Russian-Spanish phrasebook: how to explain yourself in an unfamiliar country. Popular phrases and expressions for travelers.
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Spanish or Castilian (español, castellano) is the third most popular language in the world, an Ibero-Romance language that originated in the medieval kingdom of Castile. Spanish is spoken by about 500 million people in more than 40 countries around the world.
They say that Spanish is easy enough to learn, it has about 60% Anglo-Saxon roots. Spanish words are read exactly as they are written and vowels are never reduced, that is, they do not change their sound.
Knowledge of Spanish is extremely beneficial, knowing the basics of this sunny language, you can understand several others at once foreign languages: for example, Portuguese (a little more lisping), Italian, and even a little French.
For the Russian ear in Spanish there are many words that cause at least a smile. For example, "uevo duro" is nothing more than "boiled egg". And, excuse me, “Negro Trache” - “Black Costume”. And in Spanish, charming punctuation marks are exclamatory and interrogative. They are necessarily placed at the beginning and at the end of the sentence, and in the first case - upside down.
- Like this?
- And like this!
Greetings, common expressions |
|
| Hello, good afternoon / hello | Buenos Dias/Ola! |
| Good evening | Buenos tardes |
| Goodbye, bye | adios |
| Thank you very much | muchas gracias |
| Sorry | Perdoneme |
| How are you? | Como esta usted? |
| OK, thank you | Mui bien, and usted |
| Do you speak Russian? | Abla usted ruso? |
| Please | Por favor |
| I don't understand | But comprendo |
| Puede usted ablar mas despacio? | |
| Could you repeat this? | Podria usted rapetir eso? |
| Please write it | Por favour, escribalo |
| Yes | Xi |
| No | But |
| Good | Bueno |
| Bad | Few |
| Enough / Enough | Bastante |
For the good of the cause |
|
| Where is the nearest exchange office? | Donde esta la officeina de cambio mas sercana? |
| Can you change these travelers checks? | Puede cambiarme estos chekes de viajero? |
| I'm sorry, the polite form of "Hey, you!" | Perdon |
| ok, it fits | Bale |
| I love you | Yo te amo |
Standard phrases |
|
| Cold | Frio |
| Hot | Caliente |
| Small | Paqueño |
| Big | grande |
| What? | Ke? |
| There | Ayi |
| Here | Aki |
| How much time? | Ke ora es? |
| I don't understand | But entiendo |
| I'm really sorry | Losiento |
| Can you speak slowly? | Mas-despacio, por-favor? |
| Do you speak English/Russian? | Abla ingles/rruso? |
| How to get/get to..? | Pordonde se-va a ..? |
| How are you? | Ke tal? |
| Very good | mui bien |
| Thank you | Gracias |
| Please | Por favor |
| How are you doing? | Ketal? |
| Thank you excellent | Mui bien, gracias. |
| And you? | Yuste? |
| Very nice to meet you | Encantado/encantada |
| See you later! | Asta pronto! |
| Where is/are..? | Dondesta/dondestan..? |
| How many meters/kilometers from here to..? | Kuantos metros/kilometros ah de-aki ah..? |
| Hot | Caliente |
| Cold | Frio |
| Elevator | Assensor |
| Toilet | Servisio |
| Closed | Cerrado |
| Open | Avierto |
| No smoking | Proivido fumar |
| Exit | Salida |
| Why? | Spanking? |
| Entrance | entrada |
| closed/closed | Serrado |
| Fine | Bien |
| open/open | abierto |
Numbers and numbers |
|
| Zero | Sero |
| One | Uno |
| Two | dos |
| Three | Tres |
| Four | Quattro |
| Five | Cinco |
| Six | Sayes |
| Seven | Siete |
| Eight | Ocho |
| Nine | Nueve |
| Ten | Diez |
| Twenty | Veinte |
| Thirty | Treinta |
| Fourty | Carenta |
| Fifty | Synquanta |
| Sixty | Sesenta |
| Seventy | satanta |
| Eighty | Ochenta |
| Ninety | Noventa |
| One hundred | Siento |
| Five hundred | Kinientos |
| Thousand | Miles |
| Million | Un a million |
Shops, restaurants |
|
| Do you have a table for two (three, four) people? | Tienen unamesa para-dos (tres, cuatro) personas? |
| Waiter! | Camarero! |
| The check, please | La cuenta, por favor |
| Do you accept credit cards? | Aseptan tarhetas decredito? |
| Can I measure this? | Puedo probarmelo? |
| How much does it cost? | Quanto quest esto? |
| Too expensive | Mui caro |
| Give it to me please | Demelo, por favor |
| Show me... | Enseneme... |
| I would like to... | Kisier... |
| Sale | Rebajas |
| Please write it | Por favor escribalo |
| What else would you recommend? | Me puede recomendar algo mas? |
| Can you make a tax-exempt purchase? | Usted puede formalisar la compra libre de impuestos? |
| Do you have a larger size? | Tiene una taya mas |
| Red wine | Wine tinto |
| Pink wine | Wine rrosado |
| White wine | Wine blanco |
| Vinegar | Vinagre |
| Cake/Pie | Tarta |
| Soup | sopa |
| Sauce | salsa |
| Cheese | Kaso |
| Salt | sal |
| sausages | Salchichas |
| Bread | Pan |
| Butter | Mantequiya |
| Milk | Leche |
| Egg | uevo |
| Ice cream | Elado |
| Fish | Pascado |
| Meat | carnet |
| Dinner | La sena |
| Dinner | La comida/el almuerzo |
| Breakfast | El desayuno |
| Menu | La carte / el manu |
| Waitress | Camarero / Camarera |
On the road |
|
| Where can I get a taxi? | Donde puedo coher un taxi? |
| Take me to this address | Lieveme a estas senyas |
| ...to the airport | ...al aeropuerto |
| ...to the train station | ...a la estacion de ferrocarril |
| ...to the hotel | ...al hotel |
| Stop here please | Pare aki, por favor |
| Could you please wait for me? | Puede esperarme, por favor? |
| I want to rent a car | Quiero alkylar un coche |
| Does the rental price include insurance? | El precio inclue el seguro? |
| Can I leave the car at the airport? | Puedo dejar el coche en el aeropuerto? |
| Right | A la derecha |
| Left | A la ischierda |
| What's the rate to...? | Quanto es la tarifa huh? |
Hotel |
|
| Do you have a free room? | Tieneng unabitacion libre? |
| Could you reserve a room? | Godria rezervarme una habitasyon? |
| 2 (3, 4, 5-) star | De dos (tres, cuatro, cinco) estreyas |
| Hotel | El hotel |
| I have reserved a room | Tengo una-habitacion rreservada |
| Key | la yave |
| receptionist | El botones |
| Room with Square/Palace View | Habitacion que da a la plaza/al palacio |
| Room overlooking the courtyard | Habitacion que da al pacho |
| Room with bath | Habitacion con bagno |
| Single Room | Habitation individual |
| Double Room | Habitacion con dos camas |
| With double bed | Konkama de matrimonio |
| Two bedroom suite | Habitacion doble |
Orientation in the city |
|
| Railway station / train station | La estacion de trenes |
| Bus station | La estacion de autobuses |
| Tourist Office | La officeina de turismo |
| City hall / town hall | El ayuntamiento |
| Library | La libraryteca |
| A park | El park |
| Garden | El hardin |
| Tower | La torre |
| Street | la caye |
| Square | la plaza |
| Monastery | El monasterio/el combento |
| Castle | El palacio |
| Lock | El castillo |
| Museum | El Museo |
| basilica | la basilica |
| Art Gallery | El Museo delarte |
| Cathedral | la cathedral |
| Temple | La iglesia |
| Tourist agency | La-ahensia de vyahes |
| Shoe shop | La sapateria |
| Supermarket | El supermercado |
| hypermarket | El hypermercado |
| Newsstand | El chiosco de prensa |
| los correos | |
| Market | El mercado |
| Salon | la pelukeria |
| How much are the tickets? | Quanto valen las entradas? |
| Where can you buy tickets? | Donde se puede comprar entradas? |
| When is the museum open? | Cuando se abre el museo? |
| Where is? | Donde esta? |
| How much do I owe you? | Quanto le debo? |
| Where is the post office? | Donde estan correos? |
| down/down | Abajo |
| Top/top | Arriba |
| Far | Lehos |
| near/near | Sirka |
| Directly | Todo-rrecto |
| Left | A la izquierda |
| Right | A la derecha |
| Left/th | Izquierdo / Izquierda |
| Right/th | Derecho / Derecha |
Swearing in Spanish |
|
| Damn it! | Caramba! |
| Thousand devils! | Con mi diablos! |
| dumbass | Troncos |
Emergencies |
|
| Where is the nearest telephone? | Dondesta el telefono mas proximo? |
| Call the fire department! | Yame a los bomberos! |
| Call the police! | Yame a-lapolisia! |
| Call an ambulance! | Yame a-unambulansya! |
| Call a doctor! | Yame a-umediko |
| Help! | Socorro! |
| Stop! (stop!) | Pare! |
| Pharmacy | Pharmacy |
| Doctor | Medico |
Dates and times |
|
| Tomorrow | Manyana |
| Today | Oh |
| Morning | la magnana |
| Evening | La tarde |
| Yesterday | Ayer |
| When | Kuando? |
| Late | Arde |
| Early | Temprano |
| Monday | Lunes |
| Tuesday | Martes |
| Wednesday | miercoles |
| Thursday | Hueves |
| Friday | Biernes |
| Saturday | Sabado |
| Sunday | Domingo |
| January | Enero |
| February | Fabrero |
| March | Marceau |
| April | Abril |
| May | Mayo |
| June | Junio |
| July | Julio |
| August | Agosto |
| September | Septiembre |
| October | Octubre |
| November | Noviembre |
| December | Disembre |
Speech irregularities |
|
| Letter | Map |
| giving | Gift |
| Desert | dessert |
| First | Example |
We have compiled a Spanish tourist phrasebook so that you can use simple combinations of words to form a simple question and understand a simple answer. With the help of our phrasebook, you will not be able to participate in a philosophical discussion or discuss an event.
In our Russian-Spanish phrasebook, intended for tourists, we have collected those words and expressions that we ourselves used. Just what you need to communicate.
Hasta la vista, baby!
I must say right away that Galya and I do not speak Spanish, only spoken English. But before the trip, as always, we learned phrases that help simple communications.
Some, of course, we knew. Among such well-known phrases were the famous words: “Hasta la vista, baby.” Naively, we believed that this was a common farewell. Many Spanish phrasebooks we found on the Internet reported that "Hasta la vista" is "goodbye."
Naturally, we applied our “knowledge of Spanish” at the first opportunity. Imagine our amazement when the owner of the house in Santander, where we booked a pretty room on the second floor, turned pale and agitated. We were going for a walk around the city and said goodbye to him in the way we know - "Hasta la vista". Instead of "baby" we, of course, inserted his name.
Deciding that our pronunciation was not clear enough, we once again said goodbye together. This time more clearly and loudly, so that the Spaniard understood us for sure.
He was stunned and began to ask what we did not like so much in his house. I had to resort to the application described above.
Soon we learned that we were saying goodbye to the owner forever. He decided that we would never return...
Conclusion: Spaniards almost never use this phrase. Here's "goodbye" to you! Just say "Adios!" And, of course, smile)
Another useful word that we often heard from the Spaniards when asked how to get to a boring place for us is “rotonda”.
Rotunda - a place on the road where a roundabout is made. We have more common intersections, and in Spain - roundabouts (thus they get rid of unnecessary traffic lights). Naturally, it is more convenient to indicate the direction in which Galya and I are moving from some point. In 80% it was a rotunda (circle).
I must say that even with a map of the city in hand, it is not easy to navigate in Spain, because. they very rarely write street names on houses. The most convenient in this regard is Germany. In Germany, street names are on every pole and with directions.
Check . You need to know at least a little the names of the numbers. It is best to have a notepad and pen handy. When you buy something, calmly ask to write down the cost in a notebook.
The phrase "speak slower, I don't understand Spanish well" helps.
Another personal observation. In Russia, we often turn to strangers with the words: “Excuse me ... or Excuse me, how can I get through ...” In Spanish, the word por favor (por favor) - please recommend using before contacting. For example, on the street. "Por favor (please, in our sense," excuse me please), and then the question is how to get to Torres Street (for example).
We have noticed that almost all Spaniards exclaim "¡Hola!" (Ola). But beggars and beggars, just addressing, pronounce "porfavor". Maybe Galya and I came across such polite beggars, maybe we were just lucky and this is an accident, but we decided to pronounce the word “por favor” in specific situations - in a store or in personal communication, already in the process of communication, and on the street turn to people with the greeting "¡Hola!" But this is only our observation.
Friends, now we are in Telegram: our channel about Europe, our channel about Asia. Welcome)
How to learn Spanish in a week
Recently found a funny video showing how you can learn Spanish in a week. The results are amazing!
Russian Spanish phrasebook for tourists
Required words
Spanish greetings
| Hello! | hola | ola |
| Good morning | buenos dias | Buenos dias |
| Good afternoon | buen dia | buen dia |
| Good evening | Buenas tardes | Buenas tardes |
| Good night | buenas nights | buenas noches |
| Bye see you) | adios | adios |
| See you later | hasta luego | asta luego |
| How are you doing? | como esta usted? | komo esta usted? |
| Great (great). And you? | Muy bien. Y usted? | Mui bien. And usted? |
Difficulties in understanding
| I don't understand | no comprendo | But comprendo |
| I'm lost | Me he perdido | Me e perdido |
| I understand | Comprendo | comprendo |
| You understand? | ¿ Comprende usted? | Comprende usted? |
| May I ask you? | ¿Le puedo preguntar? | Le puedo preguntar? |
| Can you speak slowly? | ¿Podria usted hablar más despacio? | Podria usted ablar mas despacio? Mas despacio, porfavor (short version). |
| Please repeat | Repitan por favor | Rapitan por favor |
| Can you write it? | ¿Me lo puede escribir? | Me le puede escrivir? |
In the city
| Railway station / train station | La estacion de trenes | La estacion de trenes |
| Bus station | La estacion de autobuses | La estacion de autobuses |
| Tourist office or tourist information | La oficina de turismo | La officeina de turismo or Tourist information |
| City hall / town hall | El ayuntamiento | El ayuntamiento |
| Library | La biblioteca | La libraryteca |
| A park | El parque | El park |
| Garden | El jardin | El hardin |
| city wall | La muralla | La muraya |
| Tower | la torre | La torre |
| Street | La calle | la caye |
| Square | La Plaza | la plaza |
| Monastery | El monasterio / el convento | El monasterio / el combento |
| House | La casa | La casa |
| Castle | El palacio | El palacio |
| Lock | El castillo | El castillo |
| Museum | El Museo | El Museo |
| basilica | La basilica | la basilica |
| Art Gallery | El museo del arte | El Museo delarte |
| Cathedral | La catedral | la cathedral |
| Church | La iglesia | La iglesia |
| Tobacconist's | Los tabacos | Los tabacos |
| Tourist agency | La agencia de viajes | La-ahensia de vyahes |
| Shoe shop | La zapateria | La sapateria |
| Supermarket | El supermercado | El supermercado |
| hypermarket | El hipermercado | El hypermercado |
| Market | El Mercado | El mercado |
| Salon | La peluqueria | la pelukeria |
| How much are the tickets? | Cuanto valen las entradas? | Quanto valen las entradas? |
| Where can you buy tickets? | Donde se puede comprar entradas? | Donde se puede comprar entradas? |
| When is the museum open? | Cuando se abre el museo? | Cuando se abre el museo? |
| Where is? | Donde esta? | Donde esta? |
Taxi
| Where can I get a taxi? | Donde puedo tomar un taxi? | Donde puedo tomar un taxi |
| What's the rate to...? | Cuanto es la tarifa a...? | Quanto es la tari... |
| Take me to this address | Lleveme a estas senas | Lieveme a estas senyas |
| Take me to the airport | Lleveme al Aeropuerto | Lleveme al Aeropuerto |
| Take me to the train station | Lleveme a la estacion de ferrocarril | Lleveme a la estación de ferrocarril |
| Take me to the hotel | Lleveme al hotel... | Lievame al hotel |
| near/near | Cerca | Sirka |
| Far | Lejos | Lehos |
| Directly | Todo recto | Todo-rrecto |
| Left | a la izquierda | A la ischierda |
| Right | a la derecha | A la derecha |
| Stop here please | Pare aqui, por favor | Pare aka por favor |
| Could you please wait for me? | Puede esperarme, por favor | Puede esperarme porfavor |
Hotel
| 2 (3, 4, 5-) star | De dos (tres, cuatro, cinco) estrellas) | De dos (tres, cuatro, cinco) estreyas |
| Hotel | El hotel | El hotel |
| I have reserved a room | Tengo una habitacion reservada | Tengo una-habitacion rreservada |
| Key | La llave | la yave |
| receptionist | El botones | El botones |
| Room with square/palace view | Habitacion que da a la plaza / al palacio | Habitacion que da a la plaza / al palacio |
| Room overlooking the courtyard | Habitacion que da al patio | Habitacion que da al pacho |
| Room with bath | Habitacion con bano | Habitacion con bagno |
| Single Room | Habitacion individual | Habitation individual |
| Double Room | Habitacion con dos camas | Habitacion con dos camas |
| With double bed | Con cama de matrimonio | Konkama de matrimonio |
| Two bedroom suite | Habitacion doble | Habitacion doble |
| Do you have a free room? | Tienen una habitacion libre? | Tieneng unabitacion libre? |
Shopping / Requests
| Could you give me this? | Puede darme esto? | Puede darme esto |
| Could you show me this? | Puede usted ensenarme esto? | Puede usted ensenyarme esto |
| Could you help me? | Puede usted ayudarme? | Puede usted ayudarme |
| I would like to... | Quisiera... | Kisier |
| Give it to me please | Demelo, por favor | Demelo por favor |
| show it to me | Ensenemelo | Ensenemelo |
| How much does it cost? | Cuanto cuesta esto? | Quanto questa esto |
| What is the price? | Cuanto es? | Quanto es |
| Too expensive | Muy caro | Mui caro |
| Sale | Rebajas | Rebajas |
| Can I measure this? | Puedo probarmelo? | Puedo probarmelo |
Restaurant/cafe/grocery store
Order/menu
| Dish of the day | El plateau del dia | El plateau del dia |
| Complex lunch | menu del dia | mainu del dia |
| Menu | La carta / el menu | La carta / el manu |
| Waiter / ka | Camarero/camarera | Camarero / Camarera |
| I am a vegetarian | soy vegetariano | Soi vekhetaryano. |
| I want to book a table. | Quiero reservar una mesa | Kyero rreservar una-mesa. |
| Do you have a table for two (three, four) people? | Tienen una mesa para dos (tres, cuatro) personas? | Tienen unamesa para-dos (tres, cuatro) personas? |
| The check, please. | La cuenta, por favor | La cuenta, por favor |
| Wine list | La carta de vinos | La carta de vinos |
| Beverages | Bebidas | babydas |
| Snacks | Los entremeses | Los Entremeses |
| Tapas/Snacks (National) | Tapas | Tapas |
| Breakfast | El desayuno | El desayuno |
| Dinner | La comida / el almuerzo | La comida / el almuerzo |
| First course | El primer plateau | El primer plateau |
| Soup | Sopa | sopa |
| Dinner | La cena | La sena |
| Dessert | El Postre | El postre |
Beverages
| Coffee | Cafe | cafe |
| Tea | Te | Tae |
| Water | Agua | Agua |
| Wine | Vino | Wine |
| Red wine | Vino tinto | Wine tinto |
| Pink wine | Vino rosado | Wine rrosado |
| White wine | Vino blanco | Wine blanco |
| Sherry | Jerez | Heres |
| Beer | Cerveza | Serves |
| Orange juice | Zumo de naranja | Sumo de naranha |
| Milk | Leche | Leche |
| Sugar | Azucar | Asucar |
Dishes
| Meat | carne | carnet |
| Veal | Ternera | Turner |
| Pork | Cerdo | cardo |
| semidone | Poco hecho | Poco echo |
| Properly fried | Muy hecho | Mui-echo |
| Vegetable stew | Menestra | Mainestra |
| Paella | Paella | Paella |
| Cake / pie | Tarta | Tarta |
| Cake(s) | pastels / pasteles | Pastel / pasteles |
| Ice cream | Helado | Elado |
Products
| Bread | Pan | Pan |
| Toast (fried bread) | Tostadas | Tostadas |
| Egg | Huevo | uevo |
| Butter | Mantequilla | Mantequiya |
| Cheese | Queso | Kaso |
| sausages | Salchichas | Salchichas |
| Smoked ham | Jamon Serrano | Jamon serrano |
| Apple(s) | Manzana/manzanas | Mansana / manzanas |
| orange(s) | Naranja / naranjas | Naranja / naranjas |
| Lemon | Lemon | Lemon |
| fruit / fruits | Fruta / frutas | Fruta |
| Dried fruits | frutos secos | Frutos sekos |
| Meat | carne | carnet |
| Veal | Ternera | Turner |
| Sauce | salsa | salsa |
| Vinegar | Vinagre | Vinagre |
| Salt | Sal | sal |
| Sugar | Azucar | Asucar |
Seafood
Dishes
Useful words
| Good | Bueno | Bueno |
| Bad | Little | Few |
| Enough / Enough | Bastante | Bastante, you can add the word - finita |
| Cold | Frio | Frio |
| Hot | Caliente | Caliente |
| Small | Pequeno | Paqueño |
| Big | Grande | grande |
| What? | Que? | Ke? |
| There | Alli | Ayi |
| Elevator | Ascensor | Assensor |
| Toilet | Servicio | Servisio |
| Closed/Closed | Cerrado | Cerrado |
| open/open | Abierto | Avierto |
| No smoking | Prohibido fumar | Proivido fumar |
| Entrance | Entrada | entrada |
| Exit | Salida | Salida |
| Why? | Porque? | Spanking? |
Check
Just in case, you should have a notebook on hand and write down the numbers, especially when it comes to payment. Write the amount, show, specify.
You can specify the numbers with the words:
| zero | cero | sero |
| one | uno | uno |
| two | dos | dos |
| three | tres | tres |
| four | cuatro | quattro |
| five | cinco | sinco |
| six | seis | seis |
| seven | siete | siete |
| eight | ocho | ocho |
| nine | new | Nueve |
| ten | diez | ten |
So, you can call your hotel room not 405 (four hundred and five), but by numbers: quattro, sero, cinco. You will be understood.
Dates and times
| When? | Cuando? | Kuando? |
| Tomorrow | Manana | Manyana |
| Today | Hoy | Oh |
| Yesterday | Ayer | Ayer |
| Late | Tardet | Arde |
| Early | Temprano | Temprano |
| Morning | La manana | la magnana |
| Evening | La tarde | La tarde |
Emergencies
| Call the fire department! | Llame a los bomberos! | Yame a los bomberos! |
| Call the police! | Llame a la police! | Yame a-lapolisia! |
| Call an ambulance! | Llame a una ambulancia! | Yame a-unambulansya! |
| Call a doctor! | Llame a un medico! | Yame a-umediko |
| Help! | Socorro! | Socorro! |
| Stop! (stop!) | Pare! | Pare! |
| Pharmacy | Farmacia | Pharmacy |
| Doctor | Medico | Medico |
Spanish Dialogue Example
Of course, during a conversation it is inconvenient to go into a phrasebook and read. Some words are worth learning. You can prepare questions in a notebook. In extreme cases, you can poke your finger into a printed phrasebook.
Here is an example of a dialogue compiled from this phrasebook:
- Ola (greeting)
- Me he perdido (I'm lost). Puede usted ayudarme? (could you help me?) Donde esta? (where is) La calle (street) …. Torres?
With this phrasebook you asked a question. Now the most important thing begins: you need to understand the answer.
1. Show the map of the city
2. If there is no map, take a notepad and a pen
3. Ask, feel free to:
— ¿Podria usted hablar más despacio? (Could you speak more slowly). No comprendo! (I don't understand). Repitan por favor (repeat please). ¿Me lo puede escribir? (Can you write it? In our case, draw it).
1. Ask again and clarify:
- Lejos (far?) Todo recto (straight?) A la izquierda (left?) A la derecha (right?)
2. Watch your hands and facial expressions
3. At the end, do not forget to say:
Muchas gracias (thank you very much). Adios (goodbye!)
Before going to Spain, Galya and I watched the lessons
« Polyglot. Spanish from scratch in 16 hours " (Channel "Culture")
Sincerely,
Currently, Spain is the country most frequently visited by Russian-speaking tourists. However, for some reason, the Spaniards are in no hurry to learn Russian, however, like English. In Barcelona, Madrid and major tourist cities it is quite possible to speak English, but if you want to see non-tourist Spain, be prepared for the fact that locals will only speak Spanish. Apparently, this is why most tourists either trustingly tie themselves to Russian-speaking hotel guides, or are constantly engaged in pantomime, communicating with the Spaniards :)
To make your stay more enjoyable and comfortable, try to memorize a few essential words and phrases in Spanish.
I want to warn you right away that Spanish may sound indecent for Russian speakers, but keep in mind that “h” is almost never read, two “ll” are read as “y”. For example,
- Huevo is Spanish for "webo" (egg)
- Huesos is read as "uEsos" (bones)
- Perdi - “perdI” (I lost) - from the verb perder (to lose)
- Dura - “fool” (lasts)
- Prohibir - “probIr” (prohibit)
- Debil - “debil” (weak) - often found on water bottles, means that the water is, for example, lightly carbonated.
- Llevar - “yebar” (to wear). Para llevar - "para yebar" (takeaway, for example, food in a takeaway cafe)
- Fallos - “fayOs” (errors)
So, let's go - the most useful words and phrases in Spanish!
Greetings, farewells in Spanish
In the photo: the faster you learn a few phrases in Spanish, the more pleasant you will be on vacation :)In Spain, to greet a person, you just need to call him Olya :)
It is written - Hola! Pronounced - a cross between "Ol I” and “Ol A”
A more formal greeting: “Good afternoon!” - Buenos dias! - pronounced "b" At enos d AND ace”
Good evening! — Buenas Tardes! - “buenas tardes” - is always used in the afternoon.
Good night! — Buenas Nights! - "buenas noches" (night) - consumed after 19 hours.
To say goodbye, Spaniards rarely say the famous, thanks to Arnold Schwarzenegger, phrase “hasta la vista” (see you later). Most often they will say: “see you soon!” – Hasta luego! – “Asta luEgo”
Well, or they say “goodbye (those)” - Adios - “adyos”
Tell the interlocutor your name, for example: “my name is Anton” - Me llamo Anton - “me yamo Anton”
You can say where you are from: “I am Russian / Russian” - Soy ruso / rusa - “soy ruso / rusa”
Daily words and phrases in Spanish, courtesy
Residents of Malgrad de Mar talking in the street Affirmative answer: yes - Si
No - No.
It’s more polite, of course, to say “no, thanks!” - No, gracias! – “but, gracias”
A very important word that always helps in Spain: "please" - por favor- "por favor"
And another "thank you" Gracias- “gracias” (in the middle of the word, the letter “c” is fuzzy and even lisping)
In response, you can hear: “no way!” - De nada - “de nada”
If we want to apologize, we say “I'm sorry” - Perdon - “perdOn”
Spaniards often respond to this: “everything is in order (nothing to worry about)!” - No pasa nada - “but pasa nada”
How to ask for directions in Spanish
To practice Spanish, ask the locals for directions Sometimes a tourist gets a little lost in the city. Then it's time to ask in Spanish:
where is…? – ?Donde esta…? – “Dongde estA?”
For example, if you are going to travel and can't find the bus station, learn the phrase in Spanish: "donde esta la parada de autobus?" Of course, a detailed answer in Spanish can be discouraging, but the Spaniard will most likely duplicate the direction with his hand :)
Street signs in the city of Figueres Here are some more useful spanish words indicating directions:
To the left - Izquierda - "Isquierda"
To the right - Derecha - "derEcha"
Straight - Recto - “recto”
In Spanish, "street" - Calle - "caye"
We ask where is the Rambla - ?Donde esta la calle Rambla? – “donde esta la caye rambla?”
We ask where is the beach - ?Donde esta la playa? – “Donde estA la playa?”
You can search for the embassy of the Russian Federation - “Where is the embassy of Russia?” – ?Donde esta la embajada de Rusia? – “Donde estA la EmbahAda de Rusia?”
Another useful line: “Where is the toilet?” – ?Donde estan los aseos? – “donde estan los asEos?”
Basic Spanish words for transport
To navigate along the way, the tourist still has to remember a dozen Spanish words. Schedule – Horario – “orArio”
Sale – Venta
Ticket (for transport) - Billete - “BiyEte” or “BilEte”. You can say "ticketE" - they also understand normally.
If you need a round trip ticket, the cashier needs to say: “Ida i Vuelta” - “Ida and vuelta”
Card (travel pass, subscription, it is also a bank card) - Tarjeta - “tarheta”
The next station is Proxima parada
Train - Tren - “tren”
Path, platform - Via - “bia”
Taxi / metro / bus - Taxi, metro, autobus - “taxi, metro, autobus”
Express your opinion or desire in Spanish
Advanced tourists very quickly begin to understand and speak Spanish I like! - Me gusta - “me gusta!”
I don't like! - No me gusta - “but me gusta!”
I would like (a) - Querria - “querria”
This is good! - Esta bien - “est bien!”)
Very good! - Muy bien - “muy bien!”
I don't want! - No quiero - “but quiero!”
Clarifications about mutual understanding + help
I don't speak Spanish - No hablo espanol - "but Ablo Español"
Do you speak Russian? - Habla ruso? – “Abla Russo?”
Speak English? – Habla ingles? “Abla Inglas?”
At first, this phrase will be the most popular: “I don’t understand” - No entiendo - “but entiendo”
The Spaniards very often confirm, they say, “Understood” - “Vale” - “Bala!”
"Help me please!" “Ayudeme, por favor!” - “AyudEme, por favor!”
Shopping, booking
In the photo: tourists are interested in the prices of souvenirs in Bilbao What it is? – ?Que es esto? – “ke es Esto?”
Basic phrase for shopping: “how much?” – ?Cuanto cuesta? – “cuAnto cuEsta?”)
If you are going to pay for the purchase with a bank card, it will be - Con tarjeta - “con tarheta”
Cash - Efectivo
Car - Coche - “koche”
Entrance (to any institution) - Entrada - “entrada”
Exit - Salida - "salida"
I booked a room - Tengo una reserva de la habitacion - "tengo una reserva de la habitacion"
If you need to spend the night, you can say: “two beds for this night” - Dos kamas por esta noche - “dos kamas por estA night”
Phrases in Spanish about food (in a restaurant, shop, market)
In the photo: a fragment of the menu in a small restaurant, Malgrad de Mar Sometimes when buying food in a cafeteria or bar, Spaniards ask: Do you take food “to go?” – Para levar? – “para yebar?”. If you want to eat in a cafe, then you can answer a short “No” and add: “I will eat here” - Para aquí - - “para akki”
I will order ... - Voy a tomar ... - “fight a tomar”
Bon appetit! — Buen provecho! - "buen provEcho". Or often just “provEcho!”
Hot - caliente - “caliente”
Warm up - calentar - “calentar”
The check, please! - La cuenta, por favor! – “la cuenta, por favour”
Meat - Carne - “carne”
Fish - Pescado
Chicken - Pollo - “poyo”
If, when ordering chicken, you say not “Poyo”, but “Pollo” (if you read “pollo” as you are used to), you will get an indecent word and you will have to say “Perdon” :)
Seafood – Mariscos
Pasta - Pastas
Bread - Pan - "pan"
Spanish words and phrases about drinks
Drinks – Bebidas
Coffee with milk - Cafe con leche
Beer – Cerveza – “SerbEsa”
The most important phrase for mastering Spain: “two beers, please!”- Dos cervezas, por favor!- “dos serbEsas, por favor!”
Water with gas - Agua con gas - "Agua con gas"
Water without gas - Agua sin gas - "Agua sin gas"
Black tea - Té Negro - “te negro”
Green tea - Té Verde - “te verde”
Sugar - Azúcar - "atsUkar"
Spoon - Cuchara - "KuchAra"
Spoon (small) - Cucharilla
Fork - Tenedor - "tenedor"
In Spaniards, the sounds "b" and "c" are almost the same. This will be noticeable when you mention, for example, “wine”
White wine – El vino blanco – “el bino blanco”
Rose wine – Rosado – “El Bino RosAdo”
Red wine – Tinto – “el bino tinto”
If you want to order two glasses of red wine: “two glasses of red, please!”- Dos copas de vino tinto, por favor!– “dos copas de bino tinto, por favor!”
Juice - Zumo - “zumo” (sound fuzzy, lisping)
Orange juice, please - Zumo de Naranja, por favor! - “zumo de naranja, por favor!”
7 most important words and phrases in Spanish
Before the first trip, it is difficult to remember everything, so remember at least the 7 most important words and phrases in Spanish that you will definitely need:
- Hello! – Hola! - "Ola"
You have booked a ticket. Your luggage is already packed. You can't wait to start your journey in a country where everyone speaks Spanish.
There is another simple thing you can do that will come in handy on your trip: learn a few Spanish phrases! Travel will definitely be much more fun and rewarding if you can communicate with native speakers.
In this article, we have selected the most popular Spanish phrases that will help you “survive” your trip.
greetings
Hispanic culture is based on a cult of courtesy, you should also always be courteous and say "hello" and "how are you?" And don't worry about making mistakes, others will do their best to understand you and make sure you understand them. Just try your best and they will be happy to see your efforts.
- Good morning - Buenos dias(Buenos dias)
- Good afternoon - Buenas tardes(buenas tardes)
- Good evening - Buena nights(buenas noches)
- Hola (hola) is "hello". You can say hello to people you already know.
- ¿Como está?(komo esta) - a way to ask “how are you?” in case you don't know the person, ¿Como estas?(como estas) - if you know him.
- If they ask you “how are you?”, answer “ok, thank you” - bien, gracias(bien, gracias) because you are also a polite person.
- Never forget keywords: please - por favor(por favor) - and thank you - gracias(gracias).
- When you introduce yourself to someone, you say “Mucho gusto”(much thickly), and you will hear the same in response. It means "nice to meet you".
- If you suddenly run into an insurmountable language barrier, switch to universal English, just make sure with your interlocutor: ¿Habla ingles?(Abla Ingles)? - Do you speak English?
Useful Basic Vocabulary
IN everyday communication even the simplest words and phrases to memorize will come in handy. You can always use "I want", "I like", "Do you have...?", and if you don't know how to complete a phrase (for example, you can't remember the right noun), just point to the subject.
- I want, I don't want Yo quiero, yo no quiero(yo kyero, yo no kyero)
- I would like (more politely) - Me gustaria(me Gustaria)
- Where is? - ¿Donde está?(dongde esta)?
- What is the price? - ¿Cuánto cuesta?(cuanto cuesta)?
- How much time? - ¿Que hora es?(ke ora es)?
- You have? - ¿Tiene?(tiene)?
- I have, I don't have Yo tengo, yo no tengo(yo tengo, yo no tengo)
- I understand, I don't understand Yo entiendo, yo no entiendo(yo entiendo, yo no entiendo)
- You understand - ¿Entiende?(entiende)?
Simple verb forms: where is, I want, I need
You can express many thoughts and requests using simple shapes verbs. The important thing is that you can say a lot of things using "I want", "I need", "I can", "I could" or "where is" and then just add a noun. It may not be so easy for you, but you will definitely be understood.
- I want a ticket, a hotel, a taxi - Yo quiero un boleto, un hotel, un taxi(yo kyero un boleto, un hotel, un taxi)
How can I get there?
If you are a bit confused or not sure how to get somewhere, you need a few simple phrases to help you find the right path. "Where is?" in Spanish it sounds like “¿dónde está?” (dongde esta?), let's see this question in action based on a few examples:
- Where is the railway station? - ¿Dónde está la estación de ferrocarril?(donde esta la estación de ferrocarril) or “autobuses” (autobuses).
- Where is the restaurant? - ¿Dónde está un restaurante?(donde esta un restaurante)?
- Train? - ¿Untren?(un tren)?
- Street …? - ¿La calle...?(la sai)?
- Bank? - ¿Un banco?(un banco)? - I am looking for the restroom. - ¿Dónde está el baño?– (donde esta el banyo)?
- I want a hotel, I want a hotel with a bathroom Yo quiero un hotel, yo quiero un hotel con baño(Ye kyero un hotel, yeo kyero un hotel kon banyo)
- I need - Yo necesito(yo nesesito). Very useful phrase, just add the noun:
Yo necesito un hotel, un cuarto, un cuarto con baño– (yo neseshito un hotel, un quarto son banyo) - Where is the exchange office located? where is the bank located? - ¿Dónde está una casa de cambio?(donde esta una casa de cambio);
¿Dónde está el banco?(donde esta el banco)? - Money - Dinero (dinero).
Driving directions
Once you ask a question about how to get somewhere, you will hear the answer in Spanish. Remember how Spanish sounds like a few simple directions someone might give you, such as telling you to turn right or left or go straight ahead. Heed these keywords:
- Right side - a la derecha(a la derecha)
- Left-hand side - a la izquierda(a la izkjerda)
- Straight ahead - derecho(derecho)
- On the corner - en la esquina(en la aeskina)
- One, two, three, four blocks a una cuadra, a dos, tres, cuatro cuadras- (a una cuadra, a dos, tres, cuatro cuadras)
In a restaurant: what do you want to eat or drink?
These are probably the phrases you will need the most when you are in a restaurant. Order something with the help of someone you already know "quiero"(kyero) or "quisiera"(kissera) - “I want” or “I would like.” And don't forget to say “por favor” And "gracias"!
- Table - Una mesa(una mesa)
- Table for two, three, four Una mesa para dos tres, cuatro(una mesa para dos, tres, cuatro)
- Menu - Un menu(ung menu)
- Soup - Sopa(sopa)
- Salad - Ensalada(ensalada)
- Hamburger (also a must!) Hamburguesa(amburgesa)
- With ketchup, mustard, tomato, lettuce - Con salsa de tomate, mostaza, tomate, lechuga- (con salsa de tomate, mostaza, tomate, lechuga)
- Snack - Una entrada(una entrada)
- Dessert - Un postre(un postre)
- Drink - Una bebida(una babyda)
- Water - Agua(agua)
- Red wine, white wine Vino tinto(bino tinto), wine blanco(bino blanco)
- Beer - Cerveza(serveza)
- Coffee - un café(un cafe)
- Call the waiter or waitress - ¡Señor! or ¡Señorita!(senor or senorita)
- Check - La cuenta(la cuenta)
Miscellaneous information
- Credit cards. Many places in small towns still don't accept credit cards, so make sure you have enough cash with you. You can ask if credit card is accepted, - una tarjeta de credito(una tarheta de credito). If you have questions, you can always use nouns as a question. For example, you can take out a credit card and ask ¿Tarjeta de credito? They will understand.
- Universal word: no funciona(but functional) - no, it doesn't work. You can use this in many other circumstances. Just point to the shower or whatever and say: “¡No funciona!”
- Practice saying everything out loud, so, firstly, you will remember some phrases without having to "peek" them, and secondly, you will learn to pronounce them quickly and, at the same time, smoothly. Simple listening talking person will also help you understand people.
- Take a small pocket dictionary with you. Of course, you do not want to look for the right verb conjugation in the middle of a conversation, but you will always find the right noun quickly. Download such a dictionary before the trip, it will definitely help out more than once.
1 - uno (uno)
2 - dos (dos)
3 - tres (tres)
4 - cuatro (quatro)
5 - cinco (sinko)
6 - seis (seis)
7 - siete (siete)
8 - ocho (ocho)
9 - nueve (nueve)
10 - diez (diez)
P.S. More useful phrases you will learn in the online course.