Ireland
Ireland is an island on the west side of Europe. The capital of Ireland is Dublin. There are about 5 million people in the Republic of Ireland. It is a small country but a lot of people know about it. In many countries there are Irish priests and nuns.
People left Ireland to find work in those countries and they stayed there. All over the world there are people with Irish blood.
The country is in two parts. The larger part, the Republic of Ireland, is in the south. The smaller part of Ireland, Northern Ireland, is part of the United Kingdom and its big city is Belfast. Like a lot of other countries, Ireland had sad and difficult times, but it had good times too. The Irish are kind and polite people, they welcome strangers. The Irish love to talk. Ireland is a beautiful country with fine lakes, tall mountains and attractive beaches. It has two great rivers. It is a very green country. It is green partly because it rains too much.
Ireland is a country of good butter, good beer and good horses. People come from all over the world to buy Irish horses from Europe, from America, from Arab countries and from the Far East. Ireland also has its manufacturing industry.
Questions:
1. Where is Ireland situated?
2. What is the population of this country?
3. Why did people leave Ireland?
4. What parts does it consist of?
5. Ireland has its own manufacturing industry, hasn "t it?
Vocabulary:
island - island
priest - priest
nun - monk
manufacturing industry - manufacturing industry
Ireland
Ireland is an island in western Europe. The capital of Ireland is Dublin. The population of the Republic of Ireland is over 5 million. It is a small country, but it is known to many people. There are Irish priests and monks in many countries.
People traveled from Ireland to find work in other countries and stayed there. There are people with Irish blood scattered all over the world.
The country is divided into two parts. Most - the Republic of Ireland - is in the south. The smaller part of Ireland, northern Ireland is part of the United Kingdom, the largest city of which is Belfast. Like many other countries, Ireland has had sad and difficult times, but good times were also. Irish people are kind and polite people, they meet strangers well. The Irish love to talk. Ireland is a beautiful country with beautiful lakes, big cities and attractive beaches. There are two large rivers here. This is a very green country. It's green in part because it rains a lot here.
Ireland is a land of wonderful butter, beer and horses. People from all over the world come to buy Irish horses: from Europe, America, Arab countries and Of the Far East... Ireland is also renowned for its manufacturing industry.
BRITAIN AND BRITISH
NORTHERN IRELAND (2)
Northern Ireland is the smallest part of the United Kingdom. It occupies only one sixth of its territory, and it is situated on the northeast of the island Ireland. The name "Ulster" is sometimes used as equivalent to Northern Ireland, because there are six of the nine countries of the historic province of Ulster. Belfast is the capital of Northern Ireland.
For many centuries Ireland was a colony of Britain. As a result of the hard struggle of the Irish people for independence the larger part of Ireland (26 countries) gained the status of a British dominion in 1921. In 1949 it was officially proclaimed an independent state, the Irish Free State of Eire. The northeast of Ireland was retained by
Great Britain as its smallest component. But certain forces of both the Irish Republic and Northern Ireland are for the reunification of the country, against social deprivation which is at its worst among Catholics. They believe that British withdrawal from Ireland is the only way to achieve peace.
In November 1985, the British and Irish governments made a new political agreement on Northern Ireland, the Anglo-Irish Agreement. It gives the Republic of Ireland a voice in the administration of Northern Ireland, and the Irish government recognizes that there will only be a United Ireland if a majority of people in Ulster agrees to it.
There are low hills and peaks of rocks in the northwest of the island, while the northeast sector is a plateau. The Mourne Mountains in the southeast slope down to Lough Neagh, the largest lake in the British Isles. The rivers of Ireland are short, but deep. The largest river is the Shannon.
The population of Northern Ireland is about 1.5 million people. 53 per cent of the total population live in urban areas. The whole economy of Northern Ireland is closely integrated with that of Great Britain. The largest industry agriculture is, it occupies about 72 per cent of the land area.
Belfast, the capital of Northern Ireland is the leading industrial center and a large port. Its main industries are the production of linen "and other textiles, clothing, shipbuilding, engineering.
The Irish poets call Ireland "the Emerald Isle". It is all due to the green grass. The fact is that the winds usually blow in from the Atlantic Ocean and make the air and soil warm and damp. Grass grows well in such a climate and it makes the island look so beautiful.
QUESTIONS
1. Where Northern Ireland is situated?
2. What is the other name of Northern Ireland?
3. What do you know about Anglo-Irish Agreement?
4. What are the main industries of Northern Ireland?
5. What is the capital of Northern Ireland?
6. What are the lakes and rivers of Ireland?
VOCABULARY
Ulster - Ulster (historical area in the north of the island of Ireland)
dominion - dominion (the name of the countries of the British Empire that were formally sovereign and supposedly had equal rights with Great Britain)
Eire - Eire (another name for the Republic of Ireland)
the Mourne Mountains - Mourne Mountains
Lough Neagh - Lake Lough Neagh in Northern Ireland
the Shannon - РікаShannon
island - island
reunification - reunification
deprivation - losses, scraps
withdrawal - withdrawal, deprivation
NORTHERN IRELAND (2)
Northern Ireland is the smallest part of the United Kingdom. It occupies only one-sixth of the entire territory and is located in the northeast of the island of Ireland. The name "Ulster" is sometimes used as the equivalent of Northern Ireland because six of the nine cities in the historic province of Ulster are located there. Belfast is the capital of Northern Ireland.
For centuries Ireland was a British colony. As a result of the hard struggle of the Irish people for independence, most of Ireland (26 cities) in 1921 won the status of the British dominion. In 1949, she was proclaimed an independent state, the Irish Independent State of Eyre. And the northeast of Ireland remained with Great Britain as its small component. But certain forces of the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland are in favor of the reunification of the country, against social losses, especially felt among Catholics. They believe the only way out is to disconnect from Britain.
In November 1985, the British and Irish governments adopted a new political agreement for Northern Ireland - the Anglo-Irish Treaty. It gives the Republic of Ireland a voice in the Northern Ireland administration, and the Irish government has agreed that Ireland will reunite only if the majority of Ulster's people agree.
In the northwest of the island are low hills and rocky peaks, while the northeast sector is flat. The Morne Mountains in the southeast gently slope down to Loch Ney, the largest lake in the British Isles. The rivers of Ireland are short but deep. The largest river is the Shannon.
The population of Northern Ireland is over 1.5 million people. 53% of the population lives in suburban areas. The entire economy of Northern Ireland works very closely with the UK economy. The main branch of industry - agriculture - occupies 72% of the land area.
Belfast is the capital of Northern Ireland, a leading industrial center and a major port. The main industry is the manufacture of linen, textiles, clothing, as well as shipbuilding and engineering.
Irish poets call Ireland the "Emerald Isle". All thanks to the green grass. The fact is that winds usually blow from the Atlantic Ocean and soften and humidify the land and air. In such a climate, the grass grows well and the island looks just impressive.
In area, Scotland is about 30.000 square miles. Its population is about 5.200.000 people. Scotland was an independent kingdom. In 1707 the Act of Union was passed. This Act incorporated Scotland with England in the United Kingdom, but the Scots kept their own legal system, religion, education and administration, and still keep them now. It is governed from London under a Secretary of State for Scotland who is usually a Scot.
The English language is spoken all over Scotland with a variety of regional accents - Scottish dialects. Among the people of some remote Highlands districts the Gaelic language is still used.
Scotland is a northern land, but it not particularly cold there.
During the nineteenth century much industrial development, based at first on coal mining, took place in the region round Glasgow and Edinburgh. Although Edinburgh is the capital, Glasgow has for a long time been the chief center of commerce and industry.
Scottish towns look very different from English towns. Architectural traditions are quite distinct, and certain styles never appear in England. Two-storey red brick houses of England contrast with gray four-storey apartment houses in Scotland.
The most interesting and beautiful part of Scotland - and of the whole of Britain - is the north and west, of the region commonly called “the highlands and islands”. Great sea-lochs, wild and empty hills, cone-shaped mountains deep valleys attract a lot of tourists. Shooting, fishing and deerstalking are rich men’s sports. Most visitors to modern Scotland come away with an impression that Scotsmen are hospitable, generous and friendly.
Topic Northern Ireland
The majority of the inhabitants of this large and beautiful island are Celtic in origin. After the Reformations in England and Scotland, many English and Scottish Protestants were settled in Ireland by English monarch and became the most powerful element in the country because they owned much of the land. In 1801 the union of Ireland with Great Britain took place, and the new political unit was called the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. The union was not favorable to the Catholic majority of the inhabitants, who regarded the dominant Protestant minority as foreign invaders and oppressors.
The Protestant and Catholic communities` mutual hostility is a characteristic feature of six counties of Northern Ireland. Serious disorders turned into the real war. In August 1969 British troops were sent to keep order, but terrorist acts continued.
The purpose of the British is to unite the two communities against extremists from both sides. There has been some progress towards this end, but many problems remain unsolved and the danger of a new wave of violence still exists.
Topic wales
Wales has been united with England for seven hundred years, and through all this time England and Wales have formed one single political and administrative unit.
The territory of Wales is about 8.000 square miles. The population of Wales is about 3 m. people.
Central and North Wales are farming regions, while South Wales is the industrial part of the country. It is rich in coal. Cardiff, the capital of Wales, is also a large port.
Wales is a very popular place for spending holidays. Every year, thousands of people take their holidays at the seaside on the North Wales coast or, if they prefer, enjoy peace in villages far from town life. Some people choose Snowdonia. This is a national park around Snowdon, which is ideal for walking or hiking holidays.
Among the best-known Welsh characteristics are certain romanticism and love of poetry and music. The annual bardic festival known as the National Eisteddfod of Wales has a 1,200-year-old history: choral singing of hymns is a national art. Oratory is another. Singers, dancers, musicians and poets come from all over the world to complete for the awards at the festival. They often wear national costumes. At the festivals Welsh girls wear the nationals dress - a tall black hat, a red skirt and a white apron.
Another source of national pride is Rugby football.
In the whole of Wales, 99 per cent of the people can speak English, and the Welsh language, which is a Celtic one and very different from English, is, in fact, declining.
Northern Ireland, part of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, is integral in the northeastern portion of the island of Ireland. Northern Ireland is bounded on the north and northeast by the North Channel, on the southeast by the Irish Sea, and on the south and west by the Republic of Ireland. It includes Rathlin Island in the North Channel and several smaller offshore islands. It is also known as Ulster, because it comprises six of the nine counties that constituted the former province of Ulster.
The total area of \u200b\u200bNorthern Ireland is 14.148 sq km. The shoreline is characterized by numerous irregularities and is about 530 km (about 330 mi) long. The major indentations are Lough Foyle in the north and Belfast, Strangford, and Carlingford loughs in the east. A striking feature of the northern coast is the Giant "s Causeway, a rock formation consisting of thousands of closely placed, polygonal pillars of black basalt. The country consists mainly of a low, flat plain in the approximate center of which is Lough Neagh, the largest lake in the British Isles. Other important lakes are Lough Erne and Upper Lough Erne.
The climate of Northern Ireland is mild and damp throughout the year.
The most valuable natural resources of Northern Ireland are its fertile soil and rich pasturelands. Natural waterpower is abundant. The chief minerals are basalt, limestone, sand and gravel, granite, chalk, clay, and shale; bauxite, iron ore, and coal are also found in small amounts.
The capital and largest city of Northern Ireland is Belfast. The other major city in Northern Ireland is Londonderry.
Originally, Northern Ireland was culturally indistinguishable from the remainder of Ireland. However, with the waves of colonization from England and Scotland during the 17th century, the northeastern province of Ulster evolved a distinctive cultural identity. There is a thriving theatrical movement in Belfast, and much literary activity. Belfast is the base of Opera Northern Ireland, which presents seasons at the Grand Opera House in the city, and also tours the province. A ballet company is based in the capital, as is the Belfast Philharmonic Society, one of Britain's leading choral societies. The Ulster Symphony Orchestra is among the leading orchestras of Britain. Queen's University hosts the annual Belfast Festival. Northern Ireland has two national museums: the Ulster Museum in Belfast, which houses a collection of Irish antiquities; and the Ulster Folk and Transport Museum in Holywood, County Down.
Northern Ireland
Northern Ireland, an integral part of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, is located in the northeastern part of the island of Ireland. Northern Ireland, bounded to the north and northeast by the North Strait, to the southeast by the Irish Sea, and to the south and west by Ireland. It includes Rathlin Island and several other smaller islands. It is also known as Ulster because it includes six of the nine counties that make up the former province of Ulster.
The total area of \u200b\u200bNorthern Ireland is 14 148 sq. km. The coastline is characterized by numerous bays and is about 530 km (about 330 mi) long. The main bays are Lough Foyle in the north, and Belfast, Strangford and Carlingford Loes in the east. Distinctive feature The northern coast is the Giant's Causeway (Giant's Ladder), a rock formation made up of thousands of closely spaced, polygonal pillars of black basalt. The country is mainly composed of a low plain, approximately in the center of which is Loch Ney, the largest lake in the British Isles. Other important lakes are Lough Erne and Upper Lough Erne.
Northern Ireland's climate is mild and humid throughout the year.
Northern Ireland's most valuable natural resources are its fertile soils and rich pastures. It is rich in natural water resources. The main minerals are basalt, limestone, sand, gravel, granite, chalk, clay and shale; bauxite, iron ore and coal are also found in small quantities.
The capital and largest city of Northern Ireland is Belfast. Another major city in Northern Ireland is Londonderry.
Initially, Northern Ireland was culturally indistinguishable from the rest of Ireland. However, with waves of colonization from England and Scotland in the 17th century, the northeastern province of Ulster evolved towards a distinctive cultural identity. There is a thriving theater movement in Belfast, and a lot of literary activity. Belfast is the backbone of Northern Ireland's operatic arts, which features the seasons of the Grand Opera in the city as well as tours by the province. The ballet troupe is based in the capital, as is the Belfast Philharmonic, one of the UK's leading choral societies. The Ulster Symphony Orchestra is one of the UK's leading orchestras. Queen's University hosts an annual Belfast Festival. Northern Ireland has two national museums: the Ulster Museum in Belfast, which houses a collection of Irish antiquities, and the Ulster Folk Transportation Museum in Holywood, County Down.
Interesting facts about Ireland in English with translation will help you learn a lot and prepare for the lesson.
Interesting facts about Ireland in English
The Irish flag dates from the 1800's.
There are more mobile phones in Ireland than there are people.
Ireland joined the European Community in 1973.
Ireland was one of the initial 12 European Union nations that began using the euro currency in 2002.
The Irish capital, Dublin is home to over one quarter of the total population.
Other Irish cities of note include Cork, Limerick and Galway.
Irish novelists have made major contributions to world literature. Famous writers include Jonathan Swift - Gulliver's Travels, Bram Stoker - Dracula and James Joyce - Ulysses.
Ireland has won the Eurovision Song Contest a record seven times.
A number of multinational technology corporations have setup European headquarters in Ireland helping to make it one of the largest exporters of hardware and software-related goods and services in the world.
Saint Patrick's Day is Irelands official national holiday. The 17th of March holiday is celebrated in Ireland and also embraced by many other countries around the world.
The world famous Guinness beer is from Ireland, it originated in the Dublin brewery of Arthur Guinness.
Gaelic football and hurling are traditional sports of Ireland and remain the most popular sports in the country.
At the Olympics, boxing is Ireland's most successful sport.
In 2002 Ireland was the first country in the world to have an environmental tax for plastic shopping bags and in 2004 it was the first to introduce a public smoking ban.
Shamrock (type of clover) is the national symbol of Ireland and along with the harp it is a registered trademark of the country.
interesting facts about Ireland with translation
The Irish flag dates from 1800.
Ireland has more mobile phones than people.
Ireland joined the European Community in 1973.
Ireland was one of the first 12 European Union countries to use the euro in 2002.
The Irish capital Dublin is home to more than a quarter of the total population.
Other notable Irish cities include Cork, Limerick and Galway.
Irish novelists have made major contributions to world literature. Notable authors include Jonathan Swift - Gulliver's Travels, Bram Stoker - Dracula, and James Joyce - Ulysses.
Ireland has won the Eurovision Song Contest a record seven times.
A number of multinational technology corporations have established a European headquarters in Ireland, helping to make it one of the largest exporters of hardware and software products and services in the world.
St. Patrick's Day is Ireland's official national holiday. The holiday of March 17 is celebrated in Ireland, and also covered by many other countries around the world.
World famous Guinness beer from Ireland, it originated in Arthur Guinness's Dublin Brewery.
Gaelic football and throwing are traditional sports in Ireland and remain the most popular sports in the country.
At the Olympics, boxing is the most successful sport in Ireland.
In 2002, Ireland was the first country in the world to have an environmentally friendly tax on plastic shopping bags, and in 2004, it first introduced a ban on smoking in public places.
The clover is the national symbol of Ireland and, along with the harp, is the registered trademark of the country.