The internal state of a person. Practical skills in assessing people by their external features Shine reflecting any internal state of a person

Twinkle

Fire After joining the Krsna consciousness movement, I planted a Tulasi tree in my home. Under the influence of fanaticism, I decided that everything else was not important and unnecessary. I had a flower in my pot, popularly called a "light", with leaves resembling a nettle, only burgundy

Restless (Kurlov); lascivious (White); fearful (Muizhel); fast (Balmont); trembling (Sologub); dormant (Chekhov); yellowish (Bykov); yellow (Ladyzhensky); gold (Kryukov); playful (Blagov); reddish (Potekhin); hazy red ... ... Dictionary of epithets

twinkle - Light, "Hook", Hook of nasalization (Ogonek) From Polish ogonek tail One of the lower accents [superscript or subscript]. A small crescent-shaped hook on the right under the letter, open to the right. As a rule, it connects with ... ... Font terminology

twinkle -, nka, m. An entertainment collective event with refreshments, musical part, performances of amateur performances. ◘ Somehow Galin's class decided to arrange a “light” at their house (for some reason it turned out to be impossible at school). SiSh, 1984, No. 3, 28. ... ... Explanatory dictionary of the language of the Soviets

Ogonyok see Enthusiasm Dictionary of synonyms of the Russian language. Practical guide... M .: Russian language. Z.E. Aleksandrova. 2011. light n., Number of synonyms: 28 ... Synonym dictionary

twinkle - Lighter, matches. Do you have a light? Youth slang … Dictionary of modern vocabulary, jargon and slang

An illustrated weekly journal of literature, sciences and arts (and then politics and public life), published in St. Petersburg, from 1879 to 1883. Publisher G. Hoppe, editor N.P. Alovert. Employees: G. Danilevsky, Count E. Salias, V. Krestovsky, ... ... Encyclopedic Dictionary of F.A. Brockhaus and I.A. Efron

Spark I m. 1. Sparkling. 2. transfer. Shine, reflecting any inner state of a person (about eyes, eyes, eyes). II m. 1.reduced to n. fire 2., 3. 2. caress. to n. fire 2., 3 ... Modern dictionary Russian language Efremova

Ogonyok (Yakutia), the village of Ust Maysky district (ulus), Sakha Republic (Yakutia). Ogonyok magazine is a Soviet and Russian nationwide weekly illustrated magazine. "Blue light" festive entertainment program of the Soviet (first ... ... Wikipedia

FIRE nka; m. 1. unit only. Reduce caress. к Fire (1 character). Light up about. O. was barely glowing in the oven. Faintly flared up. // Spread. That which burns, from which you can ignite something. A. Got a light? Give me a spark, I want to smoke! / About the origin, origin ... ... encyclopedic Dictionary

twinkle - 1) a match; 2) a hangout for playing cards; 3) weapons ... Thieves' jargon

Books

• Ogonyok - 110 years old (set of 3 books), Ogonyok - 110 years old: Favorites. Ogonyok magazine is 110 years old! It is difficult to find at least one family in our country, where the files of this magazine are not kept, which for such a long time has become a part of not only culture, but also everyday life ...

The face expresses mimic movements, weakening or strengthening them with the look of the eyes. The body, assuming characteristic postures, makes a favorable or unfavorable impression. Gesturing our hands makes us feel like or disliked the person. Finally, speech, which reflects the inner intelligence, makes us admire, wonder, or disappoint in the studied person.
Any person is perceived by us, as a rule, in the form of a holistic image. We form our impression of him, sometimes ignoring many substantive factors. The face, body, hands, voice, speech of the object, which are indicators of its external reactions, seem to elude our attention.
Meanwhile, the face expresses mimic movements, weakening or intensifying them with the look of the eyes. The body, having the appropriate shape, assuming characteristic postures, makes a favorable or unfavorable impression. Gesturing our hands makes us feel like or disliked the person.
The voice, with its inherent range of sound frequencies, resonance, tempo, and other factors, makes us feel pleasant or unpleasant. Finally, speech that reflects inner intelligence makes us admire, wonder, or disappoint in the face being studied.
Thus, when assessing personality by external signs, the leader must understand the reactions of the face, body, hands, voice and speech. Studies of domestic psychologists aim us at studying in this regard: expressive reactions of the face, eye movements, physique, posture, gait, gestures, voice and speech.

1. Expressive facial reactions
In schemes for evaluating people, the face is identified with the whole personality. It speaks of the spiritual world, intelligence and mood of a person. A person's face is used to determine gender, age, race and ethnicity, and sometimes even social status.
In addition, we always try to determine the state and character of a person by the expression of the face and eyes. We are helped in this by the color and density of hair, skin color, wrinkles, facial muscles, etc. We, as a rule, strive to form an opinion about a person based on the reactions of his face.
The art of "face reading" has been known since ancient times. Long time by the face they tried not only to determine character traits, but also to predict fate. Psychologists have spent a lot of time and effort trying to find similarities between facial features and a person's character.
The famous Russian teacher P.F.Lesgaft argued that a person who was not exposed to any strong sensations has a fresh face. Internal fears, which form the basis of a person's anxiety, force him to accompany his actions with a series of unaccountable movements.
PF Lesgaft emphasized, “The hypocrite does not find a place for itself under a lowered eyelid, as if spying on others. By the face, you can determine the national type, the type of intellectual, the type of an official, military man, merchant, peasant, lackey ... The expression of self-confidence, readiness to act, that is, to make movements according to the impressions received (for example, from subordinates), or signs of arrogance ( from the superiors) ".
Practice shows that only the mental state of a person has learned well to determine by the face. Many subtle shades of various emotional disturbances can be read from the facial expression. Even the clash of conflicting feelings, their struggle and confusion are reflected in characteristic external signs and are recognized by the eye of the observer.
It has now been proven that a face can reflect the entire spectrum of a person's emotional state. Research has established universal and individual and emotional expressions. They are based on six systems of facial reactions that specifically reflect surprise, fear, resentment, disgust, joy, and sadness.
As a rule, the assimilation of the features of the manifestation of universal human expression makes it possible to learn to “read” the emotional subtext of the actions of the person of interest. Let's get to know this in more detail using the example of universal human expression.

1.1. Surprise
Surprise Is an instant reaction. She always appears suddenly. If you have time to think about what might surprise you, the surprise won't be fixed on your face. Surprise stimuli: sight of an object, sound, smell, touch, message, idea. The main manifestations of the reaction of surprise should be noted: the eyebrows are lifted up, there are wide wrinkles on the forehead; the eyes are wide, relaxed open, a white sclera is visible above the iris; accordingly, the mouth is open.

1.2. Fear
Fear - This is an emotion that arises in anticipation of something extremely harmful to the individual. The reason for fear may be the expectation of physical pain, some unpleasant events for the person that this person is unable to prevent.
The main manifestations of the fear reaction: the eyebrows are raised, stretched and drawn; short wrinkles on the forehead of the eye are open, a white sclera is visible at the top, the lower eyelid is very tense; the lips are parted, strongly tense and pulled back. Expressing the emotion of fear differs from expressing the emotion of surprise in four ways:

1. with the reaction of surprise, wrinkles pass through the entire forehead, with the reaction of fear, they are shorter and are indicated above the bridge of the nose;
2. eyes are strained;
3. the open mouth is shapelessly distorted, the lips are tense;
4. surprise is a fleeting reaction, and fear is a longer one.

Sometimes the emotion of fear can merge with surprise. This happens when disastrous events are not expected, but occur instantly. By the priority and stability of the manifestation of a particular emotion, one can judge the prevalence of fear or surprise.

1.3. Indignation
Indignation is the result of a mental disorder, physical threat or intent to harm someone mentally or physically. In a state of anger, a person's blood pressure rises, from which the face turns red, veins swell in the temples and neck, breathing quickens, muscles tense.
The main manifestations of the reaction of anger: the eyebrows move, vertical folds appear between them, the outer ends of the eyebrows rise; forehead without horizontal wrinkles; eyes narrow; the lips are tightly compressed, sometimes teeth are bared in a grimace.
In practice, controlled anger (anger) reactions come in two flavors. When the first type of anger appears, its indicator is only the eyebrows, while the face remains neutral. This may be the case when a person:

• is slightly irritated;
• ponders some difficult, unresolvable problem;
• focuses attention on something;
• critically evaluates words, deeds, deeds;
• tries to hide anger from others.

The manifestation of the second type of anger is signaled by: a) eyebrows and eyelids and b) mouth and eyelids. This happens when a person listens to some extremely long, repetitive, uninteresting message.

1.4. Disgust
Disgust is a reaction to the sensation of taste, smell, sound, touch and sight of certain objects, including people. Naturally, the influence of such an object and the manifestation of a reaction to it depend on the culture of the observed and the situation in which he (s) is.
The main manifestations of the reaction of disgust: the eyebrows are lowered; no wrinkles on the forehead; the eyes are narrowed, almost closed; the corners of the lips are lowered. Sometimes, with a strong degree of disgust, the mouth is open and the tongue is stuck out tightly, as with nausea; wrinkles on the nose. The stronger the disgust, the more wrinkles and the tighter the nose.
The spectrum of the reaction of disgust is very wide - from a subtle wrinkling of the nose to the distortion of the entire face in a grimace of nausea. Disgust towards people usually comes in the form of contempt. Expressive reactions of disgust in response to a situation may merge with reactions of surprise and fear.
With a combination of anger and disgust, the latter usually dominates. Expressive reactions here reflect the experience of thought; "How dare you show me this filth?" Combinations of surprise and anger are dominated by anger, while the combination of anger and fear is dominated by fear.

1.5. Joy
Joy experienced as a feeling of exciting and uplifting, relief from something unpleasant or dangerous. The main manifestations of the reaction of joy: the eyebrows and forehead almost do not take part in the formation of expression, the eyes often narrow and shine; the mouth stretches, the corners of the lips rise upward. This emotion of joy can be conveyed in words; “How glad I am!”, “How pleasant I am!”, “How happy I am!”
In some cases, joy can merge with surprise, while, as a rule, the reaction of surprise is recorded only for a moment. Quite often, expressions of joy mask anger and fear.

1.6. Sadness
Sadness most often caused by some kind of loss. It is fixed on the face from several minutes to several days. This emotion has a fairly wide range - from a state of sadness to grief and suffering, when there are screams, screams, convulsive movements of the hands and body. External manifestations, meanwhile, do not always indicate the depth of feelings: some people tend to endure grief in silence, others noisily.
The main manifestations of the sadness reaction: the eyebrows are pulled together, the outer ends are lowered between the eyebrows, small vertical folds; there are short wrinkles in the middle of the forehead, the eyes are slightly open, and a fold in the form of a triangle forms between the lower and upper eyelids; the corners of the mouth are down.
When evaluating the person under study, keep in mind that some people tend to be constantly sad. There are people who never record sadness on their faces. National characteristics leave a very strong imprint on the manifestation of this emotion.
For example, the Scandinavians try to hide their sadness with anger, the Japanese always with a smile. When sadness and fear merge, fear prevails; when sadness and anger merge, anger prevails. At the same time, the position of the eyebrows, characteristic of sadness, is still difficult to knock down.
As a rule, emotions arise in response to some kind of stimulus. At the same time, the arsenal of facial movements for expressing emotions is the same; fear causes tension in the facial muscles, joy causes relaxation, etc.
Thus, when assessing the emotional experiences of people by the face, it is necessary to take into account the nature of the stimulus, the universal human system of emotions, the nationality to which they belong, and the characteristics of the behavior of a particular individual.

2. Eyes
A person involuntarily opens his eyes wide if he suddenly sees something amazing, while the pupils of the eyes dilate uncontrollably. It is noticed that the eyes widen when looking at a person who likes it, and narrow when looking at an unpleasant person.
When a person is satisfied with the information received or wants to think about something, he turns his eyes to the side. If someone catches the eye of another person, then he wants to draw his attention to himself or even enter into a trusting relationship with him. Usually, people look into each other's eyes for about 20% of the time spent in a conversation,
It should be noted that the eyes determine tension, authority, interest, relations of sympathy and antipathy, subordination and domination. The eyes narrow with anger, contempt, a sense of superiority; expand with surprise and fear; close with some degree of fear and shame, become covered with "drag" in a moment of tenderness; fog up with grief and sadness; shine with joy and a sense of hope.
Views are distinguished: sad, tender, suffering, angry, joyful, sorrowful, fearful, self-righteous, bashful, surprise, respect, contempt, strength, triumph, reverence.

3. Body
It is the bearer of data on gender, age, race of a person. The impression that is created when the human body is perceived characterizes it in a certain way. There are three main body types: 1) endomorphic (thick, round); 2) mesomorphic (athletic, muscular); 3) ectomorphic (tall, thin).
In practice, it has already been proven that the endomorphic type, by nature, is most often talkative, benevolent, accommodating; mesomorphic - inclined to take risks, even to leadership, independent; ectomorphic - nervous, tense, etc. Psychiatric and psychological psychiatric examination, as well as sports psychology have a lot of evidence of this.

4. Pose
By it, of course, one can judge the vitality, degree of fatigue, self-confidence, and even the social status of a person. By the way a person strains his muscles, folds his arms and legs, one can draw conclusions about the emotional attitude of a person, his intentions, and his attitude towards other people.
All poses can be roughly divided into two large groups. These are usually tense and relaxed positions. The first indicate a state of alertness, anxiety, readiness for action; the second is about serenity and tranquility. Since posture is associated with muscle activity, it serves as a mood generator. Very often, through the pose, an emotional "infection" of the interlocutor occurs.

5. Gait
Its features depend on both physique and emotional mood. When a person is in a dull state, he, as a rule, drags his feet, very often keeps his hands in his pockets and pulls his head into his shoulders. A person full of energy moves in "leaps": he quickly rushes forward, then he tightens his step.
A self-confident person usually holds his chin high, does not bend his back, waves his arms resolutely and walks in a measured way, clearly wanting to create a positive impression of himself.

6. Hands
Their movement conveys information about all aspects of a person's personality, In life they say that if a person's hands are tied, he becomes speechless, In life, each person has his own style of manipulation, that is, gestures that reflect his belonging to a certain culture.
Very often, gestures indicate a person's ethnic origin, his upbringing, profession, etc. As a rule, gestures are divided into illustrators, regulators, adapters, effectors and emblems.

7. Voice and speech
The voice and speech of the person being studied give us information about his emotional experiences, intelligence, erudition and even character. A person's voice allows us to judge the interlinear meaning of the statement, the speaker's feelings, the degree of his language proficiency, culture and individual psychological characteristics. Exist individual characteristics voices (sound frequency range, resonance, tempo and speech control) and vocal variables (intensity, pitch, length).
All individual characteristics are stable personality characteristics. They make it possible to distinguish one voice from another and, therefore, to evaluate the speaker by the most various aspects... Vocal variables also play an important role in assessing the speaker.
If speech uses the entire spectrum of sounds from high to low tones, they speak of a wide range of voice. If speech is conducted mainly in one key, we are faced with a narrow range of voice. Such speech is called monotonous. We usually raise our voice when we ask a question and lower it when we complete a message.
The resonance should also be noted here - this is a manifestation of such features of the voice as hoarseness, hiss, "rumble", "thunderous" rumbles, etc. The humiliated or subordinate position of a person in life is usually combined with a weak resonance, the imperious nature develops in his voice " metallic shade "and rolling.

7.1. Pace
Pace illustrates the rate of speech production (fast, medium, or slow pace). Each person has a certain rate of speech. The intensity of speech can indicate the degree of a person's emotional state. A person's speech behavior serves as an indicator of his general erudition, intellect, behavior motivation and emotional state.

7.2. Erudition
Erudition can be to a certain extent estimated by the content of speech. Erudition presupposes, first of all, the presence of deep and versatile knowledge. If it is clear from specific statements of a person that he is well versed in various issues, he quickly finds compelling arguments to confirm his point of view, using adequate language means, then we can say about him that he is an erudite person.

7.3. Intelligence
Intelligence a person is assessed by the consistency of the statement and the richness of speech content. Free choice of words, their diverse connection in sentences and, finally, the ease of speech production are indicators of developed intelligence. Various disorders in speech very often signal disturbances in a person's thought processes.
Erudition and intelligence, as well as the motivation of the behavior of the studied person, are related to the meaningful factor of speech. Note that speech is an important informative signaling device when assessing the emotional state of a person of interest to employees, in particular, his emotional tension. Here the leader needs to get acquainted with three of them:

1. features of the choice of words;
2. the specifics of the grammatical design of the statement;
3. perception of speech in a state of emotional tension.

These criteria are currently sufficiently studied and have received experimental confirmation. Let's take a quick look at them.

1. In a state of emotional tension, many people find it difficult to choose words when expressing their thoughts. In particular, the number and duration of pauses increases in comparison with speech flowing under normal conditions. Sometimes, in practice, they are called indecision pauses. There is every reason to believe that long search pauses in many cultures of the peoples of the world are evidence of human emotional tension. To draw the correct conclusion, it is necessary to compare the speech of the studied person in a calm state and a state of emotional tension. In the face of emotional tension vocabulary becomes less diverse. Speech in these cases is characterized by stereotype: the speaker mainly uses the words that are most typical for his dialect, actively uses templates.
2. Grammatical incomplete phrases - different the most important indicator emotionally intense speech ... The grammatical lack of formalization is most characteristic here. Often, in a state of emotional tension, there is a violation of the logical connection between separate statementsleading to ambiguity. A typical feature of emotionally intense speech is a violation of the consistency and consistency of the statement. The speaker is distracted from the main point by focusing on details, which certainly makes it difficult to understand. Often in the future, the speaker realizes the mistake, however, trying to correct it, usually becomes even more confused.
3. The perception of speech in a state of emotional tension has a number of features. In particular, this is a deterioration in mental processing of information and a decrease in "noise immunity". The first leads to a hasty decision, and the second leads to a distortion of the meaning of the perceived. In general, as a result, the perception of speech information significantly changes.

It should be noted that speech is the most important indicator of a person's mental life ... Almost all mental deviations are clearly recorded by speech. It has long been known that speech is a subtle signaling device of a person's personality parameters. Taking into account speech factors in studying the person of interest gives the leader very important and reliable information, which the interested person can hide from an attentive observer only with appropriate special training.

OGONEK

Sparkling.

Shine, reflecting any inner state of a person (about eyes, eyes, eyes).

II m.

decrease. to n. fire 2., 3.

caress. to n. fire 2., 3.

A large modern explanatory dictionary of the Russian language. 2012

See more interpretations, synonyms, meanings of the word and what OGONEK is in Russian in dictionaries, encyclopedias and reference books:

• OGONEK in the Thieves Jargon Dictionary:
  - 1) a match, 2) a piton for playing cards, 3) ...
• FIRE in big soviet encyclopedia, TSB:
  russian Soviet socio-political and literary-artistic illustrated weekly magazine. Published since 1923 in Moscow. First editor - M. E. Koltsov (before ...
• OGONEK in Encyclopedic Dictionary Brockhaus and Euphron:
  illustrated weekly journal of literature, sciences and arts (and then politics and public life), published in St. Petersburg, from 1879 to 1883 ...
• FIRE in the Encyclopedic Dictionary:
  , -nka, m. 1. see fire. 2. transfer. Hobby, enthusiasm (colloquial). Work with a spark. 3. Evening (in 2 meanings) with ...
• OGONEK in the Big Russian Encyclopedic Dictionary:
  "FIRE", weekly. illustrated. society-polit. and lit.-thin. magazine, from 1899, St. Petersburg, from 1923, Moscow. Leads a story from the same name. magazine (published before ...
• OGONEK in the Encyclopedia of Brockhaus and Efron:
  ? illustrated weekly journal of literature, sciences and arts (and then politics and public life), published in St. Petersburg, from 1879 to ...
• FIRE in the Complete Accentuated Paradigm by Zaliznyak:
  light, lights ", light", light "in, light", light "m, light, lights", light "m, light" mi, light ", ...
• OGONEK in the dictionary of Russian Synonyms:
  evening, burning, enthusiasm, light, fire, plant, hobby, flower, ...
• FIRE in the New Explanatory Dictionary of the Russian Language by Efremova:
  
• FIRE in the Dictionary of the Russian language Lopatin:
  light, ...
• FIRE in the Complete Russian Spelling Dictionary:
  light, ...
• FIRE in the Spelling Dictionary:
  light, ...
• OGONEK in the Ozhegov Russian Language Dictionary:
  Colloq passion, enthusiasm Working with a spark. twinkle<= огонь огонек вечер N2 с развлекательной программой, с легким угощением Голубой о. …
• FIRE in the Explanatory Dictionary of the Russian Language by Ushakov:
  light, m. 1. Reduced-caress. to the fire. Sit closer to the light. - Luminous point, shine. In the village beyond the river the light went out. ...
• FIRE in the Explanatory Dictionary of Efremova:
  1.m. 1) Sparkling. 2) transfer. Gloss reflecting the internal state of a person (about the eyes). 2.m. 1) Reduce ...
• OGONEK in the New Dictionary of the Russian Language by Efremova:
  I m. 1. Sparkling. 2. transfer. Shine, reflecting any inner state of a person (about eyes, eyes, eyes). II m. ...
• TOASTS in the Quote Wiki:
  Data: 2007-07-28 Time: 15:40:41 May you always in any work And continue to be accompanied by success Health, happiness, long life We wish you ...
• SOPHIA ROTARU on the Wiki Quote:
  Data: 2008-09-06 Time: 01:10:24 Sofia Rotaru is a Russian, Ukrainian, Moldavian and Soviet pop singer and actress, the first female performer to be awarded ...
• BOTH ON! in the Quote Wiki.
• SMIRNOVA SOFIA IVANOVNA in the Brief Biographical Encyclopedia:
  Smirnova (Sofya Ivanovna) is a talented writer. Born in 1852; married to a famous actor N.F. Sazonov. I started writing very ...
• FINN in the Literary Encyclopedia:
  Konstantin Yakovlevich [Khalfin's pseudonym, 1904—] is a fiction writer and playwright. R. in Moscow, in the family of an employee. He studied at a real school. Worked …
• FEUILLETON in the Literary Encyclopedia:
  a small artistic and journalistic form, typical for periodicals (newspapers, magazines) and characterized by topicality of topics, satirical acuteness or humor. History of the term. Word ...
• RICHTER in the Literary Encyclopedia:
  1. Zinaida Vladimirovna is a modern writer-journalist. She was born into an artistic family. For the first time in print she appeared with “Notes of a Traveler. - On foot ...

How often we scold our children for their slovenliness, but sometimes we do not notice how our usual neatness and cleanliness disappear somewhere. Referring to being very busy and lack of time, we turn a blind eye to this.

A sloppy lifestyle leads to a deterioration in mood and numerous troubles in your personal life. Some believe that it is the inner state of a person that pushes him to the fact that less and less attention is paid to cleanliness and order. Is it so? Let's look at this from a perspective.

I have one drawback - a sharp change in mood, practically independent of external circumstances. And recently, unfortunately, a bad mood began to prevail over a good one. I noticed that the worse my mood, the dirtier mine gets. When it improves, I, feeling an incredible disgust for the mess in the apartment, immediately begin to put things in perfect order, promising myself to always be clean. As soon as the mood deteriorates again, the room gradually turns into ruins.

Noticing this pattern, I wanted to check how others are doing. After visiting several acquaintances and asking them about life, I came to the conclusion that two of them live quite well (their rooms shone with cleanliness and were filled with some kind of extraordinary harmony, fully consistent with the inner state of their owners). But the rooms of the other two friends, alas, were not pleasing to the eye - the condition of the apartments betrayed a hidden internal imbalance in the souls of the owners.

I came to the following conclusion: quarrels with loved ones, problems with, a bad mood destroy our inner balance. After all, how often, spoiling our mood because of some stupidity, we begin to wind up in our head that everything is bad, that no one understands us, etc., thereby “making an elephant out of a fly”. This is how a "chain reaction" arises - we get more and more slaps in the face from life, letting go even in front of household chores.

We call such periods a black stripe or a bandwagon of fate ... But in fact, fate is not to blame for the failures of life, but ourselves, our desire to indulge our weaknesses and self-pity. This contributes to the disruption of internal balance, the body succumbs to negative circumstances, which contributes to irritation, nervousness, and moreover, can lead to different kinds.

So do not scold your children for sloppiness and look at unclean people with contempt. Better support them and help them solve life's problems.

In general, take everything easier. Keep in mind that no problem can be solved by nervousness. One must be able to accept the challenges of life with dignity, looking into her eyes, not being scared, not unstuck and not feeling sorry for oneself. Treating everything with calmness and understanding, you will save not only your nerves, but also your health, well-being and much more.