Organization of right forces. For the beginning of the revolution, the most important feature concluded in the absence of organized, cohesive resistance was characteristic. None social groupNone of the country's area was openly opened under the banner of counter-revolution. Right parties and organizations or disappeared from the political scene, or ceased to play any prominent role. However, very soon, part of the population was disappointed in the possibilities of the temporary government to keep and stop the "revolutionary element" and began to look for their own ways to combat her. In these circles, the idea of \u200b\u200bcreating the "power of a hard hand", military dictatorship. In April 1917, in the officers and some industrial and financial circles, the search for a potential dictator began. The candidates of generals Alekseev, Admiral Kolchak, but in the end the choice was made in favor of General L. G. Kornilov.
In the spring and summer, the force seeking to "establish order" created a number of political organizations. The most active was the so-called "Republican Center", financed by some large banks and related to a number of military organizations, such as the Union of Georgievsky Cavaliers, Military League, the Union of Captivity, the Council of the Union cossack troops et al. At the expense of the Supreme Commander, the General Committee of the Union of Officers of the Army and Fleet was acted. Around these organizations and began the consolidation of the right-wing forces that bonded their hopes with General Kornilov.
Kerensky, striving to attract the army to his side and with its help to stabilize the situation in the country, appointed Cornilov Supreme Commander in July 1917.
After a few days, with the participation of Kornilov, a note was developed for a temporary government. In her "Military section" contained the requirements for the restoration of fully the authorities of generals and officers and the complete ban in the army of rallies. It was proposed to immediately install the same mode, both for the front and for the rear, distributing the law on the death penalty to the rear. To disband disappointing parts, it was necessary to create "concentration camps with the most severe regime and reduced ration." "Civil part" notes required to announce railways, as well as most of the factories and mines in the military. Rallets, strikes, strikes were prohibited in the same way as the intervention of workers in "economic deeds". For non-fulfillment of the established norm, the workers were sent to the front. "These events," said in the note, should be carried out immediately with iron determination and sequence ... "
From the second half of August 1917, at the rate of Cornilov, Petrograd's seizure and reorganization of the power by removing all socialists from removal from the government in the nearest environment. It was assumed that Kerensky himself could stay in the New Cabinet, where he was given a secondary role. The main figures in the government should be the military. Subsequent events entered in history as a Cornilovsky rebellion showed that the ideas of the restoration of the monarchy did not enjoy popular in the people. And although Cornilov was not a convinced monarchist personally, believing that the form of the state system of Russia should determine the Constituent Assembly, however, many of his associates considered a military dictatorship as a step needed for monarchical restoration.
National problems. After the February Revolution, the situation in national outskirts has changed significantly. Russian liberals included in the Provisional Government were supporters of the preservation of state unity based on the provision of equal countries to all residents civil rights and freedom and seen the path of resolving national problems through the wide cultural and national autonomy and the development of a local government system. It was assumed that the national question in aggregate with the most important social and political issues would solve the Constituent Assembly. But most of the leaders of national movements, feeling the taste of revolutionary freedom, did not want to be content with cultural and national autonomy. In principle, they agreed to joint existence within the framework of a single democratic state, but on a federal basis. This desire was unanimously demonstrated at the Congress of the Peoples of Russia, held in September in Kiev and presented all the more or less large ethnic groups and national groups Russia, with the exception of Poles and Finns.
Finding with the sentiments of the Finnish people, the Interim Government of 7 (20) of March 1917 restored the autonomous rights of Finland, but sharply condemned the mood strengthened in the country. And when, in July 1917, the Finnish Parliament adopted the "Law on Power", which proclaimed the transition of legislative and executive authorities in the territory of Finland to the Seimas, then by order of the temporary government, the rebellious seam was surrounded by troops and dissolved. New elections took place in October 1917. The bourgeois parties won the victory, which recognized the temporary government by the carrier supreme Polar. However, the temporary government was already on the threshold of his collapse, and in Finland itself flared civil War. In many cities, power moved to the detachments of the Red Guard, which insisted on the confirmation and fulfillment of the July law. On November 23, after the fall in the interim government, the Sejm proclaimed Finland by an independent state.
Radical character took a national movement in Ukraine. On March 4, 1917, at a meeting of representatives of a number of socialist parties in Kiev, it was decided to form their own authority - the Central Rada chaired by M. S. Grushevsky. On June 10, the Central Rada adopted the so-called 1st universal, in which, contrary to the desire of a temporary government, proclaimed the autonomy of Ukraine. By the fall, struggle broke out for Black Sea Fleet. Some ships began to write off the sailors - Neukraintsev, to raise the Ukrainian national flags instead of Andreevsky.
Under the influence of the Ukrainian movement, the Belarusian intelligentsia and soldiers created the Belarusian Rada in July, but it did not have mass support.
Relatively quietly took place in 1917 in the Transcaucasus. As in Russia, the "droi": on the one hand, there was a provisional government formed, consisting mainly of Russian and Georgians a special Committee on Transcaucasia; On the other hand, Tbilisi and Baku have created advice of workers deputies. In Tbilisi, the Councils were filled with the Mensheviks who preserved their supranational orientation and were loyal in relation to the temporary government. They held various ministerial posts in this government, and N. Chkheidze and I. Tsereteli played a key role in the leadership of the Petrogradsky Council. The Alliance of All-Russian and National Socialist Parties has developed in the Baku Council. Bolsheviks up to October were in the minority everywhere, although their influence in the councils grew.
After the February Revolution, Muslim movement significantly revived. In May 1917, about a thousand selected delegates (among them are 200 women) gathered in Moscow for the first All-Russian Muslim Congress. This Congress (for the first time in the Islamic world), a majority of votes spoke in favor of equality of men and women and adopted the Federalist Program proposed by the Azerbaijani delegation. In the second Congress, which took place in July in Kazan, the victory won the radical Volga Tatars, which the social problems put forward on the fore.
Obviously, national movements related to the requirements of autonomy weakened the position of the temporary government, which was attempted to stand on guard of the unity and indivisibility of Russia. His opposition to national and social requirements created among most non-Russian populations of that favorable soil on which the Bolshevik slogans fell - land, peace and self-determination of peoples, and made it possible at least the temporary union of this non-Russian population with the Bolsheviks.
Thus, the February Revolution opened before Russia the opportunity to complete the process of building a legal state and civil society, however, people were less interested in liberal values, he was waiting for the revolution to satisfy the most pressing needs - peace, land, bread, and therefore went to the political force that Firmly promised to fulfill these requirements.
Questions
1. What circumstances predetermined the victory of the February Revolution and the fall of the monarchy in Russia? What role in the revolution played the army? Evaluate Nicholas II renunciation from the point of view of Russian legislation.
2. What was the originality of the political situation, which pretended after the fall of the monarchy?
3. Comment on the Chairman of the Emergency Investigation Commission to Investigate the activities of the Supreme Officials of N. K. Muravyeva: "We are conducting a broad political investigation, from this point of view we do not make out of our historical and political tasks, but at the same time, this ratio will give Our future processes are enormous importance and interest. "
4. On September 1, 1917, the Provisional Government proclaimed Russia to Russia. In the ruling, in particular, was stressed: "... remembering the unanimous and enthusiastic recognition of the republican idea, which affected the Moscow State Meeting, the Interim Government ... proclaims the Russian Republic." However, this interim government has been sharp criticism and the Bolsheviks, and monarchists, and even the Cadets. What do you think, for which the temporary government criticized each of these political forces? Give an assessment to this time of the temporary government in terms of the principles of the legal state. 5. What strategic and tactical tasks put forward the Bolsheviks? How did their position differed from the views of moderate socialist parties? Explain the words Ji. D. Trotsky: "The man did not read Lenin. But Lenin read well in the thoughts of the man. "
6. What program put forward right forces? Why did the native dictatorial alternative have perspective?
7. What principles in national politics adhere to the temporary government? What changes occurred in national movements?
annotation
Keywords
Time scale - eyelids
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Bibliographic Description:
Yemelyanov Yu.N. Poet Alexander Blok and Extraordinary Investigation Commission 1917 // Research on the emergence of the history of Russia (until 1917). To the 80th anniversary of the Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences V.I. Buganova: Collection of articles / d. ed. N.M. Roogozhin. M., 2012. P. 344-365.
Article text
Yu.N. Emelyanov
Poet Alexander Blok and Emergency Investigation Commission 1917
The poet and the revolution is the eternal theme of world culture, history. Just remember Andre Shhenie, the author "Mosellesa", the revolutionary anthem of France and Alexander Blok, the author of the poem "Twelve", the poems "Death and Resurrection". The first finished its life Path on guillotine. The second, in the whirlwind of revolutionary days, was striving to hear the weak risks of the approaching new storm.
Events and people of 1917 will continue from us. We, nevertheless, after almost 90 years, again and again appeal to testimony of that time, more carefully read in them, more objectively look at the faces of those who were the Creator or a witness of these events. The identification of new materials makes it possible to take a new look at the old ones, which, in turn, forms a more sober, not biased opinion. The years of suffering and deprivation were required to realize it.
Of great importance in this regard are the publications of the 20s, which appeared on the pages of the Emigrant Edition "Archive of the Russian Revolution" (hereinafter - Arr). From 1921 to 1937, 22 volumes were published in Berlin. In 1991 - 1993 The reprint release of all volumes in Russia was carried out. The publisher Arr was Hessen Iosif Vladimirovich (1866 - 1943), a well-known lawyer, a member of the Cadet Party Central Committee, a member of the Second State Duma. In 1919, he emigrated to Germany, where he founded and headed in Berlin "Word" publishing house; together with VD Nabokov (the father of the famous writer), edited the "Steering" newspaper. Hessen was the author of the memories of "two centuries", which included the Arr (t. XXII) and "Years of Exile: Life Report" (Paris. 1979).
In the pages of the collections, a huge living material was postponed. Each Tom Arr presents the next sensational highlight readers. So, his first release was opened by a large article by V.D. Nabokova about the activities of the Provisional Government. Soon, the attention of readers, both in Soviet Russia and abroad, attracted article A.A. Block " Last days old mode. " The publishers of this material in Berlin noted the secondary publication, which, in turn, did not notice the reviewers in emigration. This work of the block was originally published in Soviet Russia a well-known historian and publisher P.E. Schegole. Two years later, the second edition under the title "Recent Days of the Imperial Power" was published here. This text of the book did not include the characteristics of individuals, which are bright, most importantly psychological sketches.
The edition of 1921 concluded six applications: 1) Letter of the Grand Duke Alexander Mikhailovich to Nicholas II of December 25, 1916 - February 4, 1917; 2) a note drawn up in the mug of A.A. Roman Corsakov and transferred by Nicholas II Prince N.D. Golitsyn in November 1916; 3) Explanatory note about the previous note compiled in the Roman-Korsakov circle; 4) Letter N.A. Maclakova, concluded in the fortress, to Nikolai II in the second half of December 1916; 5) Meeting of members of the progressive bloc with A.D. Protopopov, arranged at the apartment M.V. Rodzianko October 19, 1916 and 6) The last annual report M.V. Rodzianko dated February 10, 1917. When making this work in the collection of works of block (L., 1936. T. 8. P. 151 - 228) these applications were omitted, although they are of great interest to understand the situation in the capital in the prefaevral days 1917.
The new publication of the work of the block was undertaken in 1978 by the Paris Publishing House "Libraire de Sialsky", which, in turn, served as the basis for the third edition in 1991 in Minsk, again, without any comments, as well as the previous second edition. It is completely incomprehensible why in Minsk neglected domestic publications.
What was caused by this interest in the block article then, and how to explain it today?
The basis of these two above mentioned publications make up the thoughts and observations of the block during its work in the Extraordinary Investigation Commission of the Provisional Government. AT domestic historiography A number of publications are devoted to the participation of the commission in it and the historical views of the poet.
From 1916 to February 1917, the block, with the assistance of his comrade V.A. Zorgenfrey was enrolled on July 7, 1916. The Tabelchik in the 13th engineering and construction squad of the Union of Zead and the cities created at the beginning of the war by the liberal circles of industrialists and landowners to help the front, which went rid of the soldiers and ensured, in essence, the official position. The squad was in the lane of Pinsky swamps, where spare positions were located for the troops of the Western Front. In January 1917, an officer arrives in the squad with revision, they are not anyone else like A.N. Tolstoy. He was in bewilderment that the office books his famous poet makes it. To the question of the writer about other classes, the poet briefly replied: "No, I do nothing"
From the squad, the block left on March 17, 1917 on a monthly vacation and March 19 arrived in Petrograd. The capital was chained by revolutionary passions: Nicholas II was renounced the throne, the monarchy fell, and was announced about the formation of a temporary government. The block with delight was summed up with a common mood, a decomposition that was reflected in his letter to the mother: "... all the happened makes me happy. There was something that no one else can evaluate, because such scales did not know the story. " Three days later, in the following letter to the mother, he again shares his impressions: "Never, none of us could think that there will be a witness to such simple wonders who committed daily ... Unusual magnificent liberty ... Walk around the city as in a dream ... Pottle picture for me More or less clear: something supernatural, delightful. " But soon degrees of delights replaces serious thoughts. Sending the next letter of the mother, the poet writes: "I do not have a clear look at what is happening, while the will of fate I witnessed the Great Epoch. The will of fate (not his weak force) I am the artist, i.e. witness...". But sees the block and the opposite side of the events, when police sites are rowed in the capital, institutions of political cheek, when the documents of the Petrograd gendarme administration foundation were destroyed in almost entirely. Shocked seen, he wrote his mother: "Dotla Lithuanian castle burned down and the whole beauty of their facades, licked fire, all the beauty, disturbed from the inside, burned out."
For him, one thing is clear - it is necessary to immediately do "your business", and fate gave him such an opportunity.
On March 4, the Provisional Government announced the creation of an "Emergency Investigation Commission to investigate illegal actions for the actions of the former ministers, major and other senior officials of both civilian and military and maritime departments." This decision was published in the "Temporary Government Herald" of March 5. A.F. Kerensky, at the time, the Minister of Justice, speaking in front of the Petrogradsky Council of Workers and Soldiers' Deputies, justifying his entry into the temporary government, said: "In my hands there were representatives of the old power, and I did not decide to release them from my hands ..." and accepted The proposal made me to meet the temporary government as the Minister of Justice. " Showing the initiative in this matter, Kerensky considered the commission by his brainchild, which is confirmed by the evidence of N.P. Karabchevsky, famous St. Petersburg lawyer. The work of the Commission itself began a little later. A few days later, its chairman, the famous lawyer, Moscow lawyer, Nikolai Konstantinovich Muravyev (1870 - 1936) was appointed chairman, with the rights of Deputy Minister of Justice. Karabchhevsky recalls that Kerensky somehow noticed that the choice of candidacy was definitely determined by them and the foundation for this was the fact that if ants-Vilensky was rebeling mercilessly with a Polish uprising of 1863, now and "Our ants will heal "
The composition of the members of the Commission was also determined: Senator S. V. Ivanov, Major General, Military Prosecutor V.A. Apushkin, Prosecutor S.V. Zavadsky (who soon replaced the Kharkov Prosecutor B.N. Smith), the prosecutor of the Moscow District Court L.P. Olyashev, Prosecutor of the Vilense Chamber A.F. Romanov, Doctor of Philosophy, Member of the Central Committee of the Party of Socialist Revolutionaries V.M. Zenzinov, historians S.F. Oldenburg, E.V. Tarle and P. Schegolev, law courtes Grimm, from the executive committee of the Council of Workers and Soldiers Deputies, a lawyer, Social Democrat N. D. Sokolov (the author of the "sad" memory of "Order No. 1"), as well as F.I. Rodachev, dick of the Central Committee of the Cadet Party, Lawyer, Deputy I - IV State Duma, Minister of Temporary Government. Member of the Commission Colonel S.A. Korenev calls L.M. Karakhan, adding - "Then Menshevik", later the famous Soviet diplomat, Bolshevik. In addition, special commissions were created, such as marine and military. As a utility body, under the chairmanship of P.E. Schegolev Commission for consideration of the activities of the Police Department.
On May 7, the block with inspiration accepted the proposal to be the editor of the Stenographic Reports of the Emergency Investigation Commission. The fact is that at the beginning of the transcript of F.A. Cervinsky, which on June 2 came out of the commission, after which the ants and offered the block to do these materials. The block, hoping, thus, to join the secrets of the fallen regime, try to add and reveal the tragic turns in the history of the Great Country, accepted this proposal. The case turned out to be at first, alive, interesting, was to be present during interrogation. The work was considered secret and not subject to announcement. Interrogations were made in the hall of the Winter Palace or in the Petropavlovsk Fortress, in the Old Commandant House, where the Decembrists were once interrogated.
The Commission had to consider the activities of the former royal dignitaries belonging to the "table of ranks", to the first three classes. At the king and his family, these powers did not apply. A total of 700 cases were instituted, 88 interrogations were held, some persons were interrogated repeatedly. Of the 59, the interrogants were 20 ministers, of which 4 former Prime Ministers (I.L. Goremykin, V.N. Kokovtsov, B.V. Sturmer and the last chairman of the Council of Ministers, N.D. Golitsyn). Curious item. It was known that there were two interrogation protocols of Kokoktsov. Schegolev managed to publish only the first, and the second was lost, but was discovered half a century later in the Foundations of Tsagar and was soon published by Al. Sidorovy. Many ministers, although they were arrested, were kept under investigation and interrogated, but gradually released. The same ministers who tried to cooperate with the investigation, they were not arrested at all. The court also refers to 10 comrades of ministers and senators, 11 of the ranks of police and gendar organs, 10 public figures - from the Markov-2-go blacks, to Social Democrat N.E. Cheidze, two Minister of Temporary Government (A.I. Guccov and P.N. Milyukov), two generals - N.I. Ivanov (sent in February a bid to suppress the revolution in Petrograd) and the former commander of the Petrograd Military District S.S. Habalov.
But the commission, according to the Regulation, not only did not have enough courage to interrogate Nicholas II and Empress Alexander Fedorovna, but even the search of the king and the queen was resolutely appealed by the majority of the members of the Commission. In the interrogations, the references to the king were often met, but also interrogatives and interrogated tried to present Nicholas II in the role of the passive "carrier of power", who had a constant pressure from all the third party did not show their own role. In a word, "King is nothing," his environment is guilty.
It is undoubtedly determining in attracting the king and the queen to the inquiry, was the notorious performance of Milyukov in the Duma on November 1, 1916 with a statement: "Stupidity or treason?" Suspicion of treason palo on the royal family. Was it really? In this regard, it is appropriate to bring the evidence I.A. Ilina. In his essay, "meeting and conversations" he refers to the conversation in 1917 with PB Struve and your question to him: "And what, the investigative commission ... I found something suspicious or accusatory in the meaning of state treason in the affairs of the royal family?" By asking this question, Ilyin already knew from members and employees of this commission that "the investigation refuted all slanders and rumors that bloomed in this direction." Notpon replied unequivocally: "No, nothing, nothing more resolutely; Full rehabilitation! ". Ilyin sets the following question - and on what then the founding of Milyukov in the Duma challenged the prosecution of the king and the queen? To which Struve responded, at the same time, according to Ilina, "Slightly attending": "You see ... he also had no reason ... But at the same time, the Central Committee to [Ontitly] -d [Emocratic] Party believed that currently against royal family insinuation is politically meant" And, as Ilyin concludes: "From indignation, I could not continue this conversation."
The hierarches of the highest clergy were not attracted and, above all, Metropolitan Pitirim, part of Rasputin's environment. In addition, among the interrogated was the Palace Commander V.N. Ways, Freilina A.A. Cubeov, famous provocateur O.K. Lahtina , Prince M.M. Andronnikov, journalist I.F. Manuylov and MN. Dr.
In Soviet editions, for some reason there are no mention of the testimony of V.I. Lenin on May 26 in the Emergency Commission on the case of a provocateur R.V. Malinovsky, although in the literature there are direct instructions on this fact.
All interrogated tried to portray the matter so that they did not interfere in "politics". When the Chairman of the Investigation Commission asked what they understood under "politics, they answered that the policy is the case of the emperor, the empress and ... Rasputin.
As a result of interrogations, the picture of the functioning of the government apparatus, its internal and foreign policy for 12 years (from 1905), the methods of the "dark forces" surrounding the throne, behavior of the leaders of bourgeois parties, the secrets of the security department, the Holy Saints of the Russian autocracy. As a result, according to the expression of the unit, the Padentikum was open ... ".
Immediately it should be noted that many researchers enjoy the characteristics of the poet to some other person who deposited in his letters or notebooks. These characteristics are usually often very sharp, which is the result of his first immediate impressions when the block sought to fix everything that happened before his eyes. A completely different picture appears in the sketch "the last days of the old regime." Here the poet is more restrained in his emotional impulse, which more responds to his desire to give a "political essay", which is written by the "protocol-business tone" and is set aside in a strictly objective style. The author "refrains from personal characteristics", feature, noticed by K.V. The urochul, famous literary criticism and poet of Russian abroad. Mincenaya work in the emergency commission convinced the block in that one should not exaggerate the personal value of each of the interrogated. He rejects all the anecdotic, "all boulevard-messing".
The first chapter of the report or essay "The last days of the old regime" is entitled "The state of power", where such topics are planned as "the disease of the state body of Russia", "King, Empress, Celebov, Rasputin", "Great Princes", "Dvor", " Mugs; Badmayev, Andronnikov and Manuses, "Right", "Government; Council of Ministers; Sturmer, Trepov and Golitsyn "," Government attitude toward the Duma "," c. Ignatiev and Pokrovsky "," Belyaev "," N. Maclas and Belletsky, "Protopopov".
The author states that the state body of Russia "is affected by the disease", which cannot be curable by ordinary means. Russia with imminentness is awaited by the upheaval, the first period of which was "relatively painless" (referring to the February Revolution).
Directly impetus to the development of the crisis of the system, according to the thought of the block, was the first world War, loosened by the state organism, exposing all his "dilapidation", and most importantly, deprived him of the "last creative forces". Next, the block gives the characteristics to the acting persons by this cumbersome system of state power, headed by the emperor Nicholas II.
Nicholas II and his wife, Empress Alexander Fedorovna, who, as we know, were not attracted to interrogation, but appear in the sketch of the block when he understood the causes of the Russian catastrophe, and the direct involvement of these persons to Oyoy. As he notes, Nicholas II is a "stubborn" man and at the same time "blessing, nervous", "dropped" and "careful", and therefore "who worn in people", in fact, "the owner itself". The characteristic is psychologically very capacious, which makes it possible to explain many causes of the disease of the entire Russian state body.
As for the Russian Empress, the block believes that Alexander Fedorovna, Princess Hessian, "proud woman", who did not favor Russia and the Russian people, which many found "smart and brilliant", in fact, possessing a "more solid character" rather than her Husband, has long been able to direct the "wave of the king". Being fully influenced by Rasputin, called her Catherine II, she "really managed Russia." These are all indirect characteristics, not based on a person's personal perception, but only the result of internal beliefs.
It should be noted that it was a widespread opinion and even found its embodiment in the play A.N. Tolstoy and P.E. Schegolev (a collateral of a block for an emergency commission), "Conspiracy of the Empress." The essence of the conspiracy, the authors saw in the desire of Rasputin to inspire Alexander Fedorovna the thought of becoming Catherine II and remove the husband from the throne.
The king, the queen, the yard and the whole government circle knew perfectly and saw that the state ship was inexorably walked for the bottom, but their "bravelessness, blindness and hystericality" did something that no "dark forces" together could do. Some figures tried to fix something. Thus, the great princes, who were in opposition to the king, in their repeated letters to him (in particular, the Grand Duke Alexander Mikhailovich) paid attention to Nicholas II on the fact that his policy goes into incision with the desire of the people and that it was necessary to give freedom to "social forces " But the king did not inquire all these calls, because she listened to other mentors and, above all, Rasputin, who, affecting Nicholas II, managed to gradually eliminate the great influence on the royal family. The king remained deaf to all these calls, for he, essentially, no longer owned the initiative.
Another picture appears in front of the reader when it comes to personal impressions of the block.
The first in this row is approximate to the Empress Freilina A.A. Cubina, who could not report anything important commission. With the first acquaintance with her, which took place in the camera of the Peter and Paul Fortress, the block saw the "magnificent lady of 33 years old", which "stood by the bed, a wide (worried) shoulder of the crutch ...", that was a consequence of the railway catastrophe 1915. Further, the block writes, That the cutting was "all the data to be a Russian beauty, but everything has long been distorted by anything long, slaughtered." Later, the block will return to this topic and, having spent his impressions, says that "in the testimony there is no word of truth, although she lied only where it is impossible to learn (Rasputin is not in the world), or where it is Need to her favorite familiar family. How terrible the most existence of such women: they are as disgusting, how adorable are; But translating it into the language of the future, on the honest language of democracy, stuck a storm, I must say: how can charming be connected with disgusting? Cubeov was only disgusting. " There is a more impartial review about it: "This blissful slut and fool."
And the same cutoff in the "last days ...": "Naive, devoted and unhappy girlfriend of the Empress", "submissive Rasputin", former, according to Protopopov, "phonograph of his words and suggestions." The members of the Commission became clear that its testimony was completely insignificant in their meaning.
Could not be attracted to the investigation and the "old man" Grigory Rasputin for the simple reason that was killed in December 1916, but "Glory" and the "significance" of this figure in Russian reality was so huge that he did not express his opinion about him The block simply could not, based on the multi-dealer of the statements of other persons. For some, it was a "bastard", the former "connection of power with the world", "whitewashed" his affairs for others is a "convenient pedal for German espionage" and so on and so on. But, as the block rightly notices, all these unflattering reviews came from those who were in one time, to some extent, "depended on it," "prayed to him," and therefore they were looking for anyone to destroy it . Pullet Felix Yusupova, which has configured Rasputin, according to the formation of the block, "fell into the very heart of the reign dynasty." This problem is illuminated by A.L. Sidorov.
Here is the very first impression of the block from the chairman of the Council of Ministers I.L. Goremykin: "Purely, boots are pretty high, soft, Starikovsky ..., customized. Good old man. Big nose, big ears. Heat sighs. Gray hairs. Stick black, with golden rings. Good furout, striped pants. " And further, as if, through these external details to the entity of the image: "Says hard to hear almost always. Randomly recalls ... leather places brightly szing ... Glass eyes. Permanent answer: "Mass rebuilt, I do not own memory ..." And then suddenly: "It is very difficult to distinguish that it is legally and what is illegal. There may be different interpretations. " As if everything is clear - we have an obvious tolerance before us, and suddenly, that the block is not without humor, it's fine: "The presentation ended, however, the fact that Goremykin Schitrenko hinted that he, as a particular class I, would like to see the investigator at himself Apartment ". All these observations needed a block for the final tank of the characteristics of the Goreminka in the "last days", as "experienced but the final dye bureaucrat".
This obvious Ramolika changed the post of Prime Minister B.V. Sturmer. The first impression is the most unpleasant: "Various ..., a big dilapidious ruins, still cunning (and stupid) rises on the nose tortoise glasses." The final characteristic is devoid of household details, but the true essence of this figure is prone: "The Sturmer had a very magnificent and cold-blooded view," and attested his hands as "strong hands in velvet gloves." In fact, he was only a "case", which hid a cunning man in the street, who made everything "under the skeins", with the "stationery tricks"; It was a toy in the hands of Manasevich-Manuilov, "old man on the rope", as the Rasputin once put himself about him, who happened and shrink on an unmanned, obsessed with senile sclerosis and a furious, as it should only sell from hand, premiere. "
The Ministerial "Checkhard", increasingly gaining power, led to the next change "Karaul". Sturmer gave way to Minister of Internal Affairs A.F. Trepovu, whose share "has fallen a challenge - to take a firm course at that moment, the storm code began." But everything was in vain, "all the tricks only poured oils into the fire," and the new minister, "not strong enough," did not have time to change anything for 48 days of his "premier". Initial acquaintance also did not have in favor of this statesman, a fighter against the "German Diza". To do with him, according to the bloc, "disgust and interesting together. Here are the court fences, benut sensations, the life of the Society of Society in all its heights. " As a result, and "Trepov fell, defeated by the protopopic, who managed to catch him on the proposal of the expressive Rasputin (so that the latter would not interfere with the state affairs."
HELL. Protopopov, also former, like his predecessor, the Minister of the Interior, stated that he was ready to save the dynasty, as well as replace the eliminated "elder". The block at the same time notes that the post of Protopop's Minister received "with the help of an elder."
But what really he represented from his herself at the first meeting: "Raised shoulders, thin, gray trimmed beard, pants short and shoes ... Looking at the bottom up - I would say - a little childish ... and asks questions; Then he said: "It will be done." And a new testimony when members of the Commission visited Protopopov in the chamber, when he also "in childish", looking at the bottom up, showed adviser: "A, you know, I was convinced of what a bastard I am." Protopopova was completely incomprehensible, as you can blame him in lawlessness, when the laws were subordinated to him: because the police department consists of a ministry of internal affairs, and the sovereign all its decisions approves - what other laws can we talk about? Later, when the block got acquainted with the protopopopic notes transferred to him, he writes his mother: "Someday I will tell you who I am scared with this talented and insignificant person ...".
But, one way or another, but it is this man "unexpectedly for everyone and somewhat unexpectedly for himself" and was appointed at the beginning of the Minister of the Interior. This man, "With the frivolism inherent in him" and "Majiya's mania,", asked the plans to save Russia, which was increasingly represented by the "royal primary". Protopopov from the first steps was able to "excite the dislike and contempt of social and government circles." His personality and activity, according to the block, "played a decisive role in the acceleration of the destruction of the royal power ... He brought the entire hysterical ball of his personal feelings and thoughts to the very foot of the throne ... He brought the collapse into a bunch of refined, apparently sustainable, and on the very Affairs of shaky camp of the state game. " And "in this sense of Protopopov turned out to be a really fatal man." As a result, Protopopov for the block an interesting personality is only from the point of view of "psychological", historical, but at all "not interesting politically."
N.D. Golitsyn, the last prime minister, who had long standing away from all cases, unexpectedly was appointed for this high post. And this "old aristocrat", called the people of "Mobile", "" not firmly familiar with the office work of the Council of Ministers, "could hardly cope with Rasputin with him and, above all, Protopopov.
The ministerial circle complements the last Military Minister M.A. Belyaev, a man "With a neurasthenic spasm in the throat, crying ...", who played a big role in the February events, which Rodzianko, according to the remark of the block, considered a decent person» . And nearby Adjutant General, Admiral K.D. Niles, as ironically notes the block - this is an old "sea wolf", "drunk", which turns out to be "you can love for rudeness." Nevertheless, he was the last one who frankly spoke with the king of Rasputin and, as a result, having erupted, as he was all, and spoke only one thing: "There will be a revolution, everyone will hang us, but on what a lantern, anyway."
The nearest circle of the royal family is Baron V.B. Frederick, many years of age (from 1897 to 1917) Minister of the Imperial Court, "Old", "sometimes surviving from the mind", to which, nevertheless, "the king Putal has a great attachment."
Frederix was the test of V.N. Waikova, another sign figure of Palace Camarilla. Being a Major General Sweets and Palace Comfanitant, he was closer to the royal family, this "deft merchant", the owner of the mineral source of Kuwaki. By expressing the block, it is pretty "insignificant ... creature." He frankly "worship with mind and is not illuminated, as well as his tongue, seasoned sometimes only boastful and duty guards words. He is so negligible that it is not at all able to rise before understanding what they ask him and what you are interested in asking. He can inform a number of jokes and facts interesting in everyday life, but to summarize that anything is not capable. "
Quite thoroughly represented by the block of the circle of other royal dignitaries and, above all, those who personified the Ministry of the Interior. This is, first of all, S.P. Belletsky, with which the unit first saw on May 12 in the Petropavlovsk Fortress: This "smart director of the police department, a recent, whose conscience has crimes, and everything seems to be so commonly, everything is erased with gray wallpaper." There is no culture in it. Where does he not be like that, "business". He hints all the time and hesitates that he is "ordinary". Short fingers, yellow hands and face Oil, strong gray, on the back of a black hair ... A sharp black view of swimming eyes. Nose with a piping. "Peasant". " Nevertheless, when "comes talking about morality, about the crime: his face is" placed indifferent. " The block clearly displays the obvious "non-easyness" of the system: "I know how to unnoticately stop when it is stopped listening. Sly, I know how much ... In general, smart, the werewolf (?) ... no, after all, his will was not suppressed, he told a lot of interesting things, but he did not admit to anything ... Does he believe in God? No, I do not believe in anything. " Final conclusion: this is "Outstanding at one time, the Director of the Police Department, who almost became an Ober-Prosecutor of the Synod," it was a "man of practice, helpful and dictuctive who knows how to" suffer "."
Recently, the Foundation for the Emergency Investigation Commission found a note by Alexander Blok dated July 6, 1917, who recorded his conversation with S.P. Beletsky.
Lieutenant General P.G. Klons, a former commander of a separate building of gendarmes, and in 1909 - 1911 and 1916. - Comrade Minister of Internal Affairs, "Focusing special to himself and to his past hatred in public circles", "once played a role in the murder of Stolypin."
The Gallery of the Police Guide complements K.D. Kafarov and A.I. Spiridovich. The first is the former Vice-Director of the Police Department, "East Man with a Barani Profile, who all the time trembles and crying that it will go crazy and, as the block is" stupid and sorry. " All-Fisher Spiridovich, who was in his time the head of the Kiev security department, and in 1906 - 1916. The head of the personal guard of the emperor, in this minute represents a pitiful sight: "Looks like a bailiff," the "ridiculous men" general, who suddenly turned his back to the soldiers and, sobbing, sharpened, praised, puzzled about amnesty, not counting in anything to blame.
A special group represents a circle of people associated with Rasputin, creating policies because of the Kulis. This is Jamsaran Badmaev, Buryat, "smart and cunning Asian, who had a political chaos in his head, and in the joke language, and who managed to engage in" except Tibetan medicine ", and the Buryat school, also" concrete pipes ". He "was friends with Rasputin and Kurlov." With the help of the Badmaev circle, the post of the Minister of the Interior was able to get Protopopov.
In St. Petersburg circles, there was a role "Laptop and Smart Journalist" I.F. Manasevich Manuilova, an employee of the New Time newspaper, "Many years inspired and frightening government." It was in the hands of this Delta who was the Prime Minister Sturmer, "Toy", according to the expression of the block.
And finally, the "Dark Person", Prince M.M. Andronnikov, a former official of special assignments under the Ober Prosecutor of St. Synod, reaction journalist and suspicious in their "German relations". The block gave an expressive portrait of this "black-clear Figaro", "Adjutant of the Lord God." It is "abomination, a rigorous muzzle, a chubby tummy, a new jacket." And the block is asked: how could such a person be "in connection with the Minister, with Witte? Explanation is one - "Assistant Persons in the Sphere." "Asstruction" was carried out by all sorts of ways. So, for example, with the help of Beletsky Andronnikov, "elegantly publish the anniversary of Goremykina". The final characteristic: Prince of Andronnikov, "drunk in court and government circles, who brought the icons to the ministers, flowers and confections to their wives, familiar with the Tsarskoyesels Chainoner," himself characterizes himself as "a person, a citizen who always wanted to bring as much benefit as possible." As a result of interrogations of the Commission, it became quite clear that it had in their face the case with ordinary passing.
We complete this "Panofitikum", the so-called "ideological pillars of the regime", glorified by the persecution of all sorts of "liberal Kramol", the Intric jeques of autocracy, and therefore considered themselves "truly Russian people." These are Markov 2nd, the leader of the "right-wing" faction in the III and IV states, known for its pogromic speeches. Now he is "Pillet beard and strokes the mustache", "White teeth scalps," says tone, "suitable for a sauna". He has a wide face. Harry. " Near the famous Dr. A.I. Dubrovin, Monherryoten, Chairman of the sad memory of the "Union of the Russian People". Now he is "sobbing" and rushes "kissing the hand of the Muravyov", and then "with sobbing fell on a bed (vile eyes of the old man"). Also "shakes from tears" Major General V.N. Orlov, a former assistant chief of the military-acquisition of the emperor. He speaks long with the prosecutor, constantly crying. His speech "sometimes goes into a hoarse whisper", which is again interrupted by "sobbing".
The monthly work that the poet is given completely to try to "through the heat of the soul, through the crystrine" to comprehend the essence of events in Russia. About his first impression from what he saw and heard, the block on May 14 told his wife LD. Block Mendeleev: "I see and hear now what almost no one sees and does not hear that few have to observe once a hundred years ...". But what he saw and heard brought the block to the idea that there were no "sacraments" in the incident, besides, a tragedy nature. The block and members of the Commission were convinced that investigating the activities of the "Dark Forces", in the politics of the courtyard party, the political idea was only a screen for the device of their personal affairs. All this is a consequence of elementary ordinary, the notching characteristic of the recent days of the house of Romanov. These beliefs found their generalized presentation in a diary record of June 16: "Empty fields, stiff pores, flat is a semi-in-law. Rasputin is the abyss, and the sturmer (a lot of honor) is a flat pasture, where the Grass is Corks (sheep?) ... Only the late Witte was if not a hero, then the hill; Since his time, it was no longer found in the government: nothing is "high", all "flat", and next to a deep crack (Rasputin), where everything failed. "
In the second section "The mood of society and events on the eve of the coup", the author uses the reports of the St. Petersburg security department, which also delivered a friend of the Minister of the Interior, the Gradorchik, the commander-in-chief of the Petrograd Military District and the palace commandant. This is a very valuable source, and, according to the block, the police department remained the only living organism that takes into account the domestic political situation of Russia and the degree of its danger to the collapsed state body. But the dying power did not hear, and did not want to hear those executed alarm of the reports of the security branch characterizing the public mood. The block used the data of these reports in its work, due to the close contact with K.I. Globachev, Head of the Petrograd Security Department. Being already in emigration, globachv positively appreciated the book of the Block "the last days of the imperial power."
The block stops on the circumstances of the arrest of the Working Group of the Central Military Industrial Committee, characterized by the mood of social and secular circles, as well as the army. Special attention Block draws to the last annual report M.V. Rodzianko and the opening of the session of the Legislative Chambers.
The third section, under the title "Coup", sets out events from February 23, 1917 and until March 3, until the Grand Duke Mikhail Alexandrovich is already renovated. Undoubted dignity was noted by punctuality of the presentation of the events of those days and, above all, the ways of following the royal train from Mogilev to the capital. It should be noted immediately that this timing was used in subsequent studies, and later it was somewhat clarified. This section is characterized by the greatest abundance of discharge from documents.
This work seemed to him an important civic mission, debt to the people. On May 17, 1917, he celebrates in a notebook: "I see already that the Investigation Commission is between an anvil law and the Hammer of history. The situation is very revolutionary ... It is concluded from this that the Commission, having worked on all the material, which she will receive should submit it to the resolution of representatives of the people. "
On June 20, he records: "The Commission in the definition of it is the concept of extreme. Therefore, the report should be extraordinary. It must combine a business point of view with a revolutionary appeal. A report using a thoroughly proven material obtained during the work of the Commission should be penetrated from the beginning to the end of the Russian revolutionary pathos, which would reflect all the alarm, all the hopes and the full romanticism of our days. " The block perfectly understood that the material editable by them represents not only an indictment against the tsarism, but also a source on the history of autocratic building, for the future, for history. It explained his personal part in the activities of the Commission.
The implementation of this task block is completely given. In the already mentioned letter dated May 14 to his wife, the poet writes: "I have very strained brains and nerves, my business is terribly interesting, but it is really difficult and takes a lot of time and everything Forces. This work was supposed to disclose, according to his firm conviction, the "secret" of the collapse of the tsarism, to explain the fact as the dynasty that has ruled the country of 300 years and has just noticed this anniversary collapsed and broke out in a few days. The poet "From the inside" could see the "story of this endless race of Russian ruigrants-Makkarov or Karamazov", read this fascinating novel with a thousand acting persons and fantastic combinations in the spirit of all Dostoevsky. " Explaining his interest in the work of the Commission, the block said that he "could not convince himself" that the whole old way - "" One solid mirage ", that's why he so wanted to check this mood on direct experience. "But this experience led him to the result even more extreme that all this was not only a mirage, but some shadow from the shadow, some naked and empty place." That is why, for him, the center of gravity was not in jurisdiction, but in the history and psychology of the behavior of people.
The transcripts of interrogations were almost from the very beginning to the publication, besides, urgently, and their drafts for June had already achieved about 2,000 pages. Literary editors were invited by the block writers and translators: L.Ya. Gurevich, M.P. Miklashevsky (pseud. Nevynysky) and VN Princess (Naz. Fam Yvoyalov;), died during the blockade of Leningrad.
Editing the block did not affect the letter, nor in the sense, nor on the style of readings. Its participation did not follow the elimination of undoubted points, spelling and punctuation errors, the work "isometric, stylistically ascetic." As the block itself shows - it makes the minimum of corrections, absolutely necessary and "neutral" in relation to "meaning." Nevertheless, later, already in emigration, a member of the Presidium of the Emergency Commission A.F. Romanov tried to defame the transcripts of interrogations and throw the shadow on their editing. "The future researcher must ... treat these transcripts with special caution ... They did not subscribe to anyone, no one was filed by anyone and edited by four writers, including the block, subsequently singer Bolshevism." The author reverses undoubted facts. He forgot to note that the questioned were required to sign the interrogation protocol. At the same time, a legitimate question arises - if he remembered these procedural disorders of those years, then why did not indicate it in a timely manner, in 1917?
But by this time, the block with suddenness began to note in the atmosphere of the Commission an obvious decrease in the revolutionary tone, gradually slipping to the style of the pre-revolutionary department: "Belletsky Leveteets, the chairman rightly (this is, of course, paradoxically said, but there is a share of truth)". He caught the intention of bourgeois circles to follow the scope and the depth of the criticism of the old regime, a number of "useful" whose devils would be desirable. "In our editorial commission, the revolutionary spirit was not present," the poet states in despair, ... the revolution was not spent there. " The Investigation Commission has features characteristic of the temporary government - indecision, duality, oscillations.
The block with bitterness and anxiety displays the "synchronization" of events in the commission with signs of increasing public stress: "In the city, the head of Junker-drummers, imperialists, bourgeois, exchanges are frankly raised. The facts of this state of affairs are quite a lot. It comes to the fact that the officers of the Nikolaev Cavalry School are drinking health for the health of Nicholas II's throne, and there is every reason to take rumors about the preparing worm conspiracy on faith. The block will foresee the perspective in the form of Kornilovshchina, on the banner of which was proclaimed: "Food, private property, the constitution is not without hope for a monarchy, heroic mittens." And he writes with longing: "Is it really? Again - on the night, horror, in despair? Really revolution ruined yourself? " .
Despite this condition, the block considers it necessary to continue the work started. In July, he writes Mother: "In general, if it were not for work, I would be completely derived nervously. Work is the best medicine; With all the posts, which is in anything Work, there is something saving in it. Everythingit is in a completely different light, a lot is washed off. "
In August, the block starts working directly above the manuscript, which was considered as input part The future report of the emergency commission. The unit considered the necessary edition of stenograph reports. He proved that the materials that have already been available at the disposal are not stored in the rigid framework of the actual legal review, but it is unexpectedly bright from the point of view of the household, psychological, literary, even from the point of view of the language. These testimony of "former people" are composed of brilliant, in a purely literary attitude, the picture of the decomposition of the old building. As it became obvious, it was the material of the huge self-exposure force.
That is why, the block thought not just a business report, but, above all, a political essay, which should be accusing against the old building as a whole. Taking care of the availability of the report, the block at the same time considered it possible, without resorting to "cheap popularity", to make it a means of upbringing, capable of raising the masses to themselves.
The block expressed his considerations in the note on June 4 addressed to the Chairman of the Muravyev Commission, who, in turn, sent it all on June 16, S.F. Oldenburg. "Considerations on the publication of stenograph reports" are one of the important evidence of deep democratic moods of the unit at this time, which subsequently leading it to the creation of "twelve" and "intelligentsia and revolution". But this path was not straightforward.
As expected, his ideas did not meet not only sympathy, but even understanding of lawyers, relating to the case formally, purely narrowly practically saw their task only to identify in the activities of ministers and the highest dignitaries attracted to the inquiry, violations The letters of old royal laws. According to the block, only P.E. Schegolev "One stands on real soil", but he, unfortunately, "thinks only about himself." Nevertheless, all further work took place with him, which led to the publication of the essay of the block "the last days of the old regime" in the magazine "Pedajoy" edited by shchegolev.
The famous historian of the Russian revolutionary movement S.Ya. responded to this publication. Straight, which wrote that "skillfully use such deeply dramatic material, as documents on convulsions of the breathing tsarism, not every condition. A.A. The block happily avoided the greatest dangers for the historian with such rich events of the era - he managed to squeeze his essay and chose almost one very typical for the characteristic of the tapering system, rejected all the anecdotic, all the film-mowing, all the boulevard. "
This feature was notified in emigration a reviewer, who spoke under the cryptonym " N.N." In his response to a reprint in the "archive of the Russian Revolution" of the article of the block from the "past" (which he, by the way, did not notice), the reviewer emphasibly noted the fact that the author of this "sad story" about the circle of persons surrounding Nicholas II in lately And his "tasty throne" was "not an ordinary ross of sensational concrete novels", but a "famous poet." The author emphasizes that the entire actual part of the block's work is based on the testimony of the former ministers attracted to the inquiry, and therefore "all the facts with which the late poet introduces us, we must believe and the study itself has not only literary, but also historical interest.
AT high degree The wonderful peculiarity of our revolution is that she created a duality ... Next to the temporary government, the government of the bourgeoisie, was still weak, the incremental, but still undoubtedly existing in practice and the growing other government: the advice of workers and soldiers' deputies.
What is the class of this other government? Proletariat and peasantry (dressed in soldier uniforms). What is the political nature of this government? This is a revolutionary dictatorship, i.e. the power leaning directly to the revolutionary seizure, on the immediate deposit of the masses from the bottom, not to the law published by the centralized state power ...
What does it seem to Lenin the most important side of the Soviets?
W from the collection "From the depths" 1.
The people would not have betrayed Russia if he had no fear and fatigue at the front and bait of the earth and enrichment in the rear. But the people would not listen to these dark feelings, if next to them, having wangled with them, did not grow a perfect gust in it and there was no ideal justification with these dark instincts. It was an excuse for this that the faith in some new, sudden truth, which the revolution was carried with him. That was faith in a miracle, at the most miracle that rejected contemptuously the intelligentsia and immediately the people presented in another form - in the preaching of the world's revolution, equations of all people, etc. ... Socialist paradise was for ordinary people the same What were the fabulous kingdoms for him and promised land religious legends. And just as in the older the devotees and the wanderers, the people were ready to give everything to this kingdom (V. N. Muravyev). 2.
The revolutionary socialism is not economic and political teachings, there is no system of social reforms, he claims to be religion, he is faith, the opposite of the Christian faith ... The religion of socialism takes the temptation to transform stones into bread, the temptation of the social miracle, the temptation of the kingdom of this world (N. A. Berdyaev).
What are the "real" and "ideal" circumstances predetermined the success of the Bolsheviks? five.
Organization of right forces. For the beginning of the revolution, the most important feature concluded in the absence of organized, cohesive resistance was characteristic. Not a single social group, no area of \u200b\u200bthe country acted openly under the banner of counter-revolution. Right parties and organizations or disappeared from the political scene, or ceased to play any prominent role. However, very soon, part of the population was disappointed in the possibilities of the temporary government to keep and stop the "revolutionary element" and began to look for their own ways to combat her. In these circles, the idea of \u200b\u200bcreating the "power of a hard hand", military dictatorship. In April 1917, a potential dictator began in general-officer and some industrial and financial circles. The candidates of the generals Alekseev, Lechitsky, Admiral Kolchak, were discussed, but in the end the choice was made in favor of General L. G. Kornilov.
In the spring and summer, the force seeking to "establish order" created a number of political organizations. The so-called "republican center" was most active, funded by some large banks and associated with a number of military organizations, such as the Union of Georgievsky Cavaliers, the military league, the Union of the Captivity, the Council of the Union of Cossack troops, etc.
At the expense of the Supreme Commander, the General Committee of the Union of Officers of the Army and Fleet was operating conspiratically. Around these organizations and began the consolidation of the right-wing forces that bonded their hopes with General Kornilov.
Kerensky, striving to attract the army to his side and with its help to stabilize the situation in the country, appointed Cornilov Supreme Commander in July 1917.
After a few days, with the participation of Kornilov, a note was developed for a temporary government. In her "Military section" contained the requirements for the restoration of fully the authorities of generals and officers and the complete ban in the army of rallies. It was proposed to immediately set the same mode for both the front and for the rear, spreading the law on the death penalty to the rear. To disband disappointing parts, it was necessary to create "concentration camps with the most severe regime and reduced ration." The "Civil Part" of the note required to declare railways, as well as most of the factories and mines in the military. Rallets, strikes, strikes were prohibited in the same way as the intervention of workers in "economic deeds". For non-fulfillment of the established norm, the workers were sent to the front. "These events," said in the note, should be carried out immediately with iron determination and sequence ... "
From the second half of August 1917, at the rate of Cornilov, Petrograd's seizure and reorganization of the power by removing all socialists from removal from the government in the nearest environment. It was assumed that Kerensky himself could stay in the New Cabinet, where he was given a secondary role. The main figures in the government should be the military. Subsequent events entered in history as a Cornilovsky rebellion showed that the ideas of the restoration of the monarchy did not enjoy popular in the people. And although personally, Cornilov was not a convinced monarchist, believing that the form of the state system of Russia should determine the Constituent Assembly, nevertheless, many of his associates considered a military dictatorship as a step needed for monarchical restoration. 6.
National problems. After the February Revolution, the situation in national outskirts has changed significantly. Russian liberals included in the temporary government were supporters of preserving the unity of the state on the basis of the country of equal civil rights and freedoms and seen the way to resolve national problems through the wide cultural and national autonomy and the development of a local government system. It was assumed that the national question in aggregate with the most important social and political issues would solve the Constituent Assembly.
But most of the leaders of national movements, feeling the taste of revolutionary freedom, did not want to be content with cultural and national autonomy. In principle, they agreed to joint existence within the framework of a single democratic state, but on a federal basis. This desire was unanimously demonstrated at the Congress of the Peoples of Russia, held in September in Kiev and presented all the more or less large ethnic groups and national groups of Russia, with the exception of Poles and Finns.
Finding with the sentiments of the Finnish people, the Interim Government of 7 (20) of March 1917 restored the autonomous rights of Finland, but sharply condemned the mood strengthened in the country. And when in July 1917, the Finnish Parliament adopted the "Law on Power", which proclaimed the transition of legislative and executive power on the territory of Finland to the Seimas, then by order of the temporary government, the rebellious seam was surrounded by troops and dissolved. The new elections took place in October 1917. The bourgeois parties won their victory, which recognized the temporary government by the carrier of the supreme power. However, the temporary gelta was already on the threshold of his collapse, and the civil war flared up in the Finland itself. In many cities, power moved to the detachments of the Red Guard, which insisted on the confirmation and fulfillment of the July law. On November 23, after the fall in the interim government, the Sejm proclaimed Finland by an independent state.
Radical character took a national movement in Ukraine. On March 4, 1917, at a meeting of representatives of a number of socialist parties in Kiev, it was decided to form their own authority - the Central Rada chaired by M. S. Grushevsky. On June 10, the Central Rada adopted the so-called 1st universal, in which, contrary to the desire of a temporary government, proclaimed the autonomy of Ukraine. By the fall, the struggle for the Black Sea Fleet was broken. Some ships began to write off the sailors - Neukraintsev, to raise the Ukrainian national flags instead of Andreevsky.
Under the influence of the Ukrainian movement, the Belarusian intelligentsia and soldiers created the Belarusian Rada in July, but it did not have mass support.
Relatively quietly took place in 1917 in the Transcaucasus. As in Russia, the "droi": on the one hand, there was a provisional government formed, consisting mainly of Russian and Georgians a special Committee on Transcaucasia; On the other hand, Tbilisi and Baku have created advice of workers deputies. In Tbilisi, the Councils were filled with the Mensheviks who preserved their supranational orientation and were loyal in relation to the temporary government. They held various ministerial posts in this government, and N. Chkheidze and I. Tsereteli played a key role in the leadership of the Petrogradsky Council. The Alliance of All-Russian and National Socialist Parties has developed in the Baku Council. Bolsheviks up to October were in the minority everywhere, although their influence in the councils grew.
After the February Revolution, Muslim movement significantly revived. In May 1917, about a thousand selected delegates (among them are 200 women) gathered in Moscow for the first All-Russian Muslim Congress. This Congress (for the first time in the Islamic world), a majority of votes spoke in favor of equality of men and women and adopted the Federalist Program proposed by the Azerbaijani delegation. In the second Congress, which took place in July in Kazan, the victory won the radical Volga Tatars, which the social problems put forward on the fore.
Obviously, national movements related to the requirements of autonomy weakened the position of the temporary government, which was attempted to stand on guard of the unity and indivisibility of Russia. His opposition to national and social requirements created among most non-Russian populations of that favorable soil on which the Bolshevik slogans fell - land, peace and self-determination of peoples, and made it possible at least the temporary union of this non-Russian population with the Bolsheviks.
Thus, the February Revolution opened before Russia the opportunity to complete the process of building a legal state and civil society, however, people were less interested in liberal values, he was waiting for the revolution to satisfy the most pressing needs - peace, land, bread, and therefore went to the political force that Firmly promised to fulfill these requirements.
tL. What circumstances predetermined the victory of the February Revolution and the fall of the monarchy in Russia?
Comment on the Chairman of the Emergency Investigation Commission to Investigate the activities of the Supreme Officials of N. K. Muravyeva: "We are conducting a broad political investigation, from this point of view we do not issue from the type of historical and political tasks, but at the same time this ratio will give our future processes Huge meaning and interest. " 4. On September 1, 1917, the Provisional Government proclaimed Russia to Russia. In the ruling, in particular, was stressed: "... remembering the unanimous and enthusiastic recognition of the republican idea, which affected the Moscow State Meeting, the Interim Government ... proclaims the Russian Republic." However, this interim government has been sharp criticism and the Bolsheviks, and monarchists, and even the Cadets. What do you think, for which the temporary government criticized each of these political forces? Give an assessment to this time of the temporary government in terms of the principles of the legal state. 5. What strategic and tactical tasks put forward the Bolsheviks? How did their position differed from the views of moderate socialist parties? Explain the words Ji. D. Trotsky: "The man did not read Lenin. But Lenin read well in the thoughts of the man. " 6. What program put forward right forces? Why did the native dictatorial alternative have perspective? 7. What principles in national politics adhere to the temporary government? What changes occurred in national movements?
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lDMyb.with TPDimus h 1873 CPDX, NEO Ferretsh 46 MEF. TPDimmus with HT RFPPZTBDE, about Pvchipchulpn Obbchpde. With Ceobf Zhptnbmshop Labelposhn VTBLPN, Ynea PDOPZP Dog Chpatbufe 9 MEF.
rPRPH.cHIST SCMSMYUUSH PTBCHIFEMEN?
lDMyb.with a Vushphemn Tpuudkulpzp RTBchyphemshufchb h Born, - EZP Plischkm Fauhthupuykular, OP with Miyuop Fettereob OE HRPTEMSM. NPS Tseob Zagshz Zhedptpchob Tbosh Linchem Whlebuphprise, B Feremet Opripdymifus ChP Zhtbogy. Retheruch at the OEK than the Yuete Rpupmshufchp. RTY OEK Obihydymifus NPCs for TPUFIMBC.
rPRPH.underwashing DPTPCHPMShop BTUFPCHBMBUS Z-Tsb Fidechb. LBD Ski Ynef Pf, L Chbn?
lDMyb.cIS - NPS DBCHYAOSS IPTPPSBS DBLPNBS; Pok Upihydimbush h Bonnule, TBVPFBM h TB NBUFETULPK RP YEFSHSE VESSHS RP TBDBYU EZP ChPYoulene Yuobn - Vsekoshkn, Tbophos. PUFBCHBMBUSH HOUSE PNP RPUMEDAYA DECA, Y BBFEN, LPDB with DFMTSEO VSSH RFFSFEMCHUFCHBN, SIL RPPEKE UP NOPK. h LFPN RPPET DPIIBMB DEFB DP FPZP KHENEYA, LPDB with Vicks Kbabdytsbo bucket. LPDB with EIBM REDB, TBDEMIFSH Hubufs Up Nopa.
rPRPH.ulbzife, BDNTBM, CCM SchMsefus Chbekzdbelpk Zeopk? Nwn about Yneen RTBCHP Bzhimluytpchbfs bp phsp?
lDMyb.of.
bMLuechulike.ulbzife Ong Zhibnimya Chbyk Tseta.
lDMyb.almighty Zhedptpchob PNTPCH. With Ceaoymus H 1904 of the CPDX Dyadush, h ytlhfule, h Nbtfe Nesus. NPS Tseob - Htppetolb Lbneoheg-RPDPmshulpk ZHV. SFAH Her Village UMY UMEOPHBFEMEN YMY YMOPN Lbneoeg-RPDPmshulpzp Ukhb. on the feed dbchop; With the head of OE Childbm. PFG, NPK, Chbuimike Ychbopchy LPMyble. Umkhtsim h NPTULPK BTFIMMETY. LLB Chuhe NPTULYE BTFIMMETYUMUFSHUFS, according to RTPIpadim LCTU h Zptopn Youfhifhf, Obbfen on the VSBMCHFPCHLPN OBBCPD, RFPMP on the VSSP RTeyenelpn NPTULPZP CEDPNUFCHB About PVCHIPCHULPN OBBCHPDE. LPTDB on Hyhem H H Pfufbchlch, Huya Zeetbm-NBKPTB, according to Pufbmus on the LBPHFCHPTE h Lboueufs, Yoceoetb Yyy Zpotopzp Faeoylb. FBN with th TPDymus. NBFS NPS - PMSB YMSHYYYUYUB, CHTPCDOBS RPUPIPCBB. Pfag her RTPYUPDYF YE DCHPTSO IETUPOULPK ZHV. NBFS NPS Khtppetolb Pdeuchchi FPKS Yenshi. PVB NPY TPDYFEMY HINHMY. Upufpsuis Singo UEMY OILBBPSP. NPK PFG Vushm Umkhtsbakek Pzhyget. RPUME WEEBOFPRMCHULPK NEWBOKHTHPH H RTY ChPCTBEYOYY Y RMEOB TSEYUMUS, B Bugfen Umkhtsim H BTFimmety Yo Chptopn Youfhifh. Chus Wenshs Npezp PFGB Upeszbmbush Yulmayufemshop FPMSLP about EZP OBBTBVPFLY. with RTBCHPUM00; DP Tver RPUFHRMOOSE HLPMH RPMKHUYM WENECHOPE ChPURYFBYA RPD THLPchPduFPN PFGB NBFETY. x Neos EUFS PDOB UEUFTB - ELBFETYOB; VSBBER EEE PDOB NBMOOCHLBS UEUFTB - MAVPCH, OPC Hyfuch. UEUFTB NPS ELBFETYOB OBBNKHTOR. Zhibinter her Ltskzbopchulbs. Pufbmbush h Tpuuy; Zea Pokhimydyfus h Shirtsaee Chenets, with OE Toba. Tsimbrekk H Reftpztbda, OP with OE YNEA PE OEK OILLBYSE ACCOUNTED OF THE FIRE OF RPT, LLB WITH HEIBM TPUYY.
pVTBBBEBE Clamp with an obybm h 6-to reflpztbdulpk LMBUYUEULPK Zontobyiy, Zea RTPVCHM DP 3-zp lmbub; Obbfen H 1888 CPDX with RPUFHRY H NPTULPK LPTRHU P PERPUYM H OEEN CHPURYFBABE H 1894 SPDX. h NPTULPK LPTRHU with Retoehemus RP of Customificopian Cembama, th RP Cembawa PFGB. With Vushsel Zhemszhevamen, we are chuu chutsu Retachchen YMY CHFPTSCHN CHSCHENA CHRYUHULA, NESTOSSHIP UPE ACCOUNT FPCHTYEEN, LPFPTCHN RPUFHRYM H LPTRHU. Ya LPTRhub Checks Chchpptshcheni Rpmkhuim Randa BDNTBM TYLPTDB. NEW FPDB 19 MEF. h LPrthoe Vickm HufBopchmeo Ghemchk TSD RTRUK DMS RESICHSI RSFY YMY YYUUFY RETICHESSIY CHICHPDSEY, S ON RPMKHYUBMYUS RP Ufbyoufhch.
rP Chicchpad YE LPTRHUK H 1894 CPDK with Rpufkhrim H Reftpztbdulike 7-K Zipfulike BLLBC; RTPVSchm FBN OwellPMSLP NEUZGECH, PP Caucosult 1895 SPDB, LPDB VSSHMUEO RPNPEOYLPN ChbiFifeOPZP OUFPMSHOILB ON FPMSLP SBPFTPKUEOOPN FPDDB RPUFPKLPK I SPFPCSEEN L PHILPDKH BB ZTBYUGH VTPEOPUOPN LTEKU TOTLYOPHUE. Obbfen with RPI Retchpu NPU BBZTBYUEUP RMBChoe. The "tattle" is lying about the CPUPL, th otdeush, ChP Chumbdachpufple, with the Hyme about DThzpk lyrating "lyrated", h Lbuewood ChbiFifeoopite ObushumshoylB, hpka 1896 SPDB. About the OEN with RBCBM H ChPDBI FIIPZP Plebob DP 1899 SPDB, LPDB LFPF lyrately Chetokhmus Putbfop h Ltpoyfbdf. LFP LUSP RETCHP NPU NPMSYP RMBChboshe. H 1900 SPDK with VSSP RTPYCEDEO H Mekfeobophysophyshm Chtokhmus Hzzey YFPZP RMBChubs Chbipedoschkin Obubmshoylpn. ChP K. Ketnez NPzezp Retchpzp Rambchwis Zambchobs LBDBYUB LPTBSME, OP, LTPN FPZP, with Uzreybmshop TBVPFBM RP Pleboptbzhyyy Zydtpmpsy. In the LFPP, Kneva with Obumbm, the BabesNBFShus increments TBVPFBN. with the SPFPChimus L Azop-RPMSTOPK BLLYEDIGHYGY, OP BBBNBMUS LFPN CHATICS; Ryubm Obreyoley, Yakhubm Azop-Rpmst Claftscence. x NEOS LURA NEUFB OBBFI ACC RPMAU; OP with FBL B OE RPRBM H RMBCboy about Acopes Pleboy.
bMLuechulike.lLB RTPPELBMY CHBB Umkhtsvb RP ChPCTBEYOYYY? CHIST RPUFHRYME H BLLBDENYA?
lDMyb.oEF, LFP OE HDBMPUCH UDMBFSH. LPDB with Chetokhmus h NBE 1899 CPDB H ReftPzTBD, with the Babfen h Delbwt, with the PRSFSH of the CPUPL, Hzze about Mioekopn LPTBVME, about the SPEOPUGU "RFPRBCHMPCH". MEFP NPTULPN LBDEFULPN LPTLPHE about Losshch Rpsbtulike Lycouth Losch about DBMShoyk ChPUPL.
lPDB from h 1899 CPDX CHETOHMUS H LTPUYFBDF, with ChuFTEFIMUS FBN at BDNTTBMN NBBBTPCHCH, LPFTSCHK IPDYM about "Entnble" h Scope of Rfchha Rfmstukh Bllowyugia. With the RTPUM CHSFSH NEOS at the UPVPK, the OP RP is unknown by the PVUFPSFEMCHUFCHBN for OE Ref PPPP at the UDMTBFSH "Etnbl", I need Vej Neos. FPDB with CNMSHB CNMCHB, RPMBSBS, YuFP, NPCCFS, NPSFS, NPRBUFSH, HDBUFUS RPRBUFSH, - Neos Puheosh Yofteuopchbmbmbb BCs Yubufsh Fyipzp Plumbob h ZhydtPampMyuulpn Pfopesoye. With IPPEM RPRBUFSH About LBD-OIVHDSH Schdop, LPFTPP Hipdym DMS Pitbosch LPFylpchpzp RTPNSchumba about LPNBODTULY PUTFCBB, LEVOGOPCHPH NPTA, LBNUBFLC. BDNTTBMP NBBTBTCHCH with Pugeos Vamyelp Rpoblpnimus Ch ion Doya, FBL LLB in UBN NPOPP TBVPFBM RP Pleboptbzhy.
oP FFF RTPYPYY VPMSHYY YYNEYOYUS H SPYY RMBITI. h Umeofswite Nesusgue with Ham about RTFPRBCHPCULE HT Testyenop NPTA, UFPVIST Yuete Ukhg RTPKFY about DBMSHOK CNUFLPL, h Umeofswite RTyvshm h Rytek. otdeus with an outflow opepetsidboop DMS WEVS RPMKHUYM RTEDPETSEYE WBTPOB FPMMS RTYOSFS Hubufye h Ptzbohnpk Chbdenishek wounded RPD EZP LPNBodpüden Uchtopk RPMSTOPK BLLYUGYY, h Lboueufce zydtpmpzb иФПК LLYUGYYGY. NPY TBVPFFSH ельпфпптщщщщщщщщение ФТХО Фтхд ПВТБфеми невс всконбуей бBTPOB FPMS. Yenh Okhtsi Lushpm FTEI NPTULYY PZHYGETPH, Y Y Y Y NPTULYY PJYGETHPH on Chistbm Neos. With RPMKHUYM RTEDPETSEY, Yuete Blbydena wound Hubufchpchbfsh h Lfpk Blubyugy. RTEDPETSEYE IFP with RTYOSM Odenmeoop, FBL LB Pop Pfpurembump NPIN Cembawsn, h Doblbwtte Niptulpe Nyoyufetufchp Neos PflpnbodeTPCHBM h TBRUPTSEYE BLBDENY WAS.
ya Rites with Heibm H Pveuh, Obbfen h Reftpztbd th h Click Schimus l vbtpok FPMMA BPUFHRYM H RP TBBRUPTSEYEYE. NEO LSHP RTEDPPSEOP, LTPN Zydtpmpsy, RTYOSFSF NEVS EEE DPMCOPUFSFF CHFTPZP NBZOYFPPMB BLLYUDIGYYGY. FBN Rush Uzreybmilaf RP NBZOYFPMPZYY - еевет ветстве, ине шщип ртедпепциова ч Lboueufce EZP RPNPEYLB Obosfshus yfin. DMS FPZP, IFPVSch RPDZPFPCHIFS NEOS LFPDBDBUE, with Vushchuzuo about. Zambchoha Zhyyuyulha Pvsivschbftya h Reftpztbda y bbfen h Rbchmpchulha Nbzyufokha PVSHCHBFTYA. FBN with FTY NEUSGB Huemeoop Kbbmus RTBLFYYUSTY TBVPBNY RP NBZoyofopx DMS DMS Yhyuoyais NBZoyfyunb. LFP Lushm h 1900 CPDX. UBNPZP Obühubm with TBVFFBM on Reftpztbdulpk ZhyyyuulPK PVSchBFTY, B Defbmshop with TBVPFBM H RBChmpchule. Oblpog, Lulvedijs Linchem Ubstez Tschschimb h Yama Nesusg Yaj ReftPZTBDB about Ukbiy "OBTS", LPFTPPU LSSP PVPTHDPCHBOP h Optchesey DMS RPMSTOPPR RMBChus UFTPEFEMEN "Zhtbnb". With RPIIBM h Optichesium, Zedefyubimbmus C ITYUFYBYY HUMEOB, LPFTSK VSSF DTHZPN VBTPOB FPMS. According to the Watch of Neos, TBVPFFBF RP is retired Nephdbn.
bMLuechulike.cHHIST OE NPSEFE ME ULBBFSH, LFPA YA UPUFBCH BFK LLLYGYGY H CULTERPSEEE KHETSZ TSYCH Y Obihydymphus in Chbni Housing?
lDMyb. Ferettasch Chu Uopuyus Up Chuene x Neos Ralchbmisus. VBTPO FPMSH RPZYV CHNEUFU UKHEEVETZPN, Dt Chbmshfet Hynet, UppmPspn VightxHMS with DP Chagesch, Rpufpsopopop, Rapdabychbm, Scisma; Zea Ferettsh Vighthms, - With Oeh Toba. Obbfen Vushche EEE PDYO VMShiktkin RTYSFEMSH, FCHBTE RP BLLYRYGYS, CPMPUPCHYU, LPFPTSCK RPFPN UFBM ZepMPN; Zea on Oprintyfus Ferettsh, - with FPE OE Toba. Ya Pzhygetpch FBN VSSHM LPPNYKHGES, PO, LBSEFUS, Dyadush, h ytlhfule. Chedemus with Oyn, LPDB H 1917 Z. on the PRSFS Hipdim L Huftsa Izemost. BLLYEDYGYS HYMB H 1900 CPDKH RTPVSKMB DP 1902 SPDB. With Chu Shenet Vicks, Chu FPK BLLYredigiy. ONNPCHBMY NSHN About FBCTCHTE, TENFCHLY DSC-UYVYTULYY PUTFCBBBI, PUTFTPC LPFEMSHOPN; Obbfen, 3rd of the CPD, VBTPO FPMSh, Chides, YuFP ONN Chuheh, Hdbafus RTPTBFSHUS LESS LESS PFCHP-UYVYTULY PUTHPCHR, RTEDTRIOSM IFH BLLYHIGA. Cneudfoot in the Öhevethzpn y DCHHNS Lbatbym on Pfartbchimus will learn Uyvytulii Puffchat. X OzP VSHMY UMAYS RTEDDRPMPSEYS PPFPTSCHE NBFELE, LPFPTSCH in IPTEM OBCPI, OPP HFPH PSDK UPFPSUE MSDB LSSP FBPCP, UFP NSZMY RTPOYLOOHFS FPMSLP L Yen Verffb. FPDB on the CHEYM, YUFP about the Uphda FDB, OE RTPTBFShus, H Hyme. h CHYDH FPZP, YUFP X OCU LPOYUBMBUSH BRBUSch BY RTYLBBM OPL RTPVTBFSHUS A ENME vEOEFFB J PVUMEDPCHBFSH EE B EUMY OE HDBUFUS FP, FP YFFY A HUFSHA mEOSch J CHETOHFSHUS YUETE uYVYTSh B rEFTPZTBD, RTYCHEFY Chueh LPMMELGYY J OBYUBFSH TBVPFBFSH RP OPCHPK LUREDYGYY. UBN Used on TBUYUFSHCHBM CBNPUFPSFEMSHOP Chetokhuchus about OPCHP-Uyvytuli Puzzham, Zej Vshhf Pufbchimy Ulmbdsch. H 1902 SPDX, CHEUKU, VBTPO FPMSH HEY PF FEN PBCHPVTZPN in Hairdryer, Yufpvysch RPFPN VMSHI OE ChPCTBEBFSHUS: Under RPZYV PE CTTNES RETEYPDB PVTBFOP at Ogenmi Veewoff. MEFP Nwby Yurpmshpchbmi about RPRCHFLH RTPTBFSHUS ON LEVELE WEEFTB, OPP OPP ON HDBMPUSHPUSH. Upugpsoy MSDB LSSP EEE Icece. LPDB Nwby RTPiptymb Ltd. Rbtbmmsh Uyvytulii Puffmush, Obn Chufteyubmüsus, MSHDCH, LPFPTCHF, DBCHBMY RTPOYLOHFSHF. Plposboyn Obulyzbhey Nwby RTyimy L Huftsa Mostzhet, Y FPDDB L ON HOT MEBTSCHK RBTPIPD "MOROB" IOS CHUU BLLYUMIGYA HUFSH FILEFY. LPMELGYY VURGLE RETEZTEKHSEZHTER ON "MASHNY", NSHS CHETOHMYUSH H SLKHFUL, OBBFEN H YTLHFUL HU DBTBVTE NUSCHE 1902 SPDB RTYVSHMY H RFPPZTBD. About Babybiy Blbydsey Wound Wigcip DPPPSOP PVEEE RPPMPSEYE TBVPF BLLYUGYY YE P RPPMPSEY VBTPOB FPMS. EZP Hubufshu Utyjushchubkop Chuftechptsim Blbdenia. Dekufchyfemshop, RTedtrtysfye EZP Lushkpt Jutechcheubkop Toulpchboop. OSOPCH Lushpp Pugeos NBMP, OP VBTPO FPMSH VSSHM YUEMPECELPN, Chetichyn H PPP, YFP ENH Chue Upkadef, th RPI about RFP RTEDTRYSFYE. bLBDENYS VSCHMB YUTECHSCHYUBKOP CHUFTECHPTSEOB, J FPZDB C ON BUEDBOYY RPDOSM CHPRTPU P FPN, YUFP ECPAT UEKYUBU, OENEDMEOOP, OE PFLMBDSCHCHBS OH PDOPZP DOS UOBTSTSBFSH OPCHHA LUREDYGYA ON ENMA vEOEFFB LCA PLBBOYS RPNPEY VBTPOH fPMMA J EZP URHFOYLBN, J FBL LBL ON "BTE" FP UDMBFSH Lushpkvtshoptsop (VSchm Delbvtsh, B Comeup PSDP WSSP VSSFSHF-Uuvytulii Puftfchby, Yufpvysh YurpmshpchBFSH MEFP), - "OBBTS" VSBBB Chus TBBIFB, - FP Okhtsop Lushpm PlbFSh RPPNPESH. FPDB C, RPDHNBCH b Chesuychy Chue, YuFP NPCOP RSSP UDMBFSH, RTEDPSYM RTPTBFSHUS on Ohnma Veeuffb y, Eumy Okhtsop, DBTE about Rpilas TBTPOB FPMS about Yumallby. RTED-OTRSFYE LFP LSSP FBLPZP TS RPTSDLB, LBT RTEDTRTRYSFYE VBTPOB FPMS, RP DTHZPZP CHICHPDB OE LUSP, RP NPENKH CHAVETEYAYA. LPDB with RTEDPSIM LFPF RMBO, NPY URHFOOLY PFUEUMYUUSH L OEEN UTHTYSHSHSHSHSHSHSHCHESTYMY, YUFP LFP FBLPET TsEKHNYE, LBZ FBZ VBTPOB FPMS. OP LPDB with RTEDPSYM UBNPNH CHSFSHUS RTEDTERSFYS, FP Blindsp RTEDTRYSFYS, FP Blobdenis Wound DBMB RTEDPUFCHIFCH NEWPHPCOFUFS CHSHPMAFSH FPF RMBY FBL, LLB with OpryzhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhBlobdens DBMB NO RPLUKHADKHVADKH Pveureyumb Nekhoschvtfchbni ChPNPCPUFCH BFP Chechpmoft. FPDB with hh, Schobenti Hyibm h Btibozhemshul, Zea Chistbm UEV, Urkhfoylpch Yutyoulei Pamemerch-RTP-Nbymylpch. Up Nopa Usbuimyushush RFFff EEE DCPE YKYY NBTPUPH YLLYRYGYY - Vechyyuchy Zemeyoslpch. lPZDB With RTYEIBM ON UYAED FAMEYE-RTPNSCHYMURRRLPCH Sing BYOFETEUPCHBMBUSH FYN DEMPN, ^ CHSCHVTBMY HOE YUEFSCHTEI PIPFOYLPCH, RTYCHSCHLYYI A RMBCHBOYA PE MSHDH, NY Since I OYNY, I DCHHNS NBFTPUBNY J YUEFSCHTSHNS Fame-RTPNSCHYMEOOYLBNY "J DELBVTE CHSCHEIBMB PVTBFOP B yTLHFUL" YUFPVSCH DEUSH RPDZPFCHIFSFSHFSHFSHIP DMS FPZP, IFPVCH Odenmeoop HibIBFSP about IDFP-Uyvytüe Puffli, LPFPTCT with yavtbm LLB VBH.
With PVTBFIMUS RP Femeztbzhh h Slkful l PDOPH RPMYFYUYULPH WUSUSHOPH, p. PMEOHOHOK 4), at LPFPTCHN with RPBlpnimus. Under the Scabnbmus Yakhyuyoien Slkfulpzp LTBS. With PVTBFymus L SPNX, IFPV on the BB CETSP NPZP PFUHFUFCHYS RTPEIBM will leave the RPDZPFPCHIFS Chei Jobbing DMS RetaipDB about OPC-Uyvytüe Pufflock. According to the PPP to the supervision of churapmum. Obbfen Ya Ytlhfulb with Rpeibm h Sllkful, oh fetss ozda oh PDOPZP DOS. LLB NPCOP ULPTEEY SLKHFULB RPIIBM H CHATIPSOUL, OBBFEN H HUFSHSOIL, ZEE NEOS PCYDBM PMEOO, LPFPTSCHKSK Zablkhreim Complex; BFEN ON UPVBLBI With RPEIBM A HUFSHA fYLUFY, CHSM The "BTY" PDYO dv IPTPYYI LYFPVPKOSCHI CHEMSHVPFPCH, ON UPVBLBI RTPFBEYM PVTBFOP B hUFShSOUL J H OBYUBME NBS CHNEUFE UP UCHPYNY YEUFSHA URHFOYLBNY, pMEOYOSchN J RBTFYEK NEUFOSCHI SLHFPCH J FHOZHUPCH, LPFPTSCHE VSCHMY LBL LBATSCH, have FtbourptFPN 160 Complex, Khyshchy Huftshsoulb about Puffl LPFEMCHOSCHUKK. With Retaevtbmus on QU-Uyvytüye Pufflock, Chickens, Chicken Neshubezhezzp, Ppprmp Pufflicks LPFEMSP. LFPF RETEYPD about OPCHP-Uyvytuliy Pufflock with DemBM H NBE NEUSGE. FBN Obühubmbush HTCH FBMSH, TBMICH Tel, y Babfen with Pufbmus Ptzudbfs ChultStshfis NPTS. with PUFBCHIM OBBRBU RTPCHYYY; OE OE refinery CHSFS at the UPVP, CHSM about FTY NEUSGB, a PSDP of the RTPLPTNIFS Madek, Complex Rtlevetsebfs on Pvtbfuzk RHFS. Fpptb Nwby TBDEMYMYUSH, - PMEOO in Fangbn Pufbmisus MFPCHBFSHBF Pipfpk DMS FPZP, IFPWCH RTYZPFCHIFS NSR. yuBUFSh UPVBL RTYYMPUSH HVYFSH, YUBUFSH FPK RBTFYY have UPVBLBNY PUFBMBUSH MEFPCHLH ON ON oPChP-uYVYTULYI PUFTPCHBI, B, C Y YEUFSHA URHFOYLBNY PUFBMUS ON NSCHUE nEDChETsShEN PTSYDBFSH CHULTSCHFYS NPTS J BOYNBMUS ZMBCHOSCHN PVTBPN PIPFPK, YUFPVSCH RTPLPTNYFSH UEVS. BFEN, B Yama NEUSGE, NPTE CHULTSCHMPUSH, J C'S CHEMSHVPFE, LPFPTSCHK VSCHM PBN RPDZPFPCHMEO, I YEUFSHA URHFOYLBNY, B FPF CE DEOSH, LBL FPMSHLP MED FTPOHMUS PF VETEZB, RPYEM CHDPMSH ATSOPZP VETEZB uYVYTULYI PUFTPCHPCH J CHDPMSH lPFEMShOPZP, OBRTBCHYMUS B vMBZPChEEEOULYK RTPMYCH, NEFF Puffy Updk Uyvight. Babfen, RTPVYTBSush Yuete LFPF RTPMYCH, with Chickens of the Uchetp-ibrbdha, Yubufsh Orthpk Uyvighty, - RFP VSSM VSYCBKYYK RHLF, at the LPFPTPP PBDP LSSP YFY HU PFLTCHFSK PLAKMY ON ONNAME VELUFB. Obbfen, RetadpiOhch about the OPCHPK Wyweight, Nwby Pfartbchimyush DBMShi will take off. h RTPFFCHPRPMPSOFUFS Rtedyufchhaeenh 1902 CPDX, LPDB ChuE NPTE HIFPN Evapped Lushpope Obvyphp MSHDBNY, with ChufTheFim Obtaining PFLTSCHPPE NPTA; OE LUSP DBCA MSHDB DPUFBFOPA VPMSHIPZP, IFPVSCH NPCOP VSBPS CHSHFSH OZHP PFDPOOKHFSH. RTYPDYMPUSH Uydefs Chu Venets Chu Venetry, Chuec Chuna Vushchek Chief Chief. Fallet, NSH DPVTBMYUS DP Yenmy Veewoff 5-zP BTZHUFB, RFTTBSOCHE, - LFPT NTCH NSHSBM NSHUPN RTTVTBSOULON, - Khspzkdimus about Pupfort Voeoff. SWIZBKYY TSA PVUMUMEDPCHEY BFPZP RFZB Pühosh ULPTP DBMP ONN RTYEBLY RTEVSKUBYSS FBN RBTFYY VBTPOB FPMS. Nwby Thrust ZTHDH Lbnoek, h LPFTPK Obihydymiusch VKHFSHMLB in Obreyulpk UE WENBFYUEULPE RBBOPN Puzzhpch, Hlebbookyen, YuFP FBN Obihydsfus Dplhneofs. THLPCHPDFCHSUSH Ффен, Nwn Pugeos ULPTP, h Svitzbkiya Doy, RTPTBMYUS L FPH Study, VBTPO FPMSH UP UPBS UPPN RFPN Puzzha. FBN Nwby Buli LPMELGYY, ZepMyulyulia Youftkhneofs, Uncoord, LPMMD LPFPTCTCKA, BBFEN FPF Ltbflike Dplhneof, LPFTSCHK DBM RPUMEDAYE ACCOUNT POMMB. According to SPCHPTEM, UFP VBTPO FPMSH RTyvshm H 1902 SPDX MEFPN on Pupfts, Vadodfb, Zea software, hpka LPOFCH, TEYMUS WABBMBFCHBFS, FBL LB KHETS LSHP RPDOP, B Zambchop, YuFP Yi Yutechshcheubkop Babbitzbmp FBN, - PPPSCFLB Pipfshch. Usage Ufbmisyush FBN Pipfyphyshus, UFPVSch RPRPMOFSS Uchki Obrbutch, OP UPDBFSHPHPWh. RPPPNH VBTPO FPMSH UBUBMBM MEEM RETEYNPCHBFS, CHEUEOO PIPH PIPHKH, Y RTPDPMCSBFS HTCH DBMSHOEKY DCHYETSEY CHEUCUP, SHIPHRAMEYEN'S CHEFTAPPPPBU, FBL LLB HT BTZHUF HTCH Ufbopchyfus Fenop. PIPUB LFB LSHB OVDBYOB, S H PLFSVT NUKSHSUEMUMPUCH, YUFP RBTFYS RETJNPCHBFSH OE NPCSF, YFP EK RTidefus HNTEFSH FBN in Zpmps. fPZDB, B LPOGE OPSVTS 1902 ZPDB, VBTPO fPMMSh TEYYMUS ON PFYUBSOOSCHK YBZ - YFFY OF AZ W FP CHTENS, LPZDB HTSE OBUFHRYMY RPMSTOSCHE OPYUY, LPZDB FENRETBFHTB RPOYTSBEFUS DP 40њ, LPZDB NPTE, B UHEOPUFY ZPCHPTS, DBTSE B PFLTSCHFSCHI NEUFBI OE YNEEF CHPDSCH, B RPLTSCHP MSDPN, FBL YUFP DCJBFSUS Opleayoopa Rapufi Ochpjnptsop o Communication, oh, about Yimlby, oh Reylpn. H FBLPK PVUFFECCHL, H Rpmstokh Obuzha, according to Dchiokhmus Urgen's Accounts Urkhfoylby about AZ. DPLKHneof ezp Lpouubefus Fleli Uphchbn: "Uzpdos Pfartbchimyush about AZ; Chuhe Laptop, RTPchyji about 14 militants. " RBTFYS, LPOOYUP, Chus Rpzimb. With fPZDB HCHYDBM, YUFP NPC BDBYUB TBTEYEOB, YUFP fPMMSh HYEM OF AZ, OBYUYF, PUFBCHBMPUSH UDEMBFSH RPUMEDOYK RETEIPD ON uYVYTULYE PUFTPCHB J PUNPFTEFSH Chueh ULMBDSCH, LPFPTSCHE VSCHMY PBN BMPTSEOSCH, YUFPVSCH HOBFSH, OE PUFBCHBMUS MJ zde-OYVHDSH VBTPO fPMMSh. BFH BBDBU YBUFSHA Chewpmosm PMoyo. Obbfen with h-bchzhuf Pfartbchimus Putbfop, about OPCHP-Uyvytuli Pufflicks. PUNPFTEM RP DPTPZE DRUBDSCH, LPFPTACKSKY VSHBBMPSEP. Chuu Lushpm GEMP, Oilbliy RTyjoblpch ChPCTBEEYAS WBTPOB FPMS OP Lushp. Zhlubf Rip Zyvemy Pufbmus Rapufi Ouupooboshchenn. Yuete 42 Dos RMBChmus about LFP-Marle with Chetokhmus WopBB LEBS RETSCHPH YUPDOPH RHOLFH PRPMP NSHUBS NOSHENBESP PUPTPCH LPFEMSPP. LPEG BTZHUFB th OBUBMP UEOOFSVTS. FBN with PUFBCHBMUS DP Kbbnetubus NPTS, B H PLFSVTE with the PVTBFOP register about NBFEL, h huftshswall. Chuu Urkhfoil Npy Pufambmisus Zimichshch. PMEOO CHSHPMOSM VISHBDBUKH, UPTBKOY MYYAYAK UPVLOBLY MIEYOYK. Nwby Chetochmiusch Chu, OE Rapfetschy Oh PDOPZP Yempechelb. Pffkhdb Nwby Pvschyoshchny Rhfen Rpeibmi h CHATIPSUL, B Babfen h Slkful. LFP TSSHP HTZH H 1903 SPDX. h Delbwtte Nesush with Hymej Huftshsoulb, hlchte Vskch hlypsoule, b bbfen h Lpoda Obsoltsov HT Slkful, LLB TB Oblob's Prelipcames Thulp-Srpoulpk Chagesch. In the Fairy of the RPT with PMEO-incident OE Childbmus DP RTPymPZP ZPDB h Ubvaoye; According to RPFPN TBVPFBM on BNHTU H otemPFPRTPNCHEOPC LPNRBOY.
bMLuechulike.according to the Village RPMYFYUYULYK WUSCHOMCHOKK YMY HZPMPCHOP?
lDMyb.according to the Village RPMYFYYUULYK WUSUSHCHOP. According to Ufhadeof, NPulpchulpzp Khueteufest. X OzP VSBBB Ulmpopophufsh, with Vul BBBM, - Luchopnh Bchobatyunh. EZP YOPETEOPCHBM LTBK, th, LPDB on RPMhuym Bunufuya BBB accounting of Lulvediga, according to Chetchmus Pvtbfop Ya Reftpztbdb h Slkful.
bMLuechulike.b DTHZONE WUSCHMOSKNY HIS HIS SLKHFULPK PVMBUFY OE CHILDYMY H OUCHYAYS?
lDMyb. with ChUFTEYUBMUS ONNY HUIPSUELE HUFSHSULE, OP OE OEBCHCHCHBM PFPEYOW, RPFPH YUFP with Vnchchbm Chvetoeop; Wamjlp with oh Lena Oboblpnimus, RPFPH YUFP with the cattle of the Vnchchbm RP Oleulpmshlp Dakek. lPZDB W sLHFULE RPMHYUYM YCHEEEOYE P FPN, YUFP UMHYUYMPUSH OBRBDEOYE ON OBY LPTBVMY B rPTF-bTFHTE J CHUMED BFEN YCHEUFYE P FPN, YUFP BDNYTBM nBLBTPCh OBOBYUBEFUS LPNBODHAEYN zhMPFPN B fYIPN plebeians, with RP FEMEZTBZHH PVTBFYMUS B bLBDENYA oBHL have RTPUSHVPK CHETOHFSH NEOS B NPTULPE CHEDPNUFCHP PVTBFIMUS H NPTULPA CEDPNUFCHP at the RTPUSVPK RPUMBFS NEOS about DBMS shop of the CPUPL, h Fimesplebulha Bhlbdth, DMS Hubuhuse h chpovka. BFEN, FBL LBL pMEOYO VSCHM H LHTUE CHUEI DEM LUREDYGYY C ENH UNPZ UDBFSH Chui Dembo, MADEK, BVPFSCH P OHYE, BFEN GEOOPUFY, NOPZYE OBHYUOSCHE LPMMELGYY, LPFPTSCHE software ZMBCHOSCHN PVTBPN UPUFBCHYM, J UE Chuen FYN RPTHYUYFSH ENH EIBFSH H rEFTPZTBD LCA DPLMBDB H Blindya wound. B UBN with Yatlkhfulb Rpeibm about DBMSHOK CPUPL. Neos OE IPFEMY PFRHUFYFSH, OP, H LPOKHPCH, RPUM OELPFPTCHI LPMEVBOK, RTyideof Blbydeny, Ch. Lo. Lpoufbofo Lpoufbofyopchyuyu, l LPFTPNH with Ocherputdufteopope Putboxmus, Khuftm FBL, YuFP Neos Blinddis Pfyuumymbah Retheedbmb h Chadpnufchp, B FFF with RPMHUYM RTLBBee Rpeibfshch HPTF-BTFHT. FPDB with Cheby Yatlhful. h Ytlhful RTeibmi Neos Rapchydbfs NPK PFGA NPS Ferretus Tseob. with Keayyipn - Dpmtso Vskch Zea physhus RPUME RELCHPK BLLYEDIGHYGY, OP CHFTBS BLLYUDIGYS RPNEYBMBS; Obbfen Shiphrimb Chpkob, y with a beym, yufp hp Cea physhus. Underwash, h ytlhfule, with PVCHAUSYUBMUS, RPUME JUZP, RTPVschy Oleulpmshlp Dake, with Hebm Cheboufe, Ugupin DThzpn Vesyyuyühn, Ulbbchyun, UFP on Rpkdef UP Nopa DBMSh. RPNPTSCH TSE CHETOHMYUS NEMBD. With RTyvshm H RPTF-BTFHT, Rtynetop, h Nbtfe Nesusgi YMY h Obuby Zablims. NBBTBR FPDB EEE VSYCH. RTyvyschy H RPTF-BTFHT, with scatter l BDNTBMH NBBTBTH, LPFPTPZP RTPUM P Outbounds of Neoso on the Blinger's desfumshopush. According to the neos, the Bulpmshd lying on the "Bulpmshd", FBL LB, RP ezpkah,hhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhYuematulPK PvuFsball on VMShOVYY. with the RTPUM VombleFush Neos about the nyopopopeg; According to Hrptop, OE IPFEM OblovyFSH NEOS about Nyoboshch. About Bulpmshda with RTPVSchm DP Zyvemey BDNTBM NBBTBTP, LPFPTBS RTPYPYMB about Npyia Zambi 31 NBTFB. RPUME ZIVEMY BDNTBMB NBBTBBB with VSchbambuo on Pugeos LPTPflpe Khnets about NyOsporka Obbztbdyfemsh "BNHT", B BBFEN on the Nyopopopheg "Ottidfshk", h Lboueuufce LPNBodite. On FPN NYOPOPUGE, RPUME FPZP LBL C CHUFHRYM LPNBODPCHBOYE B, C OE TBUUYUYFBM UCHPYI UYM, LPFPTSCHE HTSE B Chui FP CHTENS VSCHMY RPDPTCHBOSCH - C RPMHYUYM PYUEOSH FSTSEMPE CHPURBMEOYE MEZLYI, LPFPTPE NEOS BUFBCHYMP UMEYUSH H ZPURYFBMSH. FBN with RTPsch plpmpt nonuser; Obbfen, h yam, Prtbchychyushysh PF ChPurbmet Meslya, with Uopbb RTPDPMSBM LPNBodfchbfs Nyopopugen DP Pueoy. L Pueau x Neos Wopchb Obumum Ulbchchchbfshus RTEMEDUFCHYS NPEZP RTEVSKUBYSBOV About LTBKOEN Little, B JNOOP - Rpschyumuysh RTyjobli Uhufbchopzp Teschnbfynb.
bMLuechulike.yobyuif, Chrbdtshchchchpad Blbdtshchkchpchbmi?
lDMyb.of, Chchschpad Blbdtch with Hubufchpchbm. With a Vushch Hzze about the Nyopopug, OP H IPP of the Opopopopheg of OE Hubufchpchbm, and DThzpk PFTSD. NSH FPMSLP RTPCHPDIMY CHICHPD BLBDTSCH, B BBFEN CHETOHMYUS, FBL LLB NPK NYopopopeg Dpmtso Vicksm Pufbchbfsus H RPTF-BTFHTE. Obbfen with Pueosha Chedem, YufP Nyopopuge Chuie Icey. RPUME FPZP LLB VSKH YAMSHULYK OEKHDBYUKHK MPC RTPTSCHEKHPUKHPUKHPUKHPUTSCHPUKHPULBS UYUFENBFYEULBS RMBOPENBS PUBDB LTERPUFY, Geof FSetsufi Squek Weshvshchki Retaews about Uhprkhfoszk Zhtpof. DEUSh RPUMEDOEE CHTENS NShch HTSE BOYNBMYUSH RPUFBOPCHLPK, ZMBCHOSCHN PVTBPN, NYO Q BZTBTSDEOYK PLPMP rPTF-bTFHTB, J HOE HDBMPUSH, B LPOGE LPOGPCH, RPUFBCHYFSH NYOOHA VBOLH ON A RPDIPDBI rPTF-bTFHTH, ON LPFPTPK CHPTCHBMUS SRPOULYK LTEKUET "fBLPUBDP". TeachmShFBF RTEVSKUBYUBUS RTPPPSEYE DEM, RTY LPFPTPN Geoft FSetsufi Chagesch Rateopuymus About Uhprochposhku Zhtpof, Burfbyhem Neos Usoofswt RTPUFSHUKUEYAYS ON SHIPROKHFOST Zhtpof. Chuu ChuStz with RTyoynbm Hubufye h Nellyy Ufmplophessi VPI PP CHETS KHETSKHPDPH. Pueosa with a selection of Uhprkhfuzk Zhtpof. with CHUFHRYM H LTERPUFSH, LPNBODPCHBM PBN VBFBTEEK NPTULYI PTHDYK ON UECHETP-CHPUFPYUOPN zhTPOFE LTERPUFY TH ON FPK VBFBTEE C PUFBCHBMUS DP UDBYUY rPTF-bTFHTB, DP RPUMEDOEZP DOS, J EDCHB DBTSE OE OBTHYYM NYTB, RPFPNH YUFP HOE OE VSCHMP DBOPiT OBFSH, YUFP NYT BLMAYUEO . With Tsimm H RPTF-BTFHT DP 20-Yuuem Delbvts, LPDB Listerpooth RBM. LPDB VSBBBS UDBYUB LTERPUFY, CHCH EME-EMP IPDYM, OP DETSBMUS EEE, NPTF-BTFKHTB RSSBMUS RPTF-BTFKHTB, NEW RTYMPUSH MEYUCH HPURYFBMSH, FBL LLB X NEOS TBCHIMUS H Pugeos FSCSPK SBTNE Uphuchopk Thechnbfyne. with Vushch Tboeo, OP MEZLP, \u200b\u200bFBL YUFP LFP NEOS Rapufy OE Veurplempympamp, B TECHNGFYN Neos Opportion Establishing OPE. LTPHTHPCHBMY SELECH, LTPN FSSMP TBIRUE MECHEST, WITH CENTRY PUFBMUS METSBFSH HPURIFBME H RPTF-BTFHTE. h Rmeok Srpoulpn with RTPVSchm DP Zabres NEUSGB, LPDB with Obusum Hzze Oleulpmshlp Prtbchmsfshus. Pffhdb of Pfartbchimi h DBMSHOK, B BBFEN H ON UWN.
h oBZBUBLY RBTFYS OBYYI VPMSHOSCHI J TBOEOSCHI RPMHYUYMB PYUEOSH CHEMYLPDHYOPE RTEDMPTSEOYE SRPOULPZP RTBCHYFEMSHUFCHB, RETEDBOOPE zhTBOGHULYN LPOUHMPN, n FPN, YUFP RTBCHYFEMSHUFCHP sRPOYY RTEDPUFBCHMSEF OPL CHPNPTSOPUFSH RPMSHPCHBFSHUS, zde NShch BIPFYN, CHPDBNY J MEYUEVOSCHNY HYUTETSDEOYSNY sRPOYY, YMY CE, EUMY NShch OE TSEMBEN PUFBCHBFSHUS H sRPOYY, Chetokhuz about Tpdyokh Chuslyy Humpchike. Nwby Chue RTedrpyum Chetokhuz DPNPK. Chenfuf with ZTRRPK Vsekuzki Tboo Pzhygetpch Yuete Bnetlch Pfartbchimus H Tpuyua. LFP Lushm hfed Bronz 1905 SPDB. Chuhe Nwby Yuete Bnetlch Chetokhamusch h Reftpztbd. H RFPPZTBDE NEOS UBUBMBBM Puchudfemshufchpchbmbm LPNJUYSKUBYUKEK, LPFPTBS RTyjobmbam Neos Ocake Occasions Yochebmidpn, DBMN JEFTCHTEYNESSOCKEK PFRKHUL DMS Meueyois on ChPDBI, Zea with RTPVSchm Chuhe MEFP DP Puea. In Puea with the RTPDPMCSB, Umkhtsvch, RTyuyen, about it Metzbmb EEE PVSBSBOFUFS RETED BLBDENYEK WASHN DBFSH RTECHDE Chuzp Pfyuf, RTyceufy h RPSDPL OBVMADEAYAS TBTBVPFLH RTedyufchhaeke BBTBFLH, LPFPTBS LSP NOPU LPFTBS. Chueh NPY FTHDSCH RP ZYDTPMPZYY J NBZOYFPMPZYY, UYAENLY VSCHMY VTPYEOSCH, FBL YUFP With PRSFSH RPUFHRYM B TBURPTSTSEOYE bLBDENYY oBHL J PUEOSHA 1905 ZPDB BOYNBMUS bLBDENYY oBHL W, OP HTSE BOYNBMUS FTHDPN LBVYOEFOSCHN, TBVPFBM B zhYYYuEULPK PVUETCHBFPTYY J RTYCHPDYM B RPTSDPL UCHPY TBVPFSCH. LFP Pfopufus L Retailpdh NPEK VSShiktkin Acquisition from Blłbandyk y Zepztbzhyulin Pveoeufchpn. Obbfen H Zepztbzhyuulpn PVEEUFCE with RPMKHUYM LVLBDH BBB Sciences of RPUMEDAYA BLLYGYGY - VMSHCHA Lpoufbofchulha Oppfa Nedbvsh.
lFB TBVPFB RTPDPMCBMPush DP Sozbats 1906 SPDB. With RTych DP YUCHUUFOPK UFERA HT RPLTPLK Rethedbm h RetetbVPFL UZEGYBMYUFBN Sciences of FTHDCH RP LFPK BLLYRYGYY.
h 1906 CPDK, hlschte Nesusgue, RTPYPYY FBLPZP TPDB PWUFPSFEMCHUFCHB. rPUME FPZP, LBL Oba zhMPF VSCHM HOYYUFPTSEO J UPCHETYEOOP RPFETSM Chui UCHPE NPZHEEUFCHP PE CHTENS OEUYUBUFOPK CHPKOSCH, ZTHRRB PZHYGETPCH, B YUYUME LPFPTSCHI VSCHM J C TEYYMY BOSFSHUS UBNPUFPSFEMSHOPK TBVPFPK, YUFPVSCH UOPCHB RPDCHYOHFSH Dempo CHPUUPDBOYS zhMPFB Q, W LPOGE LPOGPCH, DRYER YMY YOSCHN RHFEN LLB-OIVHDSH UFBTBFSUS H VKHDHEEN OBBZMBDYFSH FPF CARE CARE, LPFTSK CHSC BMBM ON DPMA ZHPTPB CHLPN SPDK, ChPTPDYFS LFFF about Obubmbi Alluity, Uzufenbfags, Yuen LFP Wigpm dp Sumy RPT. h Uchoophufi, UDIFCHECTORSKEKHNYCHEN DESFEMEN ZHMPFB VSSBM BDNTBM NBBSTBTP, B DP BDNFPD Tver JSC LMPF Tsemy Otchoop OE RPDZPFFCHMEO L Chpkova, th Chus Desfemshopufsh EZP LSKK OE OEBS. Considers of the BDBDBYEK Schymbush Yides Chpatpcdeais Size of the LMPFB NPTULCP NPZHEEUFCH.
zTRRB іfyi NPTULYI PZHYGETPH, at the TBTUEYUS NPTULPZP NyaYUFTB, PVTBBBBMP OPOOP-NPTULPK LTHCPL, RPMHPZhigibmshchakk. FBL ONN LSHP RTeDpufbchmy h NPTULPK Blbydeni RPNEEEYEYEY; Utagefchb LPE-LBYEE NPTULPE NYAYUFETUFCHP DBMP, FBL LBZ POP PFPUYMPUSHPUCHPUMBFEMSHOP LFP TBVPFF. With VSSH HUYUM PUPCHBFEK LTHPZP CPEOP-NPTULPZP LTHCLB H RFPPZTBDE, ZED NSH NSHBOSMYUSES RTECSE Chuzp TBTBVPFLPK ChPRTPUB, LBTBBCHIFSFS Damp Chpueudboy ZHPFB about Uppüchfufchhayia, Obubmbi. h Techmshfbfe LFPPP, h LPOKPH, Nopa YuMUBN LTHPZP LTHTSLB Ltmshibs TBTBVPBBOB VPFPTHSBS NSHPDBMY NJUFTH RP RPCHPDH UPLABLE NPTULPZP ZeetbmShPSP ФБВБ, F.-E. FBLPZP PTZBOB, LPFTSK VSH Chadbm Uzreybmshopk RPDZPFPCHLPK ZHPFB L Chipkaya, Jesp Tbosh OE Lushm: Village NPTULPK ВФБВ, LPFTSCHK Chadbm Mysochn Upufbchpn ZHPFB, - FPMSLP. h Ltpf LTHCPL Chipdimy Eesmmps, Tyrinich-Lftubrpch, Rymlio; Scabfen L Jenh RTeopedyamyush Pühueos Nopey. With DPMZPU Khnets Vitch Rtleheademen LTHPP LTHCLB. L RPDBOPK Obryule Pfooumiusch Pugeos Utyukhufucheopop, th Cuecop 1906 SPDB Lushpki TEYOPK ZeetbmShoshkchkchkvkvkv. RMBO LFPF VCHM PDPVTEO, C CheUUP, RTYVMYIFEMSHOP HOW BTERE 1906 SPDB, according to Vishm Pukheeufchmeo, the NTPTULPZP ZeetbmSHPPSP of ZeetbmSHP. h LFPF VFBV DVIUM C, h Lboueufsch ichbackledhasezp VBMFykuhn Festpn. with VSSH H FP Khnets Lbrichopn 2-zp Tbosb th Симомус PDOYN YEV RFTCHESKY, CHAIRYOPE-CHL FPF EFBV. In the LFPP, Knevoyy th Obuisobefus RTYPD, Pvdanbaik RTYVMYYIFEMSHOP 1906, 1907, 1908 ZZ, - Retailpd, Eumy NPCP FBL CHISTBYFSHUS, WSBVSHIK NBB Chpatpqdaea ZHPFB. h Puchbeky Chuzp LFPPD Dem NPTULN Zeetbmshoshkn YFBVPN VSBBSKHYOKHFB NPTULBS Uchdputpymshobs RTPZTBNNB, LPFTPK DP UYI RPT OE WSCHP. rPUFTPKLB UHDPCH YMB VE CHUSLPZP RMBOB, B BCHYUYNPUFY FEI PF LTEDYFPCH, LPFPTSCHE PFRHULBMYUSH ON FPF RTEDNEF, RTY Yuen DPIPDYMY DP FBLYI BVUHTDPCH, YUFP UFTPYMY OE FPF LPTBVMSH, LPFPTSCHK VSCHM OHTSEO, B FPF, LPFPTSCHK PFCHEYUBM TBNETBN PFRHEEOOSCHI ON FP UTEDUFCH. BMBZPDBTS LFPH RPMKHYUMYUS LBEYE-FP LPTBVMY, LPFPTCHA ChPooylbmi Omechufop Obuyen.
flentine Pvtbpn, RTECDE Chuzp Vushchbr Chshchiokhfb Rmbopnetobs Ukhputpymshobs RTPZTBNNB. RetoxBS TBVPFB, LPFTBS LVBBB Khschpotnin Zeetbmshoshoskn YFBVPN, Kbabmayubmubushch Jaheuoyeee ChPEOP-RPMYFYUYULPK PVUFUFCHLY. LFP VCHM NNEOP FPF Retail, LPDB NPTulpk ZeetbmShoschoschkchkchkt TBVPVPFBM Sukhnefopop from Okhiprhkin. ChP Zamba OTBVB OFBBB UFPSM BDNTBM VTKUYMPCH, B FBN Zeyetbm Rbmigshko. LFP Vushm Erippical-hectares Retail, LPFTSCHK with Toba, LPDB PVB YFBVB TBVPFBME UPBUFEFOPHOP. LFP VSSP RETYPD YEKHYUEYAS PVES RPMYFYUEULPK PVUFUBOPCHLY, I EEE H 1907 OPDKH NSHT RTYYM LEFTOPOPE PREDMEOOPH CHISTHPDX P OEYUVETSOPUFY NMSSHIKL OBTPREKULPK CHRACT. yHYuEOYE Chueca PVUFBOPCHLY CHPEOOP-RPMYFYYUEULPK, \u200b\u200bZMBCHOSCHN PVTBPN ZETNBOULPK, \u200b\u200bYHYUEOYE RPDZPFPCHLY ITS, ITS RTPZTBNNSCH CHPEOOPK NPTPLPK TH TH FD - UPCHETYEOOP PRTEDEMEOOP J OEYVETSOP HLBSCHCHBMP OPL ABOUT FH CHPKOH, OBYUBMP LPFPTPK NShch PRTEDEMSMY × 1915 ZPDH, HLBSCHCHBMP ON AF YUFP FB Chpkob DPMTSOB VSSFSH. H Pornp Lushpki TownFs Umdohake ChPDPU. Nwby Yobimy, YuFP Joygjbfychb h LFP CPC, Obusubmp Her, VKdef Yuipdym PF Zetnboy; Ъobmy, yufp h 1915 CPDK Skub Obuyuf Chit. PVIDP LSHP TEYFSH PHRPPU, LB NSHT DPMCEZKO ON LFPBSYTPCHBFSH.
rPUME DPMZPZP J CHEUSHNB DEFBMSHOPZP YHYUEOYS YUFPTYYUEULPZP J CHPEOOP-RPMYFYYUEULPZP, VSCHMP TEYEOP LBL NPTULYN, FBL J UHIPRHFOSCHN YFBVBNY, YUFP NShch VHDEN ON UFPTPOE RTPFYCHOYLPCH zETNBOYY, YUFP UPAB have zETNBOYEK BLMAYUBFSH VHDEF OEMSHS, B YUFP FB CHPKOB DPMTSOB VHDEF TEYYFSH, B LPODE LPOGPCH, ChPDPU P UMBSHSOFCE: VSSFS YMY OE VSHFSH H H DBMCHEECEN. vSchMY YCHEUFOSCHE ZTHRRSCH, LPFPTSCHE TELP TBUIPDYMBUSH At FPK FPYULPK TEOYS J HLBSCHCHBMY ON OEPVIPDYNPUFSH UPAB zETNBOYEK P, OP FB RPMYFYYUEULBS PVUFBOPCHLB, LPFPTBS VSCHMB RPMPTSEOB B PUOPCHBOYE, RPLBSCHCHBMB, YUFP CHPKOB RTPYPKDEF RTPFYCH UPAB UTEDOOSCHI YNRETYK. With Ipyuh FPMSHLP RapdyetlohFs, YuFP Chus BFB Chpkob Vushchy Obstigo Reddchydeob, Linchet Outlee For Ratechufteob. OE LSHBBER OPTSIDBOPK, DBCU RTY PREDEMEYOK OBUBMBM Her pogvbmisch FPMSLP about RPMZPDB. DB Y FP Oengshch, Ufp Rtyjobafe, YuFP Sing Obushibry Her Tbosh, Yuen RTerppMBMY. Flendine Pvtbjpn, honors at Pvein Rpmyfyuyolen Rappesoien nd Vuschbr Tbatbvpfbob Uchpproftpymshobs RTPPZTBNNB, DFMTSOFCHBCHBSBS VSBSHSDPHEUEOPK L 1915 SPDX. LIFPH Deli Pfopufus Retail Ustechshcheubkop Female Uopyomik Pvpii YFBVPH, in ZPUHDBTUFCEOPK DHNPK, LPFPTBS RTYYOYNBMB HFPN DEME VSHMSYP Hubufye. h Lfpf retail 1906 - 1907 zz. TBMYOSE RPMYFYYUELY ZTHRRSH, RPMYFYYUYUELE PTZBYABGYY - Chuu Yofteuopchbmisus ChPEOCHNY ChPRTPUBNY. RTYPDYMPush RTUPFSOPSPSPSPSFS FBN h Lboueuufce DPLambdülb y Bulletfb about Nraftsyi Babobyi. FBN, YuBUFP UFBChimiusch ChPRTPUDOPDPN ZhPFFE, CHPPVEE PVEEUFCHP Yutechchshchubkop Yofteuopchbmpush LFPK Chpkopk th Dispun. LFPP RFPD Vushm Yutechshcheubkop Ptsychmeoshkn h Lfpn Undo. LIPNH RETYPDX PFOPUIFUS UNITEBSUBKOP VMYLBS TCHCHS NEFSHDBTUFCEOPK DHNPK I SPEOCHNY LPNYUSNY. Chpyi Chpea-LPNuyshi with Vushch h Lboueufcchpgm about Selfie TeyFemshop Pvuhcdeyusi ChPRTPUPH, LPFPTBSKA LBUBMYUS ZHPFB.
bMLuechulike.vaults Mi Utyj Pzhygetpch ZHPFB NPTULPZP CEDPNUFCHB UFPTPOOLY PLAYBE NETNOBOK, IPFS VSP RP UPPVTBSEYSN YUYUFP RTPZHUYUPOBMSKHOSKHN, FEYYUYUSHIN?
lDMyb.with refrigerant HLBFSH OTDDB, LPFTSK VSSM FPDDB Oboyan Bzeophospn h Zetnboy y LPFPTSCHK Ferretsh h Uplovetulpk TPUYUY (LBSFUS, RPUME BMSHFZHBFETTB ON CHHRPOSEF PVSBOPUFE LPNBodhasezp ZHPFPN). tO VSCHM PRTEDEMEOOSCHN UFPTPOOYLPN UPAB have zETNBOYEK, HLBSCHCHBS, YUFP TBTSCHCHBFSH have zETNBOYEK OEMSHS, YUFP Chueh CHPRTPUSCH, LPFPTSCHE UHEEUFCHHAF NPZHF VSCHFSH TBTEYEOSCH HDPCHMEFCHPTYFEMSHOP, J YUFP, OBPVPTPF, UPA have bOZMYEK J zhTBOGYEK OE UHMYF tPUUYY OYYUEZP, LTPNE DBMSHOEKYYI PUMPTSOEOYK. CHIST, NPCSF VSSFSH, RPONOF PDOK Loyzh Chepoop-RPMyfyuulPZP Upesavboyus, Upsuoye Oil Chbodbms: FBN RTPCHPDYMBUSH BFB Fppulb Sciences P OpepvipDinspuy Upjebe in Zetenboek. BFP Obdambmps NOPZP SHNB TBDEMYMP PVEEUFCHP ON DCHB Mbzets: PTYO - Zetnbulprk PTeyeofbgiy, y DTHZPK - Upkoyeulpk PTheyofbgy. Lthrochkin RTpfychoylbylbni LFPK Fpyujkheis Vousy BDNTBMSh Bowo Oteroo. BDNTBM BWPFYCH ONGECH, IPFSP RTPYUPCDEYASP RTPYUPCDEYAS. Oteroo Vskch FBLTER Yi RTpfychoylpn y Oeobchydeem Oenghech. Tedy Lthrochi RTeDofbchyfekek NPTULPZP CEDPNUFCHB OE LSHP RTeDofbchyfeke Zetnbulpk Ptyeofbgiy. VPMSHOYOFCHP Ulmposmpush l Upkoyeulpk PTheyofbgiy, FBL LLB Chuhen Lushpm Chield, YuFP RTYZPFCHMEASS ZETNBYY L CHFKOY YDHF, YUFP SOPFPCHIFUS L CHFTKY YNOOP SHOPTYMY, P Yuen Susop Shpchnofshch. LPOYYOP, NPSMY VSSFSH PoyVLY, LPOYYOP, FWHEY CHERE MEZYUE SPCHPTYFS RPUF-LYKLFKHN, OP FPDDB DMS NEOS, OPPTENNE, PDYO FTEKHYUM UFPEM PFLTPCHEYS, FBL LB Damp Shpchptim PV Pfopian Lo Nnn Zetnboy. With Dhhnba, Eumy X Neos Vicky Nyokhfshch LPMevboy, FP FTEKULEY Yi Hoyyufptsim. Shdsh Factul Yuipdim Ya Yakhyuyuyuyu Schukin Lbtfiosch, Chuhek YufptiyulPK UFPTPSP DEMB, SECHE RPMYFILY ZETNBYY.
bMPLUEURCHULYK. Flendine Pvtbjpn, NPTulpnh Zeetbmshopnh RTYPDYMPush UpfbchmSFSF RTPZTBNH h Zhuvshchhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhhu
lDMyb. DMS FPZP, IFPVCTB CHISTBVFBFS RTPZTBNH, PBDP LSSP YNEFS PEDEDEMEOOPZP RTPFYCHYLB Y ROTED APPLE. LFPT Utpl Vecch Zhiluytpchbo 1915 Z., Zambchchoshk Tset RTpfychoyl Vickpore Predemao, Lon Zetnobus. UCBS UCHPUFTPEFEMSHOBS RTPZTBNNB VSBBB RTYOSPB in RTeDofbchMeob h Zpuchdbtuffercoo DHNH, OPDeex RTPYPYY Lthro Svetvfis. Outletoop Oepsudbop NPTULN Nyoyuftpn Vushchujoo ChPechpdulike, RTUBUEFCEELL EZP DYLPH Pfuymus L ipnh DPCHPMShop Bejtbamyuya OE RTPFJPDEKUFCHBM LFPT TBVPFF. fPZDB X NPTULPZP ZEOETBMSHOPZP YFBVB SCHYMBUSH VPMSHYBS YDES: VHDHYUY RTPFYCHOYLBNY zETNBOYY, NShch, B UHEOPUFY ZPCHPTS, RTYOBCHBMY, YUFP ZETNBOULBS CHPEOOBS PTZBOYBGYS SCHMSEFUS PVTBGPCHPK, J PVB ZEOETBMSHOSCHE YFBVB - J UHIPRHFOSCHK, J NPTULPK - UFTENYMYUSH A UPDBOYA RPMPTSEOYS ZEOETBMSHOSCHI YFBVPCH, LBL OEBCHYUYNSCHI PTZBOPCH , Radyuyoooo-FPMSLP CHTIPCHOPK BMBUFY, B OE Nyoyufth. LFP Chistzbmp, Uneuh RBMigshchob, SUC LSP RP NPNOFH, YUFP UNEEO VKHDAF YUFI Vтhuympch. OP on FPDDB OBBVPMEM. Chumad Babyis RTpfych Theodetogijk, NPTulpn Zeetbmshopn Yfbva. Nyoyuftpn Vushchy Lbobyuy ChPENHPDULYK, LPFTSCHK RPUENKH-ФП Obusubs Weschvh in ZPUHDBTUFCEOPK DHNPK Yneoop about Rfp Ustputpymshop GTPZTBNNCH. According to UFBTBMUS RTRSFUFCHPCHBFSH BPNH RPUCHE VSUSKH in ZPUHDBTUFCEOPK DHNPK H FP Khnets, LPDB Damp Hetz Obmbzichbmpush. non-FPN FPN CHETS THP OE TSDBMP, RP of the usual Cvdadoeoya, th RTPZTBNH PWP LSSP RTPCHPDYFSH. hpka LPOHPH, ChPechpduline Damp Lushpm Rpufbchmy FBL, YUFP RTPZTBNNB LFB PUFBOPCHIMBUSH. About Nopsey, DMS LPFPTSI BFB RTPZTBNNB SCMSMBUSH Chuen Unshumpn, Gimsha Causes UsuufchpchBus, h FPN Yuhume th about Neos, LFP RTPYACHP H Crejubfmeoye. With Vushche Pdo Ya Zambhoshki Umpufkchichyfhek RTPZTBNNCH, SMSHCHUFSHOPHE with Ryubm Tbotbfshchchchchchbm, clutched, in the LFPH GEMSHA with the Emight of HPUHDBTUFCOOKH DHNH, L Zhulpchh y Dhzpn Yumekn Svukhdbtufecopk Dhhnshch. With Ufbtbmus LFP Uphembfsh, ChPNPCop, RTYMBSBS Chuhe Huymis, ODMSP OMESHA OMESSP. fPZDB With ULBBM UEVE, YUFP RTY FBLYI HUMPCHYSI, LPZDB FB RTPZTBNNB NPTULPZP NYOYUFETUFCHB OE NPZMB VSCHFSH RTPCHEDEOB dv-B TBOPZMBUYK, LPFPTSCHE VSCHMY DMY NEOS OERPOSFOSCH, dv-B LBLPK-OP VPTSHVSCH, LPFPTHA THAN NPTULPK NYOYUFT have zPUHDBTUFChEOOPK dHNPK - PUFBCHBFSHUS B ZEOETBMSHOPN YFBWE with OE refinery. With Chedem, YuFP at Ohin Omesp Omeshs Rapdembafs, RPFPH TYEM PUFBCHIFSH POOPOOKH TBVPFH CHETOHFSHUS L RTKEKEK Obneopk Defemshopufi. ChPESHPDULYK, VHDHYUKHUYUEO NYAYUFTPN, OBUMUM YENOSFSFSFSH RTEDEMSKHBFSH BFH RTPZTBNH, LPFTTSYCHBFSH BBRTPUBUT, LPFPTUKSKU DCHNPK SPUHDBTUFCEOPK DHNPKY LPFPTCKE VSEPVIPTYSK DMS TEYSOYS CHFRTPUPH, Y F. D. Rpuyenh on the LFPD DEMBM, LUSP Obuchopoop Omechufop, OP Potan Oppho Dem Schedule Oboeuo Htzbučk. h Lpodhpch, LFP PTDBJIMPUSH, YuFP RTPZTBNH OE CHRPMMY LE FPHT UTPLKH, L LPFPTPH NPSMB, DPFTPNH NPSMB, DPMTSOB VSBS VSSFS CHRACTRATOB. Chobyubem LFB RTPZTBNNB Linchem Hairdryer, YuFP Lushpm Yuchaufop RPD Yneogen "VMShiktkin RTPZTBNNCH". TBBFEN TBBRBMBUSH DCHB RTPELFB - NMSShiktkin Nbymbus. LFP Lushpm Dempn ChPESPDulPZP. About Neos LFP RPDEKUFCHPCHBPN \u200b\u200bRevenue Revenue PVTBN, y with Teymes, YuFP RTY FBLYY Humpchysi Oyuzp OE HDBUFUS UDMBFSH, RPFPH TYEM DBMSHYUYULPK TBVPFPK. With RetufBM TBVPFBFS OBD OPNE DEPNA OBUBM YUFBFSH MELHY HU NPTULPK BLBDENY, LPFTBS VSBBB FPDDB PVTBBBB. With Yifbm Melgiy Oleulpmshlp NesusGeh Thyim, YuFP Mkhyuy Chetokhus L Obbvopk TBVPFF. h FP CHTENS OBYUBMSHOYL ZMBCHOPZP ZYDTPZTBZHYYUEULPZP HRTBCHMEOYS chYMShLYGLYK (C EZP IPTPYP OBM, FBL LBL software VSCHM RPMSTOSCHK YUMEDPCHBFEMSH, B ON NEOS IPTPYP OBM Q UPYUHCHUFCHPCHBM Chueca NPEK DESFEMSHOPUFY) RTEDMPTSYM HOE PTZBOYPCHBFSH LUREDYGYA LCA YUUMEDPCHBOYS UECHETP-CHPUFPYUOPZP NPTULPZP RHFY dv bFMBOFYYuEULPZP PLEBOB H uEChETOSchK plebeians CHDPMSH Sveterelch Wyweight. Chuftefychyushi RPZPCHTYCH in Oyn, with the Tyama Lambosfsus, the Dempn. Obihydsushch h Zeetbmshopn YFBWE, with TBTBVPFBM RTPELF TFPK Lulledigy N RPDBM Chemshliglpnh. rTY TBTBVPFLE CHPRTPUB, LBL CHSCHRPMOYFSH FH LUREDYGYA, C, OF PUOPCHBOYY CHUEZP RTEDYEUFCHHAEEZP PRSCHFB RPMSTOPZP RMBCHBOYS, ON PUOPCHBOYY PRSCHFB RMBCHBOYS DEUSH ON UECHETE, PUFBOPCHYMUS ON PTZBOYBGYY OPCHPK LUREDYGYY ON UFBMSHOSCHI UHDBI MEDPLPMSHOPZP FYRB, LPOEYUOP, OE FBLYI, LPFPTSCHE NPZMY R ™ £ MPNBFSH RPMSTOSCHK ECM, FBL LBL PRSSF "ENTNBB" RPLBBM, YUFP IFP Schushchenpmnp y YuFP BLFYCHOBS VPTSHVB in Plaribuline MSDPN OhpnPsob. OP PRSCHF RPLBBM, YUFP LPOUFTHYTPCHBFSH UHDOP, LPFPTPE CHSCHDETTSYCHBMP R ™ £ DBCHMEOYE MSHDPCH, CHRPMOE CHPNPTSOP, YUFP FP BFTHDOEOYK OE CHSCHSCHCHBEF J YUFP, LPOEYUOP, MEZLP DPUFTPYFSH UFBMSHOPE UHDOP VPMSHYPK CHNEUFYNPUFY, LPFPTPE PE CHUSLPN UMHYUBE OE VHDEF HUFHRBFSH "zhTBNH" RPUFTPEOYPNH oBOUEOPN dv DETECHB TH FPMSLP Wobswauophens Ufbmshopk Funchlpk. With Utyufbm Opepvipdyshn Ynefs Dchb Fblii Ukhdob, Yufpvysch Javetsbfsh Umkhyubkopufek, Olevetsevoshku H FBLPK BLLYredigiy. h LPOGE LPOGPCH, H 1908 ZPDH ZMBCHOPE ZYDTPZTBZHYYUEULPE HRTBCHMEOYE CHSCHUFHRYMP Y RTPELFPN PTZBOYBGYY FBLPK LUREDYGYY LCA YHYUEOYS CHPRTPUB P UECHETOPN NPTULPN RHFY dv fYIPZP H bFMBOFYYuEULYK plebeians LTHZPN UECHETOPZP RPVETETSSHS uYVYTY. C, PUFBCHBSUSH RPLB H YFBWE, RTYYYNBM H TBTBVPFLA LFPZP RTPELFB Blinger Hubufye. Chuu Uchkokvdop Tube with TBVPFBM OBD O. RTPELFPN, aid on the BCHPT, TBTBBFSHCBM in Yoceteetbni Fuchet Scheph. HFPN RTyoynbm Hubufye Npk Vushchkin Urkhfoil Nbffeuo. TEYOPE PSCHP RPUFFFSFS DCM Medplodmms Uphbms UFB, LPFPtskach Villas: FBCHT "Chbkzbyu". LPNBodytpn Vushchuo Nbffeuo. LPDB LFP LSHPEYOP, with RTPUM PFUYUMIFSH NEOS PF ZeetbmShPSP ВФБВБ.
lTHCPL PZHIGETPH RTPDPMSBM ZHHOLGYPOOTPCHBFSB DP RPUMEDPHEZP KHEREYA, YE WITH RTPDPMTSBM TBVPFBFSH LBUEUFCE RTDEDBFEMS LTFPP LTHCLB. With UNPFTEM on LTFP LTHCPL, Zambchchkin Pvtbjpn Lleb about PVTBFCHBFEMCHOSFS, Ineeik GEMSHA RPDOSFSFS CHTPCHEKHESPCH PZHIGETULPK TEDE. PBN DEMBMYUSH YOFETEUOSCHE DPLMBDSCH, RTPYCHPDYMYUSH OBHYUOSCHE TBVPFSCH TH FD tEYYCh BOSFSHUS CHUEGEMP DEMPN LUREDYGYY, W 1908 ZPDH HYEM dv ZEOETBMSHOPZP YFBVB J CHUEGEMP RPUCHSFYM UEVS OBVMADEOYA B RPUFTPKLPK FYI UHDPCH ON OECHULPN UHDPUFTPYFEMSHOPN BCHPDE. H 1909 SPDX USHB VSHMY URHEEZHOST, NSHS PUEOSHA KHYY ON DBMSHOK CNUFLPL, HYDLE, YFPVCH MEFPN 1910 SPDB RTPKFY YETEY AVTOGRAPH RTPMYCH ABOUT WATCHUKH YUBUFSHPS RPMHPUFTPCH. With LPNBodfchbm "Chbkezbüng", "FBKNCTPN" TSA LPNBodfchbm Wobyubmbam Nbffeyeo. LFP Wicksm Ukhdb MedplanpmShPP FIRB. YDES YI UPULPSMB H FPN, IFPWSCH Honey OE MPNBM Y OE DBCHYM YI. rPFPNH Sing PVMBDBMY YUTECHSCHYUBKOP UYMSHOSCHN LPTRHUPN J UTBCHOYFEMSHOP UMBVSCHNY NBYYOBNY, FBL LBL ZMBCHOSCHK CHPRTPU B DBOOPN UMHYUBE, FP - VPMSHYPK TBDYHU DEKUFCHYS, B MEDPLPMSHOPZP FYRB UHDB HYUYFSCHCHBAF FH YDEA HDBTPCH J UTSBFYS MSHDB. FBLPN PVTBPN ChP ChPTPK RPmpchyoye 1909 SPDB Nwby Hyuy about DBMShoyk Chpufple yutykulike KhPTE YODKULYK PLAKO CHUREKON 1910 SPDB RTYVSKMY MP Cumbdychpufpl. FBL LBL NShch RTYYMY PE chMBDYChPUFPL HTSE RPDOP, OP ZMBCHOSCHN ZYDTPZTBZHYYUEULYN HRTBCHMEOYEN VSCHMB RPUFBCHMEOB OPL BDBYUB RTPKFY B FPN ZPDH vETYOZPCh RTPMYCH J PVUMEDPCHBFSH TBKPO FPZP RTPMYCHB, YNES PUOPCHOSCHN RHOLFPN LCA UYAENPL J VPMSHYYI BUFTPOPNYYUEULYI OBVMADEOYK NSCHU dETsOECh, J BFEN CHETOHFSHUS PVTBFOP PE chMBDYChPUFPL ON YNPCHLH, B h Uplehaen CPDX Yaffi DBMSh. Nwby Khymb Ya Chshchpufplan bvschpmumy BFH BDBDBU. Kvkzy bb vehicles of RTPMYCH RP Obtbchmeoya l Nushchu deudeshb.
bLLYUDIGHYS LURBTHDFCHBOB IPTPPE PVPTHDPCHBOB DMSA LFP GEMB, H Pupveoophufi "Chbkzbu", LPFTSCK VSSP PVPTHDPCHBO UZEGIBMSHOP DMS LBTFPZTBZHYOULYY TBVPF. with zambhchkin PVTBPN TBVPFBM RP Plebopztbzhyyy Zydtpmpsy. Pueoshby Nschchmiusush ChP ChumbdypuflPl about the Nyatfchlh y DMS Tenpofb, at Hairdryer, Yufpvysch MFPN RPPTBOCH DCHIKHFSHUS ON THE RTPDPMCSBFS UYUFENBFYUEULCH TBVPFH. RTYVSHSFYY PE CBD & PPPFL with RPMKHUM FEMEZTBNCH PF FPZP TSA ChPESPDULPZP, VSP NPTULN NYAYUFTPN, NPTUBMSHOILB NPTULPZP Zeetbmspzp ФБВБЛ ЛО. MYCHEO. Myaco-Vishtbmshoplpn ZeetbmSHPPP of the RFBVB RPUM VTKUYMPCH, OEUNPFTS on Oeneglpe RTPYUPCEDUYEYE, VSS NEFTB, RTpfychyulpn Oenghech. h ichfi femezetbnnbi Myceo Chpspdulike RTPUMY NEOS RTEYBFSH H RTFPZTBD M RTPDPMCBFS NPU TBVPFH h NPTULPN Zeetbmshopn YFBVE DMS Ulptesezp RTPCedeeys Uchdputpymshopk RTPZTBNNCH. TEYOPE FICHMP PE SFBM RTPYCHPDYFSH IFH RTPTBNH th RTYUFHRIFSH L RPUFTPKLE SHDCHCH. RPUME OELPFTPPPP LPMEvbois, with DBM Claims Upbuye about ChPCTBEYEYEY.
h 1910 CPDX with Pufbchim Bl Upliggya Chetokhmus. x Neos PRSFS scumbush ruddjdb, yufp, NPCCF VSSFS, Hdbufus Demp Obtbchichyfsh. RPPPNH with Chetokhmus H NPTULPK ZeetbmShobrkvkchoschoschoschoschoshkuo on FP Tse Bezvychbaezp VSBMFykuhbwehn FEBTPN. Neos CHEECH BFP TTELES BBNEBM NPK RPNPEOYL, y with RTyosm Demp RPUFY H RTCYENT UPULPSUY, FBL LB BBB CETSP NPEZP RPMHZPDPCP PFUHFUFCHES FBN Oyuzp OE DEMBMPUSH. With RTyvshm H ReftpzTBD Reynpk 1910 PFDB PUFBCHBMUS FBN 1911 DP DP Cheress 1912 SPDB. h Yfbva with zambhchkin PVTBIPN TBVPFBM OBD DEFBMSNY UMDPUFTPEFEMSHOPK RTPZTBNNCH I TEBMYBGYEK, HUFBOPCHLPK OPHPZP FIRB SHCHPCH CHPPVEE CEDBM SECEK RPDZPFCHLPK ZHPFB L CHFSKY. RP PPK DPMTSOPUFY with Oprifdimus h Pugeos Feweopk Acquisition at BDNTBMN BDBDKHEESP VBMFIKULIN ZHPFPN, FBL LLB RTYPDIMPush RPUFPSOPOPSHOPSPH FFDB. RTyipdimmpush RTyoynbfs Hubufye h Nbuduchtby, Tbounboftichbfs ombdboy DMS Nyoetpch F. D. Flendine Pvtbypn, with Oprifdimus h Feeopk Acquisition at VBMFIKULIN ZHPFPN. FB DPMCOPUFSH, LPFPTBS H Uhprkhfopn Chadpnuffs Opuphus Commmiring Lchbthtenecufthem, ChP Zhmpfa Opuphus Commmiring Zamm-Lburifbob RP Pretgfyopk YMY IPUSKUFCEOPK YUBUFY. FBLNE ZHMBZ-LBRYFBOPN RP Pretgfychopk Yubufi H Yfbwe BDNTBMB BMEOB VSSHBBE BMSFZHBFET, at LPFPTCHN with Oprifdimus RPUFPSOPS HTCHN About TBVPF RP RPDZPFFCHL ZHPFB L CHFSE. H 1912 CPDK BDNTBM BJUEO OBBCHEM, YUFP according to the IPTEM VSS, IFPVCH with the RPUFHRYM h Dekfchhaeik ZHPF. Neos UBBNPsP Pugeos Fszpfymp RTEVSchkoye about vests, with Yukchufchpchbm Nove Hufbmshn,
Yeh's Ipfechpush PFDPOOHF HT PVSSHUPK UFTPECK smart, Zeju Tset Vushp Mesuy. with the PFP PFLTPCHOP Nabeschim, YuFP Zambchhoha Lambdbuh with HRCPMUM, YUFP DEMP UFP FERTSH PUFBEFUS FPMSLP UFFIFSFS FAYYUYUELE, IFPVISCH OBMBCETOPE DEMP DMP DBMSHEY. RPUMEDEYE, YUFP with UFP with UFP Hubufye h TBTBVPFLA Defbmek IDFPF FIRB PDTPNEKHTO FIRB - FIRB "LEINTHTO", OP POD POST PREDBMY. H 1912 CPDH with Hymey Yaj NPTulpzp Zeetbmspzp Yfbvb in Rpufhrim H Nyoovah Dychyja LPNBoditepn Blbdteoopzp Nyopopopb "Huhteg". With LPNBodfchbm "Huhtekgen" of the CPD, Obbfen Vskch MIvbche, Zea Linchek BBB Nyopk Dychyji. UPD BDNTBM Yueuo in RTYMBUM NEOS LSSFS ZHMBZ-LBRYFBOPN RP Pretgfychopk Yubufi X Ozep h Yfbva. RTY BDNTBME BDUEO, LPFTSCHK Detstsbm Wambi Stake on VTPEOPUOPN LTEKU TATLYL, UPULPSM H OZP TBRUPTSEOPY PDY YEY MHYUYYI BLBDTEOPEOPHEYL. According to the UserputoFeeopope OUTFPP HUEEOB, LPFPTSCHK about OEN Yipdim RPUFPSOPP RP VBMFIKULPNH NPTA. C, VHDHYU ZHMBZ-LBRYFBOPN H YFBVE BUEOB, H FP Tseta Vetsm Lfbodytpn "RPPZTBYUYULB". BDNTBM BWUEO ChuE LFP ChTelz Vushm FP x Neos about RPPZTBYUOOL, FP about Tatil. h LFPK DPMTSOPUFY LPNBoditeB "RPZTBYUBYUBYLB" with Pufbchbmus CPD, h DPMTSOPUFY TSA ZHMBZ-LBRYFBBOV PUFBCHBMUS ON THE CHA.
hFPN CPDX Chu RTyjobli ChPEOP-RPMYFYYYUULPK BFNPUTZHSHSHSHSHSUBKOP UZHUFYMYUS. DMS Seli Lush Vyodobysh Vampuch Chip. BDNTBMB BMEOB Jutechcheubkop Obvpjamb KuhemeOobs RPDZPFPCHLB UP UFHPTPCHP. According to Chui Dhhh ChlumbdshchchBM DMS RPDZPFCHLY ZHPFB L CPR-PLATFCHYK, LPFPTBS Uhyeufchpchbmb about UKHYUBK TBTESTCB in Zetnobek. about RPPZTBYUOYOILE with PUFBCHBMUS CPD. BFEN YUTECHSCHYUBKOP UETSHEOSCHE J ZTPOSCHE RTYOBLY, LPFPTSCHE CHPOYLMY CHEUOPK 1914 ZPDB PFOPUYFEMSHOP CHPKOSCH, BUFBCHYMY BDNYTBMB UUEOB RTYLBBFSH HOE UDBFSH "rPZTBOYYuOYL" J RETEKFY B EZP OERPUTEDUFCHEOOSCHK YFBV ON "tATYL".
oEUNPTY ON FP, SUFP SHEUPS CHEUBBER OBUMBMM CHRACT SHMBL LEF NEA, VMBZPDBTS Defemshopufi ChPBPDLPZP NSH LSHF OE Wicksm SPFschchchchum Khsphpmuyuyu Ooooopk RTPZTBNNCH. LFB RTPZTBNNB, Obühobs at Uchputpymshopk, at the LPFTPK VSSP CHECK PUTBMSHOPE, VSBBBBBBBSBBBSBBSBBSBBBSBSBSBSBF. YuFP LBUBEFUS DTHZYY RTYYUYO Kbabdtsli h Khsphpmuyiy LFP RTPPZTBNNCH, FP Rpinsnp Madek FBLYY RTYYUYO LSHP NPOPP. rTYYuYOPK FPZP VSCHMB RTETSDE CHUEZP UBNBS PTZBOYBGYS NPTULPZP NYOYUFETUFCHB J ZMBCHOSCHN PVTBPN EZP FEIOYYUEULYI PFDEMPCH, Wu YEE UFTBYOPK LBOGEMSTEYOPK J CHPMPLYFPK B UOPYEOYSI have BCHPDBNY, I HFCHETTSDEOYEN YUETFETSEK, I TBTEYEOYEN CHUECHPNPTSOSCHI CHPRTPUPCH, UCHSBOOSCHI have UHDPUFTPEOYEN. Chuye LFP UFBOPP PTFBCMPUCH About Deme. Flendine Pvtbypn, PDOPK YUK RTYYUO SCMSMUS FBLTER WATPLTBFYN, VISCHYK CH O'FI HYUTEYSDEYASI. LFP LSSHP HCBOPE is unfortunate, in LPFPTSCHN ZeetbmShoshchkchkchkm VFBB RShFBMCS Chehufi Weschvch, Op Fafeop.
bMLuechulike.rPNIPSFEM, Metzbayei S. Yambiyuyuyuulpn Ibtlbeth Hytecdeoyuk NPTULPZP CEDPNUFCHB, I RPPNPH PPK Desfemshopufy ChPechpdulpzp, OE LSHP ME OBNETEEOPZP KBBETSYCHES. Khsphpmuyuyu ichpc RTPZTBNNCH?
lDMyb.lPEYUOP, FBLYE TBZPCHPTSCHTCH, OP, Jlklfyueli LFP FTHDOP LSSP DPLBBFSH. h NPTULPK TREDE LBP Lbbmpush RPDPTFEFEMCHOSKN, PV LFPN Zpchptimy, OP Lhmfiyulye Dplbbfs LFP Tschpptp. PV Ifpn Th tbzpchptchch h Lbafe-LPNRBYSI, OP PZHIGYBMSHOP ULBBFSH PV LFPN with ObftHdomaous. LA FPHH TSA RUDP YNFSH CHIDKH, YUFP IFP PVEEE ISPECTECCHP CHRPTHETSEOPK UKHPECT, H FPN YUYME I SFTPECPZPZP ZHPFB, - PVCHYOSFSFS FSTM PS Schue Zteibi, LPFPTCHSKU Ocherputdufteopop PTTBCBAFUS ON SFTPECTPK YUBUFY. RETAPOBMSHOP IF TBZPCHPCHPTSHTPYUCHBMYUSH. fBLYN PVTBPN, RETYPD 1914 ZPDB, I OBYUBMB CHEUOSCH, B VBMFYKULPN zhMPFE RTPYEM HUYMEOOPK TBVPFE W, W ULPTEKYEN HFCHETTSDEOYY RTPZTBNN UFTEMSHVSCH, RPDZPFPCHLY NYOOSCHI HYUEOYK Q FD, FBL LBL CHPKOB LBBMBUSH Chueh VPMEE J VPMEE RTYVMYTSBAEEKUS. Retad Rebnichn Obusubpn Chagesch with a VCHM about PFTSD RPDCHPDPPP RMBChube H VBMFykulpn Zhmpfa. VKHYUY ZHMBZ-LBRYFBOPN, with the Education Yubuphp YourellfightPCBFSP RP ISPECTS DPMTSOPUFE H VBMFIKULPN RPTFH. BFEN NEOS UPCHETYEOOP UTPYUOP RPFTEVPCHBM UUEO tEChEMSh B (FP VSCHMP RTYNETOP 16 YAMS RFP) zde Software BSCHYM, YUFP TBTSCHCH have zETNBOYEK J bChUFTYEK RPYUFY OENYOHEN, J YUFP ECPAT ZPFPCHYFSHUS A CHSCHRPMOEOYA FPZP RMBOB, LPFPTSCHK NShch CHSCHTBVPFBMY. LFPF RMBO WBTPCHBMUS on FPN, IFPVSchch h VovaVPMEE HLPK Yubuhuj Zhivespzp Obmichb, Nemesty Rbtlbumbhdpn y Obtzopn, Church Bumbchyfs Uymsope Nyoopey RPME, LPFTPA BEEBMPush VSMYOZHNY UMBNY ZHPFB.
chSchTBVPFBOOSchE BDBOYS, LPFPTSCHE zhMPF YNEM, BLMAYUBMYUSH B RETCHPE CHTENS FPMSHLP B PDOPN - PVEUREYUYFSH CHPUFPYUOHA YUBUFSH zhYOULPZP BMYCHB PF RTPOYLOPCHEOYS FHDB OERTYSFEMSHULYI UHDPCH B RETYPD OBYEK NPVYMYBGYY, YUFPVSCH OERTYSFEMSH OE refinery RPNEYBFSH FPNH HZTPPK CHSCHUBDLY FSCHM H, Q FD FP VSCHMB BDBYUB, RPUFBCHEOBS ZPFH. h Pweii Yutfby RMBO CHUUSHCHADIMUS L FPH, IFPVCHMUS LEFTH NEFZOPN RBTLBBLCDPN Y Obtzopn Uymshope Nyoop RPME BBEEEBFS, NBECHTHTHS Белемирой вимминь ЖФФБ.
nYOOSchE CE J RPDCHPDOSCHE MPDLY DPMTSOSCH VSCHMY UFBTBFSHUS, EUMY OERTYSFEMSH CHPKDEF B zhYOULYK BMYCH, RPMSHHSUSH VBMFYKULYN RMBGDBTNPN, RTPYCHPDYFSH BFBLY, OBRBDBFSH ON RTPFYCHOYLB J NEYBFSH EZP PRETBGYSN, FBL LBL, LPOEYUOP, UYMSCH vBMFYKULPZP zhMPFB, VSCHCHYYE FPZDB, LPOLHTYTPCHBFSH have ZETNBOULYN zhMPFPN OE NPZMY.
rPUME FYI TBZPCHPTPCH OHTSOP VSCHMP OENEDMEOOP UPUFBCHYFSH YOUFTHLGYY, UPUFBCHYFSH TBURPTSTSEOYS, UYZOBMSCH, FBL LBL, IPMF J OE VSCHMP of the ECE PLPOYUBFEMSHOPZP TBTSCHCHB, Chui-FBLY ECPAT VSCHMP UDEMBFSH TEYYFEMSHOP Chui, YUFPVSCH OE FETSFSH OH PDOPZP YUBUB, LPZDB OHTSOP VHDEF CHSCHUFBCHYFSH NYOOSCHE BZTBTSDEOYS, UPUFBCHYFSH PUPVSCHK PFTSD Nyooochi Obbztbdymk, - PDoin Uphpchpn, RTyceufi Chue H H Flp Upufpsoye, Üfpvsch ChuSPMP VSSFS KhsphpMOP RP Retchpn Uzobmh. Academician, RPMKHYUBCHYUS OUT HOW CIRTHEYE YUBUCH, Chuhe NEME NEME NOVEBMY BFH PFLTSFYS CPPEOPY DECUFCHYK. h Yubufopufuy about Tatil, H Rfbva Size of Jumps, Vushch ZTPNBDUSCHK Rapdyen, Y Yuchaufye P Chipstick Chufteueuop from Ztpnobdnoshn yofhebjunpn th TBDPUFSHA. Pzhygetschi LPNBodshchi Chuu from ChpufPTPN TBVPFBMY, CHPPVEE Obubmps of Chagesch Lushpm Padina Yuj Upnashi WuBufmichschi Mhyuyi Dake Npek Umkhtsvishch. Flendine Pvtbjpn Pvufbopchlb Ulmbdshchebmbush UBNBS Wetsheks: TBBETSHCH at Bchuft Zhljlfyueli Hto RTpypyya. In Zetnobek, LB BJSCUUFOP, in RTPJEY RPPE. bDNYTBM UUEO CHPMOPCHBMUM J HLBSCHCHBM, YUFP Chueh LPOYUYFUS DRYER, YUFP ZETNBOULYK zhMPF RTPTCHEFUS B zhYOULYK BMYCH, FBL LBL CHSCHUMBOOSCHE B NPTE LTEKUETB, LPOEYUOP, OE HDETTSBF EZP, TH, DE CHSCHUFBCHYCH NYOOSCHI BZTBTSDEOYK, NShch ESPC BDETTSBFSH EZP FPMSHLP ON OEULPMSHLP milkings. LFP PWUFPSFEMCHUFCP EZP CEFTBOOP CHSPMOPCHBMP, J H PDOKHPTYM PVPL on the BCPCPTM PV FPN UP NOPK. With Ulbbm, YuFP RTDP RTYOSFS Toyeoye Ufbchichyfs Nyoopey RPME, LBPChsch Side Rushchy Rpumdufshis, FBL LB TBBETSHCH Sueo. OBDP CHSFSH OVS RPUFBCHLH RPMS, FBL LB LLBLFYYUELE CHUSLYA UPHYAYS HTZ VTTCHBBBBS. BDNTBM BUUEO COMMUNICATIONS UPN. Nwby Rtlevschmy about Tatyl th Up Chuhen Zhmpfpn Khyschchi L Ottzeokh. Lushkpture TEYOPA in Tboukfpn Obuisobfs RPUFBCHLH RPMS, OE Ptsydbs Rtlebobyus Ya Rifpztbdb. Chus Pttyzhis UPUFPSMB h FPN, UFP X RBTLBBLCFB VSBBSTPFUEO PFTSD BBZTBDYFEK at 6.000 Nyo. Singwicks about RTPFJPRPMPSPN Vetzh Zhylpzp Obmichb, B LMPF, LPFTSCHK RTYLTSCHCHBM BBZTBDIFEK, Upugadfpüimus x Pufflock Obtzob. RP RMBC, ZHPF DPMTSEO VSBBFSHUS, BBZTBDYFEM, TBCDS, BBZTBDIFEMY, CHHKDS ONN, HE DCHB RTEENB DPMTSKE VSHMY RPUFBCHIFSH 8 Mioyak Obbztboxdais, RPUME SUZPE SPDYMY CHAYTSH, W SHIPF CHPCTBEBMUS H Tchechesh. Nwby Teyamy Ufbchyfs RPME, Chuhe TBCHOP OE Ptsydbs Rtlebobyus Ya Reftpztbdb. OP LBT TB H NPNEFOF, LPDB RPDOSMY SVIZOBM; "OBYUBFSH RPUFBOPCHLH BZTBTSDEOYK" LPZDB RPLBBMBUSH DSCHNSCH BZTBDYFEMEK, J zhMPF UOSMUS J CHSCHYEM B NPTE ON YEE RTYLTSCHFYE, B FPF UBNSCHK NPNEOF NShch RPMHYUYMY TBDYP, HUMPCHOHA FEMEZTBNNH dv NPTULPZP YFBVB "nPMOYS" - "uFBChShFE NYOOSCHE BZTBTSDEOYS". Flendine Pvtbjpn, LFP Chistzyp Yutechshcheubkop HDBYUP. Yuete Oleulpmshlp YUBUPCH VSBMK RPMKHYEOB Femeztbnnb at Pvaschmeyen Chagesch.
retacking DCHB NEUSGB CHRACT with PUFBCHBMUS H Dmzopufy ZHMBZ-LBRYFBB. Chuu LFP TTELES with TBVFFBM OBD SelfiepnPsoshkin Rumbbery Chusline Pretgfechkin Obbdweesny, RTY Youen Ufbtbmus, ZDI LFP LSSP ChPNPCOP, Ocherputdufteopope Hubufchpchbfshch Chchsphenyuy. RPPPNH with RPUFPSOPSOPPEP Repexts about FS YMY YOHA YBUFSH ZHPFB, LPFPTBS CHRACPOSMUMB TBMYOSE OBBDBUS, HFTERSEKOSE, LPOOYUP, BDNTTBMN BUUEOPN, OP TBTBBBSP NOP. RTpfychoyl PLBBMUS, RTpfych Chbyyi Ptsydobyk, Oblf-chosen. Nwby Uyufbmi, YuFP Tsyoya ONN PUFBMPUSP ONNOPP, YUFP EMUY in RTydef at Dpufbfyoshknei Umbni, FP, Oeunpfts on the Baztchbqdais, according to the Uchnef RTPTCHBFSH, Yi Yiyüfpsyfsh. J. Ohpn Umkhyuby Rpszooye VBMFIKULPZP ZHPFB Lushmp Vüchtechshcheubkop Fsztschin. DEDOKHFSHSH HOUSE UEE OE WILLY SPFPCHESCH (SPMSHLP PUEOSHA OBUMUM HEATING HOME). X Schu Vushy FPMSLP "Tatyl" th "Bodtek Retchpachk". Chuu Uymovyushubmüsuch h Nyuoochi Uchdbami, FBL LLB Radcoft MPDLY FBLDCE EEE OE VSHMSK SPFPCHESK, NUM SPMSLP OEULPMSHLP UFBTSHI, IPFS Chus RTPZTBNNB LSKB H IPDX. MPDLY Chufhreym MPDLY Chufhreym Hze Lbnurboa Hzze ChP ChTelz Chagesch, th about Dedechfby Retchp Ketnez RMBCMP RP 300 - 400 TBVPJUY in Zhtblap-Thuulprpzp Bchpdb.
chueh CHSCHIPDSCH B NPTE, LPFPTSCHE DEMBM RTPFYCHOYL, PLBSCHCHBMYUSH, RTPFYCH CHUSLYI PTSYDBOYK, YUTECHSCHYUBKOP RBUUYCHOSCHNY, FBL LBL, RPCHYDYNPNH, OENGSCH VSCHMY PFCHMEYUEOSCH BOZMYKULYN zhMPFPN B oENEGLPN NPTE J PZTBOYYUYCHBMYUSH FPMSHLP UMBVSCHN OBVMADEOYEN B OBNY. FP DBCHBMP OPL CHPNPTSOPUFSH RTPDCHYOHFSHUS DBMSHYE, J RPUFEREOOP NShch RPMHYUYMY CHPNPTSOPUFSH OE FPMSHLP BEYEBFSH zhYOULYK BMYCH, OP RETEOEUFY OBYH DESFEMSHOPUFSH DBMSHYE, DP tYTsULPZP BMYCHB, RTYLTSCHCHBFSH PBN CHIPD J TBCHYFSH OBYH DESFEMSHOPUFSH B vPFOYYuEULPN BMYCHE ON BVP, UTEDY YIET, LPFPTSCHE RP RETCHPOBYUBMSHOPNH RMBOH, LBL VSS PFDBCHBMYUS OENGBN. fHF PLBBMPUSH, YUFP NShch YNEEN CHPNPTSOPUFSH RTPDCHYOHFSHUS DBMSHYE ON BRBD, YUFP OENGSCH FPMSHLP OE OE RTEDRTYOYNBAF OYYUEZP, OP CHEDHF UEVS PYUEOSH RBUUYCHOP, PZTBOYYUYCHBSUSH UFTEMSHVPK RP NBSLBN J TEDLYNY DENPOUFTBFYCHOSCHNY DEKUFCHYSNY LTEKUETPCH J NYOPOPUGECH X VETEZPCH. FPDB, at the shirts of Retekfi, Nwby Teyamy Retekfi l NMUE BLFIKHOSHN DECUFCHYSN HUMP CHRISCHPDB HPTE CHRBBDEYS ON RTPFYCHYLB H PFLTSCHPN NPTA. DMSA LFP GEMY HPTE KHUTHPDYMB OEULPMSLP LTELCPH, ONNY KHUEUO OBN. OPP OE DBCHBMP Oyuzp, th pvshchopopopop, Oilpzp OE Chufteyubum. FPMSLP PDYO TB Chuftefimy lyrately, LPFTSCHK KHYE PF Schdhyu, Vhdhyu all-round trip.
fpptb Nwby Teymey Retekfi L Pretgzhysn in Nyobnya bztbqdajd HTCH H Chpdby UBNPZP RTpfychylb, ObuBFSP OBBTBCDBFSH EZP CHEFT HO ZHBTCHBFETY YFIN UFUEOSFS EZP. LFB desfemshrpuffs Obubmbush at the RPUFBCHL GEMPHPSP TSDB Obbztboxdeoyk x Zetnboley Svetzpch, ChDPMSH RPVETSSSSP VPTPs. LFP Lushmpn Khshchpmopophet PFTSDPN LTFPCH, h Yuuma LPFPTCH, LPFPTP SFN VSSHM MYYUP, LPFTPN RTPTBMUS BBB VTLOZPMSHN RT PPTEY DP LbTLPMY, Zea RPUFBCHYM Obbztboxdais LBD. CHUUUPK 1916 Z. with RTPUM BUEOB DBFSHOPH NEA PDOHPUFUFSFEMSHO Pretggya - Baztbdıfsh Dbogyzulha VKHIFH I RPUFBCHIFSFF FBN X Chipdb NyOobzdboxdais. With CHSM 4 MHYUYYI, NYopopugg Fyrb "RPZTBYUKUYLB", Chovetoop Chufhreim H LPNBodfchika, Nyosobn Pftsdpn Khsphpmum Badbuh. Zambkchopk FTHDOPUFFACH LSHP UTTHSHCHSHSHCHSUBKOP UHTPCHP CHAVES ZPDB, - hh, Sochwht FBN Vushchbf NBUUB MSDB, - OP X ESO LPE-LBPK Watch Unemus. PVIDP SHSKPSHBFSHUS YEKETS, RTPVTBFSUS Yuete Honey h RTPTBFSHUS L Dbogyzulpk Vhifa. LFB BLLYUDIGHYS KHCHOYUBMBUSH HURIPN DBMB RPMPMFEMCHOBE TEACHMSHMSFBFSH HOW MOVEMUM RPLTSCHB OEULPMSLYY OEHEGLBY SWRAH. Flendine Pvtbjpn, with RTPDPMCSBM studio desfemshopushch h Lbuewood ZHMBZ-LBRYFBB, Hubufchhs Rapufy Ch Seli RTedtrthisi. RTY BBZTBCDEYY ISBCHCH with VCCH about PFTSD Nyopophughch th ChPPVEE RPLBSBM, YuFP, CHISTBFSHKSBS LBPK-OIVHDSHR RMBO, RTYUHFUFCHPCHBFSH PPT OURPUTUFCEOPN Khschchpmois. bDNYTBM UUEO TBDEMSM PPA FPYULH TEOYS, J RPFPNH With RTPCHPDYM Chueh CHTENS, HYUBUFCHHS PFDEMSHOSCHI LUREDYGYSI W, W PFDEMSHOSCHI RTEDRTYSFYSI, VPECHSCHI UFPMLOPCHEOYSI, W B RTPNETSHFLBI TBVPFBM ON "tATYLE" ZHMBZNBOULPN LPTBVME, YMY CHSCHIPDYM have UUEOPN. pUEOShA 1915 ZPDB BDNYTBM fTHIBYuECh, LPNBODPCHBCHYYK NYOOPK DYCHYYEK, LPFPTBS H FP CHTENS VSCHMB CHSCHDCHYOHFB H tYTsULYK BMYCH J BEYEBMB EZP (FPMSHLP RETED FYN VSCHM RPUREYOP MYLCHYDYTPCHBO RTPTSCHCH OENGECH FPF BMYCH H), PE CHTENS UCHETSEK RPZPDSCH, CHSCHCHYIOHCH OPZH, BVPMEM. PVIDP LSSP LPDBDYTB Nyopk Dychyji. BDNTBM BLUEO RTeadPzima Knetoop Chufhrich h Lfp Lfbodfchoe. LFP WURN HUMBER UEOOFSVTS.
l ipnh clerk nepotpphpyum h Tytsulpn yabmich oelpfptche Schdb, FBL YUFP FBN PVTBHPCHBMBUS GEMBS Pfdemshobs STRRB at MioCoschn LPTBVEN "UMBCB"; FBN Vushchy FBBZTBDYFEMY, Radcoft MPDLY, Ftbourptfshch, Chuzp h PVEEE Umptsophufy, LTPNa Nyopopuhugon, DP 50 Cleanmark. L ipnh tetheoy oengish rtpychei chspjkdlh about the Azopn veterans Tytsulpzp КНБМййчб y xtptsbmi ocerufucheoscent Dekufshysny Tyze. Yi RPJYGY RPDPYY L Tytsulpnh Yoftbodh vchechy Odbmelp PF Lennetob. RTerppzbmbush Yi Weshibs Pretm about Timh. h LFPF NPNEFOPH with VSchvobuyo LPNBodPCHBFS Nyopk Dychyjeki Chuez Uymball H Tytsulpn Obmich about Khnets NTWE BDNTBM FTHibyhechb. With Pfartbchimus H Tytsulike Obmich Chufhrym H LPNBodfchoe Dychyjek. h Rfuchet Tseta with TBTBVPFBM RMBO Pretggy RTpfych Olenghechy Yi Skopzp Zhmbozb, Obihydsesezpus on the Azopne veterans Tytsulpzp Obmichb, RPD TYZPK. RTecede Chuzp, with RT PTPEY H TйSh, Yufpvysch Rpchydbfsus at LPNBodhaeine 12 Bnet TBDLP-DNJSHCHN, UFPVCH UPPCHPTYFSHUS PFPUIFEMSHOP PVEEZP RBBOB EggsFeschik about Skamban Zambos Oeneglpk Bnety. Humpchyachyushu in Oyn Pfopufemshop LFPSP th TBTBVPFBCH DEFBM, with Chethhmus Putbfop Y Tjezh, hp approxim, Zea Linchem Supplement
Lucky Nyopk Dychyji. RFPP RFPP with a crunch of Az Tytsulpzp Obmichb. h LFP KTELES OBEUBMPUCHPUCHRUE ONEGECH, LPFPTESTE CHASMY LENNETO RPFEUOUYY LOW YUBUFY, CHEFBCHME RTPFYCH OIA. Obni VushbBTBVPBBB Supplies Pretm SMPF BTNY. FBN VushchMychchobchme for Spectacle of VBFBTE; PVIDP LSSP WISFSH YIY DECUFCHPHPFSH ONEGLYE CHTICLB, BOST LENNETO. LFB LBDBYUB CHRACTBER, CHRACTHRONE ABOUT TIZH PUFBOPCHMOP, YE DENGSHSHS VSHKHVIFSHNY YAY LENNETOB at ZTPNBDY Rapfets. WBFBTee Tse Yi Lush Rtychedezosh hpmyuba. Lfin Rebnshchn Pretggy Olenghech Vushy RTYPUFBOCHEME. NPSEF VSSFSH VKHDHEEN Sing Vushn Ji Chchspmumy, ChP Chp Churchlpn Umkhyube Sing Vicky about DPMZPA KATNES Kbabdytsk. ChP Khnets Vushch Vushch Hrify Lfbodite "Umbchech" ChSyenulike.
rPPMP NOPU LSSBS PRTBGYS, - with Chspjem Deutbife about Tytsulpe Rpvetsky, h FShm Oengbn. rTBChDB, EZP RTYYMPUSH VSCHUFTP UOSFSH, FBL LBL software VSCHM OEOBYUYFEMEO, OP PE CHUSLPN UMHYUBE IN RTYCHEM OENGECH B RBOYLH, FBL LBL Sing UPCHETYEOOP OE PTSYDBMY CHSCHUBDLY FYI UYM, RTY Yuen FYN DEUBOFPN VSCHM TBVYF OENEGLYK PFTSD, RTYLTSCHCHBCHYYK NEUFOPUFSH. BBI of the LFH TBVFFH with the VSS RTDUFBCHMEO TBDLP-DNJSCHN, LPFTPNH with Radyuyosmus, LLB Ufbtyenkh ChP Ktnez Pretggy, L Zeptzyulpnh LTEUFH I RPMHYUM OVTBDX chip. h FP Khnets with Vushm Lburifbop Retchpzp TBZBB (CH IFH DPHMCOFUFS with VSSP RTPYCEDEO H MIVBCH H 1915 Z.). DP OKSVTS NEUSGB - UEOOFSVTSH PLFSVTSH - with TBVFBM H Tytsulpn Obmich. L ipnh choleos BDNTBM FTHIBYUPCP Prtbchimus; Yenh Lushcm Uopchb RTedMptpecop Chufhrich h LPNBodfchoe Nyopk Dychyjek, y with Washchb Chetokhmus about Tatyl. BDNTBM BLUEO FPDDB HETS FREE ISPORT ZHMBZ ON RFTPRBCHMPCHL, ZED RPNEBMUS YI RFBV. with RTUFHRYM L TBVPFBN RP of Khschchpmooma RTPTBNNCH, B FBLTCE RTPDPMSBM OEUFY TBVPFH ZHMBZ-LBRYFBOB H RFBVE BLUEOB. h Lpoga Doblvts BDNTBMO FTHibyhechb LPNBodhaene Tyzbdpk LPBodkhaene Tyzbdpk Ltdkolpch, B Neos - Obushyjylpn Nyopk Dychyyyy LPNBodhaein Umbni H Tytsulpn Obmich.
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In March 5, 1917, the first issue of the Temporary Government Bulletin was repudged with the following decree of the Provisional Government to the Governing Senate: "The Interim Government decided to: establish the Supreme Investigation Commission to investigate the illegal actions of the former ministers, ministerial and other senior officials." On March 12, the following provision on the "Emergency Investigation Commission for investigating unlawful officials of former ministers, ministerial and other senior officials of both civilian and military and maritime agencies was published.
I. The Emergency Investigation Commission is established under the Minister of Justice, as a prosecutor general, to investigate the illegal officials of the former ministers, major and other senior officials as civil, so military and maritime departments and consists of a chairman who uses the rights of Comrade Minister of Justice, Two comrades of the chairman and four members appointed by orders of the Provisional Government.
The Commission consists of persons sent by the Minister of Justice for the production of investigative actions.
To participate in the office work of the Commission, it is provided to providing it with both officials of all agencies and individuals, with respect to the first - by agreement with their direct bosses and conservation of their permanent positions and salaries.
II. To fulfill the commission entrusted to the commission, individuals sent to the production of investigative actions are provided with all rights and they are all responsibilities belonging to investigators on the charters of criminal proceedings, a military-judicial and naval judicial, in compliance with the following rules:
1) the initiation of preliminary investigation, attracting as accused, as well as the production of inspection and recesses of postal and telegraph correspondence are manufactured from the knowledge and agreement of the Emergency Investigation Commission.
2) Faces that produce investigations have the right to demand personal appearance for interrogation of all persons meaning in the note to Art. 65 mouth. angle. court.
III. The Emergency Investigation Commission belongs to the right to give suggestions to persons producing investigative actions, and continuous monitoring of such actions.
IV. Acts of the final investigation Commission presents with its written on the further direction of the case by the prosecutor general, for the report to the temporary government.
The situation was signed by the Minister of Chairman of Prince Lvov, fastened by the Minister of Justice A. Kerensky and dated March 11, 1917. ("Temporary Government Herald", March 12, 1917, No. 7.)
Subsequently, this provision on the Emergency Investigation Commission was complemented by the following decree declared in the provisional government declaration by the Governing Senate of May 27.
III. The Emergency Investigation Commission is granted the right to investigate criminal acts committed to the persons listed in the Department. 1 of this position, at least during their commitment, these and did not consist in the specified 1 posts or in general in service, as well as other criminal acts committed by official and private individuals, if the Commission recognizes that these criminal acts have a close relationship with the Acts to be investigated by the Commission, according to the Department. one.
IV. The Commission consists of a person appointed by the Minister of Justice to observe the production of preliminary investigation. These individuals are used in the charter of criminal proceedings by the rights of persons of the prosecutor's supervision, observing the consequences, with the exception of the right to offer the production of investigative actions.
That's all the rules that regulated the activities of the emergency commission. For completeness, it should be added that in view of the special and complex value of the activities of the former Police Department to help the emergency commission by the Secondary Government Resolution on June 15 (published in the "Herald", No. 88, of June 24) was established under the Ministry of Justice "Special Commission for Survey According to the instructions of the named Chief Chief of the Office, the activities of the former police department and the subordinate department of institutions (district, security departments, gendarmes and search points) for the time from 1905 to 1917.
It was decided (p. III): "To entrust this commission: a) a study of all cases related to political search and preserved in the archives of the Department of Police and the institutions subordinate to him; b) intercourements with executive committees and commissions working on places according to local archives, and in the absence of such work in the field, is the adoption of measures for the protection and development of local archives; c) appeal to obtain materials and information relating to political search to all government and public institutions; d) production of polling of the ranks of the Department of Police and Gendarme Supervision and Personal Areas of Relief, both in places of detention and those who are in freedom, and e) satisfying the requirements of government bodies and public institutions for references relating to political investigation.
(p. IV). Transfer the archives of the former police department to maintain the Minister of Justice, and the management of the archive is to be entrusted, on the basis of the applied temporary state, until the end of the work of the work of the Extraordinary and Special Commissions, to a special commission for examining the activities of the former police department, to allow the specified archive to provide the specified archive all the surviving archives and office work by the former police department of institutions (district security departments, gendarmes and search points).
(V). Provide the Minister of Justice to publish the commission for the commission to survey the activities of the former police department and determine the final term of the Commission.
(Vi). Authorized the title (separated V) of the head of the department to appoint the Chairman of the Commission to examine the activities of the former police department, with the introduction of it to the Emergency Investigation Commission over four members envisaged by the Regulations on this Commission. ("Coll. Uzak." 1917, Art. 363).
This "special commission" made two cases: Selected the affairs of the police department, which could give material for the emergency commission, and found out the composition of the secret agent of the search bodies of the Empire.
The famous Moscow sworn attorney was appointed Chairman of the Investigation Commission of the Provisional Government. N.K. Muravyov. The first composition of the Commission includes: Senator S.V. Ivanov, Senator (former prosecutor of St. Petersburg Judicial Chamber) S.V. Zavadsky (both were comrades of the Chair and amounted to the Presidium), the chief military prosecutor, appointed to this position by the Temporary Government, Gen.-Major V.A. Apushkin, Prosecutor of the Kharkiv Judicial Chamber B.N. Smithten, doctor of philosophy V.M. Zenzinov. The latter's stay in the commission was extremely short-lived (two or three weeks); S.V. Zavadsky left the commission on May 16, and V.A. Apushkin took up a specially military department. In April, the Commission included the prosecutor of the Moscow District Court L.P. Olyashev (for a short time, from April 20 to May 16), an indispensable secretary Russian Academy Sciences, Academician S.F. Oldenburg and Prosecutor of the Vilense Chamber of A.F. Romanov (worked until September 1). During the month, a member of the Commission consisted of Professor D.D. Grimm, replaced during the absence of S.F. Oldenburg. Finally, since the establishment of a special commission to investigate the activities of the Police Department, the Chairperson of the Special Commission P.E. entered the Emergency Commission Schegoles. Delegates from the Temporary Committee of the State Duma was F.I. Rodachev and from the Executive Committee of the Council of Workers and Soldiers Deputies - N.D. Sokolov.