Gives you the opportunity to meet and learn one of the oldest and most widespread languages \u200b\u200bin the world - Arabic language.
Arabic is considered the official language in the following countries of the world: Algeria, Bahrain, Djibouti, Egypt, Western Sahara, Jordan, Iraq, Yemen, Qatar, Comoros, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya, Mauritania, Morocco, United Arab Emirates, Oman, Palestinian Authority, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Somalia, Sudan, Tunisia, Chad, Eritrea. Arabic is spoken by about 290 million people (240 as their mother tongue and 50 as their second language).
The Arabic language played an important role in the history of world culture: extensive fiction and scientific literature was created in it in the Middle Ages. A huge number of Arabic words entered the languages \u200b\u200bof many Asian and African peoples. Even in European languages, including Russian, there are words borrowed from Arabic (algebra, azimuth, zenith, alcohol, genie, shop, treasury, coffee, safari, tariff, etc.).
Currently, the Arabic language exists in two significantly different forms, on the one hand, there is the Arabic literary language - the language of education, print, radio, science, literature, oratory, common to all Arab countries, on the other hand, there are Arabic colloquial languages, or dialects, used by the population in everyday communication. The spoken language of each Arab country differs both from the common Arabic literary language and from the spoken languages \u200b\u200bof other Arab countries.
Like all language learners from scratch, we will talk about literary Arabic. The online lessons on the site are based on the self-instruction manual of V.S.Segal (). Its peculiarity is that it allows you to get to know the language gradually, without throwing you at once with a stream of incomprehensible and complex Arabic letters. Also errors were fixed, animation of letters was added, answers were added, which can be viewed by dragging the mouse over the key:. Also added audio! Not only will you learn to read and write in Arabic, but you will also begin to understand the language by ear. Lessons are free.
Jump to - ›lesson list‹ - (Press)
If the opportunity to connect with 290 million people is not a big motivation for you to learn Arabic, then it might be, for example, the desire to stand out from the crowd. Few people know Arabic. And if now you just seem very smart, then in the future you can build a successful career. The Middle East has a very large economic potential, so knowledge of the language and culture is beneficial and promising.
In today's environment of growing animosity between the Arab world and the West, understanding the Islamic religion is key to overcoming the crisis. People who speak Arabic can overcome cultural and linguistic barriers between countries, help resolve or avoid international conflict, and help businesses to successfully conduct international trade. In addition, knowledge of Arabic opens the door to other languages. For example, 50% of the words of the Farsi language are made up of Arabic words. The situation is similar with Urdu and Turkish. Hebrew is also linguistically related to Arabic, making it easier to understand grammatical and semantic concepts in languages.
The Arabs are hospitable. As soon as you say a few words in Arabic in front of a native speaker, they will be delighted and willing to help you in any way they can. And try to do the same, for example, in German in front of the Germans - it is unlikely that this will greatly surprise them. Arabs are proud of their language and will be glad to see someone making an attempt to learn it.
Arabic is the 5th most spoken language in the world, and the migration processes of recent years have only increased its spread. More recently, Arabic has become the second most common language in Sweden, and it has always been Finnish. Until Arabic has taken over the world, you still have time to study it!
You've probably found something interesting on this page. Recommend it to a friend! Better yet, place a link to this page on the Internet, VKontakte, blog, forum, etc. For example:
Learning Arabic
We'll start with a magical action: please open your notebooks to the last page, this is a very important point. Having opened the notebook from the last page, we will do one more symbolic action - we will start writing in the opposite direction, that is, from right to left. The entire Arab world not only writes, but also thinks from right to left. After all, language, and especially writing, is not just icons, but, in fact, a set of mentality key codes.
It will look almost the same as the letter Ba, except for two dots above the letter. It also resembles a paper clip. That is why I have characterized this entire group of letters Ba, Ta, Sa, Nun, Ya as "dot-staple" consonants.
Learn to read the Holy Quran in Arabic. In this series of lessons, friends, we examine the most famous and beloved suras of the Holy Quran in terms of language. No translation can accurately convey the Arabic original text. This is why I encourage my students to make an effort to learn the basics of Arabic grammar.
In this video series, I will help you take your first steps in reading and completing Arabic documents. We will not consider any specific document, but focus on the most frequently encountered columns and questions. Counts: gender and citizenship
In this video series, I will help you take your first steps in reading and completing Arabic documents. We will not consider any specific document, but focus on the most frequently encountered columns and questions.
I am Elena Klevtsova, an Arabic language teacher and methodologist. Methodists are restless people who never sit still and are constantly looking for new ways to learn more easily and effectively. In this case, the Arabic language. And I managed to invent a system by which I successfully teach my students the basics of Arabic writing in just three lessons, in just three hours.
As part of our new heading, Arabic writing for beginners, today we will analyze the first surah of Al-Fatiha with you. Ayat seventh. Features of writing in the Quran. Now we will take a closer look at how each letter is spelled out here, and what additional icons mean here.
Memorizing and using Arabic phrases is a simple and stress-free way to gradually immerse yourself in language and culture. Absolutely without making any special efforts, after six months you will begin to hear and understand the general outline of speech, since everyday speech always consists of standard cripples and clichés.
And now we will play a little with the Arabic alphabet and try to write down some Russian words transcribed in Arabic letters! As we did in the previous example ... After all, the word "bandage" is not only an Arab girl! In Russian, "bandage" is a bandage)))
As part of our new heading, Arabic writing for beginners, today we will analyze with you the first surah of Al-Fatiha. Ayat sixth. Features of writing in the Quran. Now we will take a closer look at how each letter is spelled here, and what additional icons mean here.
As part of our new heading, Arabic writing for beginners, today we will analyze with you the first surah of Al-Fatiha. Ayat fifth. Features of writing in the Quran. Now we will take a closer look at how each letter is spelled here, and what additional icons mean here.
As part of our new heading, Arabic writing for beginners, today we will analyze the first surah of Al-Fatiha with you. Ayat third. Features of writing in the Quran. Now we will take a closer look at how each letter is spelled here, and what additional icons mean here.
As part of our new heading, Arabic writing for beginners, today we will analyze with you a simple word Jazar - Carrot in Arabic. This is a simple 3-letter word that will help us understand how different letters are spelled and sound within a word.
As part of our new heading, Arabic writing for beginners, today we will analyze with you the first surah of Al-Fatiha. Ayat second. Features of writing in the Quran. Now we will take a closer look at how each letter is spelled here, and what additional icons mean here.
As part of our new heading, Arabic writing for beginners, today we will analyze with you a simple word Basl - onion in Arabic. This is a simple 3-letter word that will help us figure out how the different letters are spelled and sound within a word.
As part of our new heading, Arabic writing for beginners, today we will analyze the first surah of Al-Fatiha with you. Ayat first. Features of writing in the Quran. Now we will take a closer look at how each letter is spelled out here, and what additional icons mean here.
We continue to learn to speak Arabic. Introductory words give our speech liveliness and ease. Today we will learn words like “maybe, maybe”. Today we will study a whole 6 words, such as "I think, I suppose, I am sure, I think." All of these words are verbs. So, we have six new verbs. Go!
We continue to analyze the main conversational topics. And today the issue of work is on the agenda. What do you do for a living? What is your profession? What do you do? Let's learn how to ask these simple and important questions.
Author's method of fast learning Arabic.Tested on children.
If after that someone can read the Koran - the author is not to blame.
He had other goals, but - Good luck!
Different people have different thinking, therefore, for example, physicists and lyricists should be taught foreign languages \u200b\u200bin completely different ways. However, in all existing textbooks of a foreign language, one can feel the same "kondy" German approach: unnecessary thoroughness, an abundance of unnecessary, stupid, unstructured information at the start, tediousness that kills mood and motivation after 5 pages and puts you to sleep after ten.
That is, it is often not the student who is to blame, but the teaching system "messes up".
Roughly speaking, the teacher is to blame.
As if someone had put in a filter - from the "unworthy" of a foreign language.
And so the "cutoff" is being conducted ...
But why was a book written for this, why was it called a "textbook"
and why did you get "crap" of little use for training ??
Some books should be called - not textbooks, but "turnstiles"
like, you made your way - you go further, did not make it - sit-chicken-bamboo ...
Existing textbooks are poorly designed for the thinking of a normal Russian person.
modern, not "outdated" version. When you are told the obvious platitudes, clearly rewritten over the last 100 years, you get the feeling that you "got hit" ... the thought that you turned out to be smarter than your teacher, and the teacher "plays out" - very much interfere with learning.
Perhaps philologists wrote textbooks - for people with a different background,
Perhaps the "back ground" of the average student has grown in 100 years
or the techniques are outdated.
Also, it may be that people who do not know anything useful, except languages, increase the value of their knowledge, spreading show-off and meaningful snot - where everything can be explained more easily, on the fingers and faster and more interesting.
Can a teacher be a bore?
After all, language is a means of communication.
The author of the textbook, the teacher, already has a "loan" from the student who bought and picked up the textbook. And if a student quits learning, perhaps also because the author does not "pull out" - maybe because he is a bad teacher? It is not customary to criticize teachers, but here the criticism is not from the student, but from “Colleagues in the Shop”. And in this case, criticism is more than appropriate. Because there is no need for bad teachers - to scare away students - from all teachers.
Let's take Arabic.
Most of the fears of learning Arabic are due to its writing,
Which the textbook presents in such a way that ... you begin to understand the Inquisition ...
Often textbooks focus on layers of language - from Islam and the Koran.
if the textbook is Soviet, it is based on the experience of building communism.
What for??
Why scare a person by aggressively imposing alien (for a Russian) person's archetypes of behavior? It is not necessary for the Orthodox and atheists to immediately give the words meaning "namaz" and "Akbar".
That is, these words must be present, but then, where their presence will be justified by the logic of teaching, and not just by the teacher's desire, immediately "convert" the student to his Faith. The disciple came for another. And the market says that you should respect your consumer. In the end, the student came to the teacher of the Arabic language, and not in the madrasah.
How to get the student interested.
How do you get motivated?
The Arabic language - it is the Russian and Orthodox Christians who make it possible to touch the Biblical texts - in a different coordinate system. And to understand the innermost meanings, which (alas) disappeared without a trace in Russian translations - from Greek translations.
For instance. King Herod turns out to be "the king of the Earth". Ard and Herod (earth) are spelled the same.
Bethlehem - (beit lahm) - turns out to be a house of sheep, a barn. Like the popular prints showing the stable where Jesus was born.
The English queen "Bloody Mary" turns out to be the "Mother of the State".
Pharisees - turn out to be ordinary Persians or horsemen.
Sadukkie - friends, brothers, monks.
Pharaohs are simply the chiefs of these horsemen.
Kagan is the High Priest.
It becomes clear the possible meaning of the "new spelling" of the name Jesus (the appearance of the second letter "and") during the Great Schism of the 17th century - precisely as a result of the translation of Arabic texts into "Cyrillic". the stroke under the consonant "and" is the second "and", which is written, but not necessarily read. And the main dispute of the split acquires a different logic and harmony. This is precisely from the translation of Semitic texts - through Greek - into Russian.
The best motivation.
There is such an "Old Belarusian language". This is a language in which an ordinary text in Old Russian is written in Arabic letters. Agree, it's nice when, in the process of learning one modern language, you find yourself "in the load" as a speaker of another, moreover, ancient one.
The laws of "Freebies" (sweetness - in Arabic) have not been canceled. And the learning process turns out to be more effective if you lead the student "from freebies to freebies."))
An example of the text of the "Old Belarusian language" from the Web. This is an Old Slavonic language written in Arabic script.
My teacher, a KGB scholar, once gave a very pertinent advice in that situation - not to try to translate your life into Arabic. University, cinema and clubs are images of a different culture, for which another language is better suited.
It is more useful to come up with an "image" of an Arab - and tell from him. It is the language of nomadic peasants, with 70 words for camel and 5 verbs for "to think". No need to complicate ...
Let me be 5 brothers and 6 sisters,
your father has three wives and three houses.
It is easier to learn from an authentic map than to suck it out of your finger, as if subtly calling the concepts of "landing troops", "institute", "potatoes", "privatization" and "investment banking business", which are absent in Arab culture.
So, the first principle of memorizing letters is "Shemakhansky".
As the hero of Pushkin's fairy tale said: "Reign lying on your side" ...
Many Arabic characters - you can memorize by tilting your head to the right - or to the left.
For example, the "European" numbers 2, 3, 4, 6, 7 are frankly of Arabic origin. It was just that someone "screwed up", sat "drunk" and wrote down the numbers, sitting "to the left" - from the source. Or "tyril" over the shoulder.
Second.
For some reason, it is not customary to talk about this, but almost all Latin and Slavic letters were derived from Arabic script. Don't believe me? It's just not accepted to talk about it. But - calmly and without panic, take a closer look at the letters. If it doesn't work out straight, try writing them not from right to left, as the Arabs themselves write. And to reproduce them "in our way", as we write, from left to right.
If you haven’t found out, try to relax, imagine how Cyril and Methodius "tyril" letters from the Arabs, without indicating their sources. In order not to deduct the copyright. Still, the Arabs have "close relatives" (perhaps even Cyril and Methodius themselves). try again writing letters from left to right. And look at the clues.
so, to convey information in the Old Belarusian language, you need to write Arabic letters - from right to left.
And these letters are modified Russian (Latin letters).
In Arabic, only consonants and long (stressed) vowels are written.
Short vowels are not written.
- in the Arabic alphabet there is no letter "p", the Arabs use the letter "b"
- the letter "g" - similar to Russian.
- two times the letter "and". Once at the end of a word, another in the middle. It can be seen from two points below it. The spelling is different, but - these two dots "betray" her.
Two times the letter "c". Its spelling anywhere (at the beginning in the middle, at the end - the same)
Voting rule
The Arabic alphabet has only 28 letters.
Strictly speaking, they are all consonants. Vowel sounds (and there are only three of them) are transmitted by means of special symbols that are placed "above" or "below" the letter. The icons are called "vocalizations".
Vocations "a", "and", "y" - are called "Fatah, kesra, damma"
A - stroke above the consonant from above
"and" - stroke from below,
"y" is a comma on top,
"without a vowel" - a circle, "sukkun",
the ending "an" - two strokes above the consonant letter
shadda "w" - consonant doubling.
the ending "in" - two strokes under the consonant letter
This is how the previous sentence "let's talk" -
will look in "old Belarusian" with vowels.
In most cases, in Arabic books and the media, you will not find texts with vocalizations. Why? Because the Arabs perfectly read and understand these texts even without vocalizations. This is comparable to when in Russian we meet the letter "E" without dots, but we understand that this is exactly "E". This is experience and skill. A couple of months of reading the manuals of their textbook - and it will appear for anyone.
Vocations were developed by medieval philologists. One of the theories of their origin is as follows: in those days, a large number of people accepted Islam - without knowing the language. And so that "fresh" Muslims could read the Qur'an without mistakes, a system of vocalizations was adopted. Nowadays vowels can be found mainly in textbooks, in some Holy books (the Koran, the Bible), in reference books and dictionaries. But rotating in this environment - anyone begins to read and understand the texts without any vocalizations.
The Arabic script makes it possible to better understand the speakers of the Turkic, Iranian and Caucasian languages. And due to the fact that Moscow is already the largest Tajik, Tatar, Azerbaijani, Uzbek city - it is advisable to have it just in case, let it be ... Because this writing allows you to better understand the grammar of the language. After all, doubling, transfer of vowels - in these languages \u200b\u200bwas historically justified by "Vyazyu", and when written in Latin or Cyrillic - the logic is much more complicated.
The main thing is not to be afraid and understand that the rejection of the Arabic language in the Russian cultural field may not have always happened. You might find that someone really deliberately destroyed the "Semitisms" (Arabisms) in Russian culture. You can see that many of the principles of Russian cursive / shorthand writing amusingly repeat the laws of Arabic calligraphy (of course, in their mirror image).
Russian endings (for example, for adjectives) in Arabic are not written in 2-3 letters that do not carry information (-th, -th, -th, -th), but are made with one short stroke. After all, the Slavic ancestors were not masochists when they left themselves in the language - endings that sometimes turned out to be longer than the word itself. In a word, the experience of the Arabic language is only an opportunity to regain what your ancestors had.
By the way - all European languages \u200b\u200bcan have such "Arabic" experience. It is known that the most ancient documents of the Afrikaans language (and this is, excuse me, the language of the Dutch settlers of the 17th and 18th centuries to Africa) were written in Arabic script. It is known that in the 20th century there were translations of writing into Cyrillic and Latin, after which, on the territory of Russia and Turkey, ALL documents written in ligature were destroyed.
That is, perhaps it is necessary not so much to "teach" as to try to "wake up" the subconscious.
The Arabic script is not at all complicated, but it surprisingly helps to "reveal" different ways of thinking in a person: analog, creative, composite ...
True, there was such a story. Once in a large Russian bank I had to teach the basics of economics to local managers. I was horrified to discover that top management did not understand the scheme at all, could not read pictures. And can only read sequential text.
That is, the evolution of the banking business in the country went very strangely. According to the principle of "washing out" people with abstract thinking from it. That is, those who do not know how to think abstractedly have come together. All the dignity of which is the ability to "be shit" ... It will be more difficult to become a banker with training in Arabic. But we are learning the language - for a different development ...
So if you are going to work in banks (or with such a category of people) - stop learning Arabic (and forget what I already said). Otherwise, then you will have to stupidly hide a third of the brain in order to correspond to the "environment" and especially to the authorities.
But there is nothing terrible in abstract, creative thinking. In the end, when a crowd of Caucasian youth stops you in a dark alley, there is no need to panic. Turn on your brains for real. As a rule, this does not mean anything bad, except that the youth have nothing to do with their time, and you have a reason to drink together. And you need to know how to see this occasion. And how to develop it correctly.
The picture below shows two three-letter Arabic words.
Of course, since we are learning Old Belarusian, perhaps it was worth writing exactly the Old Belarusian word of three letters, but - to those who need it, by the end of the lesson he will write it himself ...
three letters are three troughs. Dots above the letter - show that the first word is "BIT", the second is BNT "
as already mentioned, even without vocalizations, a literate Arab will guess
that these are the words Byte - house (hamsa and two sukkuns - in vowels),
and Bint - a girl (kesra and two sukkuns).
With vowels - two words will look like this.
I draw in Adobe with a mouse, whoever doesn't like it - draw yourself.
Pencil, paper, sharpener - forward.
For many, beautiful handwriting is a sufficient aesthetic satisfaction,
to practice Arabic. But we are here - about the harmony of the language as a whole,
not the beauty of his handwriting. Although - you will be pleased to think that after one day of training you will be able to write Arabic words - more beautiful than your teacher.
Finally.
There is no need to be complex because of your insufficient knowledge of the Arabic language - in front of today's carriers of Arabic culture.
First, all Arabs you are interested in (for one reason or another) speak Russian or English. And the English language for them - objectively will be objectively more comfortable to explain the terms of European culture. The Arabic language is an opportunity to touch the Arab culture - in general, and not to a specific person in particular.
Secondly, one must understand that the Arab culture of the Middle East is still rather a young culture. Its renaissance in the Middle East appeared only at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries. And when you get acquainted with the works of German and Russian Arabists (Krachkovsky's four-volume edition), you see and understand that at the end of the 19th century the centers for the study of the Arabic language and the Koran were Berlin, Kazan, St. Petersburg ... And not Cairo and Damascus ...
The centers of Arab culture - Jerusalem and Riyadh - became only in the second half of the 20th century ... and before that, an ordinary Arab in the desert washed himself with camel urine in the morning, jumped on a camel - and wandered to the neighboring oasis. And for the higher manifestations of culture - the harsh desert life then did not leave space and resources. This is not good, not bad. Walk through museums in Arab countries to understand the meager and dreary life of nomads - half a century ago.
To catch up.
Arabs consider "a" and "o" - as one vowel,
they do not distinguish between these vowels.
they distinguish front consonants.
They have different consonants with which the syllables "sa" and "so" begin.
Therefore, they have two consonants - where we have - one.
And they are two different letters - "t", "s", "d", "th", "z". One of them is "front" - after it "a" is heard,
and the other is back, followed by an "o".
The difference between them is enormous.
Kalb and Kalb are almost imperceptible for the Russian ear, but for the Arab - "heart" or "dog". A gentle compliment - or an insult. They always call one well-known Israeli politician "Kalb-wa-ibn-al-kalb" (Dog - and the son of a dog).
And if you confuse it ... it will not turn out very beautifully ...
The letter that simply means a short sound "o" - they convey through the special letter "ain", means a throaty "half-wheeze" and which in the recording looks like a "non-Russian" letter "b", as in the word "B-b- lgaria "
Cyril and Methodius pulled ideas - obviously not from the Greeks (or not only from the Greeks).
But for some reason it was forbidden to see Semitic roots in the Russian Empire.
That is, it was possible to see the roots - from some "Greek" language of 2 thousand years ago. And the "Arab" roots are relatively young - they did not notice.
Soviet Arabist Vashkevich. By the way, I found hundreds of parallels between Russian and Arabic. You can find a lot about this on the web. Here are examples only for the letter "e".
BUT, barely - the same as barely. ♦ From the Arabic علة yillah "weakness".
EMELYA, Give up Emelya is not your week (proverb. Dal) - Behind the name of Emelya is Arabic عمل amal "work".
Eremey, every Eremey think about yourself (proverb. Dal) - mind about yourself. ♦ Behind the name Eremey, the Arabic آمر "a: mara" to arrange a conspiracy.
YERMIL, redneck Yermil, yes, the townspeople are dear (proverb. Dal). ♦ behind the name Yermil the Arabic أرمل "armal" widow ".
Nonsense, carry nonsense - tell a lie, talk nonsense. ♦ Behind the Russian nonsense is the Arabic ده غير gerun yes "not that this", i.e. wrong. For the Russian, carry the Arabic نصت nassa (t) (g. Genus) "to pronounce the text", "to read". The grammatical term of Latin grammar comes from ar. جرد garrada "to form the original simplest grammatical form of the word".
It takes practice to learn a language.
beautiful handwriting is in itself a reason for pride.
After 10 conscious spellings, a person automatically remembers everything.
Paper, pencil, sharpener - and as in childhood - through writing.
What is scary in Arabic studies is the multiplicity of writing of the same letter. initial, final, middle, separate. But - these are just the principles of adding a letter.
As in a Georgian joke:
Wilka - a bottle - is written without a soft sign,
salt beans - with soft
ponAT it is impossible - it is necessary to turn into it ...
Here it is worth telling an anecdote that all Russians who have lived for a long time in Arab countries know about.
When a "regular Arab" decides to learn Russian, he learns the Russian alphabet for several days, in the process of studying which he annoys everyone around him. Who can hardly tolerate his senseless boringness. we know that the Russian language must be taught differently. And those who change the way they study succeed. But - Arabic really needs to be learned starting with letters - and going from the roots of words - to more complex meanings.
And to the oral language - it is advisable to go through the written language.
sometimes you think that those who developed methods of teaching children English and French went through the "torture of Semitic languages." Because you can see the "ears" of other methods, poorly suited for European languages.
Why did I begin to tell all this?
definitely - not just to teach the basics of the Arabic language.
And certainly not so that you sit down at the Holy Books tonight. Although - I repeat - if anything - it's not my fault. This is your subconscious mind. Arabs truly believe that Arabic is the language of angels. So it is possible that there is something "in the subconscious".
More in order to tell in detail that the connections between Russian, Slavic culture - and the Semitic, Arabic languages \u200b\u200b- are much stronger than we were taught from childhood. We were even forced to read the Bible translated from Greek and German. Although Arabic is the closest of the world languages \u200b\u200b- to the biblical. When they choose a long way to get acquainted with the Truths, it means that they want to deceive someone, to fool their brains. And perhaps there is a reason for not revealing everything to us.
Congratulations on such an important decision! You are determined to learn Arabic, but how do you choose a method? What book to choose for study and how to start “speaking” as quickly as possible? We have prepared a guide for you on modern courses and methods of studying the Arabic language.
First, decide on a goal to achieve which you need to learn Arabic. Would you like to study works on Sharia sciences without waiting for translation? Understand the Quran in the original? Or maybe you are planning to visit an Arabic-speaking country? Are you planning to attract new partners to your business?
It's one thing if you need to learn a language for simple everyday situations in order to communicate at the airport, in a store or hotel, and another thing if you plan to read the books of early scholars in the original.
Determining the ultimate goal is a very important step in making your training most effective. Learning a language is a long and challenging journey, and a clear understanding of your motivations for learning a language will help you not give up in the middle.
Arabic alphabet
Whatever goal you set yourself, start by learning the alphabet. Many people try to skip this step, relying on transliteration of Arabic words. But sooner or later, you still have to return to this step, besides, you will have to retrain the words that you have already memorized. It's better to start from scratch right away. At first, when learning the alphabet, it can be difficult, but then you will be convinced that it does not take much time. Also, do not forget about developing writing skills, buy or print copybooks and try to regularly study and write as many Arabic words as possible on them. It is reading by syllables and writing that will help you learn letters in different positions. Of course, it will be bad at first, and it will take you a while to get used to the method of writing, but with a little effort you will learn how to write Arabic text.
Practice a lot of pronunciation of letters, even in a whisper. Our articulatory apparatus needs to get used to new positions, and the more you repeat, the faster you will learn.
Choice to Study Islamic Sciences
To prepare for understanding and reading Arabic-language literature, and Sharia books in particular, in addition to vocabulary, it is necessary to master the grammar of the language. A good choice would be Dr. Abdur Rahim's Medina course. Despite the fact that it has little vocabulary, the course is very global and systemic in terms of grammar and provides gradual learning for the student. The main advantage of the Medina course is a clear system of presenting material without dry formal statements of rules. Ajurrumia is practically dissolved in it and, with stable learning, by the end of the second volume you will have half of the basic grammar in your head.
But the Medina course takes extra effort to build vocabulary. There are many additional materials to it - like taabir or kyraa (small reading aids), and any aids to strengthen vocabulary or listening skills. For the most effective teaching, the Medina course should be taken in a comprehensive manner, or in addition to take a course that is aimed at the development of reading, speech, such as Al-Arabiya Bayna Yadeik.
Choice for colloquial speech
For the development of communication skills, a good choice would be the course Al-Arabiya baina Yadeik or Ummul-Kura (al-Kitab ul-Assassiy). The study of al-arabiyya baina yadeik is more common, with the emphasis on speaking practice. A big plus is that from the very first lessons you can learn the phrases necessary for simple communication, practice the pronunciation of letters. Particular attention is paid to listening. This course was written for foreigners who came to work in Saudi Arabia, and is designed so that the student can “painlessly” build vocabulary and speak Arabic. After completing the first volume, you will be able to speak correctly on simple everyday topics, distinguish Arabic speech by ear, and write.
In the future, when studying these courses, you must additionally take grammar. For example, after completing the second volume, you can additionally take the course of Ajurumiya.
How to improve vocabulary
One of the problems that students of any foreign language face is insufficient vocabulary. There are many ways to learn new words and they are also effective for the Arabic language. Of course, the best way to learn words is to memorize them in context. Read more books in Arabic, and at the beginning, short stories and dialogues, emphasizing and highlighting new words. They can be written out and pasted around the house, they can be entered into special applications that allow you to learn words anywhere (like Memrise), just write them down in a dictionary. In any case, set aside at least 30 minutes to repeat the words.
When pronouncing a word, imagine it in the most colorful way, or use picture cards - this way you use several parts of the brain at once. Describe the word for yourself, draw parallels and make logical chains - the more connections your brain creates, the faster the word will be remembered.
Use learned words in conversation. This is the most effective method, and the most natural. Make sentences with new words, pronounce them as often as possible, of course, do not forget to repeat the newly learned words.
Developing auditory skills
Particular attention should be paid to the development of the ability to understand Arabic speech by ear. Do not neglect listening, practice shows that very many can read and understand, but not everyone succeeds in understanding what the interlocutor said. For this, no matter how trite it may sound, you need to listen to more audio materials. There are enough short stories, stories and dialogues in Arabic on the web, many of which are supported by text or subtitles. Many resources offer a small test at the end to check how much you understood what you read.
Listen again as many times as necessary, over and over again, and you will notice that each time you will understand more and more. Try to understand the meaning of unfamiliar words from the context, and then check the meaning of words in a dictionary. do not forget to write out new words in order to learn them later. The more vocabulary you have, the easier you will understand speech.
What to do if practically nothing is clear? Perhaps you have taken too difficult material. Start with the simplest, no need to take complex audio right away, which are intended rather for those who are fluent in the language. Choose announcers who speak intelligibly and clearly in simple literary language.
Consistency is important in developing listening skills. It is necessary to study more, and not to despair, even if it seems that you almost do not understand anything. As you expand your vocabulary and practice, you will begin to distinguish more and more words, and then understand the original Arabic speech.
We start talking
You need to start talking as early as possible. Do not wait until you have a large enough vocabulary, you can start building the simplest dialogues after the first lessons. Let them be banal, but do not neglect the development of speaking skills and diction. Communicate with your relatives, classmates on various topics. Didn't find the interlocutor? You can talk to yourself in front of the mirror, the main thing is to introduce new learned words into your speech, to transfer them from the "passive" vocabulary to the "active" one. Memorize fixed expressions and try to use them as often as possible.
Additionally, take tongue twisters, pronouncing them is a great simple method to improve diction. What is it for? Our organs of the speech apparatus are used to pronouncing native sounds, and in the Arabic language there are many specifics. Therefore, a good solution would be, along with measured reading, speaking practice, from time to time to practice pronouncing Arabic tongue twisters. As a nice bonus, it will help you get rid of your accent faster.
Letter
The further you go in learning Arabic, the more you will have to write. For example, already on the second volume of the Medina course, assignments in a lesson up to 20, 10-15 pages. By practicing in time, you will greatly facilitate your learning process in the future. Write down what you learned, new words and sentences daily. Write down even those exercises that are assigned for reading or oral performance. If your vocabulary and basic knowledge of grammar allows, describe what happened to you during the day, invent and write down new dialogues.
By developing these skills, you approach the study of the Arabic language in a holistic manner, from all sides - and this is the most effective method. Do not forget about consistency in training, and diligence on your part. Even the most advanced methods don't work on their own. In order to learn a language, you just need to study. Of course, there are more and less effective methods - for example, learning a language with a native speaker, especially in an Arab country, you will start speaking faster, because such classes take place with full immersion in the language environment. But even studying at home, choosing the most effective methods worked out over the years, you can achieve a good result.
- there you can find a lot of useful materials in different languages \u200b\u200band in 12 weeks you can pump your Arabic on your own.
Good textbooks on phonetics:
5) Kovalev A.A., Sharbatov G.Sh. "Textbook of the Arabic language" In the introductory phonetic course, the position of the speech organs when pronouncing all sounds is described in detail and there are exercises for practicing.
6) Lebedev V.G., Tyureva L.S. “Practical course of the Arabic literary language. Introductory course »Here, the position of the organs of speech is also described in detail when pronouncing all sounds and there are exercises for practicing.
Recipe
7) Arabic language. Writing. Alphabet, reading, writing ("Dilya" publishing house). All letters of the Arabic language in all positions in the word.
8) “Kharisova G.Kh. Arabic script ”Also excellent script.
9) Imran Alawiye Arabic without tears. The manual is beautifully designed, the most common font is given.
Essential Skills Resources (Reading, Writing, Speaking, Listening):
Online resources:
11) CultureTalk on LangMedia - This site contains videos of native speakers of different languages \u200b\u200bwho talk about interesting aspects of their cultures. All videos are provided with a text file with a recording of the speaker's speech.
Good tutorials:
- Lebedev V.G., Tyureva L.S. “Practical course of the Arabic literary language. Normative course ". A very complete course, covering most of the everyday topics.
- Ibragimov I.D. "Intensive course of the Arabic language". Classic textbook, excellent grammar plus basic conversational topics.
- Educational-methodical kit for the Arabic language "Al-'arabiyya bayna yadaik" for non-Arabic-speaking students
Grammar
Online resources:
Good grammar textbooks
- Bernikova O.A. Arabic grammar in tables and diagrams.
- Bolotov V.N. Arabic language. Handbook of grammar.
- Sarbulatov I. Entertaining sarfology (Arabic morphology).
- Khaibullin I.N. Arabic grammar. Summary.
- Chernov P.V. Handbook of the grammar of the Arabic literary language.
- Yushmanov N.V. The grammar of the literary Arabic language.
- Yakovenko E.V. Irregular Arabic verbs.
Textbooks on dialects of the Arabic language (list, without links, probably found on the Internet):
16) Arabian dialect group (Kuwait, Iraq, Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Qatar, UAE, Oman, Yemen):
- Accent on Iraq
- Alkalesi Y. Iraqi Phrasebook
- Alkalesi Y.M. Modern Iraqi Arabic
- Arabic Dialect of Sana'a (Advanced Dialogues)
- Blanc H. Communal Dialects in Baghdad
- Clarity B.E., Stowasser K., Wolfe R.G. Dictionary of Iraqi Arabic (English-Arabic)
- CRE - Iraqi Arabic from English
- De Jong Rudolf E. A Grammar of the Bedouin Dialects of Central and Southern Sinai
- Defense Language Institute. Arabic Basic Course. Iraqi dialect
- FSI. Saudi Arabic Basic Course. Urban hijazi dialect
- Holes C. Colloquial Arabic of the Gulf and Saudi Arabia: A Complete Language Course
- Ingham Bruce. Najdi Arabic: Central Arabian
- Khoshaba M. Iraqi Dialect Versus Standard Arabic
- Mutahhar Abd al-Rahman, Watson J. Social Issues in Popular Yemeni Culture (book + audio)
- Qafisheh H.A. A Basic Gulf Arabic: Base on Colloquial Abu Dhabi Arabic (book + audio)
- Qafisheh H.A. Yemeni Arabic 1
- Qafisheh H.A. Yemeni Arabic 2
- Qafisheh Hamdi A. A Short Reference Grammar of Gulf Arabic
- Scenes from Yemeni life (Yemeni dialect)
- Van Wagoner M.Y., Satterthwait A., Rice F. Spoken Arabic (Saudi)
- Woodhead D.R. Dictionary of Iraqi Arabic (Arabic - English)
17) Egyptian-Sudanese Arabic:
- Abboud P., Lehn W. Beginning Cairo Arabic
- Abdel-Massih E.T. Egyptian Arabic: A Comprehensive Study, vol.I-IV
- Absi S.A., Sinaud A. Basic Chad Arabic. Spoken chad arabic
- Anwar Mohamed Sami. Be and Equational Sentences in Egyptian Colloquial Arabic
- CRE - Arabic from English
- Defense Language Institute. Arabic Basic Course. Egyptian dialect
- Khalafallah A.A. A Descriptive Grammar of Saɛi: di Egyptian Colloquial Arabic
- Louis S. Kallimni 'Arabi Aktar. An Upper Intermediate Course in Spoken Egyptian Arabic
- Louis S. Kallimni 'Arabi Bishweesh: A Beginners' Course in Spoken Egyptian Arabic
- McGuirk Russell. Colloquial Arabic of Egypt
- Mitchell T.F. Colloquial Arabic
- Pimsleur Egyptian Arabic: Level 1
- Smith I., Ama M.T. A Dictionary of Juba Arabic and English
- The Rough Guide to Egyptian Arabic Dictionary Phrasebook
- Wightwick J., Gaafar M. Colloquial Arabic of Egypt
- Wightwick J., Gaafar M. Michel Thomas Method: Arabic Advanced Course (Egyptian arabic)
- Wightwick J., Gaafar M. Michel Thomas Method: Arabic Vocabulary Course
- Wightwick J., Gaafar M. Teach Yourself Arabic Conversation
- Wightwick J., Gaafar M. Arabic Verbs & Essentials of Grammar
18) Maghreb dialect group (Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya):
- Abdel-Massih E.T. Advanced Moroccan Arabic
- Abdel-Massih E.T. An Introduction to Moroccan Arabic
- Amor Taoufik Ben. A Beginner's Course in Tunisian Arabic
- Ben Abdelkader Rached and others. Tunisian Arabic
- Boudlal Abdelaziz. The Prosody and Morphology of a Moroccan Arabic dialect
- Cherif A.A., Boukbout M., Mahmoudi M., Ouhmouch A. Moroccan Arabic (Darija)
- Chours Abdessalem. Competency Based Language Education Curriculum Guide
- Heath J. Jewish and Muslim Dialects of Moroccan Arabic
- Talmoudi F. The Arabic Dialect of Susa (Tunisia)
19) Levantine dialects (Syria, Lebanon):
- Cowell M.W. A Reference Grammar of Syrian Arabic
- Crow F.E. Arabic Manual. A colloquial handbook in the Syrian dialect
- Defense Language Institute. Arabic Basic Course. Syrian Dialect.
- Feghali M.N. Spoken lebanese
- Foreign Service Institute. Levantine Arabic Pronunciation
- Instant Immersion. Arabic Eastern. Colloquial Arabic.
Business Arabic
Online resource:
20) Basic Arabic for Business - very cool online course: animated dialogues, subtitles, exercises, everything is bright and colorful
21) Business Arabic tutorials:
1. Dubinina N.V., Kovyrshina N.A. Learn to write business letters.
Letters are given in Arabic with translation into English and Russian.
2. Bodnar S.N. Arabic language. The genre of commercial business papers and their language specifics
This wonderful book explains the linguistic and culturological features of many Arabic documents (invoice, bill of lading, etc.), at the end of the textbook examples are given for all types of documents.
3. Yakovenko EV Practical course of translation.
This is an ideal guide to developing a thesaurus in the field of news reports on social and political topics.
4. Ibragimov ID, Manuals on the topics "Economy", "Politics", "Social problems".
Very good, high-quality manuals, vocabulary is worked out thoroughly, there are lesson dictionaries, texts for independent work.
5. Mayburov N.A., Mayburov N.K. We read and translate an Arabic newspaper
The tutorial can be used as a continuation of the previous one in the topic. Good lexical base, detailed lexical features of newspaper text, a lot of examples and exercises for practicing new material.
Arabic tests
Qualifying exams:
25) The European Language Certificates (TELC) - language test of a German non-profit organization at B1 level. The test contains tasks for selecting headings for excerpts of text, reading the text and answering multiple choice questions, inserting missing words from the proposed options into the text, listening, etc.
26) Arabic Language Proficiency Test is an online version of the test developed by the Oriental institute in University of Leipzig. The test is divided into three levels: A1 / A2, B1 / B2, C1 / C2. You yourself can choose the level you want to check. The test includes multiple choice questions, listening and watching videos, open-ended questions.
27) California Subject Examinations for Teachers Test Guide is a sample test taken by Canadian Arabic teachers. The test includes only open-ended questions on language and culture: describe the role of the family in Arab society, change sentences in accordance with the given parameters, read a poem and give comments.
Level determination test:
28) ESL - Language Studies Abroad Arabic Test - a test in the Arabic language from an international company that organizes language courses around the world. The test includes 40 questions with 3 answer options. At the end you will be shown all the questions with correct answers and your level from A1 to B2 will be determined.
Common language tests:
Youtube channels
36) https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCcJV52bXxFldKMRoTrBDgSQ - AppyKids Arabia kids channel with songs and instructional videos, perfect for beginners listening