Can you imagine that the development of many diseases depends on one cause? Many nutritionists and herbalists now refer to this hidden danger in two words: acid and alkali.
High acidity destroys the most important systems in the body and it becomes defenseless against diseases. A balanced pH environment ensures the normal course of metabolic processes in the body, helping it fight diseases. A healthy body has a supply of alkaline substances that it uses when needed.
What is pH?
The ratio of acid and alkali in any solution is called acid-base equilibrium (ACB), although physiologists believe that it is more correct to call this ratio the acid-base state. KShR is characterized by a special pH indicator (power Hidrogen - "the strength of hydrogen"), which shows the number of hydrogen atoms in a given solution. At a pH of 7.0, one speaks of a neutral medium. The lower the pH, the more acidic the medium (from 6.9 to 0). The alkaline environment has high level pH (7.1 to 14.0).
The human body is 70% water, so water is one of the most important parts of it. The human body has a certain acid-base ratio, characterized by pH (hydrogen) index. The pH value depends on the ratio between positively charged ions (which form an acidic environment) and negatively charged ions (which form an alkaline environment). The human body constantly strives to balance this ratio, maintaining a strictly defined pH level. When the balance is imbalanced, many serious diseases can occur.
Check your acid-base balance with pH test strips
It is very important to pay attention in time to changes in the pH level of the internal environment of the body and, if necessary, take urgent measures.
With pH test strips, you can easily, quickly and accurately determine your pH level without leaving your home. If the pH of your urine is between 6.0-6.4 in the morning and 6.4-7.0 in the evening, then your body is functioning normally. If the pH level in saliva stays between 6.4-6.8 throughout the day, this also indicates the health of your body. The most optimal pH level of saliva and urine is slightly acidic, in the range of 6.4-6.5.
The best time to measure the pH level is 1 hour before meals or 2 hours after meals. Check the pH level 2 times a week 2-3 times a day.
Not knowing your pH level can lead to dire consequences.
A) Increased acidity in the body.
An imbalance in the pH of the body in most people manifests itself in the form of increased acidity (acidosis state). In this state, the body poorly absorbs minerals such as calcium, sodium, potassium and magnesium, which, due to excess acidity, are excreted from the body. Vital organs suffer from a lack of minerals. Acidosis not detected in time can harm the body imperceptibly, but constantly for several months and even years. Alcohol abuse often leads to acidosis. Acidosis can occur as a complication of diabetes.
With acidosis, the following problems may appear:
- Diseases of the cardiovascular system, including persistent vasospasm and a decrease in oxygen concentration in the blood.
- Weight gain and diabetes.
- Diseases of the kidneys and bladder, the formation of stones.
- Decreased immunity.
- An increase in the harmful effects of free radicals that can contribute to oncogenesis.
- Fragility of bones up to a fracture of the femoral neck, as well as other disorders of the musculoskeletal system, such as the formation of osteophytes (spurs).
- The appearance of joint pain and pain in the muscles associated with the accumulation of lactic acid.
- General weakness.
B) Increased alkali content in the body.
With an increased content of alkali in the body, and this condition is called Alkalosis, as well as with acidosis, the absorption of minerals is impaired. Food is absorbed much more slowly, allowing toxins to pass from the gastrointestinal tract into the bloodstream. An increased alkali content in the body is dangerous and difficult to correct. It is usually the result of the use of drugs containing alkali.
Urine pH test results show how well the body absorbs minerals such as calcium, sodium, potassium and magnesium. These minerals are called "acid dampeners" because they regulate the level of acidity in the body. If the acidity is too high, the body will not produce acid. It has to neutralize the acid. For this, the body begins to borrow minerals from various organs, bones, etc. in order to neutralize excess acid, which begins to accumulate in the tissues. Thus, the acidity level is regulated.
Minerals are used to neutralize acids
For 7 years, a study was conducted at the University of California (San Francisco), where 9 thousand women were examined. The results showed that bones become brittle with a constant elevated acidity level. Experts who conducted this experiment are confident that most of the problems of middle-aged women are associated with excessive consumption of meat and lack of consumption of vegetable food. Therefore, the body has no choice but to take calcium from its own bones, and with its help regulate the pH level.
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Saliva pH value
It is also rational to know the pH level of saliva. The test results show the activity of enzymes in the digestive tract, especially the liver and stomach. This indicator gives an idea of \u200b\u200bthe work of the whole organism as a whole and of its individual systems. Some people may have high acidity in both urine and saliva - in which case we are dealing with "double acidity".
Blood pH value
blood pH is one of the most severe physiological constants in the body. Normally, this indicator can vary in the range of 7.3b - 7.42. A shift in this indicator by at least 0.1 can lead to severe pathology.
With a shift in blood pH by 0.2, a coma develops, by 0.3 - a person dies.
Maintain the correct pH balance for good health
The body is able to properly assimilate and store minerals and nutrients only at the proper level of acid-base balance. It is in your power to help your body receive, not lose, nutrients. For example, iron can be absorbed by the body at pH 6.0-7.0, and iodine at pH 6.3-6.6. Our body uses hydrochloric acid to break down food. In the process of vital activity of the body, both acidic and alkaline decay products are required, and the former are formed 20 times more than the latter. Therefore, the body's defense systems, which ensure the invariability of its acid-base balance, are "tuned" first of all to neutralize and remove primarily acidic decay products.
The main mechanisms for maintaining this balance are: blood buffer systems (carbonate, phosphate, protein, hemoglobin), respiratory (pulmonary) regulation system, renal (excretory system.
It is in your best interest to maintain the correct pH balance.
Even the “right” herbal selection program will not work effectively if your pH balance is imbalanced.
How the body manages acid levels
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What to do if pH balance is normal?
The simple answer is to help maintain this balance in a healthy area. We offer a program to improve the pH balance (with pH in urine and saliva equal to 6.4).
- Enzymes.
Without enzymes, the body is unable to regulate pH levels. They heal and improve digestion, the absorption of minerals increases (especially calcium).
For example Protease plus if taken on an empty stomach (between meals), improves the functioning of red blood cells, removes dead cells, destroys fatty deposits, fragments of dead parasites, fungi, viruses and bacteria, as well as their toxins, which accumulate as much as possible in adipose tissue. The anti-inflammatory effect of enzymes is based on this.
Calcium is the most important mineral for regulating pH balance.
Preparations are especially useful
Hydrogen indicator, pH (pronounced "pe ash", english pronunciation English pH - piː "eɪtʃ," pi hh ") is a measure of the activity (in very dilute solutions it is equivalent to the concentration) of hydrogen ions in a solution, and quantitatively expressing its acidity, calculated as a negative (taken with the opposite sign) decimal logarithm of the activity of hydrogen ions, expressed in moles per liter: History This concept was introduced in 1909 by the Danish chemist Sørensen. The indicator is called pH, according to the first letters latin words potentia hydrogeni is the power of hydrogen, or pondus hydrogeni is the weight of hydrogen. In general, in chemistry, the combination pX is usually used to denote a value equal to −log X, and the letter H in this case denotes the concentration of hydrogen ions (H +), or, more precisely, the thermodynamic activity of hydronium ions. Equations linking pH and pOH PH value output In pure water at 25 ° C, the concentrations of hydrogen ions () and hydroxide ions () are the same and amount to 10 −7 mol / l, this directly follows from the definition of the ionic product of water, which is equal to 10 −14 mol² / l² (at 25 ° C). When the concentrations of both types of ions in a solution are the same, the solution is said to have a neutral reaction. When an acid is added to water, the concentration of hydrogen ions increases, and the concentration of hydroxide ions, respectively, decreases; when a base is added, on the contrary, the content of hydroxide ions increases, and the concentration of hydrogen ions decreases. When\u003e say that the solution is acidic, and when\u003e - alkaline. For convenience of presentation, in order to get rid of the negative exponent, instead of the concentrations of hydrogen ions, they use their decimal logarithm, taken with the opposite sign, which is actually the hydrogen exponent - pH. pOH The inverse pH value is somewhat less widespread - the indicator of the basicity of the solution, pOH, equal to the negative decimal logarithm of the concentration of OH - ions in the solution: as in any aqueous solution at 25 ° C, it is obvious that at this temperature: PH values \u200b\u200bin solutions of different acidity
- Contrary to popular belief, pH can vary not only in the range from 0 to 14, but can also go beyond these limits. For example, at a concentration of hydrogen ions \u003d 10 −15 mol / L, pH \u003d 15, at a concentration of hydroxide ions of 10 mol / L pOH \u003d −1.
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- For a rough estimate of the concentration of hydrogen ions, acid-base indicators are widely used - organic dye substances, the color of which depends on the pH of the medium. The most famous indicators include litmus, phenolphthalein, methyl orange (methyl orange) and others. Indicators can exist in two differently colored forms - either acidic or basic. The color change of each indicator occurs in its acidity range, usually 1–2 units.
- To expand the working range of pH measurement, a so-called universal indicator is used, which is a mixture of several indicators. The universal indicator sequentially changes color from red through yellow, green, blue to violet when passing from an acidic region to an alkaline one. Determination of pH by indicator method is difficult for turbid or colored solutions.
- Using a special device - a pH meter - allows you to measure pH in a wider range and more accurately (up to 0.01 pH units) than using indicators. The ionometric method for determining pH is based on measuring the electromotive force of a galvanic circuit with a millivoltmeter-ionometer, which includes a special glass electrode, the potential of which depends on the concentration of H + ions in the surrounding solution. The method is convenient and highly accurate, especially after the calibration of the indicator electrode in the selected pH range, allows measuring the pH of opaque and colored solutions, and therefore is widely used.
- The analytical volumetric method - acid-base titration - also gives accurate results determination of acidity of solutions. A solution of known concentration (titrant) is added dropwise to the test solution. When they are mixed, chemical reaction... The equivalence point - the moment when the titrant is exactly enough to completely complete the reaction - is fixed using an indicator. Further, knowing the concentration and volume of the added titrant solution, the acidity of the solution is calculated.
- Effect of temperature on pH values
Ecology of consumption. Can you imagine that the development of many diseases depends on one cause? Many specialist nutritionists
Can you imagine that the development of many diseases depends on one cause? Many nutritionists and herbalists now refer to this hidden danger in two words: acid and alkali.
High acidity destroys the most important systems in the body, and it becomes defenseless against diseases. A balanced pH environment ensures the normal course of metabolic processes in the body, helping it fight diseases. A healthy body has a supply of alkaline substances that it uses when needed.
The ratio of acid and alkali in any solution is called acid-base equilibrium (ACB), although physiologists believe that it is more correct to call this ratio the acid-base state. KShR is characterized by a special pH (power Hidrogen), which shows the number of hydrogen atoms in a given solution. At a pH of 7.0, one speaks of a neutral medium. The lower the pH level, the more acidic the environment (from 6.9 to 0). An alkaline medium has a high pH (7.1 to 14.0).
The human body is 80% water, so water is one of the most important parts of it. The human body has a certain acid-base ratio, characterized by pH (hydrogen) index. The pH value depends on the ratio between positively charged ions (which form an acidic environment) and negatively charged ions (which form an alkaline environment). The human body constantly strives to balance this ratio, maintaining a strictly defined pH level. When the balance is imbalanced, many serious diseases can occur.
pH, or indicator of acid-base balance.
It is a measure of the relative concentration of hydrogen (H +) and hydroxyl (OH-) ions in a liquid system and is expressed on a scale from 0 (full saturation with hydrogen ions H +) to 14 (full saturation with OH- hydroxyl ions), distilled water is considered neutral with pH 7.0.
0 - strongest acid, 14 - strongest alkali, 7 - neutral substance.
If in any of the body's fluids there is an increase in the concentration of (H +) ions, then there is a shift in pH towards the acidic side, that is, acidification of the medium occurs. This is also called acid shift.
Conversely, an increase in the concentration of (OH-) ions causes a shift in the pH value to the alkaline side, or an alkaline shift.
Our body has a slightly alkaline environment. The acid-base balance in our body is constantly maintained at one stable level and in a very narrow range: from 7.26 to 7.45. And even a slight change in blood pH beyond these limits can lead to disease.
Changes in the pH balance can lead to dire consequences.
Increased acidity in the body.
Due to improper nutrition and the consumption of acidic foods, as well as a lack of water, the body becomes acidic. People consume a lot of fats, meat, dairy products, cereals, sugar, flour and confectionery products, all kinds of semi-finished products and other processed, refined foods that are practically free of fiber, minerals and vitamins, not to mention enzymes and unsaturated fatty acids.
In order to counter this - to reduce the concentration of acid and remove it from the vital organs - the body retains water, which negatively affects the metabolism: the body wears out faster, the skin becomes dry, wrinkled. In addition, when the body becomes acidic, oxygen transfer to organs and tissues worsens, the body absorbs minerals poorly, and some minerals such as Ca, Na, K, Mg are excreted from the body. The body has to spend a tremendous amount of resources and energy to neutralize excess acids, thereby causing a certain imbalance in biochemical reactions. Since the alkaline reserves coming from the outside are clearly not enough, the body is forced to use its internal resources - calcium, magnesium, iron, potassium. As a result, hemoglobin decreases, osteoporosis develops. When the iron in the hemoglobin of the blood is used to neutralize the acid, the person feels tired. If calcium is consumed for these needs, insomnia and irritability appear. Due to a decrease in the alkaline reserve of the nervous tissue, mental activity is impaired.
Vital organs suffer from a lack of minerals, the risk of cardiovascular diseases increases, immunity decreases, fragility of bones appears, and much more. If the body contains a large amount of acid and the mechanisms of its excretion are disturbed (with urine and feces, with respiration, with sweat, etc.), the body is subjected to severe intoxication. The only way out is to alkalize the body.
Globally, acidification of the body leads to the occurrence of more than 200 (!) Diseases, for example: cataracts, hyperopia, arthrosis, chondrosis, bile and urolithiasis, and even oncology!
And people are still amazed: “Why are there so many diseases in humanity? Why do they get sick all the time? Why do they grow decrepit with age? "
Yes, if only because more than 90% of the food they eat is "sour" foods, and everything they drink (except pure water, freshly squeezed juices and herbal tea without sugar) - has a pH of 4.5 to 2.5 - that is, it even more acidifies human organisms!
The state of high acidity is called Acidosis. Acidosis undetected in time can harm the body imperceptibly, but constantly for several months or even years.
In your school chemistry course, you learned about the concept of the pH of a solution.
As you know, water is a very weak electrolyte: out of every billion molecules, only two break down into ions:
H 2 O ↔ H + + OH -
The concentration of ions is usually expressed in moles of ions per liter. From the dissociation equation it is seen that the concentrations of H + ions and OH - ions are the same.
It has been experimentally established that in one liter of water at a temperature of 22 0 C, only 10 -7 mol of water undergoes dissociation, and 10 -7 mol / l of H + ions and 10 -7 mol / l of OH - ions are formed:
10 -7 mol / l
The product of the concentrations of hydrogen ions and hydroxide ions in water is called the ionic product of water (K \u200b\u200bin). This value is constant at a temperature of 22 0 С and is numerically equal to 10 -14.
K in \u003d · \u003d 10 -14
The acidity and alkalinity of a solution are usually expressed in terms of concentration:
10 -7 - neutral environment;
-\u003e 10 -7 - acidic environment;
- < 10 -7 - щелочная среда.
Since it is inconvenient to use numbers with negative powers, it is customary to express the concentration of hydrogen ions in terms of the pH value.
pH is the decimal logarithm of the hydrogen ion concentration, taken with the opposite sign:
PH \u003d 7 - neutral environment;
PH< 7 - кислая среда;
PH\u003e 7 - alkaline environment.
The reaction of the medium can be determined using a universal indicator:
It is known that the blood of a healthy person has a pH of 7.3-7.4. More precisely, blood plasma has a pH of about 7.36. Thus, the blood reaction is very slightly alkaline.
Changes in the concentration of hydrogen cations in the blood are usually insignificant, firstly, due to the constant physiological regulation of acid-base balance during the life of the body, and secondly, due to the presence of special "buffer systems" in the blood.
Buffer systems in chemistry are mixtures of weak acids with salts of the same acids (or weak bases with salts of the same bases).
Due to complex chemical equilibria the blood buffer system maintains an approximately constant pH value even with the introduction of "excess" acid or alkali.
For blood plasma, the most important buffer system is the carbonate (it consists of sodium bicarbonate NaHCO 3 and carbonic acid H 2 CO 3), as well as orthophosphate (hydrogen phosphate and sodium dihydrogen phosphate Na 2 HPO 4 and NaH 2 PO 4) and protein (hemoglobin) ...
The carbonate buffering system does a good job of regulating blood acidity. If an increased amount of lactic acid, which is formed in the muscles during strenuous physical work, enters the bloodstream, then it is neutralized. Carbonic acid is obtained, which is removed in the form of gaseous carbon dioxide, which is exhaled through the lungs.
And human gastric juice contains acid and corresponds to a pH of 0.9 to 1.6. Due to the large amount of hydrochloric (hydrochloric) acid, gastric juice has a bactericidal effect.
Intestinal juice is almost neutral (pH 6.0 to 7.6).
On the contrary, human saliva is always alkaline (pH 7.4 - 8.0).
And the acidity of "human juices" is regulated by urine, where the concentration of hydrogen cations is very variable: the pH of this liquid can decrease to 5.0 and even 4.7, or rise to 8.0, depending on the state of human metabolism.
The acidic environment suppresses the vital activity of harmful microorganisms and therefore serves as a kind of protection against infection. But the alkaline environment is a signal about the presence of inflammatory processes, which means about the disease.
In contrast to the pH of blood and lymph, the pH of saliva and urine changes depending on the acid load and therefore can serve as an indicator of the quality of our food for us.
With the help of pH test strips, you can easily, quickly and accurately determine the pH level without leaving your home.
If your urine pH is in the range of 6.0-6.4 in the morning and 6.4-7.0 in the evening, then your body is functioning normally. Optimal measurement from 10 am to 12 pm.
The results of urine pH tests show how well the body absorbs such chemical elementslike calcium, sodium, potassium and magnesium. They are called "acid dampeners" because they regulate the acidity level in the body.
It is also rational to know the pH level of saliva if the pH level in saliva remains between 6.4-6.8 throughout the day - this indicates the health of your body. The test results show the activity of enzymes in the digestive tract, especially the liver and stomach.
It is very important to pay attention in time to changes in the pH level of the internal environment of the body and, if necessary, be sure to consult a doctor.
Thus, knowledge of the pH value will help you and your loved ones to notice deviations in your health in time and take timely measures. In addition, you can do interesting research and development work on pH and human health with your classmates.
Compiled by V.E. Nikitin
Sources:
1. Rudzitis G.E. Chemistry. Grade 11: textbook. for general education. organizations: a basic level of / G.E. Rudzitis, F.G. Feldman. - 2nd ed. - M.: Education, 2016 .-- 223 p. : ill.
The technical definition of the acidity of water (pH factor) is a measure of the activity of a hydrogen ion (H +), expressed as the logarithm of the activity of this ion. Accordingly, water with acidity pH \u003d 7 contains 10-7 mol / L of hydrogen ions, while pH \u003d 6 means that there are 10-6 mol / L of hydrogen ions in water. The acidity range of water is from 0 to 14:
- 0 - the most acidic environment
- 7 - neutral environment
- 14 - maximum alkaline
A small digression: hydrogen ions are component almost any acid. Therefore, the amount of hydrogen ions in water is an integral indicator of the total amount of acids in water.
In general, water with acidity pH< 7 считают кислой, и с pH > 7 is considered alkaline. The normal range for pH in surface waters is 6.5 to 8.5 and for groundwater from 6 to 8.5.
As you can imagine, if there is acidity of water, then there is also alkalinity of water. Alkalinity is a measure of the ability of water to resist pH changes towards acidification. Measuring the acidity and alkalinity of water is necessary to determine its corrosivity.
The acidity (pH) of pure water (H20) is 7 at 25oC, but when the water is in the open air and carbon dioxide can dissolve in it, the pH equilibrium is disturbed and the pH of the water becomes about 5.2-5.5.
That is, the earlier the pH measurement is made, the more accurate. So, if you measure the pH of the water immediately after sampling, you will get the actual value of the acidity of the water. And if you take water to the sanitary and epidemiological station for 24 hours, and there it will be kept for several more hours, then the pH measurement accuracy will be low - due to the fact that the acidity will increase due to the dissolution of carbon dioxide in the water.
Low pH water (high acidity) pH<6.5 может быть одновременно и мягкой, и корозионно активной. Поэтому вода может выщелачевать ионы металлов из металлических труб - железо, марганец, медь, свинец. Поэтому вода с низким значением рН может содержать вредные примеси в опасных концентрациях - особенно если она контактирует с трубами длительное время.
In addition, this water can damage the metal piping and impart a metallic taste to the water, stain the laundry during laundering, or stain drainage and leaks on tiles.
The main way to solve the problem of high acidity of water (low pH) is to use an acidity neutralizer. Most often, neutralization occurs with ordinary soda. At the same time, the amount of sodium in the water increases. There are also other ways to neutralize acidity.
Water with a high pH value\u003e 8.5 (low acidity) can mean that the water is hard. Hard water is not supposed to pose a health risk, but it can cause other problems:
- Scale build-up, increase in hydraulic pressure by reducing the inner diameter of the pipeline.
- Alkaline taste of water, bitter taste of coffee.
- The formation of scale deposits on dishes, tiles, plumbing.
- Detergents foam less.
- The efficiency of electric water heaters decreases.
The approximate acidity of some liquids:
Vinegar - pH \u003d 3
Wine - pH \u003d 2.8-3.8
Beer pH \u003d 4-5
Milk pH \u003d 6.3-6.6
Sea water pH \u003d 8.3
Black coffee pH \u003d 5
Apple juice pH \u003d 3.8
Blood pH \u003d 7.35 - 7.45
Fe (OH) 2 pH \u003d 9.5
Mg (OH) 2 pH \u003d 10.5
Ca (OH) 2 pH \u003d 11.5