6 542
Most modern scientists try to limit the history of the development of human civilization to only the last few millennia. Until that time, in their view, there was a long and all-encompassing Stone Age. Perhaps everything would have remained the same if it had not been for the discovery of such ancient points of history as the city of Jericho in Israel and the Asia Minor Chatal Guyuk. They became the reason for the shift in the beginning of human existence by four to five thousand years ahead.
At the same time, modern science takes into account only those documentary evidence that was considered a century ago, while completely ignoring the evidence that makes it possible to calculate the history of the development of civilization on our planet in tens of millennia.
One of the most prominent historians was George Sinckell, who lived and worked at the turn of the eighth and ninth centuries after the birth of Christ. For many years this scientist preached in the lands of Palestine, in 784 - 806 he served as the personal secretary of the Patriarch of Constantinople Tarasius. After the death of the patriarch, Sinkella went to a monastery, where he devoted himself almost entirely to writing. His most famous scientific work can be considered the monograph “Selected Chronography”. In the process of creating this book, the works of many ancient authors were used, among which are Josephus Flavius, Manetho, as well as the famous Babylonian priest Berossus, whose works are distinguished by a large amount of unusual information.
George Sinkell was so highly erudite that he even allowed himself to reasonably convict Eusebius of Caesarea himself, the recognized father of church history, of falsifying the Egyptian historical chronicle. Sinkell wrote in his writings that the Egyptian people have a plate, which they call the "Old Chronicle," which describes three dozen dynasties that have developed over 113 generations over 36.5 thousand years. The first three dynasties, in his opinion, were the princes named Aurites, Mestroens and Egyptians. Sinkell writes that the "Chronicle" provides information that Hephaestus did not have a specific time, since he ruled both day and night. His son Helios ruled for thirty millennia, Chronos with 12 gods ruled for 3984 years. They were followed by eight demigods who ruled for 217 years.
There is also evidence of the philosopher Simplicius of Cilician, one of the founders of the school of Neoplatonism, founded and active in Alexandria. He was known for his serious attitude to facts and an extremely businesslike nature. According to him, the Egyptians carried out calculations in the field of astronomy for 630 thousand years. But even if it was not about years, but about months, the figure still turns out to be very impressive - about 52.5 thousand years.
There are other similar pieces of evidence. So, Diogenes Laertius, a famous historian and philosopher of late antiquity, who was distinguished by a sharp mind and no less sharp language, made the assumption that astronomical calculations were carried out in Egypt almost 50 thousand years earlier than they began to do during the time of Alexander the Great. And Marcian Capella, a famous encyclopedic writer who worked in the first half of the fifth century, was sure that the representatives of the Egyptian people spent more than 40 thousand years secret research of stars and only then presented their knowledge to the world.
The zodiac as proof of antiquity
Even the testimony of Manetho, whose teachings about dynasties are considered to be the cornerstone in the development of modern study of Egyptian history, suggests that the beginning of Egyptian civilization goes back a long way back in the centuries and that it is much more ancient than it is generally believed.
Some excerpts from his book entitled "History of Egypt" have survived, in which the historian claims that the first man, or God, who also became known as the discoverer of fire, was none other than Hephaestus. He had a son Helios, whose heir was Sosis, then the rulers of Egypt were Kronos, Osiris, Typhon, and after them - Horus. These were the first Egyptian rulers. Then the royal powers passed continuously from one to another for almost 14 thousand years, right up to Bidis.
Then, over the next 1255 years, various gods and demigods ruled Egypt, and in 1817, the power was in the hands of another royal family. Then came the turn of the kings from Memphis, who ruled the country for 1790 years, and then 10 more kings ruled for 350 years. After that, for almost 6 thousand years, Egypt was ruled by the "spirits of the dead."
A striking evidence of how the stars were located about 90 thousand years ago is the image of the zodiac, which adorned the ceiling of the Hathor temple in Dendera. Moreover, it was so beautiful that by order of Napoleon (during his Egyptian expedition) this ceiling was removed and transported to France, and a plaster copy was left in its place.
According to British ufologist Raymond Drake, the symbols of the astrological zodiac may indicate that the history of mankind has gone through three and a half large cycles, each of which is equal to 25,800 years. And even despite the fact that the temple in which this zodiac was created was destroyed long ago, thanks to the efforts of people who want to preserve the evidence of such deep knowledge of the ancients, the image of the zodiac was imprinted in copies.
Ninety thousand years - this leads modern scientists to the minds of shock, because it has become customary that the history of human civilization is estimated at about 4-5 thousand years. And this is not the only proof. Similar images of the zodiac were found in the Indian northern temples, and on clay tablets in Babylon.
Royal lists
It is also known that among the Semitic pastoralists who lived in the first half of the first millennium BC on the outskirts of Babylon and had the name "Chaldeans", so-called royal lists were also found, in which very, very ancient dates were present. As these lists testify, the history of the development of the Sumerian civilization, which preceded the Babylonian civilization in Mesopotamia, begins with the creation of man.
The Bible mentions 10 forefathers, beginning with Adam; The Sumerians called them the most ancient kings, and just like in the Holy Scriptures, there were 10. The biblical forefathers were known for their longevity, although if you compare them with the Sumerian gods, then the duration of their lives is not so great. One of these lists claims that there were eight kings in total, but they ruled for about 241.5 millennia. The second indicates that 10 rulers reigned for 456 millennia. Then there was a flood. However, thanks to the efforts of one of the surviving righteous men, human civilization was able to revive. At this time, a new royal dynasty arose, numbering 33 kings, who were perceived as gods and demigods. It was they who reigned over the next 24.5 thousand years. Further, several little-known royal dynasties were in power. And only then begins the history of development, which is perceived by modern science. The starting point is considered to be the death of an epic king named Gilgamesh at the very beginning of the 16th century BC.
Was humanity one?
Very interesting evidence about the history of the development of human civilization can be found in the mythology of the Aztecs and Maya tribes. They mention not one, but several civilizations, which is reflected in theosophical teachings. In one of the original monuments of Aztec culture - the Vaticanus Codex - it is said that the first race on the planet was represented by giants, but they died of starvation.
The second humanity died from a huge fire. However, part of him managed to escape by creating tunnels and chambers underground. The veracity of this theory is proved by numerous underground branched structures that are found not only in the Sahara or India, but also in South America and Western Europe. There are traces of such structures in Russia - in Karelia.
The third civilization was represented by intelligent monkeys who died from some incomprehensible disaster.
The fourth civilization was somewhat reminiscent of modern people, but all of its representatives were drowned during the Flood.
And only the fifth race lives and develops to this day. There are other similar documents dating back to the time of the Aztecs - the Telleriano-Remensis and Rios codes. They are about four civilizations, although in a slightly different sequence, each of them existed for about 4-5 thousand years. It is also interesting that in addition to the usual, traditional chronology for us, both the Aztecs and the Maya also used the so-called sacred years, each of which had its own duration: katun - 20, baktun - 400, pictun - 8 thousand, and alautun - 64 million years. So, for a start, it would be nice to understand exactly which years these tribes are talking about. Of course, such dates are shocking, so modern science prefers not to take them into account.
But, perhaps, it is nevertheless necessary to take them more seriously, especially since very numerous ancient artifacts found in various corners of our planet hint at this.
How long has humanity existed on our planet? Anthropological scientists cannot give an unambiguous answer to this question. Some are inclined to believe that man appeared on Earth about a million years ago, others call more significant dates. But no one dares to suggest a period that would exceed three million years. However, there are very interesting facts that can significantly undermine the harmonious theories of anthropologists.
So, in 1925, the anatomist Grigorovich, while walking along the banks of the Moskva River in the Kuntsov area, made an amazing find. The stone he found on the shore, in its shape surprisingly resembled a human brain, in which, due to his profession, Grigorovich could not be mistaken. And, as it turned out later, he was absolutely right. The studies carried out have confirmed that in the hands of scientists was a real fossilized human brain. It was absolutely clearly possible to see the hemispheres, convolutions, everything like a modern person. But the radiocarbon analysis of the find showed an incredible result - the rightful owner of this relic lived on Earth hundreds of millions of years ago, long before the first dinosaurs.
A mistake was ruled out, since a few years later, during the construction of a dam in the United States, a fragment of rock of the same age was found with a distinct trace of a grooved sole, remarkably similar to that of a human boot. Such paws simply could not have any animal.
So who decided that our civilization is the first and only one on our planet? The earth has been around for over four and a half billion years. During such a period, several civilizations could go through a historical cycle and leave almost no traces behind ...
When did civilization begin?
Fyodor Perfilov
The creations of human hands, walled up in rocks, whose age is estimated at millions of years, have recently been ignored. And not just anyone, but the scientists themselves. Indeed, the finds violated the generally recognized fact of human evolution and even the formation of life on Earth. We have already reported on some of the findings. What artifacts are found in rocks, in which, according to the existing theory of the origin and development of man, there should be absolutely nothing?
We will not talk about the numerous discovered stone tools that were produced at a time when, according to scientists, man did not exist. Consider more exotic finds. For example, in 1845, in one of the quarries in Scotland, a nail was found embedded in a block of limestone, and in 1891 one of the American newspapers published a note about a gold chain about 25 cm long, which turned out to be walled up in a block of coal, not old less than 260 million years.
The message about an extremely unusual find was published in a scientific journal in 1852. It was about a mysterious vessel about 12 cm high, two halves of which were discovered after an explosion in one of the quarries. This vase with clear images of flowers was located inside a rock, 600 million years old. In 1889, in the state of Idaho (USA), while drilling a well, from a depth of more than 90 m, a figure of a woman about 4 cm high was recovered. According to geologists, her age was at least 2 million years.
From anomalous finds in the 19th century, let's move on to reports of artifacts in times closer to us. In 1912, at one of the power plants in Oklahoma, while crushing a massive block of coal, the most ordinary iron mug fell out of it ... The fact that it was actually enclosed in coal was evidenced by characteristic notches left in pieces of rock ... It was possible to find out that the age of the coal delivered to the power plant was about 300 million years.
A unique find, again in Oklahoma, was made in one of the coal mines in 1928. After blasting in the mine face, a real wall was discovered, made of perfectly smooth cubic concrete blocks. It is curious that the management of the mine immediately stopped mining coal and forbade the miners to tell anyone about what they saw.
Quite a lot were surprised in 1968 by the workers of the quarry of Saint-Jean-de-Livay (France), when they found semi-oval metal pipes of various sizes, obviously made by intelligent beings, inside a chalk layer about 65 million years old. Quite recently, already in Russia, the most ordinary bolt was found in an ancient rock, which hit the stone about 300 million years ago ...
The last sensation among the anomalous finds can be considered the Chandar map discovered in Bashkiria. The map is a stone slab with a relief image of the area from the Ufa Upland to the city of Meleuz. The map shows numerous canals as well as dams and water intakes. It is curious that the slab with the map consists, as it were, of three layers: the first is the base and is a substance resembling cement, the other two layers of silicon and porcelain were clearly intended not only to better display relief details, but also to preserve the entire image as a whole. There are no roads on the Chandar map, but there are unusual flat geometrically regular areas that resemble small airfields. The age of this unique find is striking: according to scientists, it is about 50 million years old. According to the vice-rector of Bashkir University A.N. Chuvyrov, the map could have been made by aliens from outer space, who in ancient times were going to inhabit our planet.
So, we moved on to the question of the authorship of numerous anomalous finds. Perhaps the easiest, and even more profitable for scientists, to blame everything on the unfortunate humanoids. So they either lost a bolt, then a mug, and in Bashkiria they dropped a map weighing one ton ... Whatever we find in the bowels of the Earth, all this is the tricks of aliens ... Only the scale of these "tricks", and their geography is impressive: it begins to seem that once upon a time our Earth was simply inhabited by aliens ... Then maybe we ourselves are aliens too? ..
A much more serious hypothesis explaining the anomalous findings in rocks is the assumption of the existence on Earth in the distant past of a protocivilization, which reached a high level of development and perished in a global catastrophe. This hypothesis annoys scientists most of all, because it breaks the more or less harmonious concept of not only the emergence and development of mankind, but in general the formation of life on Earth.
Well, let's say people existed millions of years ago and even ran in a race with dinosaurs, then should some petrified bones remain from them? The fact of the matter is that they stayed! In 1850 in Italy, in the rocks of 4 million years old, a skeleton was discovered, in its structure quite corresponding to modern man. And in California, in gold-bearing gravel, at least 9 million years old, human remains were also found.
These findings were not isolated, but just like all found in very ancient rocks, human remains knocked the soil out from under the feet of conservative scientists: the anomalous bones were either hidden in storerooms or declared to be fake. Ultimately, it turns out that scientists have at their disposal not only anomalous artifacts, but also very ancient human remains that do not fit into any chronological framework of the supposed evolution of man.
What to do with all this?
Of course, somehow systematize and link with each other. But this requires truly brave people. The real revolutionaries will be those who dared to revise the history of the development of intelligent life on Earth. It is possible that, in addition to the scientific community, they will be pressured by state officials and even special services. In our country, they do not like panic to the extreme, and the evidence of the catastrophe in which a civilization similar to us, or perhaps a more powerful civilization, perished, may seem superfluous to someone.
As for the secret services, remember the mine that was closed in the state of Oklohoma after the discovery of a concrete wall among the coal. Who knows, maybe somewhere there is already a secret mine, where, under the reinforced protection of the military, in the bowels of the Earth is a real development of priceless artifacts of a dead civilization ...
After the recent sensational report about the discovery of a bolt of 300 million years old in the Karelian bogs, it is appropriate to recall that such finds have confused the minds of scientists before. The most interesting of them was made in 1961 in California (USA). Three friends - Mike Meixell, Wallace Lane and Virginia Mexi - often hiked in the Koso area to look for beautiful ornamental stones, which they then sold in their souvenir shop. Of particular interest among friends were geodes - mineral formations of a spherical shape, in the inner voids of which there were rare in beauty intergrowths of crystals of rock crystal or amethyst. Stone lovers are looking for similar geodes in Rusavkin, near Moscow, where sometimes quite good brushes of amethyst crystals come across.
Usually, professional hunters for minerals do not break geodes at the find (you can severely damage the crystals inside), but open them with a diamond saw. So, Mike near Lake Owens, near Mount Koso, found a geode covered with bark of petrified turtles, and his friends took it with them to saw at home. When Meixell began to saw through his find, it became clear that this time the crystals would have to be forgotten - there was no emptiness inside the geode. Instead, there was some strange substance, something like ceramics. In the center of this ceramic mass, a 2 mm diameter cut of white metal was seen.
“In section, the geode had the following appearance: under the ball of turtles there was a small prism with a regular hexagonal base, 32 mm in diameter, made of soft and fragile material; it contains a copper spiral, which, most likely, passed along the entire length of the prism and was partially corroded; the spiral, in turn, encompassed an extremely hard ceramic rod with a diameter of 18 mm, through which a metal rod with a diameter of 2 mm passed through ", - such a description of this find is given in the book" Mysteries of Antiquity "by G.Ye. Burgansky and R.S. Furdui.
Of course, the unique find was enlightened with X-rays and it was found that in its structure it most resembles ... an automobile spark plug, although, as experts have established, no plant has ever produced such a spark plug in the history of mankind. Geologists, in turn, determined the age of this unique find from the fossilized turtles - at least 500 thousand years ...
How can you explain the existence of a bolt and spark plug of incredibly ancient age? (A source)
* * *
The presence of various artifacts of this age can be explained very simply if you know and understand that humanity is NOT alone in the Universe! Then everything falls into place. Artifacts could appear in several ways:
1. They could have been left behind by the expeditions that have probably more than once arrived on our planet at different times.
2. They could and were left by people who lived on this planet in another, earlier civilization, or civilizations that for some reason disappeared or left the planet.
3. There may be other, more exotic reasons, which you can think of quite a lot, but the essence of this will not change ...
Millions of years or 5771?
1. What is it about
According to the Jewish chronology, which counts from the day when the Creator created the first man, we now have 5771 years. However, from school textbooks, books, magazines, newspaper publications, we know about the finds of archaeologists, "testifying" that humanity is tens, if not hundreds of thousands of years old.
These are cave paintings of ancient people, whose age is estimated by scientists at tens of thousands of years. These are the remains of ancient people found by archaeologists, which date back hundreds of thousands of years.
It would seem that just about (this is just about, however, has been going on for many years), scientists will find the missing links that will interrelate man - Homo sapiens - with monkeys, our distant ancestors, and the theory of Charles Darwin will be approved in science. But this theory, from the very beginning of its publication, did not find a solid ground. And some serious scientists do not accept this theory at all.
But be that as it may, according to scientific data, mankind lives on Earth, if you take at least, then at least - several tens of thousands of years.
When even a more or less educated person hears for the first time that, according to Judaism, only 5770 years have passed since the creation of the first man on Earth, it is extremely difficult for him to refrain from a condescending smile.
His smile becomes sarcastic when he learns from the same source that nearly 1600 years after its inception, almost all of humanity was destroyed by the Flood. Only Noah (Noah) with his wife and their three sons with their wives survived. Six representatives of the younger generation became the ancestors of all people on Earth.
Consequently, in about 4100 years, three married couples (six people) "multiplied" to about six billion, i.e. the population of our planet has increased by a billion times (!).
Emotionally, it's almost impossible to believe it.
For many years, brushing off the "illiterate obscurantists", I was sarcastic about this data too. Then there was a desire to "believe the harmony with algebra" (remember - in A.S. Pushkin?). I wanted to calculate how many thousands or millions of years the human race must exist on earth in order to increase by a billion times. I wanted to get at least an approximate order of magnitude with which the mind, burdened by education and reading popular science literature, which has mastered very authoritative opinions, could come to terms.
It turned out that such an assessment is quite accessible to any person. To do this, you just need to remember ordinary arithmetic and comprehend the reliably known facts.
Let us recall that our only task is to obtain an approximate estimate of the time required to increase the population of the Earth by a billion times. We do not set other tasks for ourselves. Nor are we trying to get an answer with high accuracy: an error of a couple of thousand years is insignificant for us.
2. Initial facts
Before the Second World War, less than 2 billion people lived on earth (more precisely, about 1.8 billion). Today the total number of people on earth has exceeded 6 billion. In about 60 years, the world's population has at least tripled. The doubling of the world's population took place in about 45-50 years. At the same time, the world has experienced the worst war in the history of mankind, which claimed 50 million lives.
What facts make it possible to assume with reasonable accuracy that the growth rate of the Earth's population has remained practically constant over the foreseeable interval of human history? Or was it different before, and even much smaller?
It may seem to us that the growth rate of the world's population was much lower before. The advances in modern medicine have led, firstly, to a significant decrease in infant mortality, and, secondly, to an increase in average life expectancy. These factors are likely to have determined the increased rate of population growth. In the past, it may have been much lower. Newborn babies died much more often and life expectancy was lower on average. But maybe this was offset by a higher birth rate?
There is very authoritative evidence about the average life expectancy in ancient times. In Tehilim (Psalms, ps. 90), which were written 35 centuries ago, we read: "The days of our life are seventy years, at most eighty ...". It is also known that the great leader of the Jewish people, Moshe Rabeynu, lived for 120 years, 123 years for his elder brother, chief cohen Aaron. It follows from this that the average life expectancy at that time practically did not differ from the life expectancy in our times, if, of course, we compare it with countries with the longest average life of the population.
So, the assumption that in ancient times the population growth rate was significantly lower than the current one (perhaps because medicine is at a primitive level) does not hold up to scrutiny.
Let's turn to the known facts. It is in those countries where the level of medicine and the standard of living is especially high, that the natural population growth is extremely low. If you do not take into account, of course, the influx of emigrants from poor third world countries to these rich states. Immigrants are looking for work, and developed countries are forced to put up with an influx of "labor" from Arab and other countries due to the low growth rate of the indigenous population (in some places it is even calculated in negative values). In France, for example, immigrants from Muslim countries (mainly Arab) make up about 10% of the population.
At the same time, the highest rate of population growth is in the poorest countries in Africa and in India. The level of medical care there is not much different from what it was in these countries several centuries ago. And their infant mortality is still high, and the average life expectancy of people is low ... But it is precisely these countries that account for the main increase in the total population of the Earth. These facts cannot be disputed.
During its history, mankind has experienced many wars, destructive epidemics and natural disasters, in which many people died. These factors undoubtedly reduced the overall growth rate of the world's population. They must be taken into account.
3. Scientific methodology and single assumption
Serious specialists are aware that they call the physical picture of the process not the true state of affairs, but a certain model, the research results of which coincide with the required accuracy with the results of the study of a real object. By the way, it is almost never possible to say what it is, this truth.
There are few phenomena in nature that are described with high accuracy by strict mathematical laws. In most cases, calculations are made on the assumption that a certain law is in effect or some condition is met. If the calculation gives a picture that is qualitatively similar to the experimental one, and, moreover, ensures the required accuracy of the result, then the approximation of the assumptions made is remembered only when the requirement for the accuracy of the calculation results increases.
The rate of population growth has long been the subject of concern for scientists. I do not know if the English economist Thomas Robert Malthus (1766-1834) had any predecessors. I only know that at one time in the USSR his name was transformed into a dirty word “Malthusianism”. It was he who drew the world's attention to the fact that population growth is characterized by a geometric progression, and the means of subsistence in the world are increasing according to the law of arithmetic progression. This determines the general lack of livelihoods - the number of consumers is growing much faster. Socialist science indignantly rejected the pessimism of Malthusianism. Then, however, she stopped ...
Demographers today predict the growth of the world's population according to complex models. And they predict doubling in less than 50 years. We are not interested in the future, but in the past. Moreover, we are talking about an estimate, not an exact calculation. To do this, we do not even need to look for something more reliable than the same law of geometric progression. This is equivalent to the assumption that the time it takes for the population to double is almost constant. Let's call it the "doubling" period or time.
It is necessary to make a calculation, and then analyze to what extent the approximation of the assumption we made affects the qualitative nature of the conclusions that follow from our calculations.
Calculation accuracy requirement
Of course, in this situation, the calculation can only give an approximate figure. But the error must be less than the duration of the history of mankind, known to us from written sources. It is about five thousand years old. For our purposes, we could emotionally come to terms with the mistake of determining the age of humanity at the level of two or three millennia.
It should be noted that even the well-known written sources do not provide an absolutely reliable dating of the facts. Moreover, quite often significant discrepancies in dates lead to the fact that for a long time the same fact is taken by scientists for two different facts (the same is with historical figures).
Very interesting research on this topic was conducted by the versatile erudite medical professor Immanuel Velikovsky. In his books, he, in particular, showed errors in the dating of the most important events for 500-600 years. His publications have caused such a storm among professional historians that they prefer not to mention Velikovsky. Apparently, this is why it is not customary in Israel to speak about his role in the creation of the University of Jerusalem.
Statement of the problem
The problem boils down to answering the question: how many doubling periods will it take for the initial number of people on Earth to increase a billion times? In other words, to what degree should the “two” be raised to get a billion?
First estimate of the age of humanity
Under the accepted assumption of the constancy of the doubling time, the age of humanity is uniquely determined by the magnitude of this doubling time. If the doubling time is 50 years, then the age of humanity will be only 1500 years (30 doubling periods multiplied by 50 years). If the doubling time is twice as long, then the age of mankind is 3000 years. But a hundred years, during which the population doubles, as we can see, significantly exceeds the doubling time obtained from statistical data.
Note that the value of the doubling period taken from the statistics takes into account wars, diseases, hunger and other causes of unnatural deaths. So, the doubling period, equal to 50 years, covers the bloodiest in history World War II, starvation deaths in the post-war years (Ethiopia, etc.), mass genocide in the USSR, Cambodia and in African countries, wars in Korea and Vietnam. It was a turbulent time.
Accounting for population decline due to cataclysms
The damage to humanity from cataclysms and the time it takes to compensate for it can also be estimated.
There is no need for accurate data on the catastrophic population decline. The question can be approached more "enlarged".
Some cataclysm, suppose, destroyed so many people that there was only "one kind" part of the population. Let's designate this uncertainty as "X" (X). Substituting various values \u200b\u200binstead of "x", we find out how many years humanity will be able to compensate for the numerical damage inflicted on it.
Example one: "x" is ten.
It turns out that after the cataclysm, 10 percent of the population survived. How many doubling periods will it take for the number of remaining people to increase 10 times and recover to the original figure?
Answer: a little more than three. Three doubling periods will give an eight-fold increase, and four a sixteen-fold increase. Even with a 100-year doubling time taken with a large margin in 300 years, such significant population losses will be compensated, and the age of six billion humanity will not be 3 thousand years, but 3300 years.
Example two: "X" is one hundred.
After the cataclysm, 1 percent of the population remained. For the number of people to increase 100 times and recover to the original figure, a little less than seven doubling periods must pass (six doubling periods give sixty-four times an increase, and seven - one hundred twenty-eight times). That is, in less than 700 years, even such incredible losses will be compensated, and the age of mankind will not be 3 thousand years, as without taking into account this cataclysm, but less than 3700 years.
Example three: "x" is one thousand.
After the cataclysm, 0.1 percent of the population remained. In this case, the age of 6 billion humanity will not be 3 thousand years, but 4 thousand years.
- 1. The growth of the population exponentially gives such a rapid increase in the population of the Earth that taking into account the most fantastic cataclysms does little to change the estimated age of mankind. Therefore, both without taking into account the loss of population, and taking into account - in the most incredible cases, the age of humanity varies quite close to the figure indicated in the Torah - 4100 years.
- 2. If we take a different value of the doubling period, then the estimated age of humanity will change proportionally. Even if we take an even more overestimated value of the doubling period, equal to 200 years, the age of mankind will be from 6 to 8 thousand years. We get all the same figures, close to the data of the Torah, but having nothing to do with the dating of the existence on Earth of the species "homo sapiens", whose representatives, according to archaeologists, painted rocks and caves tens (if not hundreds) of thousands of years ago.
5. What does science say when dating archaeological finds
Somehow I came across an article by Sofya Grigorieva, published in the supplement to the newspaper "News of the week" ("Digest", 09/14/2004, p. 18). The article was titled Forbidden Archeology, just like the book by Michael Baigent in question.
The article says that the commanders in archeology, people carefully classify the data of the excavations, according to which the remains of people were found, which do not differ in their main features from modern humans. These remains are many times older than the remains of anthropoids, which were considered "transitional species" (from monkey to man). This leads us to assume that there was no need for man to "descend from a monkey."
Moreover, many artifacts (objects made by man) were also found that are much older than the remains of humanoid, which were so persistently imposed on us as relatives.
But among scientists there is a hierarchy of authorities who determine the policies that are beneficial to them.
The article, in particular, says:
... Artifacts that contradict the accepted science view of history were not mentioned anywhere, and therefore did not receive the attention that would ensure their safety. Scientists denied them in the hope that no one would remember them for years.
With this connivance of official science, artifacts were simply lost, given to a friend interested in archeology, sent to the distant shelves of museum depositories, or were thrown away altogether.
… It is clear that there could be no place for this data in the traditional scientific direction about the history of the Earth. For they testified that the fossil ape-like creatures studied by paleontologists have nothing to do with human evolution ...
This also cites data on the suppression of the fact that "modern humans have coexisted with other primates for tens of millions of years."
We will return to the question of tens of millions of years a little later. And now we will only note that this information convincingly demonstrates to us that there is no need to rush to take on faith any information preceded by the words “scientists believe” or “scientists have found out”. A high academic degree is not yet a guarantee of one hundred percent scientific conscientiousness. In addition, let's not forget that in the scientific world there is a place not only for deliberate manipulation, concealment of facts and “clamping” of competing hypotheses, but also for a simple desire to follow the generally accepted theory.
6. Real science doesn't lie
However, let us return to the problem of dating archaeological finds. Here a by no means idle question arises: what calendar is used for this?
People measure time by checking the period of interest against the flow of a well-studied process. What process should be taken as a benchmark? This can be dry sand flowing from the top of the hourglass to the bottom. Or - a similar process in a water clock. Or - the number of periods of oscillation of the pendulum in mechanical clocks, etc. The accuracy of such watches is verified experimentally. We know they are accurate. But what about determining the age of any object that has come down to us from the depths of time? You can't check anything experimentally.
There is no other way out, we have to estimate the required time interval by the phenomenon, the course of which, in principle, we are not able to accurately verify. We can only assume that this phenomenon is subject to a certain law. This assumption is the constancy of the half-life of the radioactive substance. That is, the unit of measurement is the time during which half of a given substance is converted into another substance.
The phenomena of radioactivity, when, as a result of radiation, one element turns into another (for example, uranium - into lead) or the atomic weight of a given element (for example, carbon) changes, people have been studying for a little more than a hundred years. The ratio of the amounts of the initial and final products is a measure of the age of the studied object or geological layer. Let us emphasize: people have been studying radioactivity for a little over a hundred years. And at the same time we are ready to accept that the radioactivity indicators are strictly constant during not only this hundred years, but always. What, besides this hypothesis, can guarantee such a calculation of time? Nothing. And all calculus is only at the level of hypothesis.
When we read that the age of a find, determined by such and such a method, is so many years, it means - "if such and such a method is fair, then the age of the find is so many years." Otherwise, there would be no need to stipulate a method for estimating time.
Everything is honest, everything is without deception, because the words are meant: "If the method is not correct, then the age of the find will be different." As in the famous joke. In the application for admission to the party, the person wrote "If I die in battle, please consider me a communist, and if not, then no."
Science does not deceive, but its mass users do not always understand the conditions when and what conclusions can be applied. Science doesn't distort, but its experts can be wrong. Moreover, sometimes - in the most curious way ...
7. So what's the deal?
So, let's put together the main facts:
- 1. A simple estimate of the age of mankind gives figures very close to those contained in the Torah - about 4 thousand years from the time when all life on the land of the Earth, except for the Noah family and the population of his ark, was destroyed by the Flood. And if, in addition to the population of Noah's ark, other living beings were preserved somewhere on land, the population of the Earth today would be much more numerous.
Even significant deviations from the data included in this estimate do little to change the conclusion: that humanity has existed for tens of thousands of years, and there can be no talk.
- 2. The dating of archaeological finds, as well as the finds themselves (dinosaurs, etc.), impose on us the idea that the presence of living beings on Earth is counted in hundreds of thousands, and perhaps even millions of years.
It is easiest to assume that this scientific evidence is not well founded. But let's try to do without it.
As for dinosaurs and other giant "fossils", information about them has different explanations. At the current level of knowledge development, we are not able to choose one of them, the reliability of which would be indisputable for us.
Explanation one
The Torah (Bereshit, ch. 1, v. 21) says that at the creation of the world (and after about 1600 years, during the Flood, they were destroyed) living beings called tannin gedolim, that is, large tannin. Today the word "tannin" is translated as "crocodile". But what it meant several thousand years ago is difficult to say. Is it about them, about dinosaurs and others, are we talking about here?
Explanation two
I read somewhere that the Creator deliberately did not give us one hundred percent proof that He exists. The existence of the Creator is not provable, but also it is not refutable. Otherwise, people would have accurate knowledge in this matter, not faith, which would not correspond to the Will of the Creator. In order to leave room for doubts that interfere with obtaining reliable knowledge, when creating the universe, He immediately created the fossil remains of animals (supposedly these animals lived before, before "everything").
The first explanation, however, seems to me to be simpler and more logical.
Explanation three
I cannot vouch for the reliability of the following point of view. But I heard about it many times.
Its adherents argue that the entire text of the Pentateuch describes only the period of time in which we live. But he is not the first in the cyclical process of existence, if not the entire universe, then at least the planet Earth. The finds of archaeologists, dating from a time not commensurate with the age of mankind according to the Torah, belong to the previous periods. Therefore, it is pointless to compare the dating of archaeological finds with the age of mankind indicated in the Torah or obtained as a result of calculations. By the way, in the article "Forbidden Archeology" cited above, there are also the following lines:
Perhaps humanity arose very early and evolved many times in the past, created a culture, civilization, but became a witness to its destruction as a result of another major cataclysm ...
Explanation (or consolation) the fourth
The Torah begins with the Hebrew letter Bet, with the word "Bereshit", which means "at the beginning" or "at the beginning." In its form, this letter is closed on three sides and open only to the left side (from right to left, the text is written and read in Hebrew).
We, for whom the Torah was written, - commentators explain the symbolic meaning of this, - it is given to know only what has happened since the moment of Creation. Everything else is hidden from us.
This article was not intended to introduce readers to the Torah. If only because communion with the Torah is a long and individual process.
With this article, I just wanted to help educated people begin to respect the information that is given in the Torah. Even if, at first glance, they may seem implausible to someone ...
Our world has existed since time immemorial. Every student knows this. For billions of years, life has existed on Earth, which develops and changes over time. How old the world really is, we will tell you in this article.
How old is our universe
Approximately 14 billion years have passed since the Big Bang, and it is this date that serves as a record of the beginning of the life of our Universe, but this figure is quite relative. In general, scientists are of the opinion that our Universe has existed for at least 12, but not more than 20 billion years. It should be noted that our Universe is at least 2 times older than the Sun and the Earth.
How old is our solar system
According to the currently generally accepted hypothesis, the formation of our solar system began about 4.6 billion years ago. This process began with the gravitational compression of some part of the huge interstellar gas and dust cloud. This cloud was most likely several light years across. It became the progenitor of several stars, including our Sun.
How old is our planet
The age of the Earth is slightly less than the age of our solar system at about 4.54 billion years. These data were obtained using radioisotope dating of terrestrial samples and meteorite matter. They were obtained using the uranium-lead method, which was developed by Claire Patterson. It is this figure that corresponds to the age of the oldest terrestrial, lunar and meteorite samples and has not changed since 1956.
How old is humanity
There are several theories that count the different ages of humanity. Let's consider a few of them:
- Homo sapiens. If we consider the origin of mankind from the moment the species Homo sapiens appeared, then according to scientific research, its age ranges from 200 to 340 thousand years. That is, humanity is quite young.
- Genus Homo. As mentioned above, the Homo sapiens species are relatively young, but the genus Homo itself, which includes the Homo sapiens, has existed for about 2.5 million years. This is the age that scientists established by examining the skull of a teenager from Tanzania, discovered in the Olduvai Gorge in 1960.
- Creationism. The theory of creationism was and remains the main competitor to the theory of evolution. According to her, all life on Earth, including man, was created about 7.5 thousand years ago.
If you want to know more about the age of the Earth, read our article.