How to make a punctuation analysis of the sentence in order to once and for all insure yourself against ridiculous mistakes while writing? If you remember once and for all simple rules Russian, you don't have to worry about your reputation as a literate scribe. How to do punctuation analysis, children learn in the fifth or sixth grade, but over time the lessons are forgotten and they have to restore knowledge.
What is sentence parsing?
In fact, the answer to this question lies in the very name of the term. This is the division of the sentence into certain segments, which are separated from each other by punctuation marks, as well as finding out which punctuation marks are suitable in this or that case. it detailed analysis all punctuation marks in a separate sentence.
Correctly performing punctuation analysis of a sentence means not only correctly placing punctuation marks, but also explaining why this mark is right here. In order not to get confused and do everything in order, you must follow a certain sequence of actions.
Action diagram
Punctuation analysis of a sentence is done according to the following scheme:
Every student knows how to make a punctuation analysis of a sentence, but as they get older, the incoming information sometimes displaces such elementary knowledge, and we forget about the simplest things. To recapture past experiences, try punctuation using different examples of text. Thus, you can always be confident in your impeccable literacy.
Modern schoolchildren, according to educational program, study several types of analysis: phonetic, lexical, morphological, morphemic, syntactic and punctuation analysis of a sentence. Each of them has its own distinctive features and difficult moments to understand.
Definition
Many students and their parents wonder what the punctuation of a sentence means. It is designed to find and clarify the punctuation marks in the sentence. Punctuation of a sentence can improve general level literacy of the learner. Parsing a simple (PP) and complex (SP) sentence has its own distinctive features.
Parsing a simple sentence
- Read the text suggested for parsing.
- Assign a number to all punctuation marks present in the text.
- Designate the punctogram that completes the sentence, explain the reason for its setting.
- Identify and explain all signs found in the sentence.
It is according to this plan that the punctuation analysis of the sentence is carried out. A sample parsing is shown below.
Analysis examples
Let's take punctuation analysis of a sentence as an example:
1. I can entrust this secret to a person who knows how to keep his mouth shut.
2. Have you not seen people running down the street, holding flags, posters, balloons?
Step one. The sentence is interrogative in terms of the purpose of the statement and intonation. Therefore, it ends with a question mark.
Step two. Having assigned a number to the punctuation marks, we determine their number in the sentence:
Haven't you seen people running down the street (1) holding flags (2), posters (3), balloons (4)?
Step three. The sentence has one grammatical basis you did not see.
The comma under the number one marks the participle. Commas numbered two and three separate homogeneous members of the sentence flags, posters, balloons, expressed by additions.
Parsing a complex sentence
Punctuation of a sentence of this kind is somewhat more complicated.
1. Read the sentence.
2. Assign a serial number to all punctuation marks in the sentence.
3. Designate the final sentence punctogram and explain its setting.
4. Designate punctuation marks at the SP level and explain the reason for their setting.
5. Explain the placement of punctuation marks in parts of the joint venture.
Analysis examples
As an example, we propose to conduct a punctuation analysis of a sentence:
1. We probably won't see Sergey again, since the insult inflicted on him can hardly be easily forgotten.
Step one. A full stop is put at the end of the sentence, because the statement is narrative in terms of purpose, and non-exclamatory in terms of intonation.
Step two. The numbering showed the presence of five punctuation marks in the sentence:
Probably (1), we will not see Sergey (2) again, since the insult (3) inflicted on him (4) can hardly be easily forgotten (5).
Step three. This proposal is complex. Parts complex sentence connected by a subordinate union because the. The comma is on the border of the main clause and the subordinate clause.
Step four. In the main sentence, a comma marks the introductory word probably. In the subordinate clause, commas separate the participle inflicted on him.
2. I am sure that you will carry out this assignment, because you appreciate my location, you want to advance in the service.
Step one. The sentence ends with a period because it is narrative, non-exclamatory.
Step two. There are four punctuation marks in a sentence:
I am confident (1) that you will carry out this assignment (2), because you value my location (3), you want to advance in the service (4).
Step three. This sentence consists of one main clause and two subordinate clauses, which are separated from each other by commas under the numbers one and two.
Step four. There are no punctuation marks in the main part and in the first subordinate clause. In the second subordinate clause, the comma at number three separates homogeneous predicates appreciateand want to advance.
If the student knows what punctuation analysis of a sentence means, he will not make gross mistakes in the placement of punctuation marks. Thus, he will significantly improve his academic performance and increase the chances of getting a decent grade in the course final exams... This is important, since his future admission to the university depends on how well the student passes them. And even such a trifle as an erroneous setting of the punctuation mark can deprive him of much-needed points.
Punctuation analysis of the sentence ensures better mastering of punctuation rules by schoolchildren. It is based on three sequential actions, which ultimately lead to an explanation of the conditions for choosing a particular punctuation mark. For punctuation analysis, you need to know the parts of speech, be able to find the grammatical basis and minor terms in a sentence, and also hear the intonation with which it is pronounced. The correct placement of punctuation marks ensures the accuracy and clarity of expression.
Punctuation orderThe main punctuation marks studied at school and used for punctuation analysis are: period (exactly from its Latin name "punctum" the word "punctuation" originated), comma, semicolon, question and exclamation marks, colon, dash, brackets, quotes and ellipsis.
Punctuation begins with defining the nature of a sentence, which can be simple or complex. Then one or more punctuation rules are established that apply to the sentence being parsed. Each of them is subject to separate selection. The result of punctuation analysis is a graphical outline of the sentence.
How do I punctuate a simple sentence?
A simple sentence in the diagram is indicated by square brackets, after which one of five punctuation marks is put: a period, question mark, exclamation mark, ellipsis, or a combination of question and exclamation marks.
The inside of the diagram shows the complication of a simple sentence. The grammatical base is specified by default.
- Homogeneous members of the proposal are depicted on the diagram in the form of circles, inside which the graphic designation of the member of the proposal is placed. All members of a sentence can be homogeneous: subjects (one straight line), predicates (two straight lines), additions (one dashed line), definitions (one wavy line) and circumstances (dashed line with a dot between the dashes). Together with them, the diagram indicates the punctuation marks and conjunctions related to them (connecting, opposing, contrasting).
Homogeneous members can be used in a sentence together with a generalizing word. On the diagram, it is indicated by a circle with a bold dot inside. - Introductory words and phrases are depicted in the form of five small crosses, on top of which the inscription "cc." Is placed, where "sl." denotes both "word" and "phrase". Above the introductory sentences is written "cv.pr."
- References on the diagram are reproduced in the form of a wavy line with the inscription "o."
- Interjections are written in the scheme with words ("alas", "ah", "Hurray!", Etc.).
- To explain the setting of a dash between the subject and the predicate, the part of speech and its grammatical form are indicated above the graphic image of the grammatical base: "noun. + noun "," unidentified ph.gl. "," number "," noun. + num. " etc. Indicative words "this", "here", "means" are written on the diagram in full.
The absence of a dash between the subject and the predicate should also be explained in the punctuation analysis of the sentence. In this case, it is enough to highlight the grammatical basis and the rules on the basis of which the dash is omitted: the presence between the subject and the predicate of a negative particle "not" or comparative conjunctions "like", "like", "like". - Separate members of the sentence are highlighted in the letter with punctuation marks and are divided into five categories:
- Separate definitions are shown in the diagram as a single wavy line inside two slashes "/ ~~~ /".
If a separate definition refers to a personal pronoun, then the latter is indicated on the diagram by the sign "x", above which "lm" is written. All other parts of speech are indicated in the diagram with a simple "x".
Above the definitions expressed by the participial turnover, the inscription "p.o." is placed.
Two or more isolated definitions are highlighted on the diagram as homogeneous (wavy line in a circle). An arrow is drawn to them from the word being defined.
Above the separate definitions with concessive and causal meaning is indicated "set." and "acc.zn", respectively. On the diagram, such definitions are depicted by two lines: the lower one - the circumstances, the upper one - the definitions.
The agreed and inconsistent definitions on the diagram are separated from each other and signed as "agree", "disagree." - Stand-alone applications are shown in the diagram in the same way as stand-alone definitions. They can refer to a personal pronoun ("lm"), a common noun ("common"), or a proper noun ("proper"). Separate applications with the conjunction "how" are highlighted in the diagram by the lower line of the circumstance and the upper line - the definitions, above which the "acc.zn." or "badge".
- Separate additions are indicated on the diagram in the form of ordinary additions with the related words "except", "instead of", "including", "apart from", etc.
- Isolated circumstances are depicted in the diagram as a single dotted line with dots, enclosed in slashes. Above them, it is indicated how they are expressed: a gerunds ("d.") Or a gerunds ("do"). An arrow is drawn to isolated circumstances from the word being defined.
Circumstances expressed by phraseological turnover are signed as "phraseological." They are not distinguished by punctuation marks in the letter.
Over the circumstances expressed by nouns with prepositions, prepositions and prepositional combinations are prescribed ("despite", "provided", etc.). - Clarifying members of the proposal are indicated on the diagram in the form of certain members of the proposal - definitions, circumstances, additions, etc. Above each of them a question is posed, to which they answer: "when?", "What?", "Which?" etc. In addition, the scheme indicates the related unions, clarifying words and phrases.
- Separate definitions are shown in the diagram as a single wavy line inside two slashes "/ ~~~ /".
- Comparative turns are highlighted on the diagram in the same way as isolated circumstances. Above them is the inscription "compare."
A complex sentence on the diagram is denoted in the form of simple sentences depicted using square and parentheses.
- In compound sentences outside square brackets denoting simple sentences that are equal to each other, connecting and separating conjunctions are indicated along with punctuation marks. A common minor term or introductory word is also put out of brackets and underlined either as a circumstance labeled "general" or as an introductory word.
The dash between simple sentences is explained by the words "result", "res.sm.d." (abrupt change of action), etc. - In complex sentences, the main simple sentence is indicated by square brackets, the dependent (subordinate clause) - by round ones. During punctuation analysis, unions ("union"), allied ("allied.sl.") And indicative words ("indicated.sl") are written and indicated on the diagram. Allied words in the subordinate clause and demonstrative - in the main thing are emphasized as certain members of the sentence.
If there are several subordinate clauses, a directional arrow is put to each of them from the sentence to which they are subordinated. - IN non-union proposals above the punctuation marks connecting simple sentences, conjunctions suitable for the situation are put in parentheses.
In the diagram, direct speech is depicted by the letters "P" (direct speech at the beginning of a sentence or being an independent sentence) and "p" (direct speech at the end of a sentence). The author's words are designated by the letters "A" and "a".
In writing and during punctuation analysis, respectively, several options for the design of direct speech are possible:
- Direct speech stands before the words of the author:
- Direct speech is after the words of the author:
- Direct speech is interrupted by the words of the author:
"P, - a, - p".
“P, - a. - P".
"P? - a. - P".
"P! - a. - P".
how to make punctuation analysis ??? how to make punctuation analysis ??? and got the best answer
Answer from?? l ??? ? ? vm? ??[guru]
1. Name and explain the punctogram at the end of the sentence (period, question mark, exclamation mark, ellipsis, combination of signs).
2. Name and explain punctuation marks at the level of a complex sentence (punctuation marks between simple sentences in a complex sentence).
[Asking (which is quieter), Pierre climbed onto the horse, grabbed the mane, 4 pressed the heels of his twisted legs to the horse's belly and, 5 feeling (that his glasses were falling off) and (that he was unable to take his hands off the mane and reins) , galloped after the general, 9 arousing the smiles of the staff, ^ looking at him from the mound]. (L. Tolstoy)
Explanation of punctuation marks
Answer from TSK KFS[newbie]
the autumn wind rises into the forests, walks noisily through the thickets, picks off dead leaves and carries them merrily in a mad dance.
Answer from Lyubov Maslova[newbie]
The fish sees the bait, not the hook
Answer from Ivangai[active]
Scheme of punctuation parsing of a sentence
3. Name and explain punctograms at the level of a simple sentence.
Sample sentence parsing
Explanation of punctuation marks
1. Period at the end of a sentence; a period is put at the end of the sentence, since it is a declarative, non-exclamatory sentence that contains a complete message.
2. Punctuation marks between parts of a complex sentence; it is a complex sentence with three subordinate clauses:
1 and 2 - commas mark the subordinate clause inside the main;
6 and 8 - commas highlight clauses within the main;
7 - the comma is not put, since homogeneous subordinate clauses are connected by a single connecting union "and";
3. Punctuation marks between homogeneous members of a sentence; isolation of circumstances and definitions:
3 and 4 - commas separate homogeneous predicates, connected without union;
5 - comma separates isolated circumstance, expressed by a single gerunds;
9 - a comma separates a separate circumstance expressed by an adverbial turnover;
10 - a comma separates a separate definition, expressed by the participle and standing after the word being defined.
Answer from Anton Telegin[newbie]
Pushkin enters our life at the very beginning and never leaves it to the end.
Answer from Ksenia Sergeeva[newbie]
Answer from MinTrans[active]
... kek ...
Answer from Oksana Sycheva[newbie]
point means narrative sentence.
Answer from Natasha Kuznetsova[newbie]
Punctuation analysis of a sentence
Scheme of punctuation parsing of a sentence
1. Name and explain the punctogram at the end of the sentence (period, question mark, exclamation mark, ellipsis, combination of signs).
2. Name and explain punctuation marks at the level of a complex sentence (punctuation marks between simple sentences in a complex sentence).
3. Name and explain punctograms at the level of a simple sentence.
Sample sentence parsing
[Asking (which is quieter), Pierre climbed onto the horse, grabbed the mane, 4 pressed the heels of his twisted legs to the horse's belly and, 5 feeling (that his glasses were falling off) and (that he was unable to take his hands off the mane and reins) , galloped after the general, 9 arousing the smiles of the staff, ^ looking at him from the mound]. (L. Tolstoy)
Explanation of punctuation marks
1. Period at the end of a sentence; a period is put at the end of the sentence, since it is a declarative, non-exclamatory sentence that contains a complete message.
2. Punctuation marks between parts of a complex sentence; it is a complex sentence with three subordinate clauses:
1 and 2 - commas mark the subordinate clause inside the main;
6 and 8 - commas highlight clauses within the main;
7 - the comma is not put, since homogeneous subordinate clauses are connected by a single connecting union "and";
3. Punctuation marks between homogeneous members of a sentence; isolation of circumstances and definitions:
3 and 4 - commas separate homogeneous predicates, connected without union;
5 - a comma separates a separate circumstance expressed by a single gerunds;
9 - a comma separates a separate circumstance expressed by an adverbial turnover;
10 - a comma separates a separate definition, expressed by the participle and standing after the word being defined.
Answer from Zimbitskaya[newbie]
lying
Answer from Elena Efanova[newbie]
d
Answer from Daria Meshcheryakova[newbie]
a
Answer from Grimlock[newbie]
Bullshit
Answer from Luda Fedorova[newbie]
huh
Answer from Irina golubkova[newbie]
punctuation is very easy
Answer from Nikita Vagin[newbie]
hole
Answer from Dima Evdokimov[newbie]
Punctuation analysis of a sentence
Scheme of punctuation parsing of a sentence
1. Name and explain the punctogram at the end of the sentence (period, question mark, exclamation mark, ellipsis, combination of signs).
2. Name and explain punctuation marks at the level of a complex sentence (punctuation marks between simple sentences in a complex sentence).
3. Name and explain punctograms at the level of a simple sentence.
Sample sentence parsing
[Asking (which is quieter), Pierre climbed onto the horse, grabbed the mane, 4 pressed the heels of his twisted legs to the horse's belly and, 5 feeling (that his glasses were falling off) and (that he was unable to take his hands off the mane and reins) , galloped after the general, 9 arousing the smiles of the staff, ^ looking at him from the mound]. (L. Tolstoy)
Explanation of punctuation marks
1. Period at the end of a sentence; a period is put at the end of the sentence, since it is a declarative, non-exclamatory sentence that contains a complete message.
2. Punctuation marks between parts of a complex sentence; it is a complex sentence with three subordinate clauses:
1 and 2 - commas mark the subordinate clause inside the main;
6 and 8 - commas highlight clauses within the main;
7 - the comma is not put, since homogeneous subordinate clauses are connected by a single connecting union "and";
3. Punctuation marks between homogeneous members of a sentence; isolation of circumstances and definitions:
3 and 4 - commas separate homogeneous predicates, connected without union;
5 - a comma separates a separate circumstance expressed by a single gerunds;
9 - a comma separates a separate circumstance expressed by an adverbial turnover;
10 - a comma separates a separate definition, expressed by a participle and standing after the word being defined.
Answer from Natalia Pochitalova[newbie]
syntax and punctuation are similar
Answer from Andrey Sergeevich[newbie]
Punctuation analysis of a sentence
Scheme of punctuation parsing of a sentence
1. Name and explain the punctogram at the end of the sentence (period, question mark, exclamation mark, ellipsis, combination of signs).
2. Name and explain punctuation marks at the level of a complex sentence (punctuation marks between simple sentences in a complex sentence).
3. Name and explain punctograms at the level of a simple sentence.
Sample sentence parsing
[Asking (which is quieter), Pierre climbed onto the horse, grabbed the mane, 4 pressed the heels of his twisted legs to the horse's belly and, 5 feeling (that his glasses were falling off) and (that he was unable to take his hands off the mane and reins) , galloped after the general, 9 arousing the smiles of the staff, ^ looking at him from the mound]. (L. Tolstoy)
Explanation of punctuation marks
1. Period at the end of a sentence; a period is put at the end of the sentence, since it is a declarative, non-exclamatory sentence that contains a complete message.
2. Punctuation marks between parts of a complex sentence; it is a complex sentence with three subordinate clauses:
1 and 2 - commas mark the subordinate clause inside the main;
6 and 8 - commas highlight clauses within the main;
7 - the comma is not put, since homogeneous subordinate clauses are connected by a single connecting union "and";
3. Punctuation marks between homogeneous members of a sentence; isolation of circumstances and definitions:
3 and 4 - commas separate homogeneous predicates, connected without union;
5 - a comma separates a separate circumstance expressed by a single gerunds;
9 - a comma separates a separate circumstance expressed by an adverbial turnover;
10 - a comma separates a separate definition, expressed by the participle and standing after the word being defined.
Answer from Daniil Morozov[newbie]
Scheme of punctuation parsing of a sentence
1. Name and explain the punctogram at the end of the sentence (period, question mark, exclamation mark, ellipsis, combination of signs).
2. Name and explain punctuation marks at the level of a complex sentence (punctuation marks between simple sentences in a complex sentence).
3. Name and explain punctograms at the level of a simple sentence.
Sample sentence parsing
[Asking (which is quieter), Pierre climbed onto the horse, grabbed the mane, 4 pressed the heels of his twisted legs to the horse's belly and, 5 feeling (that his glasses were falling off) and (that he was unable to take his hands off the mane and reins) , galloped after the general, 9 arousing the smiles of the staff, ^ looking at him from the mound]. (L. Tolstoy)
Explanation of punctuation marks
1. Period at the end of a sentence; a period is put at the end of the sentence, since it is a declarative, non-exclamatory sentence that contains a complete message.
2. Punctuation marks between parts of a complex sentence; it is a complex sentence with three subordinate clauses:
1 and 2 - commas mark the subordinate clause inside the main;
6 and 8 - commas highlight clauses within the main;
7 - the comma is not put, since homogeneous subordinate clauses are connected by a single connecting union "and";
3. Punctuation marks between homogeneous members of a sentence; isolation of circumstances and definitions:
3 and 4 - commas separate homogeneous predicates, connected without union;
5 - a comma separates a separate circumstance expressed by a single gerunds;
9 - a comma separates a separate circumstance expressed by an adverbial turnover;
10 - a comma separates a separate definition, expressed by the participle and standing after the word being defined.
Answer from 3 answers[guru]
Hello! Here is a selection of topics with answers to your question: how to make a punctuation analysis ??? how to make punctuation analysis ???
Answer from 3 answers[guru]
Hello! Here are more threads with similar questions.
In studying punctuation, it is important to highlight the basic principles:
- search for grammatical basis;
- search for participial or participial phrases;
- search for introductory constructions.
We suggest that you familiarize yourself with the main steps in the algorithm for punctuation parsing a sentence:
- First of all, you need to pay attention to the punctuation mark at the end of the sentence. Whether at the end of a sentence there is a period, a question mark or an ellipsis, the reader determines the emotional color of the statement. It is necessary that the student can explain in detail and clearly why this particular punctuation mark is chosen.
- The next step is to define the sentence construction. The number of punctuation marks depends on whether the sentence is simple or complex. In order for students to easily distinguish a simple sentence from a complex one, they must be able to independently determine not only the grammatical basis of the sentence, but also the type of the subordinate clause.
- Next, you should analyze the functions of each punctuation mark; we remind you that they can be separating and distinguishing.
Pupils should understand the difference in the use of separating and distinguishing marks.
TO distinguishing marks include dash, colon, comma, quotation marks, and parentheses. With their help, isolations, definitions and generalizations, etc.
TO dividing marks includes comma, semicolon, dash, colon. The signs are meant for separation homogeneous members sentences, parts of a compound sentence, etc.
- Immediately before the punctuation analysis, teachers recommend analyzing the sentence by composition with the obligatory highlighting of the grammatical basis, homogeneous members of the sentence, definitions and circumstances.
- The graphical scheme of the sentence, drawn up on the basis of the analysis of the sentence by composition, will greatly simplify the punctuation analysis.
- The final point is punctuation analysis.
Examples of
We propose to consolidate the information received in practice. Students need to have a clear idea of \u200b\u200bwhat the instructor is asking of them, so it is important to provide them with a breakdown template.
Example 1
[A trapezoid of sunlight was inserted into the opening of a half-open window], 1 (the upper corner of which touched the edge of the mirror cabinet). (D. Rubina)
- Grammar basics: trapezoid retracted, corner touched.
- The main clause and the clause are separated by a comma.
[The boys looked at each other and, 1 | without taking their eyes off me |, 2 began to slowly and carefully back away]. (K. Paustovsky)
- Grammatical basis: the boys looked at each other and began to back away.
- There is a period at the end of the sentence, since the sentence is narrative and represents a complete statement.
- The adverbial turnover is highlighted in the sentence with two commas.
| Straining and turning purple |, 1 (the sun plopped down behind the stanitsa cemetery), 2 (and after me, twilight billowed across the brushwood in blue). (M. Sholokhov)
- Grammar basics: the sun plopped down, twilight began to swirl.
- There is a period at the end of the sentence, since the sentence is narrative and represents a complete statement.
- There are two punctuation marks in the sentence. In the first case, the comma marks two homogeneous gerunds, and in the second case, the comma separates the parts of the compound sentence.
The results should be summed up. If the student is able to memorize this simple algorithm, then he will master the punctuation analysis of the sentence perfectly.