The Great Patriotic War is a special page in the history of marine units and formations of border troops. Being in the Navy, they bore on their shoulders the whole burden of the struggle against an insidious and cruel enemy, without disgracing their honor and multiplying the glorious combat traditions of the guardians of the Motherland's sea borders. In the North and the Baltic, the Black Sea and Pacific they fought heroically, showing courage and ingenuity, dedication and professional training, military comradeship and readiness for self-sacrifice in the name of Victory. The legendary feats of border guards will forever remain in the history of the troops, serving as an example of serving the Fatherland to all subsequent generations of border soldiers.
From the history of the Border Guard Service of the Russian Federation ...
3.12.1991 The Law of the USSR "On the Reorganization of the State Security Bodies" was adopted, on the basis of which the KGB of the USSR was abolished and the Committee for the Protection of the State Border was formed with the status of an independent union department.
02/18/1992 By the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation No. 145 on the basis of the All-Union Institute for Advanced Training of Officers of the Border Troops of the KGB of the USSR, the Order of Lenin was established as the Red Banner Academy of the Border Troops.
03/20/1992 At the meeting of the heads of the CIS member states in Kiev, an agreement was signed on the creation of the Joint Command of the Border Troops, the "Regulations on the Joint Command of the Border Troops" were approved, and the Agreement on the Status of the CIS Border Troops was adopted.
Published: 21 August 2010Early 19th century was marked by a sharp increase in international tension caused by the policy of the leading European powers.
From 1800 England began to hinder the sea trade of other states. This led to the formation of a union of four northern countries: Russia, Sweden, Prussia and Denmark, interested in the restoration of Catherine's armed neutrality. England took this for a declaration of war and imposed an embargo on all Allied ships in British ports, including the Russians. It seemed that the war was inevitable. But the death of Emperor Paul I on March 11, 1801 changed a lot. Alexander I, who ascended the throne, was a supporter of a peaceful policy.
With the outbreak of the First World War, border guards became part of the active army (except for two Central Asian brigades) and fought on various fronts. According to the research of the professor of the Academy of the General Staff of the tsarist army, General N.P. Golovin, in the First World War, the most persistent and combat-ready were cossack troops and border guards.
Many of them became Cavaliers of St. George. After the February Revolution, when power in Petrograd passed to the Provisional Government, the border guards were asked to "remain completely calm." Despite the revolutionary upheaval, the service continued. However, the situation at the border and in the corps changed dramatically. Corps commander N.A.Pykhachev and chief of staff N.K. Kononov, many generals and officers were dismissed from their posts. The collapse of the corps began.
Published: 21 August 2010General Pronichev's office has a huge globe. The borders of Russia are as much as one and a half equator.
First Deputy Director of the FSB of Russia - Head of the Border Guard Service, Colonel-General Vladimir Pronichev, answers the questions of "KP".
The main border guard of Russia is elusive for journalists. Not because it is "classified". It's just that he happens to be in Moscow between business trips, and this time is rarely calculated in whole days. The frontier economy is equal to one and a half equators of the Earth, but it cannot be pulled into a thread. Still go and get to distant outposts. But the general gets there - it was not in vain that he himself began his service sometime in those parts where not the bosses fell on their heads, but avalanches ...
After the death of Peter I in 1725, Russia faced security challenges southern borders state and access to the Black Sea. The solution of these tasks was directly related to the relations between Russia and Turkey, with further development and strengthening the domestic fleet.
After Anna Ioannovna's accession to the throne, they began to show great concern for the fleet.
In 1732, under the chairmanship of A. Osterman, the Military Naval Commission was created, which identified many ships and vessels incapable of combat, and also outlined a program for updating the ship's personnel. She proposed to have 27 ships, 6 frigates, 2 ferries, 3 bombing ships and 8 packet boats in the fleet. Instead of the pre-existing three large fleet flags (white, blue and red) on all ships navy a single white flag with a blue St. Andrew's cross was introduced. The fleet renewal program was successfully solved. By 1740, the updated Russian fleet consisted of 12 ships of the line, 26 ships of the lower class and 40 galleys. In 1757 there were already 21 battleship and b frigates. These forces were enough to take care of protecting the borders of the state in peacetime.
Published: 21 August 2010Participation in the war in Afghanistan is a special page in the history of the Border Troops. The border troops of the KGB of the USSR did not officially participate in the war on the territory of Afghanistan. And the officers, warrant officers and soldiers who died in Afghanistan were considered dead while protecting the border of the USSR with Afghanistan.
The border guards were outwardly no different from the 40th Army. Soldiers and officers wore the same uniform, they changed their shoulder straps to general ones. The only, perhaps, feature is that all rear services and combat support services, as well as all border aviation, were located on Soviet territory, at the locations of border detachments.
Published: 21 August 2010The origin of military medicine of the Border Guard of the Russian Empire began when russian government headed for the transition from the Border Customs Guard to the border troops.
On August 15 (27), 1827, Emperor Nicholas I approved the "Regulations on the structure of the Border and Customs Guard with a general view thereof ...".
The regulation of 1827 did not provide for medical posts and medical institutions in the state of the Border Customs Guard. "Treating the lower ranks" was ordered in civilian hospitals and field army military hospitals for a fee. State expenses for the treatment of officers and members of their families were not envisaged, although the border service demanded from each ranger and guard to mobilize all physical and moral forces.
Published: 21 August 2010The state border stretches for thousands of kilometers Soviet Union... It passes through the tundra, through the steppes and forests, through the sultry sands of the desert, along inaccessible taiga spurs of mountain ranges, along the surface of the seas and river banks. It stretched out in an endless chain of outposts, sea and air patrols. At every kilometer of the border, from the subtropics to the northern tundra, it is guarded by the faithful sons of the Motherland - soviet border guards... In the heat and cold, in the rain and snowstorm, day and night, warriors in green caps vigilantly carry their honorable and permanent watch, sacredly fulfilling the oath of loyalty to their people.
Published: 21 August 2010Memories of an officer who witnessed the events of March 1969 on Ussuri
Yuri Vitalievich Sologub is a retired colonel.
Recent reports on the final settlement of border problems between The Russian Federation and Chinese People's Republic inevitably made me remember the events of almost 40 years ago. After all, they took place in those places Of the Far East, which were the subject of a long-standing dispute between one state and another. And I wanted to put everything on paper as it was, without hiding. And I hope that the readers of "NVO" will understand: all this is being told by a retired colonel-tanker, not a writer or a journalist. So I ask you not to judge strictly for the quality of what was written ...
Published: 21 August 2010Serpent's Shafts
In the III-VII centuries. to protect against moving westward and replacing each other steppe nomads The Dnieper Slavs erected a system of ancient defensive structures along the borders of their territories - the Zmievy Shafts. Ramparts passed south of present Kiev along both banks of the Dnieper along its tributaries. Their remains have survived today along the rivers Vit, Krasnaya, Stugna, Trubezh, Sula, Ros, etc.
The name Serpent Val comes from folk legends about ancient Russian heroes who pacified and harnessed the Serpent (an allegory of the image of formidable nomads, evil and violence) into a giant plow, which was used to plow a furrow-moat that marked the country's borders. According to another version, the Zmievy Shafts are named after their characteristic serpentine configuration of location on the ground. Similar structures are also known in the Dniester region under the name "Troyanovy Vali".
Published: 21 August 2010In the difficult trials of the Great Patriotic War
On June 22, 1941, the air units stationed on the western border, like all land and sea units of the border troops, were suddenly attacked by the fascist troops.
The personnel of the 10th and 11th air squadrons, the 7th naval air squadron and the 6th separate air squadron from the very first days of the war fought side by side with units of the Red Army Air Force and Marine Forces, invariably showed high flying skills. The skills gained in the process of combat training in peacetime were especially useful to the flight personnel in wartime. Bombing from various heights, aerial machine-gun fire at a cone and at targets on the ground, etc. - these elements, although they were not required directly to guard the border, were carefully practiced by the personnel. As it turned out, this method of training border guards was justified.
Published: 21 August 2010The 18th century was a time of major territorial acquisitions of Russia, military successes, the formation of the Russian Empire, and the implementation of administrative reforms. These deeds are primarily associated with the names of Peter the Great, Catherine II and the outstanding Russian commanders A. V. Suvorov and P. A. Rumyantsev.
Published: 21 August 2010There are many significant dates in the history of the protection of the borders of Russia, which, like bright milestones, mark the stages of its glorious and long journey. One of them is on October 27, 1893. On this day, the Russian emperor Alexander III signed a decree establishing the Separate Border Guard Corps. 15 (27) October 2003 marked the 110th anniversary of the Separate Border Guard Corps.
Published: 21 August 2010THE KONIGSBERG ORDER OF LENIN AND THE RED STAR BORDER SQUAD, one of the most famous military units troops of the NKVD of the USSR and the modern Border Service of the FSB of Russia, the heiress of the combat glory of the 95th Border Order of Lenin of the Border Regiment of the NKVD of the USSR and the 31st Border Regiment of the Königsberg Order of the Red Star of the Border Regiment of the NKVD of the USSR, the connection of the modern Red Banner Border Directorate of the FSB of Russia in the Kaliningrad region.
Published: 21 August 2010Over its almost 180-year history, the Russian Border Troops have been repeatedly subordinated to various ministries and departments and have had different names; border guards, border guards, Border troops, bodies and troops of the Federal border service, Border Guard Service of the FSB of Russia.
Accordingly, the names of the military medicine governing body were changed: the Medical Unit of the Separate Border Guard Corps (OKPS), the Sanitary Inspection of the Main Directorate of the Border Guard, the Sanitary (later - Military Medical) Department of the Main Directorate of the Border Troops, the Military Medical Directorate of the Federal Border Service.
Published: 21 August 2010The first mention of the state border guard in Russia dates back to 1512, when, after another attack by the Crimean Khan grand Duke Vasily III "established his land with outposts". It was from this time that the protection of the borders of the Russian state began to be called the border service.
Published: 21 August 2010Separate Border Guard Corps Russian Empire at the beginning of the last century, he had in his arsenal a far from rich selection of weapons. It usually consisted of a dragoon saber and a Berdan single-shot rifle. More, as it seemed to the then officials, was not necessary, since the then “Rules on the Separate Border Guard Corps” and “Instructions for the Service of Officers of the OKPS” made the use of firearms incredibly difficult. They prescribed "not to kill a person, but, if possible, to wound" and "to use weapons only in real need and, moreover, with the greatest caution and circumspection." The border guards had to avoid directing shots to the adjacent territory, shooting when they were on the border line, and if they did shoot, then so “so that the bullets would not ricochet to the wrong side”.
Published: 05 April 2010"Border guards are sacrificial troops"
The first border guards can be considered three heroes who defended Russia from the visits of malicious "foreign tourists". But legends are legends ... The very first documentary evidence is dated 1512. Then, after another attack of the Crimean Khan, the Grand Duke Vasily the Third established his lands with outposts. And on February 16, 1571, Ivan the Terrible determined the border charter of the village and guard services.
Posted March 30, 2010My grandfather, Dmitry Avramchuk, on June 21, 1941, took over as the operational duty officer for the August border detachment. Quite recently I found several sheets of paper written by him with memories of the first day of the war. He wrote, as far as I understood, at the request of one of the children of colleagues. If you are interested in details, I will reprint it. By the way, he recalled that the outposts had been raised in advance and were waiting for an attack. No one in the troops at the level of the border detachments gagged about possible start wars and reports about it regularly went to Moscow without repressive consequences.
Posted March 30, 2010At the expense of the OGSR ... in 1995 they were also created in the PV of the Russian Federation in Tajikistan ... in each detachment, with the central OGSR which was based in Dushanbe and was subordinate, initially, to the intelligence department of the PG, then to the headquarters ... of officers and warrant officers. OGSR detachments, basically, worked at the place of their deployment, although sometimes they were on business trips and in other detachments as reinforcements ... The most numerous in the state, called "in the open space" - "Dushanbe Sigma", the first whose composition, by the way, underwent training, receiving, respectively, 2 ensign stars for shoulder straps, in the GRU special forces training in Pecheri, worked along the entire border when an operational need demanded ...
I read all the reports about the border special forces.
Your message is most fully true.
Time has passed. Thanks to the head of the press service of the Border Group of the Federal Border Guard Service of Russia in the Republic of Tajikistan, Kondratyev A.I. four books have been published on the historical path of the Frontier Group from creation to reduction. On the cover of one of these books there are many real photographs of the guys from the Pyanj ogsp.
In 1995, there was an urgent need for surgical actions to implement specific information on countering illegal activities across the Tajik-Afghan border. In the period from 1997 to 2000, the ogspr became an effective tool for the harsh suppression of the actions of drug traffickers, whose actions were covered by the actions of Afghan militants. The military reconnaissance platoons, which were created in 1997, were no less effective and efficient. The composition of the ogspr and vvr was multinational. They were distinguished by high training and dedication to their traditions. November 5 was considered their holiday. The smugglers immediately appreciated their worthy opponents, they were afraid and respected - they knew that when they met in the zone where the border guards were stationed, it would be impossible to "agree". The PW totem has always been a service dog. The totem of the military intelligence units is the wolf. Hence the appearance of the emblem, which appeared after 2000. In the period 1997-2000, there was no time for that. It was very dangerous to glow.
Initially, the training program was as close as possible to the usual program of special forces units. In 1998, the training programs for the ogspr and vvr were adjusted taking into account the training program for the vpbs (platoons of increased combat ability of the times of the KGB PV), which made it possible to maximally adapt the special forces and military intelligence units to actions in the conditions of daily protection of the state border (the state border was guarded by border outposts. DShMG and MMG were used for amplification in sections of the POGZ).
The history of the application and use of ogspr and vvr PG FPS RF in the Republic of Tatarstan is unique, the experience of use is worthy of study - the conditions of use are very diverse - in the area of \u200b\u200bthe Pyanj pogo there is an abundance of powerful reed thickets and islands, in the area of \u200b\u200bthe Moscow detachment there are reeds on the right flank, in the center of the plain and foothills , on the left flank of the mountain, in the areas of Kalai-Khumbsky, Khorogsky, Ishkashimsky pogo - mountains, rocks, in the section of the Murghab detachment - high mountains (more than 4000 m above sea level). Now these names have gone down in history. In each of these units there were ogspr, vvr. Their experience is invaluable.
Imperial Troops
Below is a complete list of Imperial troops, distinctive feature which are:
- reduced content;
- increased combat performance;
- increased maneuverability;
It is worth noting that these troops are available only as a reward in Story Missions and in the periodically appearing Global Missions.
Armored vehicles
Imperial Strike Tank
All the same light and maneuverable attack tank "Scorpion", but of the imperial class. Assumes lower maintenance costs.
| Carries resources when robbed | 150 |
|---|---|
| Content Cost | 1 Cr / h |
| Speed | 180 km / h |
| Susceptible to Mutation | No |
Imperial armored reporter
The Imperial class of the Varan armored personnel carrier suggests more high speed traffic and lower maintenance costs.
| Carries resources when robbed | 120 |
|---|---|
| Content Cost | 1 Cr / h |
| Speed | 180 km / h |
| Susceptible to Mutation | No |
Artillery
The secret weapon of the Red Demos - the swift "Sun extinguishers" were to be put to war, destroying Earth Zero and General Lapidus. They were already in orbit when the general launched Project Cocoon. The legendary weapon lost control and was left to drift in space, waiting for new owners. The Imperial class of the Splinter offers higher speed and lower maintenance costs.
| Carries resources in the robbery | 700 |
|---|---|
| Content Cost | 1.5 Cr / h |
| Speed | 180 km / h |
| Susceptible to Mutation | No |
Nicknamed "Heavenly Thunders", these new type of artillery mounts provided protection of the Capital during a prolonged siege. The Imperial Gauss Cannon class implies a lower maintenance cost and increased defense against infantry and armored vehicles.
| Carries resources when robbed | 200 |
|---|---|
| Content Cost | 1.5 Cr / h |
| Speed | 120 km / h |
| Susceptible to mutation? | No |
Aviation
During the War, the enemies of the Empire have understood for themselves one immutable truth: where the imperial cruisers of the Retribution class appear, only radioactive dust remains. All shipyards for their production were strictly classified. The Imperial cruiser offers increased combat performance and reduced maintenance costs.
| Carries resources when robbed | 1750 |
|---|---|
| Content Cost | 2 Cr / h |
| Speed | 180 km / h |
| Susceptible to Mutation? | No |
Imperial Interceptor
The new Camouflage-Max optical system and ultra-fast bipolar engines made the Phoenix interceptors faster, stronger and faster. The Imperial class implies high speed, increased defense against infantry and armored vehicles, and reduced maintenance costs.
It is no secret to anyone that ensuring the safety of citizens is a paramount state task that can be successfully carried out only thanks to a professional, combat-ready army. At the same time, it is very important to ensure the protection and integrity of territorial borders, and the armed forces succeed in this in the person of border troops. They can provide a peaceful sky over your head.
It should be noted that service at the border is a school of loyalty to the Motherland and patriotism. From century to century, the great military traditions of the soldier who protect the territory of the Fatherland are passed on.
A bit of history
It should be emphasized that the border troops appeared quite a long time ago, their history goes back several centuries. Even in ancient times, when nomads attacked Russia, the princes were forced to build heroic outposts and fortresses-cities on the outskirts of their possessions.
The countries of the Soviets were established by a special order of the Council of People's Commissars on May 28, 1918. During the period civil war the soldiers guarding the state border were transferred to the subordination of the People's Commissariat for Military Affairs. It is on May 28 that the Day of Border Troops is celebrated in our country.
It was especially difficult for soldiers in "green caps" during the Great Patriotic War... It was they who steadfastly and heroically took upon themselves the main blow of the fascist invaders. A striking confirmation is about 17,000 soldiers were awarded medals and orders, and over 150 people earned the title of Hero of the Soviet Union.
In the postwar years, they became controlled by the Main Directorate of the KGB of the USSR. In 1993, the Federal Border Service was established, and in the spring of 2003 the head of state abolished it and transferred the functions of the FSB.
Features of the structure of the border troops
The main combat force of the troops guarding the border of our state is the border outpost, which is based at a remote distance from large settlements. Its numbers usually range from 30 to 50 fighters.
They are also empowered to exercise control at seaports, airports, checkpoints, as well as international automobile checkpoints.
In the USSR, a huge number of films on military topics were shot, and every resident of the country of that period knew what a real border guard looked like. He was a brave warrior who carefully looks out for trespassers through binoculars. And, of course, next to the soldier there is always a loyal and devoted friend - a dog. Even today it helps to find drugs and explosive devices at international automobile checkpoints, despite the fact that the border troops have modern and technological weapons in their arsenal.
Combat vehicles
Currently, soldiers protecting the country's territorial integrity can use combat helicopters, cargo planes, military boats and ships to carry out their tasks.
Border guard today
In modern conditions, service in the border troops is an honorable and responsible mission. Today it is performed by about one hundred thousand officers and soldiers.
Many young people today are attracted to the contract service. Border troops have recently only been made up of mercenaries - this is a common practice. Currently, about 11 regional border service departments are successfully functioning, which protect about 60,932.8 kilometers of Russian borders from encroachment. Every day in our country over 10,000 detachments take over for service, 80 aircraft and helicopters, 100 border ships are used.
The Russian Border Troops responsibly fulfill their function on the external borders of Tajikistan and Armenia. Previously, task forces of the border service were formed in Kyrgyzstan, Belarus and Kazakhstan. Moreover, it should be noted that our soldiers are actively participating in the ranks of the KFOR peacekeeping force to resolve the conflict in Kosovo.
Today, it includes border service agencies, institutions of the previously abolished FPS, as well as all structures, buildings and material and technical base necessary for the maintenance of troops protecting the integrity of the state.
Requirements for new recruits border guards
Guys who want to replenish the border troops of the FSB must definitely serve in the army and be morally stable. In 2008, the requirements for those who want to become a soldier guarding the state border were tightened.
At the same time, one must take into account the fact that conscript service in the above-mentioned branch of the military has been canceled, and now only those who go to serve under a contract can try on green caps. You also need to take into account the age criterion - the border guards are accepted from 18 to 38 years old. It is welcome when a young man has previously completed military service at the border. Young people dreaming of border troops should also remember that only those who have received a complete secondary education are worthy of this. And, of course, a future border guard warrior must have impeccable health, both in the physical and mental sense of the word. The moral preparation of the soldier is no less important, since the specificity of the service presupposes a long stay of a person away from settlements, moreover, in a purely male team.
What qualities a soldier should have
Security state borders involves carrying out border patrols. In other words, a soldier must patrol long distances on foot (20-30 kilometers), and not always in comfortable conditions, for example, in mountainous areas. That is why the border guard must be as hardy as possible.
However, this is not enough to impeccably protect the borders of the Motherland. It is important to be vigilant at all times and be able to concentrate quickly at the moment of danger. To fight the enemy effectively, skills in hand-to-hand combat and the ability to organize ambushes will not interfere.
Who selects candidates for border guards
Those who dream of serving in the border troops should write a corresponding statement and address it to the FSB border department at their place of residence. As a rule, it takes from two to three months to consider an application and check all documents. It should be noted that the verification is carried out in the most thorough manner. All the family ties of a potential border guard are being studied in detail, and if it suddenly turns out that the brother or uncle of the future defender was in trouble with the law, then it is very likely that service at the border will be denied.
Outfit
The question of what kind of clothes the border guards wore is quite interesting. It should be noted that after the October Revolution, the uniform of the border troops did not differ in anything special: a gray overcoat, dark blue trousers, a cap with a blue band and boots with spurs.
In the 30s of the last century, when the border troops were part of the NKVD structure, it was decided to sew a uniform for the soldiers that was different from the Red Army uniform. Now the soldiers began to wear a cap with a light green top and a black chin strap. A woolen cap was provided for the commanders, and the rank and file wore a cotton cap without edging. At the same time, as before, the budenovka helmet of a grayish hue was preserved. There was also an innovation: Soviet fashion designers came up with a gray raincoat, made of wool.
In the 40s, the country's leadership decided to minimize the variety of clothing, since it was necessary to optimize it as much as possible for wartime conditions. A uniform color was chosen for all soldiers. At the same time, warm uniforms and hats with earflaps were invented.
During the Great Patriotic War, shoulder straps were introduced, which in the border troops were made in the likeness of shoulder straps pre-revolutionary Russia... The soldiers guarding state borders wore double-breasted uniforms at that time. Top management border troops had the right to wear green stripes.
Over time, Soviet uniforms began to look more and more like European military clothing, for example, it was decided to abandon the blue color of trousers, and the uniform for soldiers became monochromatic. The privates donned uniform shirts with a tie, as they were required to wear an open single-breasted suit. The officers were allowed to show off in aquamarine formal attire. Subsequently, additional accessories appeared on the uniform: the letters "PV" began to flaunt on the shoulder straps of the border guards.
Today, an integral attribute of a soldier guarding the borders of the Motherland is a green beret and a cap with a green crown.
It should be noted that the modern uniform of the border guard cannot be called ideal, and work on its modernization is in full swing.
Flag
It is very curious that the flag of the border troops in the navy, approved at the state level back in the 20s of the last century, like the uniform of the soldiers, is green. In other words, it was a light green cloth with a smaller version of the cantonal naval flag in the upper left corner.
The modern flag of the border troops is a four-pointed emerald cross on a scarlet background, in the center of which is the emblem of the Federal Border Guard Service of the Russian Federation with silver swords.