In the article we will analyze the "French Lessons". This is the work of V. Rasputin, which is quite interesting in many ways. We will try to compose own opinion about this work, and also consider the various artistic techniques that were applied by the author.
History of creation
Let's start our analysis of French Lessons with the words of Valentin Rasputin. Once in 1974, in an interview with an Irkutsk newspaper called Soviet Youth, he said that, in his opinion, only his childhood can make a person a writer. At this time, he must see or feel something that will allow him to take up the pen in an older age. And while he said that education, life experience, books can also strengthen such a talent, but it should be born in childhood. In 1973, the story "French Lessons" was published, the analysis of which we will consider.
Later, the writer said that he did not have to look for prototypes for his story for a long time, since he was familiar with the people he wanted to talk about. Rasputin said that he just wants to return the good that others once did for him.
The story tells about Anastasia Kopylova, who was the mother of Rasputin's friend, playwright Alexander Vampilov. It should be noted that the author himself singles out this work as one of the best and favorite. It was written thanks to Valentine's childhood memories. He said that this is one of those memories that warms the soul, even when you briefly remember them. Recall that the story is completely autobiographical.
Once, in an interview with the correspondent of the Literatura v shkola magazine, the author talked about how Lydia Mikhailovna came to visit. By the way, in the work she is named by her real name. Valentine spoke about their gatherings when they drank tea and for a long, long time remembered the school and their village is very old. Then it was the happiest time for everyone.
Genre and genre
Continuing the analysis of "French Lessons", let's talk about the genre. The story was written during the heyday of this genre. In the 1920s, the most prominent representatives were Zoshchenko, Babel, Ivanov. In the 60s and 70s, a wave of popularity passed to Shukshin and Kazakov.
It is the story, unlike other prose genres, that responds most quickly to the slightest changes in the political situation and social life. This is due to the fact that such a work is quickly written, so it displays information promptly and in a timely manner. In addition, correcting this work does not take as much time as correcting an entire book.
In addition, the story is rightfully considered the oldest and very first literary genre. Brief retelling events was known in primitive times. Then people could tell each other about a duel with enemies, hunting and other situations. We can say that the story arose simultaneously with speech, and it is primordially inherent in humanity. Moreover, it is not only a way of transmitting information, but also a means of memory.
It is believed that such a prose work should be up to 45 pages. An entertaining feature of this genre is that it is read literally in one breath.
An analysis of Rasputin's French Lessons will allow us to understand that this is a very realistic work with notes of autobiography, which narrates from the first person and is captivating.
Subject
The writer begins his story with the words that in front of teachers it is very often as shameful as in front of parents. At the same time, I am ashamed not for what happened in the school, but for what was taken out of it.
Analysis of French Lessons shows that the main theme works are the relationship between student and teacher, as well as spiritual life, illuminated by knowledge and moral meaning. Thanks to the teacher, the formation of a person occurs, he acquires a certain spiritual experience. Analysis of the work of "French Lessons" by VG Rasputin leads to the understanding that for him the real example was Lydia Mikhailovna, who led him through real spiritual and moral lessonsthat will be remembered for a lifetime.
Idea
Even brief analysis Rasputin's French Lessons allows us to understand the idea of \u200b\u200bthis work. Let's figure it out gradually. Of course, if a teacher plays for money with his student, then, from the point of view of pedagogy, he commits a terrible act. But is it really so, and what could be behind such actions in reality? The teacher sees that there are hungry post-war years outside, and her very strong student does not finish eating. She also understands that the boy will not accept help directly. Therefore, she invites him to her home for additional tasks, for which she rewards him with food. She also gives him parcels allegedly from her mother, although in fact she herself is the real sender. A woman deliberately loses to a child in order to give him her change.
Analysis of "French Lessons" allows you to understand the idea of \u200b\u200bthe work, hidden in the words of the author himself. He says that we learn from books not experience and knowledge, but primarily feelings. It is literature that fosters feelings of nobility, kindness and purity.
main characters
Consider the main characters in the analysis of "French Lessons" by V.G. Rasputin. We are watching an 11-year-old boy and his French teacher Lidia Mikhailovna. The woman, according to the description, is not more than 25 years old, she is soft and kind. She reacted to our hero with great understanding and sympathy, and truly fell in love with his dedication. She managed to see in this child the unique learning abilities, and she could not help herself not to help them develop. As you can understand, Lydia Mikhailovna was an extraordinary woman who felt compassion and kindness to the people around her. However, she paid for this by being fired from her job.
Volodya
Now let's talk a little about the boy himself. He amazes with his desire not only the teacher, but also the reader. He is irreconcilable, and wants to gain knowledge in order to break out into people. The boy tells the story that he always studied well and strive for better result... But often he found himself in not very funny situations and he got it badly.
Plot and composition
An analysis of the story "French Lessons" by Rasputin cannot be imagined without considering the plot and composition. The boy says that in 48 he went to the fifth grade, or rather went. They only had in the village primary School, therefore, in order to study in best location, he had to pack up early and go 50 km to the regional center. Thus, the boy is torn out of the family nest and his usual environment. At the same time, the realization comes to him that he is the hope not only of his parents, but of the whole village. In order not to let all these people down, the child overcomes melancholy and cold, and tries to show his abilities as much as possible.
The young teacher of the Russian language treats him with special understanding. She begins to study with him additionally in order to feed the boy and help him a little. She perfectly understood that this proud child would not be able to accept her help directly, as she was an outsider. The idea with the parcel was a failure, as she bought urban products, which immediately gave her away. But she found another opportunity and invited the boy to play with her for money.
Climax
The culmination of the event occurs at the moment when the teacher has already started this dangerous game with noble motives. In this, readers with the naked eye understand the whole paradox of the situation, since Lydia Mikhailovna perfectly understood that for such a relationship with a student, she could not only lose her job, but also receive criminal liability. The child was not yet fully aware of all the possible consequences of such behavior. When trouble struck, he began to take Lydia Mikhailovna's deed deeper and more seriously.
The final
The ending of the story echoes the beginning a little. The boy receives a parcel with Antonov's apples, which he has never tasted. You can also draw a parallel with the first unsuccessful sending of his teacher, when she bought pasta. All these details bring us to the end.
An analysis of Rasputin's French Lessons allows us to see the big heart of a little woman and how a little ignorant child opens up before it. Everything here is the lessons of humanity.
Artistic originality
The writer describes with great psychological accuracy the relationship between a young teacher and a hungry child. In the analysis of the work "French Lessons" it should be noted the kindness, humanity and wisdom of this story. The action flows in the narrative rather slowly, the author pays attention to many everyday details. But, despite this, the reader is immersed in the atmosphere of events.
As always, Rasputin's language is expressive and simple. He uses phraseological turns in order to improve the imagery of the entire work. Moreover, his phraseological units can most often be replaced with one word, but then a certain charm of history will be lost. The author also uses some jargons and common words, which give the boy's stories realism and vitality.
Value
After analyzing the work "French Lessons", one can draw conclusions about the meaning of this story. Note that the work of Rasputin has been attracting modern readers for many years. Depicting everyday life and everyday situations, the author manages to present spiritual lessons and moral laws.
Based on the analysis of Rasputin's French Lessons, we can see how he perfectly describes complex and progressive characters, as well as how the characters have changed. Reflections on life and man allow the reader to find goodness and sincerity in himself. Of course, the main character got into a difficult situation, like all people of that time. However, from the analysis of Rasputin's French Lessons, we see that difficulties temper the boy, due to which his strong qualities are manifested more and more vividly.
Later, the author said that, analyzing his whole life, he understands that best friend for him was his teacher. Despite the fact that he has already lived a lot and has gathered many friends around him, Lidia Mikhailovna does not get out of his head.
Summing up the article, let's say that the real prototype of the heroine of the story was L.M. Molokov, who really studied French with V. Rasputin. All the lessons he learned from this, he transferred into his work and shared with readers. Everyone who yearns for school and childhood and wants to plunge into this atmosphere again should read this story.
"French Lessons" the main characters of Rasputin's story live in difficult times, but they do not forget about honor and kindness.
Rasputin "French Lessons" main characters
The main characters of the story are an eleven-year-old boy and a French teacher Lidia Mikhailovna.
Minor heroes:
- boy's mother,
- school director - Vasily Andreevich.
- Aunt Nadia is the woman with whom the main character lives.
- Ptakha - classmate of the protagonist
- Vadik
- Fedka is the youngest son of Aunt Nadia.
"French lessons" characteristics of the teacher
Lydia Mikhailovna is a teacher of French, smart and beautiful. “An extraordinary man, not like everyone else”, “… special, some kind of fabulous creature”.
Character traits of Lydia Mikhailovna: sensitivity, compassion, self-esteem, generosity, responsiveness, honesty, courage, courage
Lydia Mikhailovna was no more than twenty-five years old and "there was no cruelty in her face." “She was sitting in front of me, neat, all smart and beautiful, beautiful both in clothes and in her young feminine era,…, I could smell the perfume from her, which I took for the very breath.”
Lydia Mikhailovna appears as a model of humanity and mercy, deciding to help a lonely boy adapt to life in the city. Having learned about his games for money and the purpose of this game (to be able to buy food), she is imbued with sympathy for the boy and, under the pretext of additional French lessons, takes unofficial custody of him. The main character, somewhere subconsciously feels that Lydia Mikhailovna herself is lonely to the depths of her soul, that snatches of her phrases give out, sometimes a pensive and detached look, he feels her sincerely, and sometimes an awkward desire to help, which ultimately forces his soul to open up in front of this once mysterious and inaccessible teacher.
Lydia Mikhailovna opened the boy new world, showed “another life” (in the teacher’s house, the boy even seemed saturated with “light and unfamiliar smells of another life”), where people can trust each other, support and help, share grief, and relieve loneliness. The boy recognized "red apples", which he had never dreamed of. Now he learned that he is not alone, that there is kindness, compassion, love in the world. These are true spiritual values.
Lydia Mikhailovna is endowed with an extraordinary ability for compassion and kindness, for which she suffered, having lost her job.
"French lessons" characteristics of the main character
At the center of the story the main character is a clumsy boy from the village.He came to study at the district school in post-war time... “A skinny, wild boy ... unkempt without a mother and lonely, in an old, washed jacket on saggy shoulders, which was just right on his chest, but from which his hands were far out; in light green trousers, altered from his father's breeches and tucked into teal, ”- this is how the protagonist can be outwardly described.
Boy traits: honesty, perseverance, courage, courage, perseverance, will, independence... Obviously, these features of his character were formed precisely against the background of a dysfunctional post-war life, which is why he learned to value and respect those around him.
The boy received lessons in goodness and courage. He not only studied additional French, but also received life lessons: he learned to forgive insults, gained the experience of experiencing loneliness. He realized that true good does not require a reward, it is disinterested, good has the ability to spread, be passed from person to person and return to the one from whom it came.
Lydia Mikhailovna opened a new world for the boy, where people can trust each other, support and help, share grief and joy, relieve loneliness. The boy recognized "red apples", which he had never dreamed of. Now he learned that he is not alone, that there is kindness, compassion, love in the world. These are true spiritual values.
Now you know who the main characters of the story "French Lessons" by Rasputin are and how they helped each other in life.
The main character
The protagonist is 11 years old. He is in 5th grade. The main character is a boy from a poor family. He is a capable boy. He's a good student at school. From the age of 11, he lives separately from his family in the regional center. Here he goes to school and lives in an apartment with a friend's aunt Nadia. The main character is a modest and silent boy.
Teacher Lydia Mikhailovna
Lydia Mikhailovna - teacher of French and classroom teacher Main character. She is about 25 years old. She is a smart and beautiful girl. Lydia Mikhailovna is a caring and attentive teacher. She follows the lives of her students and delves into their problems. She helps the protagonist earn food when he is starving.
Head teacher
The director of the school is Vasily Andreevich. He has been a director for 20 years. Vasily Andreevich is a strict and tough person. Pupils at the school are very afraid of the principal. He loves to scold students in front of the entire school and brings them to tears. The director fires Lidia Mikhailovna when she finds out that she is playing for money with a student. The principal does not understand that the teacher was helping the student.
Vadik
Vadik is in the 7th grade in the same school with the main character. He is about 13 years old. Vadik is an angry and cruel boy. He offends the younger guys. The kids are afraid of him and do not dare to argue with him. Vadik is friends with another bully - Ptah. Together they beat the main character several times for arguing with them.
Ptah
Ptah is the boy's nickname. The real name of the hero is not known. Ptakha studies in the same class as the main character. Ptakha is about 12 years old. He stayed for the second year and is back in grade 5. Ptah is an angry and pugnacious boy. He starts fights for any reason. Ptakha always walks with Vadik. Ptakha and Vadik beat the main character while playing chiku.
Mother of the protagonist
The protagonist's mother is a simple Russian woman. She alone contains three children. The main character's family is very poor. The mother, with the last bit of strength, sends her son parcels to the regional center. Sometimes she comes to visit her son. The main character loves his mother and family. He misses them in separation.
Aunt Nadia
Aunt Nadia is the woman with whom the main character lives. Aunt Nadia is a lonely, wounded woman with three children. Aunt Nadia does not live well. She or her children steal food from the main character. Therefore, the boy goes hungry all the time.
Fedka
Fedka is the youngest son of Aunt Nadia. Fedka introduces the main character to Vadik and Ptah.
More details.
"French lessons" characteristics of the main character
In the center of the story, the main character is a clumsy boy from the village. He came to study at the district school in the post-war period. “A skinny, wild boy ... unkempt without a mother and lonely, in an old, washed jacket on saggy shoulders, which was just right on his chest, but from which his hands were far out; in light green trousers, altered from his father's breeches and tucked into teal, ”- this is how the protagonist can be outwardly described.
Boy's character traits: honesty, perseverance, courage, courage, perseverance, will, independence. Obviously, these features of his character were formed precisely against the background of a dysfunctional post-war life, which is why he learned to appreciate and respect those around him. The boy received lessons in goodness and courage. He not only studied additional French, but also received life lessons: he learned to forgive insults, gained the experience of experiencing loneliness. He realized that true good does not require a reward, it is disinterested, good has the ability to spread, be passed from person to person and return to the one from whom it came.
Lydia Mikhailovna opened a new world for the boy, where people can trust each other, support and help, share sorrow and joy, and get rid of loneliness. The boy recognized "red apples", which he had never dreamed of. Now he learned that he is not alone, that there is kindness, compassion, love in the world. These are true spiritual values.
"French lessons" characteristics of the teacher
Lydia Mikhailovna is a teacher of French, smart and beautiful. “An extraordinary man, not like everyone else”, “… special, some kind of fabulous creature”. Character traits of Lydia Mikhailovna: sensitivity, mercy, self-esteem, generosity, responsiveness, honesty, courage, courage Lydia Mikhailovna was no more than twenty-five years old and "there was no cruelty in her face." “She was sitting in front of me, neat, all smart and beautiful, beautiful both in clothes and in her young feminine era,…, I could smell the perfume from her, which I took for the very breath.”
Lydia Mikhailovna appears as a model of humanity and mercy, deciding to help a lonely boy adapt to life in the city. Having learned about his games for money and the purpose of this game (to be able to buy food), she is imbued with sympathy for the boy and, under the pretext of additional French lessons, takes unofficial custody of him. The main character, somewhere subconsciously feels that Lydia Mikhailovna herself is lonely to the depths of her soul, that snatches of her phrases give out, sometimes a pensive and detached look, he feels her sincerely, and sometimes an awkward desire to help, which ultimately forces his soul to open up in front of this once mysterious and inaccessible teacher.
Lydia Mikhailovna opened a new world to the boy, showed him “another life” (in the teacher’s house the boy even seemed saturated with “light and unfamiliar smells of another life”), where people can trust each other, support and help, share grief, and relieve loneliness. The boy recognized "red apples", which he had never dreamed of. Now he learned that he is not alone, that there is kindness, compassion, love in the world. These are true spiritual values. Lydia Mikhailovna is endowed with an extraordinary ability for compassion and kindness, for which she suffered, having lost her job.
Characteristics of the main characters of the story "French Lessons" by V. Rasputin with quotes
Valentin Rasputin described a wonderful example of humanity in his story "French Lessons". It is difficult to find a story that is equally subtle and light at the same time, where the relationship between teacher and student is so touchingly illuminated.
In the center of the work, the main character is a clumsy boy from the village who came to study at a district school in the post-war period. “A skinny, wild boy ... unkempt without a mother and lonely, in an old, washed jacket on saggy shoulders, which was just right on his chest, but from which his hands were far out; in altered from his father's riding breeches and tucked into teal light green trousers "- this is how the protagonist can be outwardly described. Lonely, eternally hungry and distrustful, he is nevertheless attractive primarily for his character traits: honesty, conscientiousness, thirst for justice and remarkable stubbornness, which helps him achieve his goals. Obviously, these features of his character were formed precisely against the background of a dysfunctional post-war life, which is why he learned to value and respect those around him. Knowing the sacrifices his mother made to ensure that he attended the district school, he understands the full responsibility entrusted to him, which contributes to the development of a conscientious attitude towards learning in him. He is successful in almost all subjects, except for the "mysterious and incomprehensible" French language taught by Lydia Mikhailovna.
The teacher of the French language admires the protagonist by the fact that, radically different from him, appears before him as a kind of sorceress, an unearthly and sublime being. And considering that his successes in French are initially very modest, also in a somewhat frightening way. When characterizing Lydia Mikhailovna, special attention should be paid to how the protagonist sees her: “She sat in front of me neat, all smart and beautiful, beautiful both in clothes and in her young feminine era, ... I could smell perfume from her, which I took it for the very breath. "
As the story progressed, the barrier between teacher and student gradually melted, revealing the true nature of each of them. Lydia Mikhailovna appears as a model of humanity and mercy, deciding to help a lonely boy adapt to life in the city. Having learned about his games for money and the purpose of this game (to be able to buy food), she is imbued with sympathy for the boy and, under the pretext of additional French lessons, takes unofficial custody of him. The main character, somewhere subconsciously feels that Lidia Mikhailovna herself is lonely to the depths of her soul, that snatches of her phrases give out, sometimes a thoughtful and detached look, he feels her sincerely, and sometimes an awkward desire to help, which ultimately forces his soul to open up in front of this once mysterious and inaccessible teacher.
VG Rasputin's French Lessons is an autobiographical story, memories of the author's own childhood, so the images of the writer and his hero are fused in my view into one.
In a difficult time, the protagonist of the story had to learn. The post-war years were a kind of test not only for adults, but also for children, because both good and bad in childhood are perceived much brighter and sharper. But difficulties temper the character, so the main character often shows such qualities as willpower, pride, a sense of proportion, endurance, determination. Responsibility and a sense of duty do not allow the boy to drop out of school and return home.
Surely, many in his place would have given up long ago or would have found other, dishonest ways to earn money and food. However, the developed self-esteem does not allow the protagonist even to use his ability to play the "forbidden" game and win more than the amount necessary for the daily purchase of milk. Overworking himself, he does not give in even to the persuasion of the teacher, who by hook or by crook is trying to help him, to feed him. Without a shadow of a doubt, the boy returns her a parcel with precious pasta and the hematogen that he needs so much. At the same time, the main character does not complain to anyone about his troubles and problems, hides them in every possible way.
Reading VG Rasputin's story "French Lessons", you understand that every day in our life gives us many lessons that not only add knowledge, but are also a kind of test of strength. And it depends on each step, on each word: will we become brave, decent, kind people, or will we constantly regret the deeds committed yesterday and in the distant past.
V.G. Rasputin's stories are distinguished by an amazingly attentive and careful attitude towards a person, towards his hard fate... The writer's works captivate us with interesting details of the inner life of an ordinary, modest, almost imperceptible person. The author draws images ordinary people, who live ordinary life with her sorrows and joys, in constant work and worries. At the same time, he reveals to us the rich inner world these people. So, in the story "French Lessons" the author reveals to the readers the life and the spiritual world of a village teenager, who is forced by a hard fate and hunger to look for different ways out of a difficult situation.
The hero of the work is an intelligent boy who "was recognized as a literate in the village." He studies well, goes to school with pleasure. Therefore, his parents decided to send him to the district school. In a new place, the boy also continues to study successfully. In addition, he feels that he has been given a lot of confidence and hopes are pinned on him. And he was not used to treating his duties carelessly. The boy lives constantly undernourished, in addition, he is very homesick. However, when his mother came to visit him, he did not betray his difficult situation, does not complain or cry. The food that is sent to him from the village is not enough for a long time. Moreover, most of what is sent to him "disappears in the most mysterious way." Since a lonely woman lives next to him with three children, who themselves are in the same, if not more desperate, situation, the boy does not even want to think about who is carrying food. He is only offended that these products of the mother have to be torn from the family, from his sister and brother.
It is under such circumstances that the boys are offered to play for money. After studying the rules of the game, he agrees. And soon he begins to win. However, he does not need money for some trinkets and not even for candy. The boy needs to drink milk, as he suffers from anemia. And he only plays up to the amount that would be enough for a can of milk. Possessing modesty and pride, he would never agree to take food from the teacher, or even dine with her after class. Therefore, Lydia Mikhailovna has only one way to help him - to give him a chance to honestly win her ruble.
Despite the fact that the hero of the story "French Lessons" gets involved in the game for money, he causes me deep sympathy. By nature, he is a good, intelligent boy, honest and just, with a kind heart, with a pure soul, loving his family, respecting the people around him, showing concern and compassion for those suffering from poverty and hunger. And only extreme necessity forces him to do not quite good deeds.
The system of images and the ideological content of the story.
"It's strange: why do we feel guilty before our teachers every time, just like before our parents? And not for what happened at school - no, but for what happened to us afterwards."
Valentin Rasputin's brilliant story "French Lessons" begins with such a moralizing judgment.
With wise humor, kindness, humanity, and most importantly, with complete psychological accuracy, the writer describes the relationship between a hungry student and a young teacher. The narration flows slowly, with everyday details, but its rhythm imperceptibly captures the reader, just like another adventure novel modern "hacks".
"I went to the fifth grade in the forty-eighth year. It would be more correct to say, I went: in our village there was only an elementary school, therefore, in order to study further, I had to outfit from home fifty kilometers away to the regional center."
With the meticulousness of an essayist, Rasputin explains the reasons that prompted the mother to let her son go on an independent life, about how she agreed with a friend about this, about how he was left alone. "... and on the last day of August, Uncle Vanya, the driver of the only one and a half lorry on the collective farm, unloaded me on Podkamennaya Street, where I was to live, helped bring a bundle with a bed into the house, patted the shoulder cheerfully and drove off. So, at eleven years, my independent life began. "
"Hunger that year has not yet let go, but our mother had three, I am the oldest. In the spring, when it was especially hard, I swallowed myself and forced my sister to swallow the eyes of sprouted potatoes and grains of oats and rye to breed plantings in my stomach, - then you won't have to think about food all the time. All summer we diligently watered our seeds with pure Angara water, but for some reason there was no harvest. "
Here the author is human and truthful. Without a shadow of falsehood, without exaggeration, he shows the natural contradictions between the heroes, drawing an imperceptible parallel between the general contradictions of town and country, their difficult understanding of these contradictions, their gradual rapprochement, their general confusion from an unexpected turn in relations.
The climax of the story comes after the teacher starts playing with the Boy in the wall. The paradox of the situation exacerbates the story to the limit. Those who lived and studied during the "triumph of communism" should feel this aggravation especially sharply, when "hazing" relations between a teacher and a student could lead not only to dismissal from work, but also to criminal liability.
The teacher could not help but know that if you get to the bottom of what is happening her colleague, "the public" - the wolf ticket is provided to her. The boy did not fully understand this. But when the trouble nevertheless happened, he began to understand the teacher's behavior deeper. And this led him to realize some aspects of life at that time.
The ending of the story is almost melodramatic. The parcel with Antonov's apples, which he, a native of Siberia, never tasted, seems to echo the first, unsuccessful parcel with city food - pasta. More and more new touches are preparing this, which turned out to be by no means unexpected, the ending, which puts all the dots on the i. Something unworthy, shameful for a person is accumulated in the story, which is opposed to the purity of the city teacher of the French language, still quite a girl, and the heart of a superfluous, distrustful village boy opens up to this purity.
It would seem that everything that the writer told about is a distant past. What do we care about him? .. But the story is still fresh, socially hot.
It contains the highest human values \u200b\u200b”, weighed with jewelry precision. In him is the great courage of a little woman, the insight of a closed, ignorant child, in him the lessons of humanity.