Methodical development on literature
« battle of Borodino - the culmination of the novel "War and Peace"
The purpose of the lesson ... Prove that the Battle of Borodino is the culmination of the novel War and Peace.
Educational purpose. Fostering patriotic feelings among students, pride in the history of the Fatherland.
Lesson motto . “It is not for nothing that all of Russia remembers about Borodin's Day” (the motto of the lesson on the blackboard).
Equipment . The text of the novel "War and Peace", episodes from the movie "War and Peace", handouts (Comparative table No. 1. Comparative table No. 2), cards with questions in 2 versions.
Individual training . The message of the students about the victorious wars of Napoleon in Europe. Students report about the history of the icon of the Smolensk Mother of God.
During the classes.
1. Greetings
2. Organizational moment
3. Checking homework and reviewing.
4. Learning new material.
5. Summing up the lesson
6. Homework with an explanation.
7. Grading.
1. Declaring the purpose of the lesson. The motto of the lesson is written down in a notebook.
Teacher's word ... The purpose of today's lesson is to prove that the Battle of Borodino is the culmination of the entire novel, since the Russian troops won a moral victory, the offensive of the French troops actually drowned, during the battle the fate of most of the heroes of the novel crossed. Before we start talking about the course and preparation for battle, let us turn to the history of the Napoleonic wars in Europe.
Student report on Napoleon's victorious wars in Europe .
Teacher's word. Napoleon's huge army invaded the limits Russian Empire... Let's see what the nature of the war is at the first stage.
P. Reading and analysis of an excerpt from the novel (vol. 3, part 1, chapter 9).
Prince Andrey arrived at the army headquarters at the end of June. The troops of the first army, the one with which the sovereign was, were located in a fortified camp near Drissa; the troops of the second army were retreating, seeking to link up with the first army, from which - as they said - they were cut off by large forces of the French. Everyone was dissatisfied with the general course of military affairs in the Russian army; but no one thought about the danger of an invasion of the Russian provinces, no one even imagined that the war could be transferred further than the western Polish provinces.
Questions to the passage.
1. Does the army and the people recognize the war as Patriotic?
Teacher's word ... Let's analyze the attitude high society to military events.
S. Reading an excerpt from a novel (vol. 3, part 2, chapter 6).
Among the innumerable subdivisions that can be made in the phenomena of life, one can subdivide them all into those in which the content prevails, others in which the form predominates. These, in contrast to village, zemstvo, provincial, even Moscow life, include the life of St. Petersburg, especially the salon. This life is unchanging.
Since 1805 we have reconciled and quarreled with Bonaparte, we made constitutions and cut them up, and Anna Pavlovna's salon and Helen's salon were exactly the same as they were, one seven years ago, the other five years ago.
Questions to the passage.
1. Is patriotism manifested in high society?
2. How does the patriotism of high society evaluate?
Teacher's word ... Guys! We gave a description of the beginning of the war in 1812. At what point does war become popular? Why is the army enthusiastic about the appointment of Kutuzov?
Student responses .
Teacher's word . When Napoleon learned that Kutuzov had been appointed commander-in-chief, he told his generals: "Congratulations on the appointment of this old fox Kutuzov - now we should expect a general battle."
Question. Why do you think Napoleon moved his troops to Moscow, and not to St. Petersburg, where the country's political leadership was located?
Student response.
Let's see how both sides prepared for the upcoming battle. Let's listen to a message about the history of the Smolensk Mother of God.
Student report on the history of the icon of the Smolensk Mother of God.
1U. Viewing and analyzing the scene of the prayer service before the Battle of Borodino.
Questions about the episode.
1. How is Kutuzov depicted?
2. What is the morale of the troops?
3. What is the relationship between the army and the people?
Teacher's word ... Now let's see how Napoleon prepared for the upcoming battle.
W. Reading an excerpt from a novel (vol. 3, part 2, chapter 27).
All this day on August 25, as his historians say, Napoleon spent on horseback, examining the area, discussing the plans presented to him by his marshals, and personally giving orders to his generals. Napoleon rode across the field, gazed thoughtfully or incredulously at the area, shook his head with himself approvingly or incredulously, and, without informing the generals around him of the thoughtful move that guided his decisions, he passed them only final conclusions in the form of orders.
During the entire battle, Napoleon was so far from him that (as it turned out later) the course of the battle could not be known to him, and not a single order from him during the battle could be executed.
Questions to the passage.
1. Was there a unity between the army and Napoleon?
2. Did Napoleon, according to Tolstoy, influence the course of the battle?
Conclusion on the viewed episode and on the excerpt (note in a notebook).
The morale of the Russian army was extremely high; the army, people and commanders were united in their desire to win. There was no unity between the French army and Napoleon.
Y1. Kutuzov and Napoleon during the Battle of Borodino.
Comparative table No. 1
UP. Viewing and analyzing episodes of the Borodino battle. The scene of the wounding of Prince Andrey.
After viewing, a table is offered according to which students give answers to the questions:
1. Who is the most active participant in the battle?
2. Who is entrusted with the description of these events?
3. Why is Pierre entrusted with writing the events?
4. Why, in your opinion, Prince Andrew did not try to save himself?
Comparative table No. 2
Event participants |
|
1. Ch. 30 Pierre with Kutuzov's headquarters on the mound. Panorama of the beginning of the battle | Pierre, Kutuzov |
2.ch. 31 Pierre on the Raevsky battery | Pierre calculating the battery |
3. Ch. 32 The struggle for the Raevsky battery. Pierre leaves the battlefield | Pierre calculating the battery |
Chapter 4.Cap. 33 Napoleon at Borodin's Field | Napoleon |
5.ch. 34 Napoleon and his retinue are at a loss: the losses are enormous, the Russians are not retreating | Napoleon, retinue |
6.ch. 35 Kutuzov, management of the "spirit of the army" | Kutuzov, his entourage |
7. Ch. 36. The regiment of Prince Andrey is in reserve. The wound of Prince Andrew | Prince Andrew and his regiment |
8 ch. 37 Prince Andrey, Anatole in the tent for the wounded. Reconciliation of Prince Andrew with others | Prince Andrew, wounded |
Chapter 9 38 Tolstoy about Napoleon | |
10 ch. 39 Final climax - "the flame of the battle burned out" |
Conclusion on the table (writing in a notebook).
1. The author entrusted Pierre, a civilian, to relive the events and convey thoughts and feelings to the reader.
2. Active participants in the events are Russian soldiers and the commander Kutuzov.
USH. Reading an excerpt from a novel (vol. 3, part 2, chapter 39).
The moral strength of the French attacking army was exhausted. Not that victory, which is determined by the pieces of matter picked up on sticks called banners, and by the space on which the troops stood and are, but a moral victory, one that convinces the enemy of the moral superiority of his enemy and of his powerlessness, was won by the Russians under Borodin. (...) A direct consequence of the Battle of Borodino was Napoleon's unreasonable flight from Moscow, his return along the old Smolensk road, the death of the five hundred thousandth invasion and the death of Napoleonic France, on which the hand of the strongest enemy was laid for the first time at Borodino.
Output (entry in a notebook).
The battle of Borodino ended in a moral victory for the Russian army and the entire people. The compositional role of the Battle of Borodino in its scale and significance is the culminating point of the novel.
Teacher's word ... Later, while in exile, Napoleon wrote: “The most terrible of all my battles that I have ever fought was the battle I fought near Moscow. Under Borodino, the French gained the glory of being victors, and the Russians invincible. "
Homework ... Prepare quotation characteristics of Kutuzov and Napoleon.
Grading. The lesson is over.
Do not be the will of the Lord,
They wouldn't give Moscow away ...
M.Yu.Lermontov
Having studied the epic novel by Leo Tolstoy "War and Peace", many historians argue that Tolstoy allowed himself to distort some facts of the Patriotic War of 1812. This applies to the Battle of Austerlitz and the Battle of Borodino. Indeed, the Battle of Borodino in the novel "War and Peace" by Tolstoy is described in sufficient detail, which allows one to study historical events through the pages of the novel. However, historians agree that the main battle of the entire Patriotic War of 1812 was precisely Borodinskoye. It was this that caused the victory of the Russians over the French army. It was this that became decisive.
The course of the Borodino battle
Let's open the novel by Leo Tolstoy, volume three, part two, chapter nineteen, where we will read: “Why was the Battle of Borodino given? It didn't make the slightest sense to either the French or the Russians. The closest result was and should be - for the Russians, that we are close to the death of Moscow ... and for the French, that they are close to the death of the entire army ... This result was then quite obvious, but meanwhile Napoleon gave, and Kutuzov accepted this is a battle. "
As Tolstoy describes, on August 24, 1812, Napoleon did not see the troops of the Russian army from Utitsa to Borodino, but accidentally "stumbled" on the Shevardinsky redoubt, where he had to start a battle. The positions of the left flank were weakened by the enemy, and the Russians lost the Shevardinsky redoubt, and Napoleon moved his troops across the Kolocha River. On August 25, no action was taken from either side. And on August 26, the Battle of Borodino took place. In the novel, the writer even shows readers a map - the location of the French and Russian sides - for a clearer picture of everything that happens.
Battle of Borodino in Tolstoy's assessment
Tolstoy does not hide his misunderstanding of the senselessness of the actions of the Russian army and gives his assessment of the Battle of Borodino in War and Peace: “The Battle of Borodino did not take place in a chosen and fortified position with the then somewhat weaker Russian forces, and the Battle of Borodino, due to the loss of the Shevardinsky redoubt, It was accepted by the Russians in an open, almost unfortified area with twice the weakest forces against the French, that is, in such conditions in which it was not only impossible to fight for ten hours and make the battle indecisive, but it was unthinkable to keep the army from complete defeat for three hours and escape. "
Heroes in the battle of Borodino
Description of the Battle of Borodino is given in chapters 19-39 of the second part of the third volume. At the same time, not only a description of military operations is given. Tolstoy pays great attention to the reflections of our heroes. He shows Andrei Bolkonsky on the eve of the battle. His thoughts are agitated, and he himself is somewhat annoyed, experiencing a strange excitement before the battle. He thinks about love, remembering all the important moments of his life. He confidently says to Pierre Bezukhov: “Tomorrow, whatever it is, we will win the battle!
Captain Timokhin tells Bolkonsky: “Why feel sorry for yourself now! The soldiers in my battalion, believe me, did not drink vodka: not such a day, they say. " Pierre Bezukhov came to the mound, where they were preparing for battle, and was horrified to discover the war "firsthand". He sees the peasant militias and looks at them in bewilderment, to which Boris Drubetskoy explains to him: “The militias - they just put on clean, white shirts to prepare for death. What heroism, Count! "
Napoleon's behavior is also thought provoking. He is nervous and the last day before the battle is “out of sorts”. Probably, Napoleon understands that this battle will be decisive for him. He seems to be unsure of his army and something calls him into question. In the very course of the Battle of Borodino, Napoleon sits on the mound near Shevardino and drinks punch. Why did the writer show it at such a moment? What did you want to show? Pettiness and indifference to your soldiers, or the special tactics of a great strategist and self-confidence? At least for us - readers - everything becomes clear: Kutuzov would never allow himself such behavior in a general battle. Napoleon showed his isolation from the people, where he is and where his army is. He showed all his superiority over both the Russians and the French. He did not condescend to take a sword and join the battle. He watched everything from the side. I watched how people kill each other, how the Russians smash the French and vice versa, but thought only about one thing - the authorities.
About the words of Kutuzov (order to battle), Tolstoy says: "... what Kutuzov said, flowed ... from the feeling that lay in the soul of the commander-in-chief, as well as in the soul of every Russian person." For him, the significance of the Battle of Borodino was truly the outcome of the entire war. A man who felt everything that was happening to his soldiers probably could not think differently. Borodino was lost for him, but he knew somehow inner feelingthat the war is not over yet. Could it be called Kutuzov's calculation when, having allowed Napoleon to enter Moscow, he signed the death warrant to the Emperor of France. He condemns the French army to complete devastation. He exhausts them with hunger, cold and leads them to flight from Moscow. Kutuzov is helped in this by nature, and the Russian spirit, and in victory, and faith in strength, albeit weakened, but still alive, and great partisan movementwhich the people unfolded.
findings
After conducting a small analysis of this episode, I conclude that Kutuzov recognized the great power of the Russian people, which led Russia to victory. It does not matter whether it is a calculation or pure chance, but the Battle of Borodino was the outcome of the entire war of 1812. Briefly enough, I wrote some important, in my opinion, quotes that confirm this idea.
In my essay on the topic “The Battle of Borodino in the novel“ War and Peace ”I tried to reveal the significance of the Battle of Borodino in the assessment of Leo Tolstoy, in his understanding of the meaning of this military operation. And also the significance of the Battle of Borodino in the fates of the main characters of the novel.
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Battle of Borodino in the novel "War and Mi
The picture of the Battle of Borodino is a picture of the incredible feat of the Russian army. Tolstoy ends the story about Borodin with the words: “Napoleon was not the only one who experienced that dreamlike feeling that the terrible sweep of the arm was falling powerlessly, but everyone experienced the same feeling of horror in front of that enemy, who, having lost half of the army, stood as menacing at the end as at the beginning of the battle, the moral strength of the French attacking army was exhausted, a moral victory, the one that convinces the enemy of the moral superiority of his enemy and his powerlessness, was won by the Russians at Borodino.
The French invasion, like an angry beast that received a mortal wound in its run, felt its destruction, it had to die, bleeding from the mortal wound inflicted at Borodino. A direct consequence of the Battle of Borodino was the groundless flight of Napoleon from Moscow and the death of Napoleonic France, on which the hand of the strongest enemy was laid for the first time near Borodino. "
Borodin's Day is a bright and solemn day in excess of the Russian people, a day of a great nationwide feat. With each passing minute, the soldiers surrendered themselves more and more to an inspired patriotic impulse, driven by the consciousness of the cruel need to defend their homeland. "On all faces shone ... the latent warmth of feeling." "As from an approaching thundercloud, more and more often, brighter and brighter, the lightning of a hidden, flaring fire flashed on the faces of all these people."
On the eve of the Battle of Borodino, Andrei Bolkonsky explained to Pierre Bezukhov that the success of tomorrow depends not on the “orders of the headquarters,” but on the direct participants in the battle, on the moral state of the army, “on the feeling that is in me, In him,” he pointed to Timokhin , - in every soldier. " Explaining his belief in the victory of the Russians, Andrei said: The French have ruined my house and are going to ravage Moscow, they have insulted and insulted me every second. She is my enemies, they are all criminals according to my ideas. And Timokhin and the whole army think the same. We must execute them. "
Consciousness of the common cause united Russian soldiers and officers and generals close to them. From the explanations of Andrei Bolkonsky, Pierre understood “that latent, as they say in physics, warmth of patriotism” which manifests itself at the moment of meeting with the enemy and does not need external stimulation, orders and disciplinary coercion. Even in the third Sevastopol story, Tolstoy comes to the recognition of those hidden forces of patriotism, which are hidden for the time being in the souls of Russian people. In their ordinary life, they can surrender to petty passions, selfish selfish impulses, but in a moment of danger, one cannot doubt their valor: “... each of these people will happily and proudly go to meet death and die firmly and calmly ... At the bottom of everyone's soul lies that noble spark that will make him a hero: but this spark gets tired of burning brightly - the fateful moment will come, it will burst into flame and illuminate great deeds ”
Tolstoy ends the epic with the glorification of the Russian people's war - cruel and merciless and at the same time heroic, defensive and therefore fair. The partisan war that broke out immediately after the retreat from Smolensk expresses with particular force the nationwide aspiration of the people to victory over the enemy: “... the club of the people's war rose with all its formidable and majestic strength and, without asking anyone's tastes and rules, with stupid simplicity , but with expediency, without disassembling anything, it rose, fell and nailed the French until 1, until the entire invasion had died. "
In War and Peace, Tolstoy loved popular thought. “For a work to be good, one must love the main, basic idea in it,” Tolstoy said on March 3, 1877. “So, in Anna Karenina I love family thought, in War and Peace I loved popular thought, as a result of the war of 1812 ...” 15 The true heroes of this war were simple people: Tushin, Timokhin, Dokhturov, Konovnitsyn and countless soldiers, whose heroism, according to N. N. Strakhov, is "passive, calm, patient." Their undoubted greatness was reflected in their ability to maintain mental balance, a sense of tact and the power of reason even at the moment of mortal danger, their extreme internal tension was expressed only in a feeling of flaring spiritual fire associated with a readiness to cleanse the Russian land from the invasion of the French. Only Kutuzov could become the leader of this people's just war, carrying a people's moral feeling in his chest. "This simple, modest and therefore truly majestic figure could not lie down in that deceitful form of the European hero, ostensibly controlling people, which history has invented." The same, NN Strakhov believes, should be said about all Russian people, direct participants in the militia: "The entire Russian mental structure is simpler, more modest, represents that harmony, that balance of forces, which alone agree with true greatness ..."
The war of 1812 was glorified by Tolstoy as a national feat, but the war was also condemned by Tolstoy from a high moral standpoint. On the eve of the Battle of Borodino, Andrei Bolkonsky says to Pierre: “War is not a courtesy, but the most disgusting thing in life, and one must understand this and not play war. This dire necessity must be taken strictly and seriously. The purpose of the war is murder, the weapons of war are espionage, treason and its encouragement, ruining the inhabitants, robbing them or stealing for the food of the army; deception and lies called military tricks; the morals of the military class - lack of freedom, that is, discipline, idleness, ignorance, cruelty, debauchery, drunkenness. And despite the fact, this is the upper class, revered by all. "
The pictures of the Borodino battle end with pictures of the mass destruction of people. "No, now they will leave it, now they will be horrified at what they have done!" thought Pierre, aimlessly following the crowds of stretchers moving from the battlefield. The objectively author's narration says: “Clouds gathered, and began to drizzle on the dead, on the wounded, on the frightened and on the exhausted, and on the doubting people. It was as if he were saying, “Enough, enough, people. Stop ... come to your senses. What are you doing?". Both the Russians and the French "began to equally doubt whether they should still exterminate each other." Experiencing horror and mental shock, they naturally come to the thought: "Why, for whom should I kill and be killed?"
This is how the protest of moral feelings against the shedding of human blood is manifested.
Pierre in captivity and Marshal Davout, "known for his cruelty", also ultimately unite by belonging to the human race. "For a few seconds they looked at each other, and this look saved Pierre ... Both of them at that moment vaguely felt the countless number of things and realized that they were children of humanity, that they were brothers."
Introduction. Who is Pierre Bezukhov?
Pierre Bezukhov is one of the many heroes of Leo Tolstoy's epic novel War and Peace, the illegitimate son of a wealthy and noble nobleman, who was recognized as heir in high society only after his father's death. He spent his childhood and youth abroad, and when he appeared in society, he attracted attention by the absurdity of his behavior.
For the first time we meet Pierre in the living room of Anna Scherer. The writer draws our attention to the appearance of the person who entered: a massive, fat young man with an intelligent and at the same time timid, observant and natural look, which distinguished him from everyone in this living room. Even Pierre's smile is not the same as that of others ... When a smile came, his serious face suddenly disappeared and another appeared - childish, kind.
In Pierre, there is a constant struggle between the spiritual and the sensual, the inner, moral essence of the hero contradicts his way of life. On the one hand, it is full of noble, freedom-loving thoughts, the origins of which date back to the era of the Enlightenment and french revolution... Pierre is an admirer of Rousseau, Montesquieu, who captivated him with the ideas of universal equality and the re-education of man. On the other hand, Pierre participates in revelry in the company of Anatol Kuragin, and here a riotous lordly beginning manifests itself in him.
Tolstoy conveyed the battle of Borodino through the eyes of Pierre.
The battle of Borodino is described in the novel as Pierre saw it. Before that, he had heard about the role of the military plan, about the importance of the correctly chosen position, but the hero understood little in military affairs.
Borodino field before the battle " bright sun, fog, distant forests, golden fields and copses, the smoke of shots "correlates with the mood and thoughts of Pierre, causing him some kind of elation, a feeling of beauty and greatness of what is happening.
Pierre knew that it was impossible to stay in Moscow, he had to go. He wanted to see with his own eyes what was to decide his fate and the fate of all of Russia. And also he was supposed to see Prince Andrew, who could explain what was happening to him.
Prince Andrei is cold when he meets: Pierre reminds him of his former life, of his wife and Natasha Rostova. But after talking, Prince Andrew explains to his interlocutor the state of affairs in the army. He considers it a blessing to remove Barclay and the subsequent appointment of Kutuzov: "While Russia was healthy, a stranger could serve her, and there was an excellent minister, but as soon as she is in danger, she needs her own, dear person."
Tolstoy shows what people thought and felt at the height of the war, when Napoleon's troops inevitably approached Moscow. Prince Andrew understands that Barclay is not a traitor, he is an honest military man, and it is not his fault if the army and the people trust Kutuzov and not him. After Austerlitz, Prince Andrew can no longer believe the orders of the headquarters, he says to Pierre: “Believe me ... if it depended on the orders of the headquarters, I would have been there and would have made orders, instead I have the honor of serving here in the regiment , here with these gentlemen, and I think that tomorrow will really depend on us, and not on them ... "
Pierre convinces Bolkonsky that the Russians will certainly win. “Tomorrow, whatever it may be,” he says, “we will definitely win the battle!” And Timokhin completely agrees with him, who knows that the soldiers even refused to drink vodka before the battle, because it is “not such a day”.
For Prince Andrei, Kutuzov is a man who understands that the success of a voyka depends "on the feeling that is in me, in him," he pointed to Timokhin, "in every soldier."
After this conversation, “the question that is from Mozhaiskaya mountain and in full! this day worried Pierre, now seemed to him completely clear and completely resolved ... He understood that latent ... warmth of patriotism, which was in all those people whom he saw, and which explained to him why all these people were calm and how as if frivolously preparing for death. "
Pierre tries to be helpful:
"The face of the senior officer was red and sweaty, frowning eyes glittered. -
Run to the reserves, bring the boxes! - he shouted, angrily avoiding Pierre
and speaking to his soldier.
I'll go, ”said Pierre. The officer, not answering him, with big steps
went the other way. "
But he always fails: "Where am I?" - he suddenly remembered, already running up to the green boxes. He hesitated whether to go back or forward. Suddenly a terrible shock threw him back to the ground. At the same moment shine big fire lit it, and at the same instant there was a deafening thunder, ringing in the ears, crackling and whistling. "
“The general, after whom Pierre was galloping, having gone downhill, turned sharply to the left, and Pierre, having lost sight of him, jumped into the ranks of infantry soldiers ... Why is he driving in the middle of the battalion! one shouted at him ... He never thought that there was a battlefield here. He did not hear the sounds of bullets squealing from all directions, and shells flying over him, did not see the enemy who was on the other side of the river, and for a long time did not see the dead and wounded, although many fell not far from him ... That this one drives in front of the line ? - someone shouted at him again ... "
Clumsy, of enormous stature, in a white hat, at first he unpleasantly struck the soldiers, but then with his calmness he endeared them to himself. “These soldiers immediately mentally took Pierre into their family, appropriated and gave him the nickname“ Our master ”.
By the will of fate, Pierre ended up on the "Rayevsky battery" and it "seemed to him that this place (precisely because he was on it) was one of the most significant places of the battle."
The battery was constantly passing from one army to another. Pierre does not stand aside and tries to help his own people as much as possible. He is very scared of what is happening: "Pierre, not remembering himself from fear, jumped up and ran back to the battery, as to the only refuge from all the horrors that surrounded him."
The armies fought for many hours, the advantage was always the Russians and the French.
Pierre examines the picture of the field twice: before the battle and during the battle. Before the battle, Tolstoy shows us a beautiful landscape and animation among the soldiers. Pierre saw this picture in all its glory: he immediately wanted to be downstairs and be there, among his Russians. And when he is there, he feels the full strength of the strength of the national unity in the face of the enemy.
Prepared by: Sizenko Valeria
student of 10 "A" class
Lukhovitskaya high school №1
Teacher: Burmistrova
Lyudmila Mikhailovna
The exposition is located in the building of the former hotel of the Spaso-Borodinsky Monastery, where in 1867 the author of the epic novel "War and Peace" famous work world fiction about the era of the Napoleonic wars. The historical interior of the hotel has not survived, it has been transformed into a museum space, which tells the story of the author of the novel and the heroes of twenty Borodino chapters.
In the first hall L.N. Tolstoy is presented both as an artillery officer, a participant in hostilities in the Caucasus and Crimea, and as an aspiring writer who gave priority to military themes in his work, striving "with all the forces of his soul" to a truthful description of events and phenomena. The chapters of the novel War and Peace, dedicated to its culminating point - the Battle of Borodino, were rewritten by the writer several times. In order to achieve the most reliable description of battle scenes and landscapes of the field, Tolstoy arrived in Borodino. For two days, September 26 and 27, he “walked and drove through the area where more than a hundred thousand people had died half a century before, took notes and drew a battle plan ...”. Returning to Moscow, Tolstoy told his wife: "I will write such a battle of Borodino, which has never happened." Books, photographs, graphic sheets, reproductions of the writer's manuscripts, finds from the battlefield tell about the preliminary work on the novel, including a trip to Borodino, the details of which can be found in the multimedia program.
The story of "a battle that has never happened before" is described in the second hall. It is filled with images of historical characters and fictional heroes of the novel who took part in the hostilities on the Borodino field in August 1812. First of all, these are the commanders-in-chief of the armies M.I. Kutuzov and Napoleon. Most of the generals of both armies mentioned in the Borodino chapters are represented here. Portraits of historical characters and quotes from the novel reflect the artful interweaving of historical realities and fiction that underlies the panorama of a grandiose battle. The well-known images of Pierre Bezukhov and Andrei Bolkonsky are shown in the hall with illustrations and Borodino pages of the novel in the context of battle graphics and genuine items of weapons, equipment, and personal belongings of the participants in the battle. It also reflects the second life of the heroes of the novel "War and Peace", which they received thanks to small books with individual chapters of the novel, published during the Great Patriotic War, the opera of the same name by S.S. Prokofiev and S.F. Bondarchuk.
The conclusion of the writer Tolstoy about the moral victory of the Russian army at Borodino was and remains undeniable.
The exhibition “Heroes of the novel“ War and Peace ”on the Borodino Field” was opened in the year of the 140th anniversary of the completion of the full book publication of the novel and is dedicated to the 200th anniversary of Russia's victory in Patriotic War 1812 year.
- State Borodino military history museum reserve
The author of the project is E.V. Semenischeva
Scientific adviser - Honored Worker of Culture of the Russian Federation A.V. Gorbunov
Research fellows-exhibitors - E.A. Rogacheva, V.N. Fedorov, S.N. Khomchenko - LLC Studio "Museum-Design"
The author of the artistic concept, the artistic director of the project is Honored Artist of the Russian Federation A.N. Konov
Designers - V.E. Voitsekhovsky, A.M. Hassel
Exposition graphics - D.S. Rudko - LLC "Intmedia"
Video support and technical support - E.V. Kamenskaya, A.A. Lazebny