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Artie Flag |
Artie's coat of arms |
| Country | Russia |
| Subject of the federation | Sverdlovsk region |
| Municipal District | Artinsky urban district |
| Coordinates | Coordinates: 56 ° 25'02 ″ s. sh. 58 ° 32'13 "in. d. / 56.417222 ° N sh. 58.536944 ° E d. (G) (O) (I) 56 ° 25′02 ″ s. sh. 58 ° 32'13 "in. d. / 56.417222 ° N sh. 58.536944 ° E d. (G) (O) (I) |
| Telephone code | +7 34391 |
| Founded | 1783 |
| OKATO code | 46 241 562 |
| Timezone | UTC + 6 |
| Population | ▼ 13 408 people (2010) |
| Postcode | 623340 |
| Car code | 66, 96 |
| PGT with | 1929 |
Arti is an urban-type settlement in the Artinsky district of the Sverdlovsk region of Russia. It is the administrative center of the Artinsky urban district.
The village is located on the Artya River (a tributary of the Ufa), 178 km south-west of Yekaterinburg.
Population 13.4 thousand inhabitants (2009).
Famous people
History
The history of the settlement begins in 1753, when Count Stroganov built a mill on the Arte River. After some time, the Tula merchant Luginin became the owner of the mill. Having decided that instead of a mill it would be more profitable to build an iron-making, hammer enterprise, he began construction of the plant. Raw materials for production had to come from their own iron foundries Satka, Zlatoust and Kusinsky factories. In 1778 Luginin died, but his grandchildren continued his work.
The construction of the plant began in 1783. And then there was a settlement at the factory. Then a dam was erected on the banks of the Artya River. The plant grew, and the plant settlement grew. In 1839, a stone one-altar Vvedensky temple was built.
By the end of the 18th century, there were 100 manor houses, 234 huts and more than a thousand people in Artyah. A wooden hospital was built in 1786.
In the 19th century, the plant was acquired by the breeder Knauf, and after his death the Artinsky plant became the property of the state. By the third quarter of the 19th century, the village has grown significantly. A hospital, pharmacy, school and shops were built. At the same time, trade fairs were regularly held in Artyah. Hundreds of carts from Kazan, Irbit, Yekaterinburg, Chelyabinsk, Kungur, Krasnoufimsk gathered at the factory area, and the population of the village increased almost fivefold.
The status of an urban-type settlement - since 1929.
In 1931, the Vvedensky temple was closed, demolished, and the place was built up. Two wooden chapels built at the end of the 19th century on the territory of the village were also demolished.
And to this day, more than two centuries later, the same hammer iron-making plant, which has now become a mechanical one, is a city-forming enterprise.
Urban village Artie located on the banks of the Artya River, just south of its confluence with the Ufa River.
The first settlements on the territory of the Artinsky region, which have survived to the present time, appeared about 4 centuries ago. The oldest of them are the village of Manchazh ( 1652 year), Azigulovo and Bakiykovo ( 1655 ). First the Bashkirs settled in our lands, then the Tatars, Mari, Russians came. The ancient villages that arose then were part of the Krasnoufimsky district of the Perm province.
The appearance of the first inhabitants on the site of the modern settlement of Arti dates back to the second quarter of the 18th century. IN 1745 Aponasul (Afonaskovo) Mari village appeared here. The Mari from the Vyatka province moved to these parts. In the document defining the living conditions - " serf note"composed between the owners of the land - Bashkirs and newcomers, dated 1745, it was reported:" We, Bashkirians, conceded our patrimonial land to the Cheremis, and to be their yards, land, forests and hay mows, to own an onboard land, to catch animals and fish ... 20 years, they, Bashkirs, do not enter those lands, but only take a rent of 10 rubles in year".
Soon after the Mari, Russian settlers from the Kazan and Perm provinces came to this territory.
In the 18th century, by decree of Tsar Peter I, ironworks began to appear in the Urals to supply Russia with metal and weapons. With such a favorable environment for the development of the metallurgical industry, Baron Sergei Grigorievich Stroganov in 1753 year for a song bought land for the construction of the plant. These places were chosen for a reason: water to drive water wheels and all other technological drives, the abundance of forests in the Arti River basin both for construction needs and for making charcoal for blast furnaces and forges are the main factors that determined the choice of the site.
IN 1783 year, the village of Artie appeared. In 1787, the Artinsky plant was founded, which soon began to produce the first products. Our factory was and remains the only enterprise in the country that produced agricultural braids, sickles, and, since the middle of the 20th century, sewing needles. Artie is the birthplace of the Russian braid. The outstanding scientist Pavel Petrovich Anosov worked on improving the technology of its production in the 19th century, who also discovered the secret of damask steel.
In addition, the plant produces shovels, pitchforks, other gardening tools, ladders, consumer goods, auto parts and other products. As in past centuries, he produces a lot of goods abroad, participates in various industrial exhibitions and often receives diplomas and titles.
The development of the Artinsky plant took place throughout the 19th century. FROM 1811 year he became state. With meager wages and difficult working conditions for workers (as noted in " Development of capitalism in RussiaLenin), the plant, nevertheless, made the small village of Arti a large settlement, and later became a city-forming enterprise that formed the modern Artinsky district. The plant developed especially successfully in Soviet times.
Volosts, uyezds and provinces were abolished in Soviet times. IN 1923 year, the Artinsky district became part of the Kungur district of the Ural region. On December 19, 1923, a district party conference was held in the village of Arti, at which the district party committee was elected. The next day, the first congress of district Soviets elected a district executive committee. T.S. Leushkanov became the first secretary of the RK VKP (b), and Alexei Ivanovich Bebnev became the chairman of the executive committee.
In 1929 working village Artie received the status urban-type settlement.
The territory of the Artinsky district then occupied an area of \u200b\u200b946 square kilometers, which is almost three times less than the modern one. 31,560 people lived in 75 settlements. Over the years since then, changes have occurred twice more.
In 1962 the districts were enlarged. The territories of Artinsky, Manchazhsky, Sazhinsky and other districts were assigned to Krasnoufimsky. Two years later - in 1964 year - Artinsky district was restored. It also included the Manchazh and Sazhinsky districts that were before 1962.
Now the area of \u200b\u200bthe district is 277.7 thousand hectares, 31.2 thousand people live in 58 settlements. Artinsky district unites 17 rural and one settlement administration.
Settlements occupy 19.053 thousand hectares. territory of the district, 175 thousand hectares. - agricultural land, 78 thousand hectares. - the woods. The center of the Artinsky urban district is the village of Arti. As before, the Artinsky region is multinational. Russians, Tatars, Mari and representatives of other nationalities live on its territory.
The Artinsky region is agricultural. There are 16 agricultural enterprises of various forms of ownership in the region with a farmland area of \u200b\u200b134.980 thousand hectares, of which 111.196 thousand hectares are arable land. In addition to large agricultural enterprises, successors to state farms, 30 peasant farms are working well.
Like one hundred and two hundred years ago, the Artinsky Zavod OJSC is the town-forming enterprise of the Arti settlement. As before, the products of the plant are known in many countries.
The housing and communal services of the Artinsky urban district are represented by the enterprises of the Artinskaya Teplotekhnika Municipal Unitary Enterprise, the ZhKKH-Arti Municipal Unitary Enterprise, as well as the municipal unitary enterprises of the Sazhinskoye and Manchazhskoye housing and communal services.
Since the formation of the district, the district consumer society has been actively developing on the territory, which to this day remains the strongest trade organization, uniting 92 retail outlets, of which 89 are stores. Back in 1914, there were 29 merchants in the Artinsky district, including 3 merchants. But trade was practiced much more broadly, it was not limited to the activities of the merchants. Each rural municipality center hosted at least two fairs a year. Over time, it became necessary to cooperate efforts to promote goods to customers. Cooperation has appeared. Artinskoye RAIPO remains faithful to cooperative principles, providing villagers with essential goods, processing vegetables and berries, and harvesting surplus agricultural products. The consumer cooperation is also engaged in charitable activities, providing assistance to schools, hospitals and other social institutions. Currently, the competition of the RAIPO network is made up of shops of private entrepreneurs, where the range of goods, types of services and their quality are respected by buyers and visitors.
From 1917 to the present, the forms of forest management have changed more than 20 times. Now the forestry of the Artinsky region is represented by the Artinsky branch of the state unitary enterprise of the Sverdlovsk region "Forestry production association"; Artinskoe, Sazhinskoe and Potashkinskoe forestry of the state institution of the Sverdlovsk region "Krasnoufim forestry", occupying 112586 hectares. On the territory of the forestry there are natural monuments - the Sabarsky area of \u200b\u200bdark coniferous forests and broad-leaved forests, areas of mountain feather grass steppes, Potashkinskaya oak forest.
Back in the 18th century, the medical college was considered the highest governing body of medical affairs in Russia. In 1812, the surgeon Baron Sigismund von Tiesenhausen worked in the hospital of the Artinsky plant. At that time, the district doctor was charged with serving 89 settlements, there was no emergency room, so the majority of the population had to do without medical care. Currently, on the territory of the Artinsky urban district, there is a municipal institution "Artinsky central regional hospital" (with departments: polyclinic, obstetric and gynecological, infectious, neurological, therapeutic, surgical, dentistry and orthopedics, children's and women's consultations) in the village of Arti, and in rural areas - 31 feldsher obstetric points, 9 general medical practices have been opened.
In June 1918, the Artinsky Volost Revolutionary Committee created the Council of Public Education, the head of which was approved by a member of the RCP (b) Yevgeny Pavlovich Shutov. Fulfilling the decree of the Council of People's Commissars of December 26, 1919 "On the elimination of illiteracy of the population", emergency troikas were created under the executive committees to eliminate illiteracy. In the fall of 1920, 8 literacy schools were opened, and in large villages - 21 centers for the elimination of illiteracy, where 899 people studied. Now there are 21 in Artinsky district educational institution, 21 kindergarten, night school. Additional education children of our region can get in the children's art school, professional - in the Artinsk vocational school. In addition, in their free time, schoolchildren study in circles and sections of the Center for Children's Creativity, a children's youth sports school, and the "Start" sports complex. On the territory of the district there are 15 children's, teenage and youth clubs.
Before the October Revolution, there was not a single cultural institution in the Artinsky region, except for the volost library in the village of Arti. From October 1, 1919, gradually, mainly on the initiative of the Komsomol members, people's houses and clubs, reading rooms began to open. Cultural and educational institutions tried to bring culture to the masses of working people and have a beneficial effect on their mood. The same task is still facing the employees of 27 houses of culture and rural clubs, 27 public libraries. Outside the Sverdlovsk region, there are known collectives "Cholga Shudyr" (Bright Star), "Mura Pamash" (Song Spring), "Udyr Siy" (Maiden Trouble), Azigulovsky folk theater. In the village of Manchazh there is a sports and health center, one of two in the countryside in the region.
The Artinsky district is distinguished by a high concentration of strong, courageous, worthy citizens of Russia. During the Great Patriotic War seven soldiers from our small region became Heroes of the Soviet Union.
In the year of the collapse of the country, the Decree of the President of the RSFSR was issued " On some issues of the activities of executive authorities in the RSFSR". In accordance with it, from December 6, 1991, by the decree of the Head of the Artinsky District Administration" On the termination of the powers of the executive committee of the Artinsky District Council of People's Deputies"The powers of the executive committee of the Artinsky district council as an executive and administrative body were terminated. The head of the administration of the Artinsky district became the legal successor of the executive committee.
August 7, 1995 By a referendum decision " On the results of voting at a local referendum"a municipal entity is created Artinsky district.
FROM 01.01.2006 year in accordance with Federal Law No. 131-FZ dated 06.10.2003 " About general principles local government organizations in Russian Federation ", regional law No. 88-OZ of 12.10.2004" On establishing the boundaries of the municipality Artinsky district and giving it the status of an urban district"educated Artinsky urban district.
The history of the Arti village, like most of the cities and settlements of the Urals, is, first of all, the history of the plant. It was at the small Artinsky plant that two unique production facilities for the country united: the production of braids and needles for sewing machines.
The history of the village
The birthday of the village, which is usually celebrated here on August 3, is a very conditional date. For example, he could celebrate now not 230 years, but 250 - in the event that the birth of the village is considered the year of construction of the first flour mill - property count Alexander Stroganov on river Artya... Well, in 1783, the construction of a plant for forging cast iron began here.
The start of construction of the plant was delayed for more than ten years. In 1770 the mill at Stroganov bought out the Tula merchant Larion Luginin... He was interested not so much in the mill on the bank of an unknown river flowing into Ufahow much opportunity "To raise one blast furnace and five hammers operated by water on the Artya river"... That is, he acquired a potential plant.
Two years later, this plant really began to be built, but broke out Pugachev riot, who brought to naught all Lugin's plans - he died, completely ruined. His grandson Nikolay, a lieutenant of the Life Guards and a hefty boozer, nevertheless became sufficiently interested in the inheritance to complete the construction of the plant. This happened in 1783, which is celebrated today as the year the village was founded.
However, the plant operating on imported ore was unprofitable, and then already captain Luginin, like his grandfather, declared himself bankrupt. The plant was transferred to the state treasury, after which the Moscow merchant Knauf decided to rent it. He invested in production (after all, he was promised to leave the plant "for eternal possession") and in 1809 he began to produce braids, and on a grand scale. And then the state, "coming to its senses", took away Knauf factory back.
The well-established production, of course, has been preserved and over the years has reached such perfection that these braids were celebrated at numerous exhibitions, including London (1851) and Paris (1867). In Soviet times Artinsky plant remained the only enterprise in the country producing braids. And in 1941 he was evacuated here Podolsk Needle Plant, which also remained the only one in the whole country.
Both of these productions in Artie exist to this day, and has become not only a symbol of this village, but also glorified it as the only one in Russia that takes place in Artie since 2011.