palace. Her personal chambers are on the first floor and very small. Climbing the small staircase, you need to enter the room where the table for secretaries takes almost everything. Nearby there is a restroom with windows that go on the palace square. Here Catherine makes a toilet. This is a place of small exit. There are two doors in the restroom: one leads to the diamond hall, the other is to the Bedroom Catherine. The bedroom is communicated in depth to a small restroom, where the entrance is admitted to everyone, and the left-handedness with the working office of the queen. Behind him goes the mirror hall and other receptions of the palace.
From here the queen is sent to church for worship. At certain days, all foreign ambassadors had to participate in this. By the way, about the ambassadors. Foreign ambassadors existed in Russia. But at first they were one of them and their affairs were random. But already under Ivan Grozny in Russia there was a permanent ambassador of the Queen of English, and in Petra I, the Institute of Ambassadors increased. They represented strong powersseeking friendship with Russia. In St. Petersburg there were embassies of Denmark, Holland, Austria, Saxony, Brandenburg, Sweden, England and France.
English Ambassador Koksa here so describes the Tsaritsa Catherine of the Great Church in 1778: "After the dinner, a long series of courty of both sexes reached out, the empress went alone, moving forward to a quiet and solemn step, with proudly raised head and indifferedly bowing on both sides. At the entrance, it stopped for a few seconds and spoke to the foreign ambassadors who were attached to her hand. The sovereign was dressed in the Russian outfit: a light green silk dress with a short loop and a corsage of golden brocade with long sleeves. It seemed very imminent. Her hair was low branched and slightly sprinkled. Headdress all the union by diamonds. The individuals of it is very majestic, although the growth is lower than the average, the face is complete advantage and especially attractive when she says. "
The Empress allowed himself to relax only in the evening and after lunch. After lunch was engaged in embroidery, while her secretary Petsky read it out loud. In the evening - theater, balls and masquerarads, as well as a card game, to which there was a big hunter and, who later banned her son Paul, and the Merry Tsaritsy Yard became just as boring, like Versailles during the reign of the secret wife of Louis XIV Mother Montenon.
This Hange, the daughter of a fake, born in prison, raising the extramarital king children, which he initially hated, so she briefed him in confidence that he claimed an open proclamation of himself by the French Queen. But how did you have boredom from this "cold snake"! There are such people to them and the son of Catherine Paul refers, who have the ability to extinguish the sparkle of God in everything. Catherine, filled with life and fun, on the contrary, he was inflated. Her balls and masquerads are very interesting and deprived of the most famous court etiquette. Subscribed even was allowed not to get up in its presence. Thanks to this impedition, the atmosphere on its balas became a relaxed, fun was natural. Masqueradam paid great attention. If so that Ekaterina Great from his aunt Elizabeth Petrovna, so this is a passion for masquerads. That they took place regularly, twice a week, with a large pump and a huge number of guests. The invited was up to 1000-1500 people. Get an invitation card to Masquerada Elizabeth Petrovna, who were held in the palace, who were at the corner of the sink and the Nevsky Prospect, was considered to be a big honor. There were all the main chambers leading to the greater hall. All wooden decorations and threads were painted with green, and the panels on the wallpaper are gilded. On the one hand there were 12 large windows and as many mirrors, the most huge, which only you can have. The hall for their huge makes a tremendous impression. It moved countless masks in the richest costumes. All the chambers were richly lit, ten thousand candles. There were several dance rooms for playing cards. In one of the rooms, Empress played in Pharaoh or in Picket, and at ten o'clock in the evening was removed and appeared in a masquerade suit, remained in it until 5-6 in the morning. Catherine Great limited the number of mascaras, they were committed once a week, and their duration - only until two o'clock in the morning. As for the costumes, Elizabeth, having an unusually slender leg, invariably appeared in the male dress, each time in another: once she was a page, another time - the French Musketeer, and then the Ukrainian hetman. Catherine, who did not have elegant legs of Elizabeth Petrovna, the male outfit did not wear out of masquerad, but if necessary, fishing or horse riding, but on the masquerades appeared in women's dresses, but such closer and poor, that the desired incognito always succeeded, and Courtnic brought to curious cases.
A certain court recorded in his diary: "Fit women's mask, dressed very simple and not very neat, and puts the silver ruble on the map. The ATTECK objection dry: "It is impossible to put less Chervonets." Mask, not to mention a word, pointed out the image of the state truck on the ruble. "To her every respect," said Freignold, kissed the portrait, but at the rate of this little. " The mask suddenly screamed: "Va-Bank". The Bansomet became angry, threw a deck of cards, which he kept in his hands, and, feeding another ruble, said with the annoyance: "Better buy yourself new gloves instead of these, leaky." The mask has shocked and moved away. The next day, Freigold learned that it was Catherine. "It's good your chrome major," she said to one of the Rodantores. - I almost fucked me. "
You can not doubt the impunity of such an act. Catherine excellent had a sense of humor. Old General Shch. Appeared once Catherine. "I still didn't know you," the Empress said. The general did not quite successfully replied: "Yes, and I, Mother of the Selfary, did not know you so far." "I believe," Ekaterina objected with a smile. - Where and know me, poor widow! "
A widow, of course, will remain for all thirty-four years of his reign, but by no means poor, and most importantly, not lonely. The rude word "lover" is not very suitable for those men whom Catherine allowed to itself. She adored her favorites, which for three decades the reign was enough, from 12 to 26 pieces, but their qualitative significance is much higher than, say, her predecessor Elizabeth Petrovna. With Elizabeth, they served exclusively with love jits, with Ekaterina they served not only to her, but also the Power. Favorit Catherine is always rich, impressed, deify. He is imputed to the duty to have personal advantages.
And if some "sine bird", which fell on the attention of the Empress, well, they simply do not possess them, he should be instantly acquired by them: love literature, to learn any foreign language, play on the musical instrument and adore music, and also Know the palace etiquette and be able to gracefully express. "We all studied little by little, something and somehow," these words of Pushkin are more suitable for Catherine Favorites. She skillfully created from the modest possibilities "magnificent", "great" and even "ingenious" personalities, which are not sin to surround the empress.
However, before the true genius and talent, Catherine leaned without unnecessary diffirabs and honored without idle colorful words, for it was able to distinguish gold from the glass. Such a favorite in loss of his love for him became all his life with a sincere friend, a friend, the adviser in all matters, from love to state, became her first assistant. It happened to the prince of Potemkin.
The favorite of Catherine is all extolled to heaven, of course, more from the desire to please the Queen than from sincere feeling. He gets a big position, and if he is also vain, he will allow him a little to manage the state. But only a little! I did not want to share the power of Catherine. This is not Anna Austrian, who, before the madness, falling in love with Cardinal Mazarini and secretly marriage with him, became almost his servale that did not have his own voice. Case time, and fun hour, as they say. And Catherine Fun from the case was distinguished very weighty. "I will right with the state, and you perform what I consider you to give or take it," as it would be offered to her favorites. But it is impossible to say a hundred percent that Mother Tsarina has always been free in his feelings. There were times when her public affairs suffered greatly from her mood.
In 1772, Ekaterina II for four months did not read anything and almost did not touch the papers, since she was busy with the affairs of the Orlich family.
"I received great sensuality from nature," writes Catherine in his notes. Of course it is. Only in scientific medical terminology is called or sex hysteria, or nymphomania. "The Nymphomaniac Ekaterina has never been," says the historian researcher K. Valishevsky. Practice speaks completely different. No matter how we call the unlimited sensuality of Catherine, the conclusion is one - it has exaggerated, and therefore it is abnormally from the point of view of an ordinary person. Give the sensuality of your such giant sizes, to feel it with such cynicism, looseness, with the complete absence of elementary female shame, which is already in the nature of the woman itself laid, is it not pathology?
Pick up your gender, your great title, your mind, your genius, finally, and a high mission, satisfying the animal instincts - is it not a crime before mankind? - It says too jealous moralizes. In a scientist, we read about the pathological phenomenon of satiriasis in men and nymphomania in women, when they are in the authority of the so-called lust and when they are not able to do nothing else, only the satisfaction of their sewing physical passion. Is it so with Catherine? Yes, B. last years Life, during the age of aging, it could be found these fault traits, when lowland orgies were arranged in the secret room of the Hermitage, but mostly her love fervor, externally, was quite shivering.
Yes, the state treasure has suffered great from the appetite of the Favorites. And who will calculate the damage moral? After all, the moral foundations were noticed. Many dignity of that time indicated the negative phenomenon of "Favoritism". So, the prince of Shcherbatov in a letter to a friend openly stolen this shameful phenomenon in Russian life, because the royal courtyard, legally cultivated adultery, contributed to the fall of the morals in Russian society, since the society from the courtyard took an example.
Catherine not only did not hide his relationship with lovers, but obviously preached them, ascended to the pedestal, made a kind of cult. Otherwise, why would she have all the walls of the Small Boudar to decorate magnificent miniature portraits with the image of their long-term and short-term lovers, as a museum rarity, for everyone to see. The cynicism of it in the question of morality and morality does not know equal, and this is with all the tweeter visibility of the commemoration of moral norms. Recall how sharply she opposed the free morals of French actresses or which passionage struggled against the traditional wash of women and men in one bath.
The appointment to the post of favorite was performed very quickly, although not without a certain ceremony. All young officers who really had or believed that they had a beautiful figure, and in particular, excuse us for an obscene-free frankness, an impreaming phallus that at the then fashion for tight white co-rates it could not be discovered, could count on a special service in the Palace Apartments of the Queen. She loved to take place in private rooms among two rows of highly beautiful handsome, exhibiting their delights proudly. Courtty laughed: "Palace apartments were a place where the lower part of the body was especially valued." Many surnames found their hopes on any young relative, who fell in a retinue of the Empress, if, in their opinion, his addition deserved the attention of the vigilant's tsaritsa.
At evening reception, the court suddenly noticed that the Empress was viewed on some lieutenant. The next day, he was expected to increase in the service - he was appointed a flaggy-adjutant of the Queen. Position of the Flegel Adjutant is the road to Alcove Catherine II. In the afternoon of a young man, a short note called for a palace. He is undergoing a medical examination at the Leib Medicism of the Russian Englishman Rogerson - Precautions are far from exemption to the health of the Empress.
After all, Catherine could not allow the mistakes of its predecessors - Ivan the Terrible and Peter I, who, without a special precaution, were given to love joy, without thinking about his consequences. About the venereal disease of Peter I historians and chroniclers, in order not to detract from the greatness of the genius, it was shyly silent. A total of two and dare it to break this taboo: Stepan's emigrant in 1903 and a modern writer Valentin Lavrov. The latter not only about this incident mentions, but also in details goes: with whom and when.
Yes, and other historical examples in this regard are far from comforting. The royal courts of the advanced countries of Europe were infected with venereal diseases. The surgeon of King Louis XV Peyron was treated by the court letters from syphilis.
Louis XIV was sick with syphilis and hardly cured in early youth. And than just did not treat him for the past seven months, the court doctor washed: washed the body of ant alcohol, forced to drink blood bond and some mysterious elixirs whose recipe was kept in a big secret. I barely cured, because the saving penicillin was not there.
Heinrich VII doctor treated him from Syphilis medicine based on mercury, which was kept in deep secret.
The Great Friedrich II, who was not specifically by Donuan, managed to get a heavy form of syphilis from a prostitute and remained fruitless for life.
Cardinal Dubua Surgeons were forced to remove generally genitals, since the unclean, the solar syphilis gave a dangerous ulcer on the bladder. The courtesy were maliciously illuminated: "A great man will relieve the light without his male dignity."
Queen Elizabeth ran away from Vienna, because her husband infected her with tryrper. The infinite number of times sulled by this disease is an incorrigible Donjan, french king Heinrich IV, in the Democratic Alcove of which was visited by the most different ladies: Aristocrats, Kurtisani, actresses and many peasant girls, just as not quite objective chronicles say, up to eleven thousand, for this excessive sensual king had a weakness to the female sex in all his diversity: From secular ladies and prostitutes to monastery inclusive. And these "black" pious quiet, God served, loved especially: the necessary pennants they contributed to his sexual intercourse. Well, I received the "award" from such a nun Katerina Verdun - syphilis in severe form. Nasil cured.
The father of Catherine Medici was sickly a heavy form of syphilis, who was not in a straight form, but in a chill offspring, including the Queen Margo and the son of Charles IX. Venusal diseases at the courtyard - this is the Beach of the Renaissance era, no wonder the King Francis I was so deadly afraid to get infected that, being a very hurricane to love jellows, forced his mistresses, regardless of their public situation, even famous secular ladies, before going to his bed , Pass the humiliating procedure of gynecological research from the court doctor. Some husbands like fire were afraid of venereal diseases that their wives could pick up in the bed of the king.
So, after a medical examination of the Favorite, Catherine entrust the concerns of Bruce Countess, whose task was to take care of the appropriate chosen wardrobe. The next stage of the tests, he passes with the alkal lady of Mrs. Protasova, and then he already, proven, washed, dressed in the finest shirts and naskovo-trained palace etiquette, spend on the cooked apartments. He is expected here comfort, unprecedented luxury, servants. Having discovered the desk of the written table, he discovers 100,000 rubles in it (a permanent tariff for sexual services with newly minted favorites).
Then the empress is solemnly carried out in the bedroom. In the evening, cheerful and satisfied, the Empress appears before the gathered courtyard, leaning on the hand of the favorite. According to her, the courtesy will know whether he left in his position. If not, he will be released with God and even the premium 100,000 rubles will not be taken away. Recall expensive readers that he could buy three thousand fortress girls for these money.
But the favorite is approved. Exactly at ten o'clock in the evening, having finished the game in the card, the empress is removed into his extermination, where, after her, the favorite striking the mouse. From now on, his future depends only on him. If the empress is pleased with his services, he will remain in his "golden cell" for so long, as the queen wishes, if, of course, unforeseen circumstances will not happen for a somewhat rarely resignation, which has repeatedly happened to the empress.
From the moment of his approval, he will accompany the Queen, in all its departures and outputs. When departing, his apartments will be near the apartment of the Queen, and the beds will be disguised as a huge mirror, which, with a special spring, can move aside, and now the double married bed is ready.
The position of Favorite is very well paid. Much more than any other posts. The lover is waiting for the unheard of wealth and the honors of the royal, and if he is ambitious, then fame. He can not worry about his future. If after some time they will point to the door, it will leave not with empty hands. He will take with him a given estate, palaces, furniture, utensils, some thousands of the soul of peasants, he will be allowed to marry, go abroad, in a word, will be happy until the end of life. It is estimated that Ekaterina's favorites of Ekaterina distributed 800 thousand tents of the Earth together with their peasants inhabiting them and 90 million money. The position of Favorite, thus, became an official government agency. The fact that the first Russian queens started, the fact that Elizabeth Petrovna introduced with some courage, it was brilliantly improved, elevated, introduced in the rank of honorary rank of Catherine II. With which disarming simplicity and naturalness, it takes the services of the favorite, without making it any mystery, even before the grandchildren. The evening in her apartment is going to be a friendly female: the son Paul with his wife and children and favorite. They drink tea, joking, talking about family matters, then the family delicately says goodbye, grandchildren kiss a grandmother with a handle, she is in a cheek, and remove, leaving the favorite alone with the queen.
Everything is defissible, as in a respectable family. Nobody never expressed at the court on this occasion no censure. Only foreigners were outraged, believing that Catherine compromises and their acts, and his great name. She herself sincerely did not see anything disrupant.
Well, and what about this, that Catherine attributed the bed to the highest pedestal, created a cult of sensual love? She was not only sensual by nature, but also an educated woman, well-read, besides, where the cult of bed had its historical traditions. "You will go to bed and your right to acquire" - says the ancient German saying. And sex insatiability was one of the features of this era that served three cults: food, drinking and sexual enjoyment. And if Ekaterina was extremely moderate in food and drinking, then love was given to the whole passion, which was capable of.
The Empress fakes and jealines their favorites. Usually they are not allowed without her knowledge to leave the palace. Exceptions, of course, were. There was such an exception to Grigory Orlov, openly changing the queen with his numerous mistresses and leaving it often for all weeks. More exception was the prince of Potemkin, the only one who retained his independence and, having ceased to be a lover Catherine, became her friend, an adviser, the face absolutely necessary and valuable. But other favorites were forced to reckon with their dependent position and do not forget that it is reluctant to be incredible and unmatractable. So, Mamonov only once received permission to go to the house of Ambassador of Count Segure himself, but the Empress was so worried and jealous of her lover that her carriage was melted back and forth in front of the embassy windows, to the wise perplexity of amazed guests.
It would be best for Catherine so that the favorite absolutely merged with her "I". Observed the same interests, tastes and desires.
That is why she was so eagerly engaged in their upbringing. And when Europe was wrapped in other monarchs of Europe, Ekaterina Great, Masson stated: "Her morals were exquisied and loose, but she always retained some external decency."
And other monarchs? With the Viennese yard, the favorite is the usual matter: he performed the role of the maid, lover and a friend. Mrs. contains him and pay him a salary. He is always with her, during the toilet replaces the maid, at dinner - a friend, for a walk - satellite, in bed - husband. I blame the Great Ekaterina, we forget that the European Queen has missed the position of Favorite in everybody before it. I did not make secrets from our relationship with favorites either Elizabeth English, nor Maria Scottish, nor Christina Swedish.
Stake's impertion The lover of the king was higher than the legitimate spouse. Mrs. Montespan, the lover of King Louis XIV, had twenty rooms in Versailles on the first floor, and the queen was only eleven, and then on the second floor. In front of the palace of the Prussian King Friedrich II Ballerina Barbarini was an honorary guard, to its services, as to the Prarevy, were Freillins, and the honors rendered to it were truly royal. The markers of Pompadour, the mistress of the King Louis XV, and the King of Friedrich II, nor the Queen of Maria Teresa, nor our Catherine did not consider the Great for themselves to rewrite with her.
Heinrich IV had Gabriel, who felt so the queen that only her death would prevent this official appointment. Henry II appealed to the Ombolian Diana, Heinrich II, about which his wife Ekaterina Medici said: "This smoke is ruled by the state."
Accused Catherine Great in irrepressible sensuality? But how many Erosovanov kings reign in Europe, giving an example, "worthy imitation", with his subject? From Louis Xiv begins the parade of the Favorite. With Friedrich-Wilhelm II, the entire courtyard was one great home tolerance. Everything was embodied by both their wives and daughters in bed a king, and it was considered the provision of the highest mercy on his part. The favorite "dish" Louis XV were girls, to seduce whom did not make a lot of work because for his joy the girls were tamed like a geese on slaughter.
And in general, the whole life of this king is a solid chain of immoralities and obscenities. It is difficult to raise morality in subjects. They tried with might and main, wanting to promise each other in perversity and sadizma. Count Gaufeld indulged in debauchery openly, in front of everyone, the uncerencelessness in his eyes of his own wife. In her presence, they gave birth to women in the castle, forced his wife to be a witness of his nightly baud. Husbands needed their sexy sadism on patience to test. When the wife of Count Gaufeld gave birth to a dead child and her life was in danger, then the husband did not find anything better for her consolation, as it immediately, in her eyes, copper with her best girlfriend the Countess Nesselrod.
He forced his wife to obey all his lustful desires, all the disgusting depraved receptions, who had learned from prostitutes, and to top it all infected it with a venereal disease.
Watto. French theater.
In France, a certain veneraa Becker for seven years has supported the intercourse with the children of school age from eight years. The judicial authorities became interested in them when a pregnant thirteen-year-old girl pointed out the father's name. In prestigious houses of tolerance, customers as a special dessert - quite expensive, however, they demanded children.
It is known that Ivan the Terrible madly loved his first wife Anastasia. And how many times did he changed her? Chronicles have done that after her burial he, in the deepest grief, already on the eighth day after her death, was brought to unbridled debauchery.
And so for centuries. Here is the report of the Board of Trustees of the Committee of the St. Petersburg House of Mercy for 1908: "The twelve-year-old prostitute specialized in unnatural satisfaction of the lust of Erosovanov." Under the unnatural implied oral contacts. Ninety years ago, as in the very behind the sexual development of the state, which was considered the Socialist USSR, where the sexual problem was forbidden, now on television is a program about the advantages of oral sex as a high degree Sexual pleasure. The program is called "about it" and presented in such a way that people engaged in traditional sex should feel infallible.
Sexopathologist Ellis Govlock, exploring the sexual matter in society, writes: "The depravant is inevitably waiting for a complete moral drop, he comes in his desire to the most recent sex perversion."
But, in fact, what is "sexual perversion"? Who determines the criteria for the permitted and unauthorized? And here we, dear reader, in complete bewilderment: it turns out, there is no such criterion. "One loves watermelon, another pork cartberry." The fact that the Europeans have lied for refined debauchery, in primitive tribes, due to their animal instinct, is considered the most natural and most natural. The theory of relativity and here makes itself felt.
So, in Australia, young boys and barely established girls back in the XIX century, starting with ten years, coited completely freely. The very act of sexual convergence does not attach any bad value. Often, parents copulated with children, and girls had to spend the night with guests accepted by the tribe.
Northern Peoples still have a custom as a sign of special favor to the guest to give him his wife for the night. Almost early as children's age, Polynesian girls behave, according to the concepts of the European, with unbridled promiscuity: they are constantly given or sold with the consent of their parents. And when the novelter eaten, the novelty eaten, the navigator of the Cook arrived on one of the African Islands, he was amazed by the view of local men, by the offering navigators of their wives, sisters and daughters. While Europeans are severely punishing the newly demanded if it turned out to be a malfunction.
In short, everything is relative! And give us the will, we would not be one Einstein, and a thousand Nobel awards provided only in one brilliant statement that everything in the world relatively.
We will not, so too strict in Catherine Great, but we will try without emotions, calmly deal with her lovers.
The most difficult and burdensome for Catherine II was her favorite of Grigory Orlov. He was the second son of the remaining five (four sons died at an early age). His father, also Grigory, married 53 years old on the sixteen-year-old Device Zinovieva. All sons lived in complete agreement and loved each other. With Gregory Orlov Tsaritsa, then still former great Prince, reduced case. And it was like this: after one unpleasant scene with her husband, Peter III, with whom we already know, Catherine lived worse, it opens the window to cool down a little bit from a quarrel and breathe. And then her view falls at Gregory Orlova. And this instant decided everything: a retaliatory look of a beautiful young man pierced her, like an electric current. The historian about this event tells this way: "One thought about him filled in her heart the emptiness that was formed as a result of the departure of the graph of the concepts-friendly from St. Petersburg. Grigory Orlov very soon and not without pleasure noticed what a strong impression he made on the young princess. So it was originated between Catherine and Orlov Intrigue, which went in the usual move. Night dots covered Gregory forbidden dates in the rooms. "
In short, the sacred place is not empty. I drove understood, the eagles appeared. We are just in any way we will not take, in what kind of rooms Gregory Orlova intimate dates took place? He lived then in the apartment at the corner of Nevsky and washing. Princess was difficult under the watchful Okom Elizabeth Petrovna to visit there. In the palace, too, it does not hurt with love, there is a circle of eyes and ears. But one way or another, Catherine with Gregory Orlov, still in-depth places for love merits were found, and successfully, if she became pregnant from him soon. And since with her husband, no bodily contacts have not happened for a long time, the pregnancy had to hide, the benefit of the dress was then wider. But gentle God saves. Catherine to hide her pregnancy from aunt aunt, she sat all the time, explaining this sickness of the legs. A few months continued to hurt a foot while the time of birth did not come. And it was in 1762, already in the reign of Peter III, whom to deceive - to spit.
And many times will give birth to Catherine Great, the only thing is not a little by breaking the record on the extramarital children of Elizabeth Petrovna.
In general, Catherine is great, something about nine illegitimate children gave birth, including those who immediately died at birth, gave the next baby or Mrs. Protasovoy, his trusted maid, or Mrs. Deloschina, Alcove his lady, or the Trusted Power Sukurina. That big maneuvers had to hold the queen to give birth safely. This is later when Peter III, her husband, forcibly pressed, could have been a queen not shy to walk with a swollen tummy, but the fruits of love merits often and in the presence of her husband appeared. Then this very shkurin was invented by such a maneuver: as soon as the queen generic fights feel, the house of Skurin was burning. Peter III - we know, we know such a passion of the kings, she and Ivan the Terrible was covered, and Peter I, - was removed to extinguish the fire. The house was adjusted by the owner himself. And while Peter III quenched the fire, the queen was safely resolved from the burden.
Mother Ekaterina Great has always followed both education and for further fate His kids. Each of them received the estate, money in a bank, education and ... surname. Well, of course, not the royal, though. But quite decent. The names arose or from the name of the estate, as it was with the son of Catherine and Grigoria Orlov - Bobrinsky. He got the last name from Bobri's estate giving him, and one million money was put in the bank in his name. To other children, parents will not be so generous. This Bobrinsky has a lot of blood by Empress drove. Ungrateful scoundrel, this son was. Sent abroad, boasted to foreigners with his illegally high origin, the great queen is compromising, in the cards there are huge amounts losing, Mother to pay forcing. In general, the worthless son was crushed, although he was almost in a gold wheelchair, the father with his mother secretly, in a closed carriage, often visited Schucchin. Nothing from the Great Mother did not take, but from the Father, the rage irrevocable and quick-tempered. He was sent to the roll, in the province to stare, but the legitimate son of Queen Paul, who all called Mother Matushka, messed up for the impaired youth, Bobrinsky, called for the court, elevated to the graph and even "for anything" awarded him to the Holy Order Anna.
The second son has a tutor was Ribas, a scientist husband. The child was given to B. cadet corps And especially his royal origin did not advertise. But it was the Mystery of Polishiniel: everyone knew where he came from, and had much more attention to him than other children in this cadet corps.
The next son is a galaktion - remained for a long time in the palace, and he was often seen by the rooms running around the rooms. Then, when he grew up, he was made by an officer and sent to England to receive education. But the formed Galaktion was not wanted, but began, like his senior brother, drinking and walking and in the youthful age died. The fourth son is Ospin, a modest and quiet, who received, as we already told you, their surname for the observed serum, this Paul, was a pack, but also died early.
Losers and worthlessness were all the sons of Queen and Orlov. But the daughter of Natalia succeeded in glory. Natalia Alekseevna Alekseeva, she wore such surname, like Natasha Rostova, there were no shards of the vain, there was a beautiful blonde, a good mother and wife of the Russian general. It was believed that her life albeit modest, quiet, but very late and happy that a person, actually, and necessary.
One daughter, rumored, from Potemkin, was brought up, imitating his sixth niece.
Among the historians, the dear reader, walked Molva, as from Brother Gregory Orlova, Alexey, Ekaterina II, too, had a son. But there are no accurate data on this topic, so one vague assumptions. Actually, in the manifold of extramarital children of Catherine, it has no significant importance: one more, one less, what's the difference! All will bring up, people will give, the estates and the last name will give.
Grigory Orlov, on love joy the fast, will be the father of several other children from the Empress Freint. Two his illegitimate daughters from Freinin are known, about which the father did not care at all, so one of them, perturbed by such an attitude of his father to his own, decided to look for justice from the sovereign. I somehow slept her in the garden and rushed to your feet, complaining of my father, from whom I didn't know anything in infancy, and I didn't get the god, the dowry did not even die with the hunger. Catherine's great according to his kind nature, of course, this girl, triggered Orlov with her Freilina, supplied, but, frightened such scenes (EDAC, all the extramarital children of her favorites will begin to breed her in the garden and bid), forbidden to let me in the park of unauthorized persons, When she walks there with dogs. So the Mironova was lucky, that she had listed the queen in the park to this order, it would be a little later, to deceive her beloved Grineal in prison ducts.
And Grigory Orlov straight reached in his love adventures, did not give any rest to married women, eternally falling into the incident stories. So, once Senator Muromsov found his wife in bed with Gregory Orlov and raised a loud noise, demanding a divorce. Catherine was forced to intervene again and pushing his mouth with a horror spouse, giving him a wonderful estate in Livonia.
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Khoroshevsky Andrey Yuryevich
Ekaterina II Great (born in 1729 - mind. In 1796), the Russian Empress from 1762 to 1796, who came to power as a result of the state coup with it. Conducted policies of enlightened absolutism. According to the famous Russian historian N. M. Karamzin,
From the book Satyric history from Rurik to Revolution Author Orsher Joseph LvovichCatherine Great at the court of Catherine. The man began with an eagle. Each general, every courtly was an eagle. So they entered the history under the national pseudonym "Ekaterininsky Eagles". The head of the eagle was Nearlyruk and became famous for the fact that he was constantly gnawing the nails. His prince called him
From the book of the battle for Syria. From Babylon to Igil Author Wigsaw Alexander Borisovich From the book Great people who have changed the world Author Grigorova DarinaCatherine Great - the real Empress Ekaterina II entered the history of Russia as an empress-enlightened. It is considered the succession of Peter the Great. The story of Her Adventure of Melodramatic, and the details of her love relationship does not know only the lazy.
From the book state and spiritual leaders Author Artemov Vladislav VladimirovichCatherine II Great (1729-1796) Catherine II - Russian Empress, nicknamed Great, Rule of the country for more than 30 years. Sofia Frederick Augustus, who became Russian Empress Catherine II, was born on May 1, 1729 in Shteyne - one of the tiny German principalities. She received
From the book of a woman who changed the world Author Sklyarenko Valentina MarkovnaEkaterina II Great (born in 1729 - mind. In 1796), the Russian Empress from 1 to 1796 came to power as a result of the state coup with it. Conducted policies of enlightened absolutism. Leaving a large literary heritage consisting of
From the book 50 Heroes History by the author Kuchin Vladimir From the book Rus and her autocrat Author Anishkin Valery GeorgievichEkaterina II Alekseevna Great (r. 1729 - mind. 1796) Russian Empress (1762-1796). Before the baptism - Sofia-August-Frederick, the princess of a fraudulent German Ankhalt-Cyrus Principality, the wife of Peter III, Prince of Holstein Karl-Ulrich. Sophia-Frederick rose in a poor family and
From the book Russian royal and imperial house Author Bootroeev Vladimir VladimirovichEkaterina II Alekseevna Great Catherine was born on April 21, 1729 in Shatttin. Her mother accounted for a cousin Father Peter III, and Mother's brother was the fiance of Elizabeth Petrovna, but died to marriage. Father Catherine, Prince Anhalt Crsbst, was Pruss