NASA detection systems could not fix the asteroid approximation 2019 OK to the ground. It became known about him when the distance between him and the land was no more than 65 thousand kilometers. The asteroid noticed the staff of the Observatory in Britain. The diameter of the 2019 OK asteroid is comparable to the size of a soccer field. After this incident, the NASA tracking system was criticized by experts.
Earlier an asteroid, superior to the sizes of the Hoeop Pyramid, approached the Earth, reported by RIA Novosti with reference to NASA data. The diameter of the asteroid 2019 OU1 is 160 meters, it is 20 meters more than the famous Egyptian pyramid. On August 28, 2019, he approached Earth 40 times closer than Venus and burned out with our planet at a distance of about a million kilometers.
But what, if a dangerous space object fell to the ground? Its dimensions are able to provoke a series of large tsunami or the complete destruction of one of the countries of Europe. Smaller, but also a potentially dangerous celestial body, fluttered at a distance of 7.3 million kilometers on July 25, according to the ISON system.
What meteorites and asteroids have already fallen to Earth?
Russia has already become a place to fall of meteorites and asteroids. The first case was recorded on June 17, 1908 in the Krasnoyarsk Territory, not far from the river River Tunguska. The explosion power in the fall of the Tungusian meteorite was 40-50 megaton, the shock wave poured 2000 square kilometers of forest. Glasses ripped out 200 kilometers from the epicenter, and seismic oscillations were recorded at the stations of cities such as Irkutsk, Tashkent, Tbilisi and Yen (Germany). The most interesting thing is that the fragments of the meteorite did not find it.
Wikipedia.org.
The most "heavy" case occurred on February 12, 1947 near the village of Bezich in Primorsky Krai. The weight of the fragments found was 60-100 tons, and the body itself had an iron composition. Sikhote-Alin meteorite, as he was called due to falling in the mountains of the same name, he splits in the atmosphere and crumbled on the ground in the form of a meteorite rain. Now his fragments can be seen in the Kaluga planetarium.
The recent fall of the fragments of the asteroid, the age of which amounted to about 4.5 billion years, occurred on the territory of the Chelyabinsk region on February 15, 2013. The drop in the fragments of the Chelyabinsk meteorite, was accompanied by strong shock waves, which according to NASA estimates, amounted to 300-500 thousand kilotons. The largest fragment of a 654 kilogram weighing, was raised from the bottom of Lake Chebarkul.
Fragment of the Chelyabinsk meteorite. TASS / Artem Korotaev
As a result of the fall of fragments of the meteorite on Earth, 1615 people were injured - most of them from the fragments of windows and other structures provoked by the explosive wave from Chelyabinsk. The buildings were damaged by 490 million rubles, and the total damage was almost one billion. This celestial body was not discovered before it entered the atmosphere of the Earth.
Now imagine how much damage was brought by some small meteorites. What can happen if the asteroid 2019 OU1 will change the trajectory and still falls to the ground?.
How to escape during the fall of the asteroid to the ground?
According to scientists, for all its existence, the Earth has made at least six major asteroids. This is evidenced by huge craters that exist on our planet. The biggest is in the territory of South Africa, its diameter is 300 kilometers! This is 6% of the total area of \u200b\u200bthe African country. It is logical that the collision of the asteroid with the Earth can occur in the 21st century. How to behave if the catastrophe of a planetary scale is imminent?
- Find a refuge. The All-Russian Public Opinion Center (WTCIOM) conducted a survey on the topic of the Nuclear War and found out that 71% of Russians do not know about the existence of concrete bomb shelter in their city. Only 15% are known where to hide, but most of them are older than 35 years old. This means that people will simply do not understand where to run if a catastrophe occurs. You should see where a bomb shelter is in your city or settlement. Greater cities where the subway is easier. You can always go down to the subway, but the capacity of the metro stations is small, especially with one output and without transfers.
- Take with you the necessary things. It can be warm clothing, medicines (antiseptics, bows, painkillers, anti-inflammatory), water, non-perishable food (cereals, canned food, oil, sugar, salt, powdered milk), hygiene products, threads, flashlight, Individual protection means, important documentation.
- Do not come to the windows and other glass designs.If you saw that the Space body flies in the sky or a danger warning came, go from the windows! The fall or rupture of the meteorite / asteroid in the sky will provoke a shock wave, which will definitely destroy all glass partitions. You can suffer from scattered fragments and even get serious injuries.
Asteroids that in the future can approach the Earth at a distance equal to 7.5 million km, are considered potentially dangerous for the Earth. Our planet no longer came across these cosmic bodies. Today we will talk about how dangerous the fall of an asteroid to earth and is there a large-scale catastrophe in the foreseeable future? And for a start, a small historical reference.
Asteroid (with Greek. "A similar star", "Star") is also called a small planet. He is a celestial body whose size exceeds 30 km. Some of them have their own satellites. Many asteroids travel through our solar system. 3.5 million years ago, a huge number of asteroids fell to Earth, which led to global changes.
Traces of ancient asteroid
In the spring of 2016, in Australia, geologists discovered traces of the asteroid drop, the diameter of which was about 30-40 km. That is, it is commensurate with a small satellite. The fall was the cause of the 11-point earthquake, tsunami and large-scale destruction. It was probably one of the asteroids, as a result of the fall of which on Earth was formed not only the root of life, but also formed all the diversity of the biosphere.
There is also the opinion that the mysterious disappearance of dinosaurs occurred due to the fall on the ground of a large asteroid. Although it is just one of the many versions ...
It is interesting! Ancient drums formed as a result of a meeting with a meteorite. Its depth once reached 20 km. The meteorite fall caused tsunami and climate change, similar to nuclear winter. In addition, for a period of up to 16 years, the temperature of 26 degrees could fall on Earth.
Chelyabinsk meteorite
The fall of an asteroid on Earth in February 2013 has become one of the most discussed incidents not only in Russia, but throughout the world. Asteroid, whose mass reached 16 tons, partially burned down in the atmosphere of the Earth, and its relatively small part fell near Chelyabinsk, fortunately, flying over it.
That year he flew over the Ural city, which served as the basis for his name. The body itself turned out to be quite ordinary and consisted of chondrites, but caused interest and place of its fall. None of the asteroids fell on Earth did not cause such damage, as it did not fall at such proximity to the densely populated point. The mass of the meteorite was 6 tons. Falling into the lake was the cause of embedded glasses in 7,000 buildings. 112 people hospitalized with burns, a few more people turned to doctors for help. In total, the shock wave covered 6.5 thousand sq.m.
A huge damage caused by asteroid could be much more weighty if the heavenly stone fell not into the water, but on the land. Fortunately, the drop in the asteroid on the ground did not turn a large-scale disaster.
What is dangerous to fall a big meteorite on Earth?
According to scientists, the fall of the asteroid to the Earth can lead to huge damage if a body of about 1 km falls to the land of the Earth. First of all, a funnel is formed with a diameter of about 15 km, it will be the cause of dust into the atmosphere. And this, in turn, can lead to large-scale fires. Dust, heating from the Sun, will reduce the ozone level, accelerate chemical reactions in the stratosphere, reduce the amount of sunlight, reaching the surface of the planet.
Thus, the effects of falling an asteroid on Earth are very serious. The global temperature of the earth will fall on 8 0 s, causing the ice age. But in order to entail the extinction of humanity, the asteroid should be 10 times more.
Giant danger
Recently, scientists found out that in the list of potential threats for our planet, it is necessary to include centaurs - these are giant asteroids, the diameter of which ranges from 50 to 100 km. The gravitational field of other planets every 40-100 thousand years throws them towards our Earth. Their number is currently sharply increased. Is it possible to fall a giant asteroid to the ground in the near future, constantly calculate scientists, although the calculation of the trajectory of the income of centavrov is a very difficult task.
In addition, the list of potential threats to the Earth includes:
- supervocanic eruption;
- global pandemic;
- asteroid drop (at 0.00013%);
- nuclear war;
- ecological catastrophy.
Will the asteroid fall on Earth in October 2017?
The main question that currently worries scientists is the danger emanating from the asteroid, the dimensions of which are 2 times superior to the Chelyabinsk meteorite. There is a chance that an event will happen in October 2017, which will cause a much larger disaster scope than the blow in 2013. Astronomer Judith Pic claims that the asteroid diameter reaches 40 km. It was painted by the WF9 object.
Dangerous heavenly body was discovered by scientists in Hawaii back in 2012. In that year, he passed at a very close distance from the Earth, and on October 12, 2017 approach the most dangerous distance for our planet. Scientists believe that if the drop in the asteroid to earth really will take place, then the British will see it first.
At the moment, scientists are actively exploring the possibility of a collision. True, the likelihood of the fall of the asteroid on Earth is quite small and is, according to researchers, 1 to a million. However, it still is.
Constant danger
It should be noted that those or other asteroids of different sizes are constantly flying past the Earth. They are potentially dangerous, but very rarely really falling to the ground. So, at the end of 2016, the body flew past the Earth at a distance of 2/3 distances to a small truck.
And January 2017 was marked by the span of a celestial body reaching the size of a 10-storey building. He flew within 180 thousand km from us.
Sikhote-Alignan meteorite fell on February 12, 1947 at 10.38 near the village of Bezich in the Ussuri Taiga, in the Sikhote-Alin mountains in the Far East. Stripping in the atmosphere, he fell by iron rain on an area of \u200b\u200b35 square meters. km. The meteorite left behind more than a hundred crater with a diameter of up to 28 m and a depth of 6 m and a lot of debris. The total weight of the supposed substance, according to astronomers estimates, was about 70 tons, it was possible to collect 27 tons - more than 3,500 fragments.
The largest of them weighs 1745 kg.
Sikhote-Alignan meteorite entered the top ten largest meteorites in the world. Now samples of the Sikhote-Aligna meteorite are presented in all more or less large museums of the world.
Soviet astronomer Nikolay Divari described the fall as follows: "At the very beginning, the car was seen in the form of a relatively small rocky body, which quickly moving across the sky at some angle to the horizon. The dimensions and brightness of this starf increased until the critical moment occurred in its movement: the asterisk broke out a dazzling bright light, scattered into pieces and, leaving behind a fiery tail, continued to rapidly approach the earth's surface. In this stage, the fall of the car was an exciting picture that it is extremely rare to observe a person. Describing a large arc across the sky, a fireball flew, scattering gold-walled sparks on the sides and turning in the air all the time. " With sounds similar to the artillery shootout, the fragments of the meteorite fell on the ground, causing a small earthquake.
The windows rattled in the apartments, the glass fell out, the plaster was poured, snow flew from the roofs of the houses.
The trail remaining from the flying meteorite in the sky finally dissipated only in the evening.
The meteorite managed to thoroughly explore thanks to a large number of material. The analysis showed that it consisted of 94% of iron, by 5.5% of nickel, by 0.38% of cobalt. The remaining components are carbon, chlorine, phosphorus and sulfur. As the Soviet astronomer Vasily Fesenkov noted, the meteorite did not constitute a monolith, and consisted of many arbitrary oriented crystals, "poorly interconnected". It probably also served his decay in many parts.
The meteorite was attributed to the chemical group II B An, which includes 2.7% of iron meteorites.
According to Fesenkov's calculations, the heavenly body came from the central part of the asteroid belt and at the entrance to the atmosphere we were weighed about 100 tons.
The rough structure indicates that it has been formed when the liquid melt of iron, nickel and cobalt with the complete absence of oxygen is calculated. Considering the size of the meteorite, this process was supposed to take about a million years.
The search for a place of falling meteorite has already taken the next day. Two aircraft had a taiga, but could not detect anything. Later, a group of schoolchildren from the neighboring village went under the guidance of the teacher, but, passing several tens of kilometers in the woods on skis, they also did not find anything.
The first place of the meteorite fall discovered the pilots of the Far Eastern geological control.
On February 15, they, returning to their airfield, noticed a large dark plot against the background of the snow-covered forest.
In April, an expedition from ten people under the leadership of Fesenkov arrived at the fall in the fall. The task of the expedition was to explore the fall location and collect all parts of the meteorite. Shards covered with a layer of clay, outwardly little differed from the wreckage of rocks, so I had to use the minion detector.
One of the major fragments was generally lying right on the road, and on it daily went, not noticing.
Some fragments are stuck in trees barrels, others were able to pierce the trunks with a diameter of half the meter. Spiral samples of the spiral form allowed the Fesenkov to conclude that at the time of the fall, the temperature of the meteorite mass was about 300 ° C.
Over the next years, another 15 expeditions were held to the place of fall of the meteorite, each was about 30 people. There was an outlined circuit of the scattering of the meteorite debris, their distribution in the area was established, crater were described in detail. In 1983 and 1987, groups of specialists led by Astronomer were sent there. By that time, Bitsukhe village was already renamed meteoric, two streams in the area of \u200b\u200bthe fall became a large and small meteorite. The district itself was declared a monument of nature.
In 1957, postage stamps depicting meteorite came out.
They were created on the basis of the artist's picture, which at the time of the appearance of the meteorite wrote a local landscape and captured the heavenly body fluttering on it.
Asteroid DA14 After a date with the earth will go to another "family"Asteroid 2012 DA14 was opened in February 2012 by astronomers of the Spanish Observatory La Sagra. Calculations have shown that February 15, 2013 at 19.25 in Greenwich (23.25 Moscow time), it will fly at a minimum distance from the Earth - at a distance of about 27.7 thousand kilometers from the surface."It seems that differences in meteorites are associated with the fact that their progenitors arising in the solar system about four billion years ago consisted of extremely heterogeneous layers of rocks. I would not be surprised if all the body from the main belt of asteroids arose as a result of the decay of the extremely small. The number of larger objects, "says Stanley Dermott (Stanley Dermott) from Florida University in Gainesville (USA).
Guests from Sky
In the past few decades, scientists in all over the world are actively followed by near-earth asteroids and conduct a kind of cosmic "census" among them, trying to understand how dangerous they are dangerous for humanity. Asteroids in the near-earth space, there are so many that astronomers had to create special scales to assess how probably their fall to earth.
Despite all this and the giant number of asteroids opened in recent years with the help of ground telescopes and an infrared orbital Observatory Wise, many large asteroids and countless less large objects with a Chelyabinsk meteorite, falling on Earth in February 2013, remain and not open mankind.
As NASA reported in 2011, at the first presentation of the NEOWISE catalog, today we only know about five thousand asteroids in size in about a hundred meters, while their total number is estimated at several tens of thousands. The number of less large objects within the main belt of asteroids can be even more and reaching a million.
Dermott and his colleagues opened an unusual fact that unites almost all of these celestial bodies and can simplify their search and cataloging in the near future, studying the five largest "families" asteroids.
With this word, astronomers denote asteroid groups rotating on a similar orbit and having similar composition and other properties, presumably indicating their overall origin. As a rule, they are called by name or the largest, or first open "member" of the family.
The largest "teams" asteroids, for example, families of flora, Vesti, Pulans, Evlalia and Nisa include tens of thousands of small and large objects, whose diameter can reach several tens of kilometers.
The consequences of the space "billiard"
The authors of the article conducted a new "census" among these five families of asteroids, "blindly" by analyzing the nature of the movement in orbit, the brightness and all other physical properties of all asteroids living in the inside of the main belt.
Similarly, as an astronomer notes, his team tried to "catch" those representatives of the five main families of asteroids, which for some reason were forced to change their orbit in the past somewhat.
In these searches, scientists relied on a simple pattern, well-known astronomers for many decades - if an asteroid belongs to any family, then the angle of his orbit and its stretching is hard depend on its brightness.
These calculations have an unexpected way showed that approximately half of the asteroids, which were previously considered "inconsolable", in fact belong to one of the five of these families. In total, according to Plantetog, approximately 85% of the inhabitants of the neighboring part of the belt of asteroids are among the five of these groups, and the nature of the remaining 15% remains unknown.
If so, why do new members of these families have such a motley mineral and chemical composition? As Dermott explains, metal meteorites are most likely fragments of the nuclei of these "mega-asteroids", and various stony objects are fragments of mantle, bark and other layers of their subsoil.
The discovery of the general nature of most near-earth asteroids, according to the astronomer, is extremely important in the context of the protection of the Earth from possible asteroid "attacks". Now scientists will easier to predict the chances of a similar outcome of events and evaluate their consequences, knowing that they have similar origins and composition.
In addition, their study, as the dermott concludes, will allow us to understand, under what conditions "embryos" of land and other planets were formed, some of which were the progenitors of asteroids. This, in turn, will help scientists better and faster looking for potential twins of our planet in other star systems.
Every year, scientists frighten the world with another assumption of a natural disaster. So today, astronomers report that the major asteroid flies to the ground. It is already known that the cosmic body will take place on dangerous close range from our planet, and many specialists even predict a collision.
It should be clarified that while scientists do not beat the alarm, and all the data are presented in the form of exemplary calculations, but still cosmic bodies are not subject to person, and you can expect anything.
So let's still grow out what can happen if the asteroid falls to the ground in 2017, what destruction and cataclysms are waiting for all of humanity. Are there any predictions of famous clairvoyants about the fall of the meteorite in the near future. Also recall past cases of falling celestial bodies on the ground.
The end of the world is predicted
Recall that one of the most famous provisidians Matrona Moscow before death clearly saw the end of the world. She said that 2017 - a dangerous year, it was in this period that the priest saw that thousands of people would die without wars, which the heavenly body arrives from the cosmos, which will erase almost all of humanity from the face.
In his last words, the Matrona bequeathed to people with prayer, she insisted that the people prayed, since the end of the world is completely close, and you can only save the soul with a prayer. Saint saw how many grief to be transferred to humanity. According to her visions, in February of the earthly life will come to an end: a lot of people will die, the dead will lie on the ground, and in the morning everything will go under the ground. What did the Great Justice meant in mind is still unknown, perhaps she saw that a meteorite should fall on the planet.
However, what do scientists say about the intended catastrophe, confirm or refute the version of clairvoyant?
Calculations of specialists
According to experts, January and February 2017 will be rich in various astronomical phenomena. In particular, scientists suggest that in February of this year, the Komet Enke will show its "tail" throughout its glory.
Last time, astronomy lovers managed to watch a large tail of this celestial body in 2013.
"Wasy" whether ENKET is unknown on this time, but scientists argue that it is flown to the close distance from the sun, the comet will warm up, as a result of which it becomes more and brighter. Experts hope that the 2017 comet will surprise everyone with its beauty and approach the Earth so that it can be seen with the naked eye.
However, most of all the specialists are worried about February 10, 2017, it is on this day that there will be a dangerous rapprochement of our planet with a large asteroid phaeton. Scientists have long been watching how this huge cosmic body is approaching land, Phaeton himself was discovered back in 1983. During the study of the asteroid, scientists were able to get out of its size. As it turned out, its diameter is about 5.1 km, and its rotation period is 3.6 hours. The flying object attracted scientists with its atypical orbita asteroids, the fact is that phaetons belong to the group of apolones, but it can approach the sun on a record close distance - about 21 million kilometers.
Experts believe that such a trajectory of motion is more characteristic of comets, and perhaps an asteroid is nothing more than a comet's core, which has lost its tail.
Phaeton crosses the orbits of the 4th planets of the solar system, and it is February 10, 2017, it will suit the sweeping distance as much as possible. Some scientists believe that nothing threatens our planet, but some skeptics think that the asteroid can fall on the blue planet.
Let's hope that no catastrophe happens, and astronomy lovers simply will be happy to observe the next space object. After all, in case of its fall, the scale of the tragedy is incommensurable. After all, you should not forget how much destruction has done a tiny Chelyabinsk meteorite, which, before combustion in the layers of the atmosphere, had a size of only 17 meters.
At the same time, many residents of the Earth are experiencing that if experts have already viewed the fall of a meteorite in Chelyabinsk, they may not see and even larger object from space, which can cause tremendous destruction.
Space guests
It should be noted that in the entire history of mankind, there were not few cases of falling celestial bodies, remember the most famous of them.
Goba. This is one of the oldest and largest meteorites that fell on Earth before our era into the territory of modern Namibia. The Millennium Giant Balb was buried under the thickness of the Earth, so they found the Space body only in 1920. According to scientists calculations, at the time of the fall, the object weighed about 90 tons, but during the stay on our planet its weight decreased to 60 tons. In addition, each of the tourists is trying to take care of him although a small part of this giant, so Goba begins to gradually "melt".
Tunguska meteorite. In June 1908, residents observed a huge blazing ball, at an altitude of 10 km from the ground, the ball exploded, the power of the explosion was so powerful that it was recorded devices around the world. The power of the explosion was comparable to the rupture of the hydrogen bomb, and humanity was just lucky that the meteorite was destined to fly by the unoccupied part of the River Basin of the Yenisei. Before entering the atmosphere of the planet, the weight of the space object could reach 1 million tons. With a drop of meteorites, it was several kilometers of territory, in a radius of 2 thousand kilometers, all trees were shed, and at hundreds of kilometers the house had absolutely all the windows. Within a radius of 40 kilometers an incredibly powerful explosive wave, animals and people were destroyed. And a few days after the treasury of the space body, the sky and the clouds glowing unusual color. However, the main mystery is that such a giant left a large crater from himself, as it happens when there is a fall of such a huge object from space.
Sikhote-Alin Meteorite, Far East. In 1947, a huge heavenly object fell on the territory of the Far East in the form of a meteorite rain, which, as a result of entering the earthly atmosphere, split into many pieces. The scatter area of \u200b\u200bthe meteorite exceeded 10 square kilometers, and the objects were left on Earth more than 30 craters with a diameter of 7 to 30 meters. Then the scientists managed to collect about 27 tons of debris of the heavenly body.
Meteorite Sterlitamak. A giant object weighing 315 kg fell in the vicinity of Sterlitamak in 1990, as a result of the fall, a funnel formed with a diameter of more than 10 meters.
Chelyabinsk meteorite. Perhaps this is the most popular space object at this time, which fell to Earth on February 15, 2013, its flight was recorded by several cameras. A powerful explosive wave in three hundred houses was knocked out all the glass, more than one and a half thousand people were injured. The weight of the largest wreckage found by scientists was more than 500 kg, this object became one of the largest cosmic bodies that fell on our planet.