A.P. Chekhov once splendidly said: "In fact, for an intelligent person, speaking badly should be considered as indecent as not being able to read and write." And one cannot but agree with this. A person learns to speak from the first days of his life: first he isolates his name from the general cacophony of surrounding sounds, then the words that are pronounced most often. Later, the child begins to reproduce words, repeating them exactly as he hears from close people.
But, unfortunately, not everything that we learn from others meets the norms. native language! Science is intended to help understand the rules of pronunciation orthoepy (greek orthós - "correct" and épos - "word"), one of the sections of which is the study of the placement of stress in Russian speech.
Words to remember with stress
Look into the spelling dictionary, and you will be surprised to find out how many mistakes we all make in our everyday speech! Here and there we hear ugly every day: “n ABOUT nyala "," vz I la "," sn I la ".
Cake AND x or t ABOUT mouth But, after all, you just need to remember one simple rule: In verbs female in the form of the past tense, the ending -а... Remember and enjoy the correct pronunciation of words like: understood AND , stripped off AND , took AND , lied AND , lied AND , waited AND , drove AND , took AND , called AND .
There are not so many exceptions to remember: Art ANDla, sl AND la, cr AND la, cl AND la and all words with a prefix you- (you drink - in S saw, in S whip - in S zero).
Another pitfall is the use of plural nouns. Here, a mistake lies in wait for us even at the stage of education. plural... For some reason, many people turn the word "dog ABOUT p "in" contract AND ", And" professor "and" doctor "turn into monstrous" professor AND "And" doctor AND ". In fact, everything " easier than a steamed turnip»:
- Most masculine plural nouns end in -ы.
- The ending is always unstressed!
Do you remember? Now you should have no problem with words like: aerop ABOUT rt - aerop ABOUT mouths, prof E quarrel - prof E quarrels, d ABOUT ktor - d ABOUT ctor, bow - b AND nty, scarf - w AND RF, Great Danes ABOUT p - Great Danes ABOUT ry, lift - l AND ft,, buhg AND lter - buhg AND lters
We are all proud that the Russian language is rightfully considered one of the richest languages \u200b\u200bin the world. But the penetration of foreign words into speech is an inevitable and completely natural phenomenon. Few people know that in true Russian there are no words starting with the letter " AND «.
Most words starting with the first letter of the alphabet AND that is of Greek origin, and some came to us from Turkic (for example: watermelon, arshin, argamak). The fashion for the use of the French language among the upper class, which began during the reign of Empress Elizabeth Petrovna and ended during the Napoleonic Wars, has enriched our speech with a huge number of gallicisms.
The current generation is observing how the Russian language is actively enriched with words of English origin. Alien words that have settled in our dictionaries, for the most part, retain the stress in their usual place.
So for French borrowings, the stress falls on the last syllable, for Latin - on the penultimate. It is best to check the correctness of stress in words of foreign origin using dictionaries, but those words that are tightly included in our everyday life must be remembered: the alphabet AND t, apost ABOUT f, def AND with, blind AND , rolled ABOUT g, necrol ABOUT g, quart AND l, part E p, esp E rt, fet AND w, f ABOUT rzats, fax ANDmile.
You should also remember the norms for setting stress in the following adjectives: Have honny, sl AND new, gr Have shevy, ukraine AND nskiy, mosaic AND chny, wholesale ABOUT oh, long ago AND shny.
The most popular words with stress in the Olympiads
Learning how to place stress correctly can be a fun experience. Often, knowledge of the rules of the Russian language is not enough. Many accents only need to be memorized by referring to special orthoepic dictionaries.
When preparing high school students for passing the exam usually asked to study up to 500 of the most common word forms, which can cause difficulties with the correct setting of stress, but their number is not limited to this. Studying the norms of stress is a laborious process, but the result can exceed all expectations: our speech will not be full of illiterate I la "," pr ABOUT cents "," contract AND ”, Which means we will not be ashamed in front of the classics of Russian literature.
BANTS, motionless. stress on the 1st syllable
borod, vin.p., only in this singular form, stress on the 1st syllable
buhgAlterov, genus ov.mn.ch., fixed, stress on the 2nd syllable
creed, from faith to confess
citizenship
dispensary, the word comes from the English. lang. Through the French language, where is the blow. always on last syllable
agreement
document
leisure
heretic
blinds AND, from French. lang. where the blow. always on the last syllable
eminence, from adj. significant
monolOg, necrolOg, etc.
quarter, from it. lang., where the stress is on the 2nd syllable
kilometer, in a row with the words: centimeter, decimeter, millimeter ...
cones, cones, immobile. Stress on the 1st syllable in all cases in singular. and many others h.
greed
flint, flint, blow. in all forms on the last syllable, as in the word fire
skiing
localities, genus. plural, in a row with the word form of honors, jaws ... but news
garbage pipe, in the same row with the words gas pipeline, oil pipeline, water pipeline
intention
growth
not a friend
malaise
necrolOg, see catalog
hatred
NEWS, NEWS, BUT: SEE LOCATIONS
But it is, but it is motionless. stress in all singular forms
PARTNER FROM FR. lang. where the blow. always on the last syllable
portfolio
handrails
dowry
revocation (of the ambassador), convocation, but: revocation (for publication)
beet
orphans, n.p.mn.ch., accent in all plural forms. only on the 2nd syllable
sredstva, named after p.mn.ch.
Convocation, see Convocation
a statue
stolYar, along with the words malYar, doYar, shkolYar ...
there fire
cakes, cakes
cement
centner
chain
scarves, see bows
chauffeur, in a row with the words: kioskier, controller ...
SHOOT-SHOOT
take-take
take it, take it
turn on-turn on
turn on, turn on
IN-IN-IN
break in-break in
perceive-perceived
RECREATE-RECREATE
hand over
chase-drove
chase-chased
kind-kind
get it-got it
wait-wait
dial-call
will call
dose
wait-waited
live-live
seal up
borrowed, borrowed
occupied, occupied
LOCK-LOCKED
lock-locked (with a key, lock, etc.)
call-callA, call, call, call, call
exhaust
CLASS-CLALA
glue
hiding - hiding
lie-lie
pour-lilA
pouring-pouring
lie-lie
endow-endow
overstrain-overstrain
name-named
roll-roll
pour-pour
NARVAT-NARWAL
shit-shit
start, start, start, start
call-call
doused-doused
hug-hugged
overtake-overtook
cheer up-skinned
encourage
cheer up-cheer up
sharpen
lend-lend
to anger
cover
surround-surround
to seal, along with the words to form, normalize, sort, reward ...
send
refresh-refresh
depart-depart
give-give
open up-open
revoke-recalled
recall-recalled
call back - call back
overflow-overflow
fruit
Repeat-Repeat
call-call
call-call-call-call
WATER-WATER
put-put
understand-understand
SEND-SEND
compel
to tear-tore
DRILL-DRILL-DRILL-DRILL
take off
CREATE-CREATE
pluck-plucked
sort-sort
REMOVE-REMOVE
accelerate
deepen
strengthen-strengthen
scoop
pinch-pinch
click
bingoschool.ru
Dates
- graduated from school in 2017;
The main stages of the exam
Video tutorialabout stress in Russian:
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2018god.net
Dictionary of stress for the exam 2018
- Dictionary of stress
- Orthoepic vocabulary for the exam
In the fifth task on the exam in the Russian language, it is required to put stress in words. FIPI has issued an orthoepic dictionary to help students. The orthoepic vocabulary for the exam 2018 includes:
- General information about Russian stress;
- Peculiarities of Russian stress are different places and mobility;
- Reference material on the patterns of stressing in words different parts speech:
- Accents in adjectives
- Accents in verbs
- Stress in some participles and participles
- List of words for assignments on the Unified State Exam of the part of speech noun, adjective, verb, participle, gerunds, adverb.
Download the PDF version of the spelling dictionary for 2018. Download
Or the 2017 vocabulary. Download
List of words from the vocabulary in the form of pictures.
Nouns
Adjectives
Verbs
Communion
Gerunds
Adverbs
accentonline.ru
| AND agent alphabet airports, named after p. plural B spoiled, pr. pamper indulge Pet (fate) pampering banty, named after p.mn.ch beOrod, wine.p. units. took took bookkeeper, family p. pln IN verba correct religion took a take it included included include will include turn on poured in investing during rushed in took recreated hand over D drove chasing citizenship D long-standing hyphen dispensary wHITE good got it delivered to the top agreement waited will call will call dose red-hot document donElzya to the bottom leisure dry milker E heretic F blinds AND, Wed and plural waited lived Z imported imported envy folded zagoda having sealed seal up occupied took occupied busy busy settled locked dawn | in the dark called call calls call significance significant winterer AND spoiled sincere X imperial instinct exclude Since ancient times having exhausted exhaust TO catalog quarter kilometer clala glue cones, cones feeding greed krAla covered cRANES more beautiful most beautiful flint, flint rolls bleeding bleed kitchen L lied lecturers, lecturers genus. plural lILA lil dexterity skiing M localities genus. pln mosaic supplicant garbage chute H navErh lied will endow for a long time tore who clicked acquired profited-remove called tilting poured poured poured intention hired narwhal growth shit started began sTARTED bEGINNING tHE STARTED beginning sTARTED to begin sTARTED not a friend malaise obituary | hatred inappropriately relegated nEWS, NEWS nOgtya, genus n singular normalize ABOUT security calls will facilitate facilitate doused hugged overtook ripped off encourage encouraged encouraged encouraged cheer up sharpened sharpen lent to anger cover will surround sEAL dispatched defined wholesale get refreshed, you will be satisfied departed gave giving Feedback (for publication) disconnected opened withdrew withdrew Adolescence P pARTNER call back refill bear fruit repeated divided raising called call, call polished put put realizing who understood understood understood portfolio handrails sent (you're right honors (she is right arrival arrived arrived has arrived dowry appeal took took compel cured accepted accepted tamed resident vision percent | R tore FROM beet dRILLS drill (she) serA (you) sirs orphans plum took off filmed bent created created cONVENING SORTS sredstva, named after p.mn.ch. by means a statue tableYar (she is) slim It is) strict (you) are strict T |
saharina.ru
|
dash, from German, where the stress is on the 2nd syllable cheapness dispensary, the word comes from the English. lang. across through French, where the blow. always on last syllable agreement document blinds AND, from French. lang. where the blow. always on last syllable eminence, from adj. significant Iksy, them. plural, fixed stress katalOg, in a row with the words dialOg, monolOg, necrolOg, etc. quarter, from it. lang., where the stress is on the 2nd kilometer, in line with words centimeters, decimeters, millimeters ... cones, cones, immobile. stress on the 1st syllable in all cases in singular. and many others h. cRANES, motionless. stress on the 1st syllable flint, flint, blow. in all forms on the last syllable, as in the word fire lecturers, lecturers, see word bow (s) localities, genus, mn.ch., on a par with word form of honors, jaws ... but terrain |
Boyhood, from Boy - teenager pARTNER FROM FR. lang. where the blow. always on last syllable portfolio dowry calling, along with the words calling, recall (of the ambassador), convocation, but: publication) orphans, n.p.mn.ch., stress in all forms plural only on the 2nd syllable sredstva, named after p.mn.ch. convocation, see Convocation tableYar, in a row with the words MalYar, doYar, schoolYar ... cakes, cakes scarves, see bows chauffeur, along with the words kioskier, controller… expert, from French. lang., where the stress is always on the last syllable |
vernA, brief appendix. r. significant more beautiful, adj. and adverb in compare Art. most beautiful, superior art. kitchen dexterity, short app. r. |
mosaic serendipity, short supplement r., in one along with the words smudge, fuss, chatter ... but: voracious lAYER, formed from LAYER |
pamper, along with words pamper, spoil, spoil ..., but: the baloon of fate take-take sHOOT-SHOOT take-take take it, take it turn on-turn on turn on, turn on iN-IN-IN break in-break in perceive-perceived recreate-recreate hand over chase-chase chase-chased kind-kind get it-got it wait-wait dial-call will call dose wait-waited live-live seal up borrowed, borrowed occupied, occupied lOCK-LOCKED lOCKED-LOCKED (with a key, a lock and call-call call, call, call, exhaust cLASS-CLALA hiding - hiding lie-lie pour-lilA pouring-pouring lie-lie endow-endow overstrain-overstrain name-named roll-roll pour-pour nARVAT-NARWAL shit-shit start, start, start, start |
call-call make it easier doused-doused hug-hugged overtake-overtook cheer up-skinned encourage cheer up-cheer up sharpen lend-lend to anger surround-surround to seal, along with the words to form, normalize, sort, reward ... send refresh-refresh depart-depart give-give open up-open revoke-recalled recall-recalled call back - call back overflow-overflow fruit repeat-Repeat call-call call-call-call-call wATER-WATER put-put understand-understand sEND-SEND arrive-arrived-arrived take-take-take-take compel tear-tear dRILL-DRILL-DRILL-DRILL take off cREATE-CREATE pluck-plucked sort-sort rEMOVE-REMOVE accelerate deepen strengthen-strengthen pinch-pinch, pinch |
ballroom on-on, see demoted delivered folded busy-busy locked-locked inhabited-inhabited spoiled, see spoiled feeding bleeding who clicked haunted-acquired poured-poured hired tHE STARTED |
brought down-brought down, see included ... encouraged-encouraged-encouraged sharpened definite-definite disconnected repeated divided who understood cured tamed resident filmed-filmed bent |
poznaemvmeste.ru
Orthoepic minimum of the USE 2018
Single state exam in Russian is compulsory for school graduates. Many schoolchildren are sure that it will not be difficult to pass it, since for the majority Russian is their native language. Despite this, we still recommend that you show responsibility and devote several hours to studying the rules and repeating orthoepic norms.
Dates
The main stage of the USE in the Russian language will traditionally begin at the end of May and will last until early June 2018.
An early stage will take place from mid-March to mid-April. You can pass the exam in advance:
- graduated from school in 2017;
- received a certificate instead of a certificate of secondary education;
- evening school graduates;
- planning to continue their studies abroad;
- applicants in 2018 who completed the curriculum in advance;
- schoolchildren who, during the main stage of the exam, must participate in events of all-Russian or international importance;
- 11th graders who require treatment or rehabilitation on the date of the main exam.
At the beginning of September, students who have received a low score or who have missed the USE due to a valid reason are allowed to take the exam (documentary confirmation is required).
The main stages of the exam
Each ticket includes 26 tasks, including test questions and writing an essay for a given topic... Next year, it is planned to add a task that will reveal knowledge of lexical norms. Since 2016 in Russian Academy Educations are increasingly talking about the need to introduce the “Speaking” stage into the exam.
It is possible that in 2018, in addition to all of the above, schoolchildren will be tested the ability to orally express their thoughts, draw conclusions and argue their position.
What words are included in the orthoepic minimum of the exam
One of the differences between the Russian language and others is that the stress in words can fall on a different syllable, and not, as, for example, in French - only on the last one. Therefore, only a few can correctly emphasize words. To successfully pass the orthoepic minimum in the Russian language, you will have to memorize about 300 words.
A complete list of words that are included in the orthoepic minimum of the exam 2018 can be found on the FIPI website. We will list only those that cause difficulties for the majority of schoolchildren: alphabet, airports, bands, verba, religion, on time, long-standing, dispensary, up, call, down, blinds, obviously, spoiled, old, old, quarter, rolled garbage chute, lighten, seal, wholesale, adolescence, partner, rights, dowry, drills, orphans, slave, tools, carpenter, cakes, chain, scarves.
How to get the maximum score
The first part of the ticket consists of 25 tasks. Successful completion will allow you to get 34 points, which is 59% of the total uSE result In Russian. Task number 26 is an essay, the maximum score for it is 24 points, that is, the remaining 41%. Responsible preparation for the exam, concentration during it and confidence in your own strengths and knowledge will help you get the highest score.
Video tutorialabout stress in Russian:
Job catalog.
Training and diagnostic work
Take a test on these tasks
Return to the catalog of tasks
Version for printing and copying in MS Word
doused
will call
living
The mistake was made in the word "got it". Correct accent "who made it".
Answer: the one who made it.
Answer: made
Relevance: 2016-2017
Difficulty: normal
locked
Nouns
citizenship cheapness agreement document eminence, from adj. significant obituary | intention necrolOg, see catalog hatred portfolio dowry sredstva, them. n. pl. h. convocation, see Convocation cakes, cakes scarves, see bows |
Adjectives
Verbs
take-take sHOOT-SHOOT take-take take it, take it turn on-turn on turn on, turn on iN-IN-IN break in-break in perceive-perceived recreate-recreate hand over chase-chase chase-chased kind-kind get it-got it wait-wait dial-call will call dose wait-waited live-live seal up borrowed, borrowed occupied, occupied lOCK-LOCKED call-call call, call, call, exhaust cLASS-CLALA hiding - hiding lie-lie pour-lilA pouring-pouring lie-lie endow-endow overstrain-overstrain name-named roll-roll pour-pour nARVAT-NARWAL shit-shit start, start, start, start call-call make it easier doused-doused | hug-hugged overtake-overtook cheer up-skinned encourage cheer up-cheer up sharpen lend-lend to anger surround-surround reward ... send refresh-refresh depart-depart give-give open up-open revoke-recalled recall-recalled call back - call back overflow-overflow fruit repeat-Repeat call-call call-call-call-call wATER-WATER put-put understand-understand sEND-SEND compel tear-tear dRILL-DRILL-DRILL-DRILL take off cREATE-CREATE pluck-plucked sort-sort rEMOVE-REMOVE accelerate deepen strengthen-strengthen pinch-pinch, pinch Communion
|
Among the 27 tasks of the KIM in the Russian language in 2019, there will traditionally be questions on spelling, therefore, at the stage of preparation, it is important to learn all the words that are included in the orthoepic minimum of the USE, compiled by FIPI.
Orthoepy is a section of the Russian language that studies the norms and rules of word pronunciation and stress placement.
Orthoepic norms in oral speech
Compliance with orthoepic norms - important parameter assessment of oral speech, because incorrect pronunciation of words and wrong stress cut the ears of others and characterize the speaker as an illiterate and uneducated person.
Among the millions of words, the sound of which everyone has heard, there is a small group, the memorization of which is problematic for many people.
It is worth noting that the norms of orthoepy are not something static. Over time, the pronunciation of some words changes under the influence of the most various factors... All modern norms are collected in an orthoepic dictionary, but for successful delivery in 2019 year of the exam in Russian, 11th grade graduates will have a good enough knowledge of the orthoepic minimum, which includes about 300 words.
KIM structure 2019
The exam in Russian lasts 3.5 hours (210 minutes).
The 2019 ticket for the Russian language will include 27 tasks, 5 of which will be aimed at checking how the graduate speaks the language norms of oral speech. Among these tasks of the 2019 exam, you will surely come across questions on the placement of stress in the words included in the orthoepic minimum.
All ticket tasks will be divided into difficulty levels as follows:
Thus, for the correct execution of 27 tasks, the examinee will be able to score 58 primary points.
List of words for spelling tasks
Especially for 11th grade students who are going through the preparation stage for the 2019 USE, FIPI compiled an orthoepic minimum - a mini-dictionary that lists all stressed vowels in words that are difficult to memorize.
We bring to your attention such a dictionary with convenient alphabetical division of words and indication of the correct stress.
The unified state exam in Russian is required for school graduates. Many schoolchildren are sure that it will not be difficult to pass it, since for the majority Russian is their native language. Despite this, we still recommend to show responsibility and devote several hours to studying the rules and repeating orthoepic norms.
The main stage of the USE in the Russian language will traditionally begin at the end of May and will last until early June 2018.
An early stage will take place from mid-March to mid-April. You can pass the exam in advance:
- graduated from school in 2017;
- received a certificate instead of a certificate of secondary education;
- evening school graduates;
- planning to continue their studies abroad;
- applicants in 2018 who completed the curriculum in advance;
- schoolchildren who, during the main stage of the exam, must participate in events of all-Russian or international importance;
- 11th graders who require treatment or rehabilitation on the date of the main exam.
At the beginning of September, students who have received a low score or who have missed the USE due to a valid reason are allowed to take the exam (documentary confirmation is required).
The main stages of the exam
Each ticket includes 26 tasks, including test questions and writing an essay on a given topic. Next year, it is planned to add an assignment that will reveal knowledge of lexical norms. Since 2016, the Russian Academy of Education has been increasingly talking about the need to introduce the Speaking stage into the exam.
It is possible that in 2018, in addition to all of the above, schoolchildren will be tested the ability to orally express their thoughts, draw conclusions and argue their position.
What words are included in the orthoepic minimum of the exam
One of the differences between the Russian language and others is that the stress in words can fall on a different syllable, and not, as, for example, in French - only on the last one. Therefore, only a few can correctly emphasize words. To successfully pass the orthoepic minimum in the Russian language, you will have to memorize about 300 words.
A complete list of words that are included in the orthoepic minimum of the exam 2018 can be found on the FIPI website. We will list only those that cause difficulties for the majority of schoolchildren: alphabet, airports, bands, verba, religion, on time, long-standing, dispensary, up, call, down, blinds, obviously, spoiled, old, old, quarter, rolled garbage chute, lighten, seal, wholesale, adolescence, partner, rights, dowry, drills, orphans, slave, tools, carpenter, cakes, chain, scarves.
How to get the maximum score
The first part of the ticket consists of 25 tasks. Successful completion will allow you to get 34 points, which is 59% of the total USE score in the Russian language. Task number 26 is an essay, the maximum score for it is 24 points, that is, the remaining 41%. Responsible preparation for the exam, concentration during it and confidence in your own strengths and knowledge will help you get the highest score.
Video tutorialabout stress in Russian: