Modern science divides all nature into living and nonliving. At first glance, this division may seem simple, but sometimes it is quite difficult to decide whether a particular one is really alive or not. Everyone knows that the main properties, signs of living things are growth and reproduction. Most scientists use seven life processes or signs of living organisms that distinguish them from inanimate nature.
What is typical for all living things
All living things:
- Consist of cells.
- They have different levels of cellular organization. Tissue is a group of cells that perform common function... An organ is a group of tissues that perform a common function. An organ system is a group of organs that perform a common function. An organism is any living being in a complex.
- They use the energy of the Earth and the Sun, which they need for life and growth.
- React to the environment. Behavior is a complex set of reactions.
- Are growing. Cell division is the orderly formation of new cells that grow to a certain size and then divide.
- They multiply. Reproduction is not essential for the survival of individual organisms, but it is essential for the survival of the entire species. All living things reproduce in one of the following ways: asexual (production of offspring without the use of gametes), sexual (production of offspring by combining sex cells).
- Adapt and adapt to environmental conditions.
The main signs of living organisms
- Motion. All living things can move and change their position. This is more evident in animals that can walk and run, and less evident in plants, parts of which can move to track the movement of the sun. Sometimes the movement can be so slow that it is very difficult to see it.
- Breathing is a chemical reaction that takes place inside a cell. It is the process of releasing energy from nutrients in all living cells.
- Sensitivity is the ability to detect changes in the environment. All living things are able to respond to stimuli such as light, temperature, water, gravity, and so on.
- Growth. All living things are growing. The constant increase in the number of cells and body size is called growth.
- Reproduction - the ability to reproduce and transmit genetic information to their offspring.
- Excretion - getting rid of waste and toxins. As a result of many chemical reactionsflowing in cells, it is necessary to get rid of metabolic products that can poison cells.
- Nutrition - consumption and use nutrients (proteins, carbohydrates and fats) required for growth, tissue repair and energy. Have different types living beings this happens in different ways.
All living things are made of cells
What are the main traits The first thing that makes living organisms unique is that they are all made up of cells that are considered the building blocks of life. Cells are amazing, despite their small size, they can work together to form large body structures such as tissues and organs. Cells are also specialized - for example, liver cells are located in the organ of the same name, while brain cells function only in the head.
Some organisms are made of just one cell, like many bacteria, while others are made up of trillions of cells, like humans. are very complex creatures with incredible cellular organization. This organization starts with DNA and extends to the entire body.
Reproduction
The main signs of a living (biology describes this even in the school course) also include such a concept as reproduction. How do all living organisms get to the Earth? They do not appear out of thin air, but through reproduction. There are two main ways of producing offspring. The first is the well-known sexual reproduction. This is when organisms produce offspring by combining their gametes. Humans and many animals fall into this category.
Another type of reproduction is asexual: organisms produce offspring without gametes. Unlike sexual reproduction, where the offspring has a different genetic makeup, not the same as that of either parent, the asexual method produces offspring that are genetically identical to their parent.
Growth and development
The main signs of the living also imply growth and development. When offspring are born, they don't stay that way forever. The person himself can be an excellent example. People change as they grow, and the more time passes, the more noticeable these differences are. If we compare an adult and a baby with whom he once came into this world, then the differences are simply colossal. Organisms grow and develop throughout life, but these two terms (growth and development) do not mean the same thing.
Growth is when size changes, from small to large. For example, with age, all organs of a living organism grow: fingers, eyes, heart, and so on. Development implies the possibility of change or transformation. This process begins even before birth, when the first cell appears.
Energy
Growth, development, cellular processes and even reproduction can occur only if living organisms accept and can use energy, which is also included in the main features of a living being. All life energies ultimately come from the sun, and this force energizes everything on Earth. Many living organisms, such as plants and some algae, use the sun to produce their own food.
The process of converting sunlight into chemical energy is called photosynthesis, and the organisms that can produce it are called autotrophs. However, many organisms cannot create food for themselves and therefore have to feed on other living organisms for energy and nutrients. Organisms that feed on other organisms are called heterotrophs.
Responsiveness
When listing the main features of living nature, it is important to note the fact that all living organisms are inherent in the ability to respond in a certain way to various environmental stimuli. This means that any change in the environment triggers certain reactions in the body. For example, such as the Venus flytrap, will slam its bloodthirsty petals quite quickly if an unsuspecting fly lands there. If possible, the turtle will come out to bask in the sun, and not remain in the shade. When a person hears a rumbling in his stomach, he will go to the refrigerator to make a sandwich, and so on.
Irritants can be external (outside the human body) or internal (inside the body), and they help living organisms to maintain balance. They are represented as various senses in the body, such as sight, taste, smell and touch. The speed of response can vary from organism to organism.
Homeostasis
The main signs of living organisms include regulation called homeostasis. For example, temperature regulation is very important for all living things, because body temperature affects such an important process as metabolism. When the body gets too cold, these processes slow down and the body can die. The opposite happens if the body overheats, the processes are accelerated, and all this leads to the same destructive consequences.
What do living things have in common? They must have all the basic characteristics of a living organism. For example, a cloud can grow in size and move from one place to another, but it is not a living organism, since it does not have all of the above characteristics.
1. Living organisms are an important component of the biosphere. Cellular structure is a characteristic feature of all organisms, with the exception of viruses. The presence in the cells of the plasma membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus. Feature of bacteria: the absence of a formed nucleus, mitochondria, chloroplasts. Features of plants: the presence in the cell of a cell wall, chloroplasts, vacuoles with cell sap, autotrophic nutrition. Features of animals: the absence of chloroplasts in the cells, vacuoles with cell sap, cellulose membranes, heterotrophic diet.
2. The presence in the composition of living organisms organic matter: sugar, starch, fat, protein, nucleic acids and inorganic substances: water and mineral salts. The similarity of chemical composition in representatives of different kingdoms of living nature.
3. Metabolism is the main sign of living things, including nutrition, respiration, transport of substances, their transformation and the creation of substances and structures of one's own organism from them, the release of energy in some processes and use in others, the release of end products of vital activity. Exchange of substances and energy with the environment.
4. Reproduction, reproduction of offspring is a sign of living organisms. The development of a daughter organism from one cell (zygote during sexual reproduction) or a group of cells (during vegetative reproduction) of the mother organism. The importance of reproduction in increasing the number of individuals of the species, their dispersal and development of new territories, maintaining the similarity and continuity between parents and offspring over many generations.
5. Heredity and variability are the properties of organisms. Heredity is the property of organisms to pass on their inherent structural and developmental features to their offspring. Examples of heredity: birch plants grow from birch seeds, kittens similar to their parents are born in a cat. Variability is the emergence of new traits in the offspring. Examples of variability: birch plants grown from the seeds of a mother plant of one generation differ in the length and color of the trunk, the number of leaves, etc.
6. Irritability is a property of living organisms. The ability of organisms to perceive stimuli from the environment and in accordance with them to coordinate their activities, behavior is a complex of adaptive motor reactions that arise in response to various stimuli from the environment. Features of animal behavior. Reflexes and elements of the rational activity of animals. Behavior of plants, bacteria, fungi: different forms of movement - tropisms, nastia, taxis.
Only the complex of all the listed characteristics characterizes living organisms.
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Answer to the first question:
Distinctive features of living organisms.
1. Living organisms are an important component of the biosphere. Cellular structure is a characteristic feature of all organisms, with the exception of viruses. The presence in the cells of the plasma membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus. Feature of bacteria: the absence of a formed nucleus, mitochondria, chloroplasts. Features of plants: the presence in the cell of a cell wall, chloroplasts, vacuoles with cell sap, autotrophic nutrition. Features of animals: the absence of chloroplasts in the cells, vacuoles with cell sap, cellulose membranes, heterotrophic diet.
2. The presence of organic substances in the composition of living organisms: sugar, starch, fat, protein, nucleic acids and inorganic substances: water and mineral salts. The similarity of chemical composition in representatives of different kingdoms of living nature.
3. Metabolism is the main sign of living things, including nutrition, respiration, transport of substances, their transformation and the creation of substances and structures of one's own organism from them, the release of energy in some processes and use in others, the release of end products of vital activity. Exchange of substances and energy with the environment.
4. Reproduction, reproduction of offspring is a sign of living organisms. The development of a daughter organism from one cell (zygote during sexual reproduction) or a group of cells (during vegetative reproduction) of the mother organism. The importance of reproduction in increasing the number of individuals of the species, their dispersal and development of new territories, maintaining the similarity and continuity between parents and offspring over many generations.
5. Heredity and variability are the properties of organisms. Heredity is the property of organisms to pass on their inherent structural and developmental features to their offspring. Examples of heredity: birch plants grow from birch seeds, kittens similar to their parents are born in a cat. Variability is the emergence of new traits in the offspring. Examples of variability: birch plants grown from the seeds of a mother plant of one generation differ in the length and color of the trunk, the number of leaves, etc.
6. Irritability is a property of living organisms. The ability of organisms to perceive stimuli from the environment and in accordance with them to coordinate their activities, behavior is a complex of adaptive motor reactions that arise in response to various stimuli from the environment. Features of animal behavior. Reflexes and elements of the rational activity of animals. Behavior of plants, bacteria, fungi: different forms of movement - tropisms, nastia, taxis.
Signs of living organisms?
- He seems to have drunk himself up and died, does not react, but no: if you kick with your foot, he still curses. It means - alive. What is not a microorganism?
- there are a lot of them
- there are a lot of them
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Only a complex of all the listed characteristics characterizes living organisms
- Differences between living nature and inanimate
1. Living organisms are an important component of the biosphere. Cellular structure is a characteristic feature of all organisms, with the exception of viruses. The presence in the cells of the plasma membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus. Feature of bacteria: the absence of a formed nucleus, mitochondria, chloroplasts. Features of plants: the presence in the cell of a cell wall, chloroplasts, vacuoles with cell sap, autotrophic nutrition. Features of animals: the absence of chloroplasts in the cells, vacuoles with cell sap, cellulose membranes, heterotrophic diet.
2. The presence of organic substances in the composition of living organisms: sugar, starch, fat, protein, nucleic acids and inorganic substances: water and mineral salts. The similarity of chemical composition in representatives of different kingdoms of living nature.
3. Metabolism is the main sign of living things, including nutrition, respiration, transport of substances, their transformation and the creation of substances and structures of one's own organism from them, the release of energy in some processes and use in others, the release of end products of vital activity. Exchange of substances and energy with the environment.
4. Reproduction, reproduction of offspring is a sign of living organisms. The development of a daughter organism from one cell (zygote during sexual reproduction) or a group of cells (during vegetative reproduction) of the mother organism. The importance of reproduction in increasing the number of individuals of the species, their dispersal and development of new territories, maintaining the similarity and continuity between parents and offspring over many generations.
5. Heredity and variability of the properties of organisms. Heredity is the property of organisms to transmit their inherent structural and developmental features to offspring. Examples of heredity: birch plants grow from birch seeds, kittens similar to their parents are born in a cat. Variability is the emergence of new characters in offspring. Examples of variability: birch plants grown from the seeds of a mother plant of one generation differ in the length and color of the trunk, the number of leaves, etc.
6. Irritability is a property of living organisms. The ability of organisms to perceive stimuli from the environment and in accordance with them to coordinate their activities, behavior is a complex of adaptive motor reactions that arise in response to various stimuli from the environment. Features of animal behavior. Reflexes and elements of the rational activity of animals. Behavior of plants, bacteria, fungi: different forms of movement of tropism, nastia, taxis.
- grab the tail - it meows!
- Distinctive features of living organisms.
1. Living organisms are an important component of the biosphere. Cellular structure is a characteristic feature of all organisms, with the exception of viruses. The presence in the cells of the plasma membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus. Feature of bacteria: the absence of a formed nucleus, mitochondria, chloroplasts. Features of plants: the presence in the cell of a cell wall, chloroplasts, vacuoles with cell sap, autotrophic nutrition. Features of animals: the absence of chloroplasts in the cells, vacuoles with cell sap, cellulose membranes, heterotrophic diet.
2. The presence of organic substances in the composition of living organisms: sugar, starch, fat, protein, nucleic acids and inorganic substances: water and mineral salts. The similarity of chemical composition in representatives of different kingdoms of living nature.
3. Metabolism is the main sign of living things, including nutrition, respiration, transport of substances, their transformation and the creation of substances and structures of one's own organism from them, the release of energy in some processes and use in others, the release of end products of vital activity. Exchange of substances and energy with the environment.
4. Reproduction, reproduction of offspring is a sign of living organisms. The development of a daughter organism from one cell (zygote during sexual reproduction) or a group of cells (during vegetative reproduction) of the mother organism. The importance of reproduction in increasing the number of individuals of the species, their dispersal and development of new territories, maintaining the similarity and continuity between parents and offspring over many generations.
5. Heredity and variability of the properties of organisms. Heredity is the property of organisms to transmit their inherent structural and developmental features to offspring. Examples of heredity: birch plants grow from birch seeds, kittens similar to their parents are born in a cat. Variability is the emergence of new characters in offspring. Examples of variability: birch plants grown from the seeds of a mother plant of one generation differ in the length and color of the trunk, the number of leaves, etc.
6. Irritability is a property of living organisms. The ability of organisms to perceive stimuli from the environment and in accordance with them to coordinate their activities, behavior is a complex of adaptive motor reactions that arise in response to various stimuli from the environment. Features of animal behavior. Reflexes and elements of the rational activity of animals. Behavior of plants, bacteria, fungi: different forms of movement of tropism, nastia, taxis.
- when and who first studied the cage
- Breath
- i do not know
- Differences between living nature and inanimate
1. Living organisms are an important component of the biosphere. Cellular structure is a characteristic feature of all organisms, with the exception of viruses. The presence in the cells of the plasma membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus. Feature of bacteria: the absence of a formed nucleus, mitochondria, chloroplasts. Features of plants: the presence in the cell of a cell wall, chloroplasts, vacuoles with cell sap, autotrophic nutrition. Features of animals: the absence of chloroplasts in the cells, vacuoles with cell sap, cellulose membranes, heterotrophic diet.
2. The presence of organic substances in the composition of living organisms: sugar, starch, fat, protein, nucleic acids and inorganic substances: water and mineral salts. The similarity of chemical composition in representatives of different kingdoms of living nature.
3. Metabolism is the main sign of living things, including nutrition, respiration, transport of substances, their transformation and the creation of substances and structures of one's own organism from them, the release of energy in some processes and use in others, the release of end products of vital activity. Exchange of substances and energy with the environment.
4. Reproduction, reproduction of offspring is a sign of living organisms. The development of a daughter organism from one cell (zygote during sexual reproduction) or a group of cells (during vegetative reproduction) of the mother organism. The importance of reproduction in increasing the number of individuals of the species, their dispersal and development of new territories, maintaining the similarity and continuity between parents and offspring over many generations.
5. Heredity and variability of the properties of organisms. Heredity is the property of organisms to transmit their inherent structural and developmental features to offspring. Examples of heredity: birch plants grow from birch seeds, kittens similar to their parents are born in a cat. Variability is the emergence of new characters in offspring. Examples of variability: birch plants grown from the seeds of a mother plant of one generation differ in the length and color of the trunk, the number of leaves, etc.
6. Irritability is a property of living organisms. The ability of organisms to perceive stimuli from the environment and in accordance with them to coordinate their activities, behavior is a complex of adaptive motor reactions that arise in response to various stimuli from the environment. Features of animal behavior. Reflexes and elements of the rational activity of animals. Behavior of plants, bacteria, fungi: different forms of movement of tropism, nastia, taxis.
Only the complex of all the listed characteristics characterizes living organisms.
a characteristic characteristic of all living organisms? and got the best answer
Answer from Stein 777 [active]
Nutrition with ready-made substances (G)
Answer from 2 answers[guru]
Hello! Here is a selection of topics with answers to your question: is it a characteristic characteristic of all living organisms?
Answer from Eva Mother[guru]
B seems)
Answer from Kukuev Kukui[guru]
metabolism.
Answer from Jack Daniel "s[guru]
Metabolism
Answer from Єilipp Biryukov[active]
Answer: B
Answer from Sacred[newbie]
c) active movement
Answer from rustam mutalipov[guru]
exact answer b)
Answer from POKER[guru]
Signs of living organisms:
1. Cellular structure is a characteristic feature of all organisms, with the exception of viruses. The presence in the cells of the plasma membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus.
2. The presence of organic substances in the composition of living organisms: sugar, starch, fat, protein, nucleic acids and inorganic substances: water and mineral salts.
3. Metabolism and energy is the main sign of living things, including nutrition, respiration, transport of substances, their transformation and the creation of substances and structures of one's own organism from them, the release of energy in some processes and use in others, the release of final waste products.
4. Reproduction, reproduction of offspring The importance of reproduction in increasing the number of individuals of the species, their dispersal and development of new territories, maintaining the similarity and continuity between parents and offspring in a series of many generations.
5. Heredity and variability. Heredity is the property of organisms to pass on their inherent structural and developmental features to their offspring. Examples of heredity: birch plants grow from birch seeds, kittens similar to their parents are born in a cat. Variability is the emergence of new traits in the offspring. Examples of variability: birch plants grown from the seeds of a mother plant of one generation differ in the length and color of the trunk, the number of leaves, etc.
6. Irritability. Organisms are able to specifically respond to environmental changes and coordinate their behavior in accordance with them.
Answer from Diana ivanova[newbie]
metabolism
Answer from Aziza Pulatova[newbie]
Distinctive features of living organisms. 1. Living organisms are an important component of the biosphere. Cellular structure is a characteristic feature of all organisms, with the exception of viruses. The presence in the cells of the plasma membrane, cytoplasm, nucleus. Feature of bacteria: the absence of a formed nucleus, mitochondria, chloroplasts. Features of plants: the presence in the cell of a cell wall, chloroplasts, vacuoles with cell sap, autotrophic nutrition. Features of animals: the absence of chloroplasts in the cells, vacuoles with cell sap, cellulose membranes, heterotrophic diet. 2. The presence of organic substances in the composition of living organisms: sugar, starch, fat, protein, nucleic acids and inorganic substances: water and mineral salts. The similarity of chemical composition in representatives of different kingdoms of living nature. 3. Metabolism is the main sign of living things, including nutrition, respiration, transport of substances, their transformation and the creation of substances and structures of one's own organism from them, the release of energy in some processes and use in others, the release of end products of vital activity. Exchange of substances and energy with the environment. 4. Reproduction, reproduction of offspring is a sign of living organisms. The development of a daughter organism from one cell (zygote during sexual reproduction) or a group of cells (during vegetative reproduction) of the mother organism. The importance of reproduction in increasing the number of individuals of the species, their dispersal and development of new territories, maintaining the similarity and continuity between parents and offspring over many generations. 5. Heredity and variability are the properties of organisms. Heredity is the property of organisms to pass on their inherent structural and developmental features to their offspring. Examples of heredity: birch plants grow from birch seeds, kittens similar to their parents are born in a cat. Variability is the emergence of new traits in the offspring. Examples of variability: birch plants grown from the seeds of a parent plant of one generation differ in the length and color of the trunk, the number of leaves, etc. 6. Irritability is a property of living organisms. The ability of organisms to perceive stimuli from the environment and in accordance with them to coordinate their activities, behavior is a complex of adaptive motor reactions that arise in response to various stimuli from the environment. Features of animal behavior. Reflexes and elements of the rational activity of animals. Behavior of plants, bacteria, fungi: different forms of movement - tropisms, nastia, taxis. You can choose the most basic. And the correct answer under the letter: B) metabolism.