LELYUSHENKO Dmitry Danilovich, (November 2, 1901, Novokuznetskiy farm, now Novokuznetsovka village, Zernogradskiy district of Rostov region - 07/20/1987, Moscow). Ukrainian. General of the Army (1959). Twice Hero Soviet Union (7.4.1940, 6.4.1945), Hero of Czechoslovakia (1970).
In the Red Army since 1919. Graduated from the Leningrad military-political school. F. Engels (1925), the cavalry school of the red commanders (1927), Military academy them. M.V. Frunze (1933), the Higher Military Academy. K.E. Voroshilova (1949). Participated in the Civil War at the beginning of 1918 in the partisan detachment of B. M. Dumenko-S. M. Budyonny, and then in the 21st cavalry regiment of the 4th cavalry division of the 1st Cavalry Army, Red Army soldier, junior commander. He fought against the troops of General K. K. Mamontov, A. G. Shkuro, P. N. Wrangel and the White Poles.
In the interwar period, after graduating from the military-political school in August 1925, D. D. Lelyushenko served in the 21st cavalry regiment of the 4th cavalry division: political instructor, etc. military commissar of a cavalry squadron, then a regimental school, a military commissar of a cavalry regiment. From May 1933 in the Moscow Military District: company commander, assistant chief of the 1st section of the staff of the 1st mechanized brigade; chief of the 1st section of the headquarters, then commander of the training tank battalion of the 13th mechanized brigade. Since January 1937, he was the head of the 1st department of the Office of the Chief of the Armored Troops of the Moscow Military District. Since June 1938, the commander of the 3rd separate light tank regiment of the Moscow Military District, since October 1939 - a tank brigade.
Participated in the campaign of the Red Army in Western Belarus (1939). In the Soviet-Finnish war 1939-1940. commanded the 39th separate tank brigade; for successful fighting brigades and the personal courage shown at the same time D. D. Lelyushenko was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union. Since 1940, commander of the 1st Proletarian Moscow Motorized Rifle Division. Since March 1941, D. D. Lelyushenko is the commander of the 21st Mechanized Corps of the Leningrad Military District.
At the beginning of World War II, from July 23, 1941, the corps under the command of Major General D. D. Lelyushenko became part of the North Western Front and took part in a border battle, fought heavy defensive battles in the area of \u200b\u200bDaugavpils, then withdrew in the Pskov and Novgorod directions. In August 1941, he was appointed deputy head of the Main Armored Directorate of the Red Army and head of the Directorate for Formation and Manning of the Armored Forces.
Since October, D. D. Lelyushenko participated in the battle near Moscow, commanding the 1st Guards Rifle Corps in the Oryol-Tula direction, the 5th Army in the Mozhaisk direction, from November - the 30th Army, participated in battles to defend the near approaches to capital, and then in a counteroffensive in the Dmitrov-Klin direction. During the Battle of Stalingrad, the commander of the 1st, then the 3rd Guards armies, which played an important role in the encirclement and destruction of the Nazi troops, and subsequently in the liberation of the Left-Bank Ukraine. Troops under the command of D. D. Lelyushenko especially distinguished themselves in the battles for Donbass, when crossing the Dnieper, liberating Zaporozhye and Nikopol.
In March 1944, he was appointed commander of the 4th Panzer Army (from March 1945 - the Guards), which took part in offensive operations to liberate the Right Bank and Western Ukraine. Troops of the 4th Panzer Army under the command of D. D. Lelyushenko, acting as part of the troops of the 1st Ukrainian Front until the end of the war, took part in the Proskurovsko-Chernivtsi, Lvov-Sandomierz, Sandomierz-Silesian, Lower Silesian, Upper Silesian, Berlin and Prague offensive operations. The second medal "Gold Star" was awarded to D. D. Lelyushenko for the successful command of the 4th Panzer Army in the defeat of the Kielce-Radom group of the enemy and in the forcing of the river. Oder (Odra) and the courage and courage shown at the same time.
After the war, D. D. Lelyushenko, the commander of the army, armored and mechanized troops of the GSVG, was the 1st deputy commander of the troops of the KVO. Since 1956, commander of the ZabVO troops, and since 1958, the Ural Military District. In 1960-1964. Chairman of the Central Committee of the USSR DOSAAF. Since 1964 he was a military inspector-adviser to the Group of Inspectors General of the USSR Ministry of Defense.
Awarded 5 Orders of Lenin, Order of the October Revolution, 4 Orders of the Red Banner, 2 Orders of Suvorov, 1st Class, 2 Orders of Kutuzov, 1st Class, Orders of Bogdan Khmelnitsky, 1st Class, Patriotic War, 1st Class, "For Service to the Motherland in the Armed Forces of the USSR" Zet., Medals, foreign orders, and Honorary weapons.
Dmitry Danilovich Lelyushenko was born on November 2, 1901 on the Novokuznetskiy farm, now s. Novokuznetsovka, Zernogradsky District, Rostov Region. There were seven children in the family of a poor nonresident peasant Daniil Ivanovich Lelyushenko, and Dmitry was the youngest. His grandfather was a blacksmith, his ancestors lived in the Zaporozhye Sich, and when it was liquidated, they fled to the Kuban and Don. At the age of 9, the boy had to start a working life: in the spring on plowing, and in the summer as an oiler on a steam thresher. Only in winter was it possible to study in a rural parish school, which Dmitry successfully graduated in 1912. From childhood, the future general remembered the words of his father and followed them all his life: "Do not succumb to temptations, do not get into dirty company. Avoid thieves, slobs and drunks They will ruin. Here are three commandments for you: honesty, work, knowledge of science, especially technology - for her the future. " Dmitry Danilovich himself became an example of hard work, courage, despised cowards, sycophants, saints, strove for knowledge. After the October Revolution of 1917, the Bolsheviks on the Don began to create detachments of the Red Guards and Red Partisans under the command of B.M. Dumenko, S.M. Budyonny, D.P. Zhloba. and others. In Ukraine, in the region of Lugansk, detachments are organized under the command of Voroshilov K.Ye. and Shchadenko E.A., who later became the nucleus of the 10th Red Army. In April 1919, Dmitry Lelyushenko voluntarily joined the 21st cavalry regiment of the 4th cavalry division of Budenny S.M., where he served until the end Civil War, first as an ordinary soldier, and then as a squad leader. He took part in the battles near Tsaritsyn, in the defeat of Mamontov and Shkuro near Voronezh, in the liberation of Rostov, in the defeat of the White Cossack cavalry near the village of Yegorlykskaya, in the crushing of the White Poles near Lvov and the elimination of Wrangel, in the destruction of Makhno's bands. In November 1919, the 1st Cavalry Army was created, the basis of which was the 4th, 6th and 11th cavalry divisions. It was headed by Commander S.M. Budyonny, members of the Revolutionary Military Council K.E. Voroshilov, E.A. Shchadenko. In 1923, in Petrograd, Dmitry Lelyushenko entered the Military-Political School named after V.I. F. Engels, after the successful completion of which, in 1925 he was appointed political leader of the machine-gun squadron. In 1927 he passed exams for full course 2nd Leningrad Cavalry Command School. In 1928 he was appointed commissar of the regimental school, then commissar of a separate cavalry squadron and for about a year was commissar of the 21st cavalry regiment. In 1929, Dmitry Danilovich passed the exams at the Military Academy. M.V. Frunze, with a competition of 10 people for one place. In 1933, having successfully graduated from the academy in the armored profile, he was appointed deputy chief of the operational department of the headquarters of the 1st mechanized brigade. But Lelyushenko believed that in the new branch of the army it was necessary to start service from scratch, so he asked to appoint him as the commander of a tank company. A year later, he was appointed head of the operational department of the 13th mechanized brigade of the 1st mechanized corps, and then the commander of a training tank battalion of the same brigade in Kaluga. Lelyushenko meets MN Tukhachevsky, this is how he himself writes about the Deputy People's Commissar of Defense: “According to the plan of the Deputy People's Commissar of Defense MN Tukhachevsky, many experimental exercises were carried out, up to the underwater crossing of rivers. depth of concept, clarity of formulation of educational questions. I learned a lot from Mikhail Nikolaevich. If during the Civil War I only heard flattering reviews about him as a talented, young, erudite red commander, now I received from him the tasks of conducting a very interesting and responsible exercises - combined crossing of a water barrier with tanks. This experience was useful to me during the Great Patriotic War. Extensive knowledge, exceptional correctness, charm of MN Tukhachevsky won over us - then still young commanders. " In 1937, Dmitry Danilovich was appointed head of the combat training department of the armored forces of the Moscow Military District, and in 1938 - the commander of the 3rd training tank regiment in Ryazan. Already in 1939, being the commander of the 39th Tank Brigade of the Reserve of the High Command, he and the brigade participated in the liberation of Western Belarus. For the successful completion of a combat mission, he was awarded the rank of colonel ahead of schedule. During the Soviet-Finnish war 1939-1940. for his participation in breaking through the first line of defense, Dmitry Danilovich was awarded the Order of the Red Banner, and for the successful hostilities of his tank brigade and his personal courage in April 1940, Colonel Lelyushenko was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union. In the fall of 1940 Lelyushenko D.D. took command of the 1st Moscow Proletarian Motorized Rifle Division. In the spring of 1941, Dmitry Danilovich was entrusted with the formation of the 21st Mechanized Corps. The commander of this corps, who had not yet completed the formation by the beginning of the war, did not receive the equipment and weapons assigned to him, brigade commander Lelyushenko D.D. and met the beginning of the Great Patriotic War. Despite this, the corps receives the task of holding the line along the Western Dvina River. German troops have already captured the city of Daugavpils. Lelyushenko's corps stubbornly counterattacked the enemy, but not always successfully. Enemy aviation dominated the air. Dmitry Danilovich again showed his personal courage and skill in commanding the troops. For successful operations on the Western Dvina, hundreds of mechanized corps soldiers were awarded government awards, and their commander was awarded the Order of the Red Banner. The corps under the command of D.D. Lelyushenko thwarted the plans of the Germans in terms of timing and seizing the lines in this direction. This gave some gain in time for the preparation of the defense of Leningrad. Later, Hitler's General Manstein, in connection with the delay at Daugavpils, admitted: "The goal - Leningrad - was moved away from us for the distant future."
In his book "Moscow - Stalingrad - Berlin - Prague" Lelyushenko wrote: "... My combat path in the Great Patriotic War began in the Baltic States, then - the battle for Moscow, the Battle of Stalingrad, the liberation of Donbass, the crossing of the Dnieper, the expulsion of the invaders from the Right Bank Ukraine , from Poland, the storming of Berlin, the liberation of Prague ... "In August 1941, DD Lelyushenko. was recalled to Moscow and appointed to the post of head of the department for the formation and recruitment of armored forces - deputy chief of the Main Armored Directorate of the Red Army (GABTU). In early October 1941, when the enemy broke through the defenses of the Bryansk Front and its mobile units rushed along the Orel-Tula highway, a mortal danger loomed over Tula. The Supreme Command headquarters urgently put forward the formed 1st Guards Rifle Corps to meet them. The commander of this corps was appointed General Lelyushenko D.D. Corps commander Lelyushenko was given a difficult task: it was necessary to hold back three full-blooded enemy tank corps with one of our own, and still not fully equipped, and not to let the enemy go beyond Mtsensk. Here General Lelyushenko D.D. meets Colonel M.E. Katukov, the future Marshal of the Armored Forces, who arrived at his disposal at the head of the 4th Armored Brigade. Dmitry Danilovich admonished his soldiers and commanders in this way: "If the enemy is superior, there are no counterattacks. Change the positions of tanks, defense lines more often, so covertly so that the enemy does not guess. ambushes, then counterattack. You dig deeper, tanks are not afraid when people are safely covered. " Nine days soldiers of the 1st Guards rifle corps fought heroically in the region of Mtsensk. Four times they occupied new lines, using mobile defenses, exhausting the enemy. At the fifth line - along the Zusha River, as ordered by the Supreme Command Headquarters, the enemy was stopped, and on October 11, with a decisive counterattack, the corps drove the Germans out of Mtsensk. So, the calculations of the Germans to quickly slip through to Tula, and then to Moscow, were thwarted. They are stuck in a maze of defense from strongholds and lines with the whole system artillery and tank ambushes. And then there was the daring counterattack of tankers on the flanks and rear. The Nazis suffered heavy losses here. By mid-October 1941, German troops posed a serious threat to Moscow from the west. General Lelyushenko received a new task: leading the troops of the 5th Army, operating near Mozhaisk, to repel the attacks of another enemy tank group. The formations of the 5th Army, restraining the onslaught of Hitler's troops, relied on the strengthening of the Mozhaisk line of defense, in the preparation of which not only the Red Army soldiers participated, but local collective farmers and workers of the capital's enterprises. Some villages changed hands several times. A fierce battle broke out in mid-October on the famous Borodino field, where in 1812 the Russian army gave battle to foreign invaders. Soviet soldiers fought to the death. Fascist tanks and armored personnel carriers were on fire. The surrounding villages were on fire. Shells exploded everywhere, the Germans intensified the onslaught. A group of their tanks broke through to the observation post of the commander of the 5th Army. General Lelyushenko, staff officers, dismantled rifles and bottles with a combustible mixture, took their places in the trenches. A fleeting fierce battle began, during which Dmitry Danilovich was seriously wounded. The unconscious army commander was evacuated to a hospital in Gorky. “When I regained consciousness, I heard,” he wrote in one of his books about this episode, “that the enemy did not pass through Borodino then. I was never so happy as at that moment ...” After leaving the hospital ahead of schedule, Leliushenko D.D. in the midst of battles in the Kalinin direction, he took over the command of the 30th Army, which was operating on the right wing of the Western Front. For more than two weeks, army troops under the leadership of "a squat, well-knocked down, shaven-headed, restless, indomitable-energetic, sometimes tough and hot-tempered", - as he wrote about him Chief Marshal armored forces Rotmistrov P.A., - General Lelyushenko D.D. selflessly defended every inch of the bridgehead southeast of the Ivankovskoye reservoir. Everyone fought - combat units, headquarters, rear, even lightly wounded soldiers. The army commander himself had several times, like a soldier, to participate in battles with the advancing fascists. As a result, General Lelyushenko D.D. managed to build the defense of the army in such a way that all the attacks of the fascists crashed on it, despite their numerical superiority. Soon fresh Siberian divisions arrived in the army, and General Lelyushenko D.D. began to prepare his troops for a counteroffensive. He received an order to break through the stretched German front between the Volga reservoir and Dmitrov, to advance in the general direction of the city of Klin. On the morning of December 6, 1941, the 30th Army, along with other units and formations of the Western Front, launched a counteroffensive. Until dawn, in hand-to-hand combat, the Siberians destroyed the enemy's outposts, and by evening the main forces of the association broke through the German defenses. On December 9, 1941, the army of General Lelyushenko, breaking the fierce resistance of the German fascist troops, cut railroad Moscow - Klin, and then, building on the success, together with units of the 1st Shock Army of General Kuznetsov V.I. blocked a large enemy grouping in the Klin area. And already on December 15, 1941, units and formations of the 30th Army liberated the city of Klin. In the battle on the fields of the Moscow region, General Leliushenko D.D. proved to be a military leader with a broad operational and tactical outlook, capable of leading troops in the most difficult situations. This extraordinary military skill was repeatedly confirmed in many operations that followed the defeat of the Germans near Moscow ... Stalingrad battle General Lelyushenko commanded the 1st Guards Army, which played a huge role in encircling the 6th fascist army of Field Marshal Paulus. In these battles, Dmitry Danilovich receives a second bullet wound. But the doctors' attempts to send the general to the rear hospital were in vain. He categorically refused to leave the army and continued to direct the hostilities. General Lelyushenko D.D. takes command of the 3rd Guards Army. Army corps liberate the villages of Tatsinskaya, Morozovskaya and others, capture about 300 serviceable German aircraft. Then the 3rd Guards liberated Lugansk, Lisichansk, Konstantinovka, Zaporozhye, Nikopol ... In the battle for the Dnieper, the troops of the 3rd Guards Army of General Lelyushenko D.D., which were part of the 4th Ukrainian Front, distinguished themselves in the operation to capture Nikopol bridgehead.
In March 1944, General Lelyushenko D.D. took command of the 4th Panzer Army. It was a wonderful army that was baptized by fire near Kursk. “Its backbone was a volunteer tank corps created by the working people of the Urals. All the weapons of this association - from a tank to a sapper blade - were not only produced beyond the plan, but also fully paid by the workers of the Ural factories, collective farms, institutions. Party organizations and military registration and enlistment offices of Sverdlovsk, Chelyabinsk and Perm regions scrupulously examined the numerous applications of those who wanted to defend the Motherland with arms in their hands. Of course, it was impossible to satisfy all requests. The best of the best were sent to the part of the corps being formed, and above all the communists and Komsomol members. On May 1, 1943, soldiers from the Urals took the military oath , and a few days later regiments and brigades were handed battle banners... When the echelons began to go to the front, the order of their fellow countrymen was read out to the soldiers, which ended like this: Fight bravely, warriors of the Urals, So that the whole earth rightly called the valiant Ural the Father of heroes! "(V. Zhilin" Tankers-heroes of 1943-1945 ", M ., "Yauza" "Eksmo", 2008, pp. 368-369) For a month and a half in the conditions of spring thaw, the 4th Panzer Army, in cooperation with other formations, fought bloody battles in Proskurovsko-Chernivtsi offensive operation... In this operation, the army covered more than 350 kilometers, liberated over two dozen cities from the Nazis. In the summer of 1944, during the Lvov-Sandomierz operation, for the first time in the history of military art, such a bold maneuver was carried out as entering into a breakthrough in a narrow corridor - only 4-6 kilometers, - shot through by enemy cannon and machine-gun fire, two tank armies: the 3rd Guards General Rybalko P.S. and 4th General Lelyushenko D.D. Interacting with combined-arms formations, repelling the enemy's flank counterattacks, the tankers, passing the so-called Koltovsky corridor, rushed to the operational space. The army commander, General D.D. Lelyushenko, was also in the battle formations of the advancing units. His command post was on the move all the time, moving from one brigade to another. This allowed the army commander to set or clarify tasks for subordinate commanders right on the ground, which contributed to their quickest solution in order to develop a swift attack on Lvov. According to the operation plan, it was envisaged that the 4th Panzer Army would cover the enemy's Lvov grouping from the south, and the 3rd Guards Tank Army would make a similar maneuver from the north. Combined-arms armies attacked the city from the east. Bypassing Lviv from the south, at dawn on July 22, 1944, the formations of the 4th Panzer Army reached the southern outskirts of the city and started street battles. For five days, interacting with the infantry, the tankers fought bravely on the streets of Lviv. The assault groups were seizing more and more new quarters. On July 27, 1944, the commander of the 1st Ukrainian Front, Marshal I.S. reported to VGK rate: "The 4th Panzer Army, in cooperation with units of the 60th and 38th armies, liberated the city of Lvov." In mid-August 1944, having completed a 400-kilometer march from the foothills of the Carpathians, the 4th Panzer Army crossed the Vistula and concentrated on the Sandomierz bridgehead to support the front troops, repelling the fierce counterattacks and counterattacks of the enemy. From here, in January 1945, brigades and regiments of the 4th tank, shoulder to shoulder with other units of the 1st Ukrainian Front, took part in the Vistula-Oder operation, during which Soviet troops liberated all of Poland from the invaders in a matter of days and, having suffered hostilities within the borders of Germany, began to inevitably approach Berlin. Kielce, Petrkow, Grabow ... These and many other Polish cities lay on the way of the 4th Panzer attack. Together with other armies, on January 22-23, 1945, its formations reached the Oder in the Keben region and crossed it on the move, capturing 18 powerful pillboxes of the Breslavl fortified region on the left bank of the river. And then - battles in Lower and Upper Silesia. For courage shown in battles, perseverance, courage, courage and discipline, organization and skillful performance of combat missions, the 4th Panzer Army was transformed into the 4th Guards Tank Army. And her commander was awarded the second Gold Star medal. Three weeks before the start Berlin operation The 4th Guards Tank was reinforced with another mechanized corps. In addition to artillery and infantry, it had one and a half hundred tanks, which significantly increased the striking power of the army. Many units of the corps were manned by volunteer sailors from the Pacific Fleet, who wished to fight as part of the tank forces. On April 16, 1945, following the infantry formations of the 1st Ukrainian Front crossing the Neisse River, the armored columns of the 3rd and 4th Guards Tank Armies deeply wedged into the enemy's defenses.
“Tankmen of the 4th Guards had not only to storm Berlin, bursting into its streets from the south-west, but also to close the ring of encirclement of the enemy capital by joining forces with the troops of the 1st Belorussian Front in the area of \u200b\u200bKetzin and Potsdam. At the same time, the army had to repulse the onslaught of enemy units trying to break out of the encirclement, trying to break through to Berlin with a large enemy grouping of General Wenck. shoulder to shoulder with their soldiers almost hand-to-hand fighting off the enemy's counterattacks. tank. Many parts of the army were awarded orders, received honorary f the name "Berlin". About 3 thousand of its soldiers were awarded orders and medals, and 19 soldiers were awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union ... "(V. Zhilin" Tankers-heroes of 1943-1945 ", M.," Yauza "" Eksmo ", 2008 , pp. 373-374). On the day when the Berlin garrison surrendered, the commander of the army, General Lelyushenko D.D. received an order: to transfer their combat areas to neighbors and, concentrating in the forests south of the citypreparing for a march to Prague. An uprising of the working people broke out there, it was necessary to provide them with assistance as soon as possible in an unequal struggle against the Nazis. Having crossed the Ore Mountains, the guardsmen of General Lelyushenko near the town of Zhatets defeated the headquarters of the enemy army group "Center", the headquarters of General Field Marshal Scherner. After the end of the Great Patriotic War, twice Hero of the Soviet Union, Guards Colonel-General Lelyushenko D.D. continued to serve in the Soviet Armed Forces. He occupied high positions: commander of armored and mechanized troops of a group of forces, first deputy commander of the military district, commander of the Trans-Baikal and Ural military districts, chairman of the Central Committee of the USSR DOSAAF, and since 1964 - military inspector-adviser in the group of general inspectors of the USSR Ministry of Defense. In 1959 he was awarded military rank "army General". On July 20, 1987, twice Hero of the Soviet Union, holder of six Orders of Lenin, the Order of the October Revolution, four Orders of the Red Banner, two Orders of Suvorov I degree, two Orders of Kutuzov I degree, Orders of Bogdan Khmelnitsky I degree, Patriotic War I degree, Order "For Service Motherland in the Armed Forces of the USSR ”, III degree, a number of medals and Honorary weapons, as well as the stars“ Hero of Czechoslovakia ”, holder of a number of foreign orders and medals, General of the Army Dmitry Danilovich Lelyushenko died. The valiant and heroic defender of the Fatherland, the famous Soviet military leader was buried with special military honors in Moscow at the Novodevichy cemetery. "General" Forward! " - so called DD Lelyushenko who knew him ", - wrote in his memoirs" General base during the war "General of the Army S.M. Shtemenko In the city of Rostov-on-Don, a bust of twice Hero of the Soviet Union D.D. Lelyushenko was installed. He is enrolled in the honorary lists of graduates of the Military Academy named after M.V. Frunze (now the Combined Arms Academy of the Armed Forces Russian Federation). Streets in the cities of Klin, Nizhny Novgorod, Rostov-on-Don and Prague are named after the twice Hero of the Soviet Union. General education secondary school No. 627 in Moscow bears the name of Dmitry Danilovich Lelyushenko, and in the building of this school there is a museum dedicated to the famous general-tanker.
LELYUSHENKO DMITRY DANILOVICH - Soviet military leader.
General of the Army (1959), two-wag-dy Hero of the Soviet Union (1940, 1945). He graduated from the Leningrad military-political school named after F. En-gel-sa (1925), the Caucasian school of red co-man-diers (1927), Military aka-de-mission named after M.V. Frun-ze (1933), the highest military aka-de-mission named after K.E. Vo-ro-shi-lo-va (1949).
In the Red Army since 1919. At the beginning of 1918, during the Civil War of 1917-1922, a number of fighters fought in the Caucasian detachment B.M. Du-men-ko, then in the 21st cavalry regiment of the 4th Caucasian division of the 1st Cavalry Army. In 1925-1931, in various military-political positions in ka-va-leria, from 1933 on various command-and-staff positions in the me -khani-zi-ro-van-nyh and tan-ko-vy-skah of the Red Army. Since June 1938, the commander of the 3rd separate leg-ko-tan-ko-th regiment of the Moscow Military District, and from October 1939 - the tank-ko-voy brigade. In 1939, he participated in the soviet troops to Western Be-lo-rus-siya (see the March of the Red Army in 1939).
In the Soviet-Finnish war, not 1939-1940, successfully-pesh-no ko-man-do-shaft of the 39th separate tan-ko-voy briga-doi. Since June 1940, the commander of the 1st Pro-letarsky Moscow mo-to-arrow-ko-voy di-vision. Since March 1941, the commander of the 21st mechanized building of the Leningrad Military District, at the head of the ko-to-ro-go since the beginning of the Great Patriotic War, the war shaft on the North-Western Front.
Since August 1941, Deputy Chief of Chief. av-to-bro-no-tan-ko-in-go management of the Red Army and head of the Office of the form-mi-ro-va-nia and ukom-plek-to-va -niya av-to-bro-not-tan-ko-vy troops. Since October 1941, again in the active army - in Bryansk, West, Ka-li-ninsk, South-West, 3, 4 and 1st UK-ra-in-sky fronts. In the ho-de Mo-s-kov-bats of 1941-1942, after-to-va-tel-no-ko-man-do-shaft by the 1st gvani rifle corps-poo-som, 5th and the 30th general army. During the St-ling-grad battle of 1942-1943, from November 1942, the commander of the 1st (December 5, pe-re-name-no-va-na in the 3rd) ar-mi-her, who-to-paradise played an important role in the environment and destruction of the enemy troops. Then the troops of the army under the leadership of Lelyushenko went into battles for the Don-bass, with the os-in-bo-z-de-nii Za-in-ro-zhya and Ni- ko-la. Since March 1944, the commander of the 4th (since March 17, 1945 - the 4th Guards) tank-war army, took part in the Pro-sku- rov-sko-Cher-no-vits-koy and Lvov-sko-San-do-mir-skoy 1944, Nizh-not-si-lez-skoi, Verkh-not-si-lez-skoi, Ber-lin- Moscow and Prague opera-ra-chi-yakh in 1945.
After the war, pro-long-pressed to-man-to-vat ar-mi-her, then - bro-not-tan-to-you-mi and me-ha-nizirovanny voy-ska -mi of the Group of Soviet troops in Germany, from March 1950 - the 1st Red Banner of the Separate Army, from July 1953 Lelyushenko - 1- 1st deputy commander of the troops-ska-mi Pri-kar-pat-sko-th VO, from no-yab-rya - commander of the 8th me-ha-nizirovanny ar-mi-she. Since January 1956, the commander of the troops-ska-mi Za-bai-kal-sko, from January 1958 - the Ural-ska military ok-ru-gov. In June 1960 - June 1964, the chairman of the Central Committee of the DOSAAF of the USSR. Since June 1964, in the Group of General Inspectors of the USSR Ministry of Defense.
Na-gra-zh-day 6 op-de-na-mi Le-ni-na (1940 and others), 4 or-de-na-mi Red-no-go Znan-me-ni (1941 and etc.), 2 or-de-na-mi Su-vo-ro-va 1st step-ni (1943, 1945), 2 or-de-na-mi Ku-tu-zo-va 1 -th step-ne-ni (1943, 1944), etc.
| Tombstone (view 1) | ||
| Tombstone (view 2) | ||
| Bronze bust in Rostov-on-Don | ||
| Bronze bust in Rostov-on-Don (detail) | ||
| Walk of Fame in Zaporozhye |
Lelyushenko Dmitry Danilovich - Commander of the 39th separate tank brigade in soviet-Finnish war 1939-1940 (Colonel), Commander of the 4th Guards Tank Army in the Great Patriotic War (Guards Colonel General).
Born on October 20 (November 2), 1901, on the Novokuznetskiy farm, now in the Zernogradskiy District of the Rostov Region, in a large (7 children) family of a poor peasant from another town. Ukrainian. From the age of 9 he worked as a lubricator on a steam thresher. Graduated from the rural parish school.
Having learned the need in early childhood, young Dmitry Lelyushenko was not tormented by the problem of choosing whom to join during the Civil War, and therefore, when in the spring of 1918 the red horseman B.M. Dumenko, who had returned shortly before that from the German front, organized Vesyolom partisan detachment to fight the White Cossacks, - became a red partisan. Dumenko's detachment fought for more than a year, and in these battles the future military leader grew and matured.
Since April 1919, D.D. Lelyushenko in the Red Army - as part of the 21st Cavalry Regiment of the 4th Cavalry Division of the 1st Cavalry Army. He participated in the Voronezh-Kastornenskaya, Donbass and Yegorlyk operations, in the war against the White Poles, in the defeat of P. Wrangel's army and in the elimination of the ataman N. Makhno's troops. Became a junior commander.
At the end of the Civil War, D.D. Lelyushenko remained on military service... In 1925 he graduated from the Leningrad military-political school named after M.V. Frunze, in 1927 - from the cavalry school of the red commanders. In 1925-1929 he served in his native 4th cavalry division: political instructor and military commissar of a cavalry squadron, military commissar of a regimental school, military commissar of the 21st cavalry regiment. In 1933, D.D. Lelyushenko graduated from the Military Academy of the Red Army named after M.V. Frunze. Member of the CPSU (b) / CPSU since 1924.
When the first mechanized units began to be created, he was one of the first to be transferred to this branch of the military, becoming in May 1933 the commander of a tank company of the 1st mechanized brigade in the Moscow military district, from 1934 he served in the same brigade as the chief of the 1st section of the headquarters brigade and the commander of a training tank battalion in Kaluga. From January 1937 - head of the 1st section of the Directorate of the head of the armored forces of the Moscow Military District. From June 1938 he commanded the 3rd separate light tank training regiment in the Moscow Military District (Ryazan), from October 1939 - the 39th separate tank brigade.
In the Soviet-Finnish war, the brigade of Colonel Leliushenko D.D. was sent to the front. During the battles with the White Finns, the tankers of the brigade commander Lelyushenko actively helped the rifle units that stormed the "Mannerheim line" and numerous enemy fortifications.
Haveby the Kaz of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR on April 7, 1940, the colonel was awarded the title of Hero of the Soviet Union with the Order of Lenin and the Gold Star medal.
Since the fall of 1940 - the commander of the 1st Proletarian Moscow motorized rifle division. Since March 1941 - Commander of the 21st Mechanized Corps in the Leningrad Military District.
The beginning of the Great Patriotic War found his mechanized corps in the Baltic States, and on June 23, the corps was included in the North-Western Front. Participated in the border battle on the Daugavpils, Pskov and Novgorod directions. In August 1941, he was appointed head of the Directorate for the formation and recruitment of armored forces - deputy head of the GABTU.
But in the first days of October 1941, Lelyushenko was summoned to the Supreme Commander-in-Chief I.V. Stalin, who orders him to urgently hand over the affairs of the Office and accept the 1st Guards Rifle Corps, which actually had to be formed as soon as possible. The newly formed corps was tasked with stopping Guderian's tank grouping, which had broken through the Bryansk front and advancing on Oryol ... For nine days, the soldiers of the 1st Guards Rifle Corps fought heroically on the fields of the Oryol region, delaying the enemy's advance on Tula. In the midst of the battle for the city of Mtsensk, where the tankers of the colonel's 4th tank brigade distinguished themselves, corps commander Lelyushenko receives an order to appoint the commander of the 5th army, which should take up defenses in the Mozhaisk region ... However, he did not command the 5th army for long - in one from the battles he was seriously wounded, and he was sent to a hospital in the city of Gorky (now Nizhny Novgorod).
After recovery, in mid-November 1941, Major General Lelyushenko was appointed commander of the 30th Army of the Western Front. During the battle for Moscow on December 9, 1941, Lelyushenko's army, located on the right wing of the Western Front, breaking the fierce resistance of the Nazi troops, cut the Moscow-Klin railway, and then, building on its success, together with units of the 1st Shock Army General blocked a large enemy grouping in the Klin area. Increasing the pace of the offensive, already on December 15, 1941, units of the 30th Army occupied the city, destroying the enemy. In January-April 1942, the 30th Army took part in the Rzhev-Vyazemsk offensive operation.
During the counter-offensive at Stalingrad, Lieutenant General D.D. Lelyushenko from November 1942 skillfully led the units of the 1st Guards Army entrusted to him, and from December 1942 to March 1943 - the troops of the 3rd Guards Army, for which he was awarded a commander's order Suvorov 1st degree.
Since August 1943, D.D. Lelyushenko again became the commander of the troops of the 3rd Guards Army of the 4th Ukrainian Front (until October 20 - the Southern), which under his command distinguished themselves in the battle for the Dnieper, in the Donbass offensive operation, during the liquidation of Zaporizhzhya and Nikopol bridgeheads of the enemy.
In March 1944, D.D. Lelyushenko took command of the 4th Tank Army, which, under his command, as part of the 1st Ukrainian Front, participates in the Proskurovsko-Chernivtsi, Lvov-Sandomierz, Vistula-Oder, Lower Silesian, Verkhne- Silesian, Berlin, Prague operations. In March 1945, the army was transformed into the 4th Guards Tank Army.
Haveby the kaz of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR on April 6, 1945, the Colonel-General was awarded the second Gold Star medal.
On May 5, 1945, an armed uprising began in the Czechoslovak capital Prague. The Nazis intended to drown him in blood. Czech National Council addresses countries by radio anti-Hitler coalition with a request for help ... On May 6, the shock group of the 1st Ukrainian Front, consisting of the 3rd and 4th Guards Tank Armies, rushed to the aid of the Slavic brothers. Tankers Lelyushenko, having made an incredibly difficult 80-kilometer march along the right bank of the Elbe in a short time, joined forces of the 2nd Ukrainian Front on May 9 in Prague, closing the encirclement ring. We saved the city and its inhabitants.
"Dmitry Danilovich Lelyushenko is better known in our Armed Forces as a combined-arms commander," General of the Army S.M. Shtemenko wrote in his memoirs "The General Staff during the War." he was put at the head of the 4th Panzer Army and honorably commanded it until the end of the war. General "Forward!" - so called DD Lelyushenko who knew him. "
At the end of the Great Patriotic War, General D.D. Lelyushenko held high command positions in Armed Forces USSR. He continued to command the 4th tank (since 1946 - the 4th mechanized) army in the Group of Soviet Occupation Forces in Germany (GSOVG), since 1947 - the commander of the armored and mechanized troops of the GSVOG. Since March 1950 - Commander of the 1st Red Banner a separate army (Far East). From July 1953 - First Deputy Commander of the Carpathian Military District. From November 1953 to January 1956 - Commander of the 8th Mechanized Army of the Carpathian Military District. From January 1956 he commanded the troops of the Trans-Baikal, from January 1958 - the Ural military districts. Since June 1960 - Chairman of the Central Committee of DOSAAF. Since June 1964 - military inspector-adviser to the Group of General Inspectors of the USSR Ministry of Defense.
General of the Army D.D. Lelyushenko made a significant contribution to the development of a number of important problems military science and military art. In his "Notes of the commander" ("Moscow - Stalingrad - Berlin - Prague"), published in 1970 in the publishing house "Science", he, using specific examples of military operations of troops, deeply covered such issues as breaking through the enemy's tank defenses, entering a breakthrough tank and mechanized corps and armies, massive strikes by them, swift actions in the depths of enemy defenses, forcing water obstacles on the move, sudden offensive actions at night. For such significant theoretical developments, D. D. Lelyushenko was awarded the title of "Candidate of Military Sciences".
Was elected as a deputy of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of the 1st, 5th and 6th convocations.
Military ranks:
major,
colonel (1938),
brigade commander (04/01/1940),
major general (06/04/1940),
lieutenant general (2.01.1942),
Colonel General (05/11/1944),
General of the Army (05/08/1959).He was awarded 4 Orders of Lenin (04/07/1940, ...), the Order of the October Revolution, 4 Orders of the Red Banner (1940, 07/25/1941, ...), 2 Orders of Suvorov 1st degree (01/28/1943, 05/29/1945) , 2 Orders of Kutuzov 1st degree (09/17/1943, 08/25/1944), Orders of Bogdan Khmelnitsky 1st degree (03/19/1944), Patriotic War 1st degree (03/11/1985), medals.
Hero of the Czechoslovak Socialist Republic (04/30/1970). He was awarded five foreign orders, including the Order for Military Valor (Poland), the Order of Clement Gottwald (Czechoslovakia), the Order of the White Lion "For Victory" (Czechoslovakia), and numerous foreign medals.
Honorary Citizen of the cities of Sverdlovsk (1977), Mozhaisk of the Moscow Region (20.10.1981), Slavyansk, Donetsk Region of Ukraine (19.04.1967).
A bronze bust of the Hero was installed in the city of Rostov-on-Don. Streets of the cities of Nizhny Novgorod, Rostov-on-Don, Klin in the Moscow region, secondary school No. 627 in Moscow are named after him.