In March 1942, a battalion of sea hunters and several dozen of their colleagues were rescued.
Official version
On March 25, 1942, during the shelling of the Streletskaya Bay by German long-range artillery on the SKA-0121 patrol boat, as a result of an explosion of an enemy shell that occurred nearby, one of the petrol tanks was pierced by shrapnel. A fire broke out. Since at that moment there were 8 large and 22 small depth charges on the boat, there was a threat of a powerful explosion, as a result of which 4 patrol boats, which were being repaired nearby, a floating crane, a bolinder, and a ship repair shop could be destroyed.
Senior Red Navy sailor Ivan Golubets joined the fight with the fire. Realizing that it would not be possible to extinguish the outbreak of a fire on his own, he began to throw depth charges overboard to prevent an explosion. The last one exploded, killing the sailor. He was buried with honors near the place of his death, and after the war an obelisk was erected on this place.
For his heroism, Ivan Golubets was awarded the title of Hero Soviet Union, the first in the Black Sea Fleet, posthumously.
Real events
After the collapse of the communist system, a number of testimonies appeared that significantly clarify and even modify the picture of the events that took place. But before presenting these evidences it is necessary to try to independently consider the objective circumstances of the incident. Could one person, in the 10-15 minutes at his disposal from the start of the fire to the moment of the explosion, independently throw overboard such a number of bulky and heavy objects, and even being in the midst of a raging flame?
35 years after the past events, the Council of Veterans of the Red Banner Black Sea Fleet a letter was received from one of the eyewitnesses and participants in these events, at that time the sailor of the SKA-0111 patrol boat Nikolai Zubkov. According to the letter, Ivan Golubets was not a member of the crew of the SKA-0121 boat on fire, he was the helmsman of the SKA-0183. The first to start extinguishing the fire were members of the SKA-0121 crew, Petty Officer 2nd Class Viktor Timofeev and Red Navy sailor Vasily Zhukov. A few minutes later, the pilot of the SKA-0183 boat, senior Red Navy sailor Ivan Golubets, came to their aid. The three of them managed to throw all depth charges overboard, but died as a result of the explosion of one of the gas tanks of the burning boat. Their bodies were buried the next day at the Russian (now Old City) cemetery of Sevastopol, not far from its western wall, next to the grave of the miner sailors who had died six months earlier. The funeral team consisted of the crew members of the SKA-0111 boat - boatswain Vasily Lapin, sailors Novikov and Zubkov. Both graves have survived to this day, only the grave of the two heroes is unnamed, because according to the official version, the hero was alone and was buried in Streletskaya Bay.
The command of the unit, almost immediately after the events that took place, sent a submission to the higher authorities about conferring the title of Hero of the Soviet Union on all three of the dead, but it was awarded only to Ivan Golubets, since his last name was the first alphabetically, and he was a member of the Komsomol, while the other two were non-partisan.
This eyewitness testimony is also confirmed by data from the Central Naval Archives of the USSR (now TsVM Russian Federation), f. 864, op. 1, case 1313, fol. 60, entered into the Sevastopol Book of Memory, which indicates the simultaneous death of all three people and one place of their burial (the western wall of the Russian cemetery). In the same case, obviously, is also the presentation of three sailors to the title of Hero of the Soviet Union.
This is the solution to yet another mystery in the history of the Black Sea Fleet and the second defense of Sevastopol.
Konstantin Kolontaev
the Russian EmpireUSSR USSR
Ivan Karpovich Golubets (May 8, Taganrog - March 25, Sevastopol) - senior border guard sailor, Hero of the Soviet Union (, posthumously).
Biography
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- Golubets Ivan Karpovich - article from the Great Soviet Encyclopedia ..
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- on pogranichnik.ru.
An excerpt characterizing Golubets, Ivan Karpovich
“Let me introduce you to my daughter,” said the Countess, blushing.`` I have the pleasure of being familiar, if the Countess remembers me, '' said Prince Andrei with a courteous and low bow, completely contrary to Peronskaya's remarks about his rudeness, going up to Natasha and raising his hand to hug her waist even before he finished the invitation to dance. He offered a waltz tour. That dying expression on Natasha's face, ready for despair and delight, suddenly lit up with a happy, grateful, childish smile.
“I have been waiting for you for a long time,” as if this frightened and happy girl said, with her smile that appeared because of ready tears, raising her hand on the shoulder of Prince Andrey. They were the second pair to enter the circle. Prince Andrey was one of the best dancers of his time. Natasha danced beautifully. Her legs in ballroom satin shoes quickly, easily and independently of her did their job, and her face shone with delight of happiness. Her bare neck and arms were thin and ugly. Compared to Helene's, her shoulders were thin, her breasts were indefinite, her arms were thin; But Helen was already as if varnish from all the thousands of glances that glided over her body, and Natasha seemed like a girl who had been naked for the first time, and who would have been very ashamed of it if she had not been assured that it was so necessary.
Prince Andrew loved to dance, and wanting to quickly get rid of the political and intelligent conversations with which everyone turned to him, and wanting to quickly break this annoying circle of embarrassment resulting from the presence of the sovereign, he went to dance and chose Natasha, because Pierre had pointed out to him. and because she was the first of the pretty women to catch his eye; but as soon as he embraced this slender, mobile body, and she stirred so close to him and smiled so close to him, the wine of her charm hit him in his head: he felt revived and rejuvenated when, taking a breath and leaving her, he stopped and began to look on the dancers.
After Prince Andrey, Boris approached Natasha, inviting her to dance, the dancer adjutant who had started the ball, and other young people approached Natasha, and Natasha, passing her unnecessary gentlemen to Sonya, happy and flushed, did not stop dancing the whole evening. She did not notice or see anything that occupied everyone at this ball. She not only did not notice how the emperor spoke for a long time with the French envoy, how he spoke especially graciously with such and such a lady, how the prince such and such did and said how Helene had great success and received special attention such and such; she did not even see the sovereign and noticed that he had left only because after his departure the ball had become more lively. One of the merry cotillions, before supper, Prince Andrey again danced with Natasha. He reminded her of their first meeting in the Otradnenskaya alley and how she could not sleep on a moonlit night, and how he could not help hearing her. Natasha blushed at this reminder and tried to make excuses, as if there was something embarrassing in the feeling in which Prince Andrew had involuntarily overheard her.
Prince Andrew, like all people who grew up in the world, loved to meet in the world that which did not have a common secular imprint. And such was Natasha, with her surprise, joy and timidity and even mistakes in French. He treated and spoke to her especially tenderly and carefully. Sitting beside her, talking to her about the simplest and most insignificant subjects, Prince Andrey admired the joyful sparkle of her eyes and her smile, which was not related to the speeches being spoken, but to her inner happiness. While Natasha was being chosen and she got up with a smile and danced around the hall, Prince Andrei admired especially her timid grace. In the middle of the cotillion Natasha, having finished her figure, still breathing heavily, approached her place. The new gentleman invited her again. She was tired and out of breath, and apparently thought to refuse, but immediately again gaily raised her hand on the gentleman's shoulder and smiled at Prince Andrew.
“I would be glad to have a rest and sit with you, I am tired; but you see how they choose me, and I am happy about it, and I am happy, and I love everyone, and you and I understand all this, ”and this smile said a lot. When the gentleman left her, Natasha ran across the hall to take two ladies for the figures.
"If she goes first to her cousin, and then to another lady, then she will be my wife," Prince Andrew said quite unexpectedly to himself, looking at her. She went first to her cousin.
“What nonsense sometimes comes to mind! thought Prince Andrew; but it is only true that this girl is so sweet, so special that she will not dance here for a month and will get married ... This is a rarity here, ”he thought when Natasha, straightening the rose that had leaned back from the bodice, sat down beside him.
At the end of the cotillion, the old count, in his blue dress coat, walked up to the dancers. He invited Prince Andrew to his place and asked his daughter if she was having fun? Natasha did not answer and only smiled with such a smile, which reproachfully said: "how could you ask about this?"
- As fun as ever! She said, and Prince Andrey noticed how quickly her thin arms rose to hug her father and immediately dropped down. Natasha was as happy as never before in her life. She was at that highest stage of happiness, when a person becomes completely trusting and does not believe in the possibility of evil, unhappiness and grief.
Pierre at this ball for the first time felt insulted by the position that his wife occupied in the higher spheres. He was morose and absent-minded. There was a wide fold across his forehead, and he, standing at the window, looked through his glasses, not seeing anyone.
Natasha, heading for dinner, walked past him.
Pierre's gloomy, unhappy face startled her. She stopped opposite him. She wanted to help him, to convey to him the surplus of her happiness.
“How fun, Count,” she said, “isn't it?
Pierre smiled absentmindedly, obviously not understanding what was being said to him.
“Yes, I'm very glad,” he said.
“How can they be dissatisfied with something, Natasha thought. Especially as good as this Bezukhov? " In Natasha's eyes, all those who were at the ball were equally kind, sweet, wonderful people, loving each other: no one could offend each other, and therefore everyone should be happy.
Many people know the description of the feat of the sailor Ivan Golubets, who at the cost of his life in March 1942 saved a battalion of sea hunters and several dozen of his colleagues.
According to the official version, passing from one printed source to another, on March 25, 1942, during the shelling of the Streletskaya Bay by the German long-range artillery on the SKA-0121 patrol boat, as a result of an explosion of an enemy shell that occurred nearby, one of the petrol tanks was pierced by shrapnel. A fire broke out. Since at that moment there were 8 large and 22 small depth charges on the boat, there was a threat of a powerful explosion, as a result of which 4 patrol boats, which were being repaired nearby, a floating crane, a bolinder, and a ship repair shop could be destroyed. Senior Red Navy sailor Ivan Golubets entered the fight against the fire. Realizing that it would not be possible to extinguish the outbreak of fire on his own, he began to throw depth charges overboard to prevent an explosion. The last one exploded, killing the sailor. He was buried with honors near the place of his death, and after the war an obelisk was erected on this place.
However, in recent times a number of testimonies have appeared that significantly clarify and even modify the picture of the events that have taken place. But before presenting these evidences it is necessary to try to independently consider the objective circumstances of the incident. Could one person, in the 10-15 minutes he had at his disposal from the start of the fire to the moment of the explosion, independently throw such a number of bulky and heavy objects overboard, and even being among the raging flame?
Indeed, 35 years after the past events, the Council of Veterans of the Red Banner Black Sea Fleet received a letter from one of the eyewitnesses and participants in these events, then the sailor of the SKA-0111 patrol boat Nikolai Zubkov. According to the letter, Ivan Golubets was not a member of the crew of the SKA-0121 boat on fire, he was the helmsman of the SKA-0183. The first to start extinguishing the fire were members of the SKA-0121 crew, Petty Officer 2nd Class Viktor Timofeev and Red Navy sailor Vasily Zhukov. A few minutes later, the pilot of the SKA-0183 boat, senior Red Navy sailor Ivan Golubets, came to their aid. The three of them managed to throw all depth charges overboard, but died as a result of the explosion of one of the gas tanks of the burning boat. Their bodies were buried the next day at the Russian (now Old City) cemetery of Sevastopol, not far from its western wall, next to the grave of the miner sailors who had died six months earlier. The funeral team consisted of the crew members of the SKA-0111 boat - boatswain Vasily Lapin, sailors Novikov and Zubkov. Both graves have survived to this day, only the grave of the two heroes is unnamed, because according to the official version, the hero was alone and was buried in Streletskaya Bay.
The command of the unit, almost immediately after the events that took place, sent a submission to the higher authorities about conferring the title of Hero of the Soviet Union on all three of the dead, but it was awarded only to Ivan Golubets, since his last name was the first alphabetically, and he was a member of the Komsomol, while the other two were non-partisan.
This eyewitness testimony is also confirmed by data from the Central Naval Archives of the USSR (now the TsVM of the Russian Federation), f. 864, op. 1, case 1313, fol. 60, entered into the Sevastopol Book of Memory, which indicates the simultaneous death of all three people and one place of their burial (the western wall of the Russian cemetery). In the same case, obviously, is also the presentation of three sailors to the title of Hero of the Soviet Union.
This is the solution to yet another mystery in the history of the Black Sea Fleet and the second defense of Sevastopol.
There are articles on Wikipedia about other people with this surname, see Golubets (disambiguation). Ivan Karpovich Golubets Date of birth ... Wikipedia
May 8, 1916 (19160508) March 25, 1942 Monument to I.K. Golubtsu, Taganrog, 2007 Place of birth Taganrog Place of death ... Wikipedia
Cabbage rolls: Cabbage rolls are a Russian cuisine dish wrapped in cabbage leaves and minced meat. Golbets (architecture), or golbets is the name of a cross with a gable roof in the form of a roof; also the actual roof to protect icons and frescoes on the outer wall ... ... Wikipedia
Cabbage rolls: Cabbage rolls are a Russian cuisine dish wrapped in cabbage leaves and minced meat. Golbets (architecture) is the name of a cross with a gable roof in the form of a roof (see also "golbets"); also the actual roof to protect icons and frescoes on ... ... Wikipedia
Senior sailor border guard, Hero of the Soviet Union (06/14/1942, posthumously). Member of the Komsomol since 1933. Born into a working class family. From 1939 he served in the Novorossiysk border detachment as a steering boat. 25 ... ...
Ivan Karpovich, senior border guard sailor, Hero of the Soviet Union (6/14/1942, posthumously). Member of the Komsomol since 1933. Born into a working class family. From 1939 he served in the Novorossiysk border detachment ... ... Big soviet encyclopedia
- ... Wikipedia
On this day:
Kulevchin battle
On June 11, 1829, Russian troops under the command of General of Infantry Ivan Dibich inflicted a decisive defeat on the Turkish army at Kulevche in eastern Bulgaria.
Kulevchin battle
On June 11, 1829, Russian troops under the command of General of Infantry Ivan Dibich inflicted a decisive defeat on the Turkish army at Kulevche in eastern Bulgaria.
Russian army, numbering 125 thousand people and 450 guns besieged the fortress of Silistria occupied by Turkish troops. On June 11, a Russian detachment attacked the Turks and captured the heights of the village of Kulevcha.
The victory in the Battle of Kulevchin gave the Russian army a passage through the Balkans to Adrianople (now Edirne, Turkey). The Turkish army lost 5 thousand people killed, 1.5 thousand prisoners, 43 guns and all food. The Russian army lost 1270 people killed.
After the conclusion of the Treaty of Adrianople, Russian troops left Kulevch.Thousands of Bulgarians rushed after them, fearing Turkish repression. Kulevch became empty, and the settlers founded a new village in the Odessa region, which is still called Kulevch. where do they live today about 5000 ethnic Bulgarians.
The execution of Tukhachevsky
On June 11, 1937, the highest commanders and political workers of the Soviet Armed Forces Tukhachevsky, Primakov, Yakir, Uborevich, Eideman and others were shot about the verdict of a military tribunal in Moscow on charges of organizing a "military-fascist conspiracy in the Red Army."
The execution of Tukhachevsky
On June 11, 1937, the highest commanders and political workers of the Soviet Armed Forces Tukhachevsky, Primakov, Yakir, Uborevich, Eideman and others were shot about the verdict of a military tribunal in Moscow on charges of organizing a "military-fascist conspiracy in the Red Army."
This process went down in history as the "Tukhachevsky case". It arose 11 months before the execution of the sentence in July 1936. Then, through Czech diplomats, Stalin received information thatamong the leadership of the Red Army, a conspiracy is brewing, led by Deputy People's Commissar of Defense Mikhail Tukhachevsky, and that the conspirators are in contact with the leading generals of the German High Command and the German intelligence service. A dossier stolen fromsS security services, which containeddocuments of the special department "K" - a camouflaged Reichswehr organization dealing with the production of weapons and ammunition prohibited The Versailles Treaty... The dossier contained recordings of conversations between German officers and representatives of the Soviet command, including the minutes of negotiations with Tukhachevsky. With these documents, a criminal case began under the code name "The Conspiracy of General Turguev" (the pseudonym of Tukhachevsky, under which he came to Germany with an official military delegation in the early 30s of the last century).
Today, in the liberal press, the version that "stupid Stalin" becamea victim of the provocation of the special services of Nazi Germany, who planted fabricated documents about the "conspiracy in the Red Army" for the purpose of decapitation Soviet Armed Forces on the eve of the war.
I happened to get acquainted with the criminal case against Tukhachevsky, but there was no confirmation of this version. I'll start with the confessions of Tukhachevsky himself.The marshal's first written statement after his arrest was dated May 26, 1937. He wrote to the People's Commissar of Internal Affairs Yezhov: “Being arrested on May 22, arriving in Moscow on the 24th, I was first interrogated on the 25th, and today, on May 26, I declare that I recognize the existence of an anti-Soviet military Trotskyist conspiracy and that I was at the head of it. I undertake to independently explain to the investigation everything concerning the conspiracy, without hiding any of its participants, not a single fact and document. The founding of the conspiracy dates back to 1932. It was attended by: Feldman, Alafuzov, Primakov, Putna and others, which I will show in detail in addition. " During interrogation by the People's Commissar of Internal Affairs, Tukhachevsky said: “Back in 1928, I was dragged into the right-wing organization by Yenukidze. In 1934 I personally contacted Bukharin; I established an espionage connection with the Germans since 1925, when I went to Germany for exercises and maneuvers ... When I went to London in 1936, Putna arranged for me to meet with Sedov (the son of L.D. Trotsky. - S.T.) .. . "
There are also materials in the criminal case previously collected on Tukhachevsky, which at one time were not given a course. For instance,testimony from 1922 of two officers who served in the past in the tsarist army. They named ... Tukhachevsky the inspirer of their anti-Soviet activity. Copies of the interrogation protocols were reported to Stalin, who sent them to Ordzhonikidze with such a meaningful note: "Please read. Since this is not excluded, it is possible." Ordzhonikidze's reaction is unknown - he apparently did not believe the slander. There was another case: the People's Commissariat for the military and maritime affairs the secretary of the party committee of the Western military district complained about Tukhachevsky (wrong attitude towards the communists, immoral behavior). But the People's Commissar M. Frunze imposed a resolution on the information: "The Party believed Comrade Tukhachevsky, it believes and will continue to believe." An interesting extract from the testimony of the arrested brigade commander Medvedev that in 1931 he became "aware" of the existence of central offices Red Army counter-revolutionary Trotskyist organization. On May 13, 1937, Yezhov arrested Dzerzhinsky's former comrade-in-arms A. Artuzov, and he testified that information received from Germany in 1931 reported a conspiracy in the Red Army under the leadership of a certain General Turguev (pseudonym Tukhachevsky) who was in Germany. Yezhov's predecessor, Yagoda, declared at the same time: "This is not serious material, turn it over to the archive."
After the end of the Great Patriotic War Fascist documents with assessments of the "Tukhachevsky case" became known. Here are some of them.
An interesting diary entry by Goebbels dated May 8, 1943: "There was a conference of Reichsleiters and Gauleiters ... The Fuehrer recalled the incident with Tukhachevsky and expressed the opinion that we were completely wrong when we believed that Stalin would destroy the Red Army in this way. The opposite was true: Stalin got rid of the opposition in the Red Army and thus put an end to defeatism. "
In his speech before subordinatesin October 1943, SS Reichsfuehrer Himmler said: “When large demonstration trials were going on in Moscow, and the former Tsarist cadet, and later the Bolshevik General Tukhachevsky and other generals, all of us in Europe, including us, party members and SS, adhered to the opinion that the Bolshevik system and Stalin made one of their biggest mistakes here. By assessing the situation in this way, we have greatly deceived ourselves. We can truthfully and confidently state this. I believe that Russia would not have survived all these two years of war - and now it is already in its third - if it had kept the former tsarist generals. "
On September 16, 1944, a conversation took place between Himmler and the traitor general A.A. Vlasov, during which Himmler asked Vlasov about the Tukhachevsky case. Why did he fail. Vlasov replied: "Tukhachevsky made the same mistake as your people on July 20 (an attempt on Hitler's life). He did not know the law of the masses." Those. and one and the second conspiracy is not denied.
AT his memoirs, a major Soviet intelligence officerlieutenant General Pavel Sudoplatov asserts: “The myth of the involvement of German intelligence in Stalin’s massacre of Tukhachevsky was launched for the first time in 1939 by the defector V. Krivitsky, former officer Intelligence Directorate of the Red Army, in the book "I was an agent of Stalin." In doing so, he referred to white general Skoblin, a prominent agent of the INO NKVD among the White emigration. Skoblin, according to Krivitsky, was a double working for German intelligence. In reality, Skoblin was not a double. His undercover case completely refutes this version. The invention of Krivitsky, who became a mentally unstable person in emigration, was later used by Schellenberg in his memoirs, attributing to himself the merit in falsifying the Tukhachevsky case.
Even if Tukhachevsky turned out to be clean before the Soviet government, in his criminal case I found such documents, after reading which his execution seems well deserved. Here are some of them.
In March 1921, Tukhachevsky was appointed commander of the 7th Army, aimed at suppressing the uprising of the Kronstadt garrison. TO it is known to have been drowned in blood.
In 1921 Soviet Russiawas covered anti-Soviet uprisings, the largest of which in European Russia was the peasant uprising in the Tambov province. Regarding the Tambov uprising as a serious danger, the Politburo of the Central Committee at the beginning of May 1921 appointed Tukhachevsky as commander of the troops of the Tambov district with the task of completely suppressing it as soon as possible. According to the plan developed by Tukhachevsky, the uprising was largely suppressed by the end of July 1921.
Venus's atmosphere explored
11 June 1985 automatic interplanetary station "Vega-1" reached the vicinity of the planet Venus and completed the complex scientific research on the international project "Venus - Halley's comet". On June 4, 1960, the USSR government issued a decree "On plans for the exploration of outer space", which ordered the creation of a launch vehicle for a flight to Mars and Venus.
Venus's atmosphere explored
On June 11, 1985, the automatic interplanetary station "Vega-1" reached the vicinity of the planet Venus and carried out a complex of scientific research under the international project "Venus - Halley's comet". On June 4, 1960, the USSR government issued a decree "On plans for the exploration of outer space", which ordered the creation of a launch vehicle for a flight to Mars and Venus.
From February 1961 to June 1985, 16 Venera spacecraft were launched in the USSR. In December 1984, the Soviet spacecraft "Vega-1" and "Vega-2", designed to explore Venus and Halley's comet. On June 11 and 15, 1985, these AMS reached Venus and dropped landing modules into its atmosphere.
As a result of the experiments carried out by the devices, the atmosphere of the planet, which is the densest among the planets, was studied in detail. terrestrial groupbecause it contains up to 96 percent carbon dioxide, up to 4 percent nitrogen and a little water vapor. A thin layer of dust was discovered on the surface of Venus. Most of it is occupied by hilly plains, the highest mountains rise 11 kilometers above the average surface level.