The Romanov family was numerous, there were no problems with the successors to the throne. In 1918, after the Bolsheviks shot the emperor, his wife and children, a large number of impostors appeared. Rumors spread that on that very night in Yekaterinburg, one of them still survived.
And today, many people believe that some of the children could have been saved and that their offspring can live among us.
After the massacre of the imperial family, many believed that Anastasia managed to escapeAnastasia was the youngest daughter of Nikolai. In 1918, when the Romanovs were shot, Anastasia's remains were not found in the family's burial, and rumors spread that the young princess had survived.
People all over the world reincarnated as Anastasia. One of the brightest impostors was Anna Anderson. It seems she was from Poland.
Anna imitated Anastasia in her behavior, and rumors that Anastasia was alive spread quickly enough. Many also tried to imitate her sisters and brother. People around the world tried to cheat, but most of the counterparts were in Russia.
Many believed that the children of Nicholas II survived. But even after the burial of the Romanov family was found, scientists were unable to identify the remains of Anastasia. Most historians still cannot confirm that the Bolsheviks killed Anastasia.
Later, a secret burial was found, in which the remains of the young princess were found, and forensic experts were able to prove that she died along with the rest of the family in 1918. Her remains were reburied in 1998.
Scientists managed to compare the DNA of the found remains and the modern followers of the royal family Many people believed that the Bolsheviks buried the Romanovs in different places in the Sverdlovsk region. In addition, many were convinced that two of the children were able to escape.
There was a theory that Tsarevich Alexei and Princess Maria were able to escape from the place of the terrible execution. In 1976, scientists attacked the trail with the remains of the Romanovs. In 1991, when the era of communism was over, researchers were able to obtain government permission to open the burial place of the Romanovs, the very one left by the Bolsheviks.
But scientists needed DNA analysis to confirm the theory. They asked Prince Philip and Prince Michael of Kent to provide DNA samples for comparison with the royal couple's DNA samples. Forensic experts have confirmed that the DNA does indeed belong to the Romanovs. As a result of this study, it was possible to confirm that Tsarevich Alexei and Princess Maria were buried by the Bolsheviks separately from the rest.
Some people spent their free time looking for traces of the family's real burial site. In 2007, Sergey Plotnikov, one of the founders of the amateur history group, made an amazing discovery. His group was looking for any facts related to the royal family.
In his spare time, Sergei was engaged in the search for the remains of the Romanovs in the alleged place of the first burial. And one day he was lucky, he came across something solid and began to dig.
To his surprise, he found several fragments of the bones of the pelvis and skull. After an examination, it was found that these bones belonged to the children of Nicholas II.
Few know that the methods of killing family members were different from each other. After an analysis of the bones of Alexei and Mary, it was found that the bones were severely damaged, but differently from the bones of the emperor himself.
Traces of bullets were found on the remains of Nikolai, which means that the children were killed in a different way. The rest of the family also suffered in their own way.
Scientists managed to establish that Alexei and Maria were doused with acid, and they died from burns. Despite the fact that these two children were buried separately from the rest of the family, they suffered no less.
There was a lot of confusion around the bones of the Romanovs, but as a result, scientists still managed to establish their belonging to the family Archaeologists have found 9 skulls, teeth, bullets of various calibers, cloth from clothes and wires from a wooden box. It was found that the remains belonged to a boy and a woman, whose approximate age ranges from 10 to 23 years.
The probability that the boy was Tsarevich Alexei, and the girl was Princess Mary, is quite high. In addition, there were theories that the government was able to locate the storage of the Romanov bones. It was rumored that the remains were found back in 1979, but the government kept this information secret.
One of the research groups was very close to the truth, but soon they ran out of money In 1990, another group of archaeologists decided to start excavations in the hope that they would be able to find some more traces of the location of the remains of the Romanovs.
After a few days or even weeks, they dug up an area the size of a football field, but they never finished the research because they ran out of money. Surprisingly, Sergei Plotnikov found bone fragments in this very territory.
Due to the fact that the ROC demanded more and more confirmation of the authenticity of the Romanov bones, the reburial was postponed several times The Russian Orthodox Church refused to accept the fact that the bones really belonged to the Romanov family. The church demanded more evidence that these very remains were indeed found in the burial of the royal family in Yekaterinburg.
The successors of the Romanov family supported the Russian Orthodox Church, demanding additional research and confirmation that the bones really belonged to the children of Nicholas II.
The reburial of the family was postponed many times, since the ROC each time questioned the correctness of the DNA analysis and the belonging of the bones to the Romanov family. The church has asked forensic experts to conduct additional forensics. After scientists finally managed to convince the church that the remains really belonged to the royal family, the Russian Orthodox Church planned a reburial.
The Bolsheviks eliminated the main part of the imperial family, but their distant growth makers are still alive. The successors of the family tree of the Romanov dynasty live among us. One of the heirs of the royal genes is Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh, and he provided his DNA for research. Prince Philip is the husband of Queen Elizabeth II, the grand-niece of Princess Alexandra, and the great-great-great-grandson of Nicholas I.
Another relative who helped with DNA identification is Prince Michael of Kent. His grandmother was a cousin of Nicholas II.
There are eight more successors of this clan: Hugh Grosvenor, Constantine II, Grand Duchess Maria Vladimirovna Romanova, Grand Duke George Mikhailovich, Olga Andreevna Romanova, Francis Alexander Matthew, Nicoletta Romanova, Rostislav Romanov. But these relatives did not provide their DNA for analysis, since Prince Philip and Prince Michael of Kent were considered the closest in terms of kinship.
Of course the Bolsheviks tried to cover up the traces of their crime The Bolsheviks executed the royal family in Yekaterinburg, and they needed to somehow hide the evidence of their crime.
There are two theories about how the Bolsheviks killed children. According to the first version, first they shot Nikolai, and then they put his daughters in a mine, where no one could find them. The Bolsheviks tried to blow up the mine, but their plan failed, so they decided to pour acid on the children and burn them.
According to the second version, the Bolsheviks wanted to cremate the bodies of the killed Alexei and Maria. After several studies, scientists and forensic experts concluded that it was not possible to cremate the bodies.
To cremate a human body requires a very high temperature, and the Bolsheviks were in the forest, and they did not have the opportunity to create the necessary conditions. After unsuccessful cremation attempts, they nevertheless decided to bury the bodies, but divided the family into two graves.
The fact that the family was not buried together explains why not all family members were initially found. It also refutes the theory that Alexei and Maria managed to escape.
By the decision of the Russian Orthodox Church, the remains of the Romanovs were buried in one of the churches of St. Petersburg The mystery of the Romanov dynasty rests with their remains in the Church of Saints Peter and Paul in St. Petersburg. After numerous studies, scientists still agreed that the remains belong to Nikolai and his family.
The last farewell ceremony took place in the Orthodox Church and lasted three days. During the funeral procession, many still questioned the authenticity of the remains. But scientists say the bones are 97% the same as the DNA of the royal family.
In Russia, this ceremony was given special importance. Residents of fifty countries around the world watched the Romanov family go to rest. It took more than 80 years to debunk the myths about the family of the last emperor of the Russian Empire. Together with the completion of the funeral procession, an entire era has passed into the past.
Almost a hundred years have passed since that terrible night when the Russian Empire ceased to exist forever. Until now, none of the historians can state unequivocally what happened that night and whether any of the family members survived. Most likely, the secret of this family will remain unsolved and we can only assume what really happened.
Who refused to shoot the king and his family? What did Nicholas II say when he heard the death sentence? Who wanted to kidnap the Romanovs from the Ipatiev House? On the anniversary of the execution of the royal family, we remind you of the most important facts about this tragedy.
Photo: RIA Novosti / Maya Shelkovnikova
Moscow. July 17 .. in Yekaterinburg, the last Russian emperor Nicholas II and all members of his family were shot. Almost a hundred years later, the tragedy has been studied far and wide by Russian and foreign researchers. Below are the 10 most important facts about what happened in July 1917 in the Ipatiev House.
1. The Romanov family and retinue were placed in Yekaterinburg on April 30, in the house of a retired military engineer N.N. Ipatieva. Doctor E.S.Botkin, chamberlaine A.E. Trup, maid of Empress A.S.Demidov, cook I.M.Kharitonov and cook Leonid Sednev lived in the house with the royal family. All except the cook were killed along with the Romanovs.
2. In June 1917 Nicholas II received several letters allegedly from a white Russian officer.An anonymous author of letters told the Tsar that the Crown supporters intended to kidnap the prisoners of the Ipatiev House and asked Nicholas for help - to draw room plans, inform the sleep schedule of family members, etc. The Tsar, however, in his reply stated: “We do not want and cannot escape. We can only be abducted by force, as they brought us from Tobolsk by force. Therefore, do not count on any of our active help, "thereby refusing to assist the" kidnappers ", but not giving up the very idea of \u200b\u200bbeing abducted.
Later it turned out that the letters were written by the Bolsheviks in order to check the readiness of the royal family to escape. The author of the letters was P. Voikov.
3. Rumors about the murder of Nicholas II appeared back in June 1917 after the assassination of Grand Duke Mikhail Alexandrovich. The official version of the disappearance of Mikhail Alexandrovich was the escape; at the same time, the tsar was allegedly killed by a Red Army soldier who broke into the Ipatiev House.
4. The exact text of the sentence, which the Bolsheviks took out and read to the tsar and his family, is unknown. At about 2 am on July 16-17, the guards woke up doctor Botkin so that he woke up the royal family, ordered them to pack up and go down to the basement. The fees took, according to various sources, from half an hour to an hour. After the Romanovs with the servants descended, the Chekist Yankel Yurovsky informed them that they would be killed.
According to various recollections, he said:
"Nikolai Alexandrovich, your relatives tried to save you, but they didn't have to. And we are forced to shoot you ourselves." (based on materials from investigator N. Sokolov)
"Nikolai Alexandrovich! The attempts of your associates to save you were not crowned with success! And so, in a difficult time for the Soviet Republic ... - Yakov Mikhailovich raises his voice and chops the air with his hand: - ... we are entrusted with the mission of ending the house of the Romanovs" (according to the memoirs of M. Medvedev (Kudrin))
"Your friends are attacking Yekaterinburg, and therefore you are sentenced to death" (according to the memoirs of Yurovsky's assistant G. Nikulin.)
Yurovsky himself later said that he did not remember the exact words he uttered. "... I immediately, as far as I remember, told Nikolai something like the following that his royal relatives and friends both in the country and abroad were trying to free him, and that the Soviet of Workers' Deputies decided to shoot them."
5. Emperor Nicholas, having heard the verdict, asked again: "My God, what is this?" According to other sources, he only managed to say: "What?"
6. Three Latvians refused to carry out the sentence and left the basement shortly before the Romanovs went down there. The weapons of the refuseniks were distributed among the rest. According to the recollections of the participants themselves, 8 people took part in the execution. “In fact, there were 8 performers of us: Yurovsky, Nikulin, Mikhail Medvedev, Pavel Medvedev four, Peter Ermakov five, so I'm not sure that Ivan Kabanov is six. And I don’t remember two more names,” writes G. .Nikulin.
7. It is still unknown whether the execution of the royal family was sanctioned by the highest authorities. According to the official version, the decision on the "execution" was made by the executive committee of the Uraloblsovet, while the central Soviet leadership learned about what had happened after. By the beginning of the 90s. a version was formed according to which the Ural authorities could not make such a decision without a directive from the Kremlin and agreed to take responsibility for the unauthorized execution in order to provide the central government with a political alibi.
The fact that the Ural Regional Council was not a judicial or other body that had the authority to pass a sentence, the execution of the Romanovs for a long time was considered not as political repression, but as a murder, which prevented the posthumous rehabilitation of the royal family.
8. After the execution, the bodies of the killed were taken out of the city and burned, pre-watering with sulfuric acid to bring the remains beyond recognition. The sanction for the release of a large amount of sulfuric acid was issued by the Ural Supply Commissioner P. Voikov.
9. Information about the murder of the royal family became known to the public several years later; Initially, the Soviet authorities reported that only Nicholas II was killed, Alexander Fedorovna with her children was allegedly transported to a safe place in Perm. The truth about the fate of the entire royal family was reported in the article "The Last Days of the Last Tsar" by P. M. Bykov.
The Kremlin acknowledged the fact of the execution of all members of the royal family when the results of Sokolov's investigation became known in the west in 1925.
10. The remains of five members of the imperial family and four of their servants were found in July 1991.not far from Yekaterinburg under the embankment of the Old Koptyakovskaya road. On July 17, 1998, the remains of members of the imperial family were buried in the Peter and Paul Cathedral in St. Petersburg. In July 2007, the remains of Tsarevich Alexei and Grand Duchess Maria were found.
In 1894, replacing his father Alexander III, Nicholas II ascended the Russian throne. He was destined to become the last emperor not only in the great Romanov dynasty, but also in the history of Russia. In 1917, at the suggestion of the Provisional Government, Nicholas II abdicated the throne. He was exiled to Yekaterinburg, where in 1918 he and his family were shot.
mystery death of the royal Romanov family
The Bolsheviks feared that enemy troops might enter Yekaterinburg from day to day: the Red Army was clearly not strong enough to resist. In this regard, it was decided to shoot the Romanovs without waiting for their trial. On July 16, the people appointed for the execution of the sentence came to the Ipatiev house, where the royal family was under the strictest supervision. Toward midnight, everyone was transferred to the room designated for the execution of the sentence, which was located on the ground floor. There, after the announcement of the resolution of the Ural Regional Council, Emperor Nicholas II, Empress Alexandra Feodorovna, their children: Olga (22 years old), Tatyana (20 years old), Maria (18 years old), Anastasia (16 years old), Alexei (14 years old), as well as doctor Botkin, cook Kharitonov, another cook (his name is unknown), Trupp's footman and room girl Anna Demidova were shot.
The same night, the bodies were carried in blankets to the courtyard of the house and put into a truck, which drove out of the city onto the road leading to the village of Koptyaki. About eight versts from Yekaterinburg, the car turned left onto a forest path and drove to the abandoned mines in an area called Ganina Yama. The bodies were thrown into one of the mines, and the next day they were removed and destroyed ...
The circumstances of the execution of Nicholas II and his family in Yekaterinburg on the night of July 16-17, 1918, as well as Grand Duke Mikhail Alexandrovich in Perm on June 10 and a group of other members of the Romanov family in Alapaevsk on July 18 of the same year were investigated back in 1919-1921 N. A. Sokolov. He took over the investigation from the investigative group of General MK Dieterichs, led it up to the retreat of Kolchak's troops from the Urals, and subsequently published a complete selection of case materials in the book Murder of the Tsar's Family (Berlin, 1925). One and the same factual material was illuminated from different angles: interpretations abroad and in the USSR were sharply different. The Bolsheviks did their best to hide information regarding the execution and the exact burial place of the remains. At first, they relentlessly adhered to the false version that everything was in order with Alexandra Fedorovna and her children. Even at the end of 1922 Chicherin declared that the daughters of Nicholas II were in America and they were completely safe. The monarchists clung to this lie, which was one of the reasons why there is still debate about whether any of the members of the royal family managed to avoid a tragic fate.
For almost twenty years, Doctor of Geological and Mineralogical Sciences A. N. Avdo-din has been investigating the death of the royal family. In 1979, together with the writer-screenwriter Geliy Ryabov, having established the place of the alleged concealment of the remains, they dug out part of them on the Koptyakovskaya road.
In 1998, in an interview with the correspondent of the newspaper Argumenty i Fakty, Geliy Ryabov said: “In 1976, when I was in Sverdlovsk, I came to Ipatiev's house, walked around the garden among old trees. I have a rich imagination: I saw them walking here, heard them talking - it was all imagination, a mystery, but nevertheless it was a strong impression. Then I was introduced to the local historian Alexander Avdodin ... I tracked down Yurovsky's son - he gave me a copy of his father's note (who personally shot at Nicholas II with a revolver - Author). On it, we established the burial place, from which we got three skulls. One skull remained with Avdodin, and I took two with me. In Moscow, he turned to one of the responsible employees of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, with whom he once began the service, and asked him to conduct an examination. He didn’t help me because he was a staunch communist. For a year, the skulls were kept at my house ... The next year we gathered again in the Pig's Log and put everything back in place. " During the interview, G. Ryabov noted that some of the events that took place in those days cannot be called anything other than mysticism: “The next morning after we unearthed the remains, I came there again. I went to the excavation site - believe it or not - the grass grew by ten centimeters overnight. Nothing is visible, all traces are hidden. Then I carried these skulls in a service "Volga" to Nizhny Tagil. The mushroom rain has started. Suddenly a man appeared in front of the car out of nothing. Driver -
steep steering wheel to the left, the car skidded down a slope. Turned over many times, fell on the roof, flew out all the glass. The driver has a small scratch, I have nothing at all ... During another trip to Porosenkov Log I saw a series of foggy figures at the edge of the forest ... "
The story related to the discovery of remains on the Koptyakovskaya road received a public response. In 1991, for the first time in Russia, an attempt was made officially to reveal the secret of the death of the Romanov family. For this purpose, a government commission was created. During her work, the press, along with the publication of reliable data, covered a lot with a biased view, without any analysis, sinning against the truth. There were debates around who, in fact, belonged to the exhumed bone remains, which had been lying for many decades under the flooring of the old Koptyakovskaya road? Who are these people? What caused their deaths?
The research results of Russian and American scientists were heard and discussed on July 27-28, 1992 in the city of Yekaterinburg at the international scientific-practical conference "The last page of the history of the royal family: the results of the study of the Yekaterinburg tragedy." The coordination council organized and conducted this conference. The conference was of a closed nature: only historians, physicians and criminologists, who had previously worked independently of each other, were invited to it. Thus, the adjustment of the results of some studies to others was excluded. The conclusions reached by the scientists of the two countries independently of each other turned out to be practically the same and, with a high degree of probability, indicated that the discovered remains belonged to the royal family and its entourage. According to expert V.O. Plaksin, the results of the studies of Russian and American scientists coincided on eight skeletons (out of nine found), and only one turned out to be controversial.
After numerous studies both in Russia and abroad, after laborious work with archival documents, the government commission concluded: the discovered bone remains really belong to members of the Romanov family. Nevertheless, the controversy around this topic does not subside. Some researchers still strongly refute the official conclusion of the government commission. They claim that "Yurovsky's note" is a fake fabricated in the bowels of the NKVD.
On this occasion, one of the members of the government commission, the famous historian Edward Stanislavovich Radzinsky, giving an interview to the correspondent of the newspaper “Komsomolskaya Pravda”, expressed his opinion: “So, there is a note by Yurovsky. Let's say we don't know what it is about. We only know that it exists and that it says about some corpses, which the author declares to be the corpses of the royal family. The note indicates the place where the corpses are ... The burial, which is mentioned in the note, is opened, and there are found as many corpses as indicated in the note - nine. What follows from this? .. ”E. S. Radzinsky believes that this is not just a coincidence. In addition, he pointed out that DNA analysis -99, 99999 ...% probability British scientists, for a year studying fragments of bone remains by molecular genetic methods at the forensic center of the British Ministry of the Interior in the city of Aldermaston, came to the conclusion that bone the remains found near Yekaterinburg belong precisely to the family of the Russian emperor Nicholas II.
Until today, from time to time there are reports in the press about people who consider themselves descendants of members of the royal house. So, some researchers have suggested that in 1918 one of the daughters of Nicholas II, Anastasia, passed away. Her heirs immediately began to appear. For example, the Red Ufa resident Afanasy Fomin belongs to them. He claims that in 1932, when his family lived in Salekhard, two soldiers came to them and began to interrogate all family members in turn. Children were brutally tortured. Mother could not resist and confessed that she was Princess Anastasia. She was dragged out into the street, blindfolded and hacked to death with sabers. The boy was sent to an orphanage. Athanasius himself learned about his belonging to the royal family from a woman named Fenya. She said she served Anastasia. In addition, Fomin told the local newspaper unknown facts from the life of the royal family and presented his photographs.
It was also suggested that people loyal to the tsar helped Alexandra Fedorovna to cross the border (to Germany), and she lived there for more than one year.
According to another version, Tsarevich Alexei survived. He has eight dozen “descendants”. But only one of them asked for an identification examination and legal proceedings. This person is Oleg Vasilievich Filatov. He was born in the Tyumen region in 1953. He currently lives in St. Petersburg, serves in a bank.
Among those who became interested in O. Filatov was the correspondent of the newspaper "Komsomolskaya Pravda" Tatyana Maksimova. She visited Filatov, met his family. She was struck by the amazing resemblance between Oleg Vasilyevich's eldest daughter Anastasia and Grand Duchess Olga, the sister of Nicholas II. And the face of the youngest daughter of Yaroslavna, says T. Maksimova, strikingly resembles Tsarevich Alexei. OV Filatov himself says that the facts and documents at his disposal suggest that Tsarevich Alexei lived under the name of his father Vasily Ksenofontovich Filatov. But, according to Oleg Vasilyevich, the final conclusion must be made by the court.
... His father met his future wife at the age of 48. They were both village school teachers. The Filatovs first had a son, Oleg, then a daughter - Olga, Irina, Nadezhda.
For the first time, eight-year-old Oleg heard about Tsarevich Alexei from his father while fishing. Vasily Ksenofontovich told a story that began with the fact that Alexei woke up at night on a pile of dead bodies in a truck. It was raining and the car skidded. People got out of the cab and, swearing, began to drag the dead to the ground. Someone's hand thrust a revolver into Alexei's pocket. When it became clear that the car could not be pulled out without a tug, the soldiers went to the city for help. The boy crawled under the railway bridge. He reached the station by rail. There, among the cars, the fugitive was detained by a patrol. Alexei tried to run away, fired back. All this was seen by a woman who worked as a switchman. The patrolmen caught Alexey and drove him with bayonets to the forest. The woman ran after them screaming, then the patrolmen began to shoot at her. Fortunately, the switchwoman managed to hide behind the carriages. In the forest, Alexei was pushed into the first pit that came across, and then a grenade was thrown. A manhole in a pit saved him from death, where the boy managed to slip. However, the shrapnel hit the left heel.
The boy was pulled out by the same woman. She was helped by two men. They took Alexey on a railcar to the station, called a surgeon. The doctor wanted to amputate the boy's foot, but he did not work. From Yekaterinburg, Alexei was transported to Shadrinsk. There he was lodged with the shoemaker Filatov, laid on the stove with the owner's son, who was in a fever. Of the two, Alexei survived. He was given the name and surname of the deceased.
In a conversation with Filatov, T. Maksimova noted: "Oleg Vasilyevich, but the Tsarevich suffered from hemophilia - I can't believe that the wounds from bayonets and grenade fragments left him a chance to survive." To this Filatov replied: “I only know that the boy Alexei, as his father said, after Shadrin-ska was treated for a long time in the north near the Khanty-Mansi with decoctions of reindeer needles and moss reindeer lichen, they forced him to eat raw venison, seal meat, bear meat, fish, and as if bull's eyes. " In addition, Oleg Vasilyevich also noted that hematogen and Cahors were never transferred at home. All my life my father drank an infusion of bovine blood, took vitamins E and C, calcium gluconate, glycerophosphate. He was always afraid of bruises and cuts. He avoided contact with official medicine, and treated his teeth only at private dentists.
about the words of Oleg Vasilievich, children began to analyze the strangeness of their father's biography when they had already matured. So, he often transported his family from one place to another: from the Orenburg region to the Vologda region, and from there to the Stavropol region. At the same time, the family always settled in remote rural areas. The children wondered: where did the Soviet geography teacher get deep religiosity and knowledge of prayers? And foreign languages? He knew German, French, Greek and Latin. When the children asked how their father knew languages, he replied that he had learned it at the workers' school. My father also played keyboards and sang beautifully. He also taught his children musical literacy. When Oleg entered the vocal class of Nikolai Okhotnikov, the teacher did not believe that the young man was taught at home - the basics were taught so skillfully. Oleg Vasilievich said that his father taught musical notation using the digital method. After the death of his father, in 1988, Filatov Jr. learned that this method was the property of the imperial family and was inherited.
In a conversation with a journalist, Oleg Vasilyevich told about another coincidence. From his father's stories, the surname of the Strekotin brothers, "Uncle Andrei" and "Uncle Sasha", engraved in his memory. It was they, together with the switchwoman, who took the wounded boy out of the pit, and then took him to Shadrinsk. In the State Archives, Oleg Vasilyevich found out that the Red Army soldiers, brothers Andrei and Alexander Strekotin, really served in the protection of the Ipatiev house.
At the Scientific Research Center of Law at St. Petersburg State University, the portraits of Tsarevich Alexei at the age of one and a half to 14 years old and Vasily Filatov were combined. A total of 42 photographs were examined. The studies carried out with a high degree of reliability allow us to believe that these photographs of a teenager and a man depict the same person at different age periods of his life.
Graphologists analyzed six letters from 1916-1918, 5 pages of Tsarevich Alexei's diary and 13 notes by Vasily Filatov. The conclusion was as follows: we can say with complete confidence that the studied records were made by the same person.
Doctoral student of the Department of Forensic Medicine of the Military Medical Academy Andrei Kovalev compared the results of the study of the Yekaterinburg remains with the structural features of the spines of Oleg Filatov and his sisters. According to the expert, Filatov's blood relationship with members of the Romanov family is not excluded.
For a final conclusion, more research is needed, in particular DNA. In addition, it will be necessary to exhume the body of Oleg Vasilyevich's father. OV Filatov believes that this procedure must necessarily be carried out within the framework of a forensic medical examination. And this requires a court decision and ... money.
After the execution on the night of July 16-17, 1918, the bodies of members of the royal family and their entourage (11 people in total) were loaded into a car and sent in the direction of Verkh-Isetsk to the abandoned mines of Ganina Yama. At first, the victims were unsuccessfully tried to burn, and then they were thrown into the shaft of the mine and showered with branches.
Finding remains
However, the next day, almost all of Verkh-Isetsk knew about the incident. In addition, according to a member of the firing squad, Medvedev, "the ice water from the mine not only washed away the blood completely, but also froze the bodies so much that they looked like they were alive." The conspiracy has clearly failed.
It was decided to quickly reburial the remains. The area was cordoned off, but the truck, having driven only a few kilometers, got stuck in the swampy area of \u200b\u200bPorosenkov's log. Without beginning to invent anything, one part of the bodies was buried right under the road, and the other - a little to the side, having previously filled them with sulfuric acid. Sleepers were placed on top for reliability.
It is interesting that the forensic investigator N. Sokolov, sent by Kolchak in 1919 to search for a burial, found this place, but did not think to raise the sleepers. In the area of \u200b\u200bGanina Yama, he managed to find only a severed female finger. Nevertheless, the conclusion of the investigator was unambiguous: “This is all that remains of the August Family. Everything else was destroyed by the Bolsheviks with fire and sulfuric acid. "
Nine years later, perhaps, it was Porosenkov Log that Vladimir Mayakovsky visited, as can be judged by his poem "The Emperor": "Here the cedar was torn with an ax, the notches at the root of the bark, at the root under the cedar a road, and in it the emperor was buried."
It is known that the poet, shortly before his trip to Sverdlovsk, met in Warsaw with one of the organizers of the execution of the royal family, Pyotr Voikov, who could point him to the exact place.
Ural historians found the remains in the Porosenkovy Log in 1978, but permission for excavation was obtained only in 1991. There were 9 bodies in the burial. During the investigation, some of the remains were recognized as "royal": according to the experts, only Alexei and Maria were missing. However, many specialists were confused by the results of the examination, and therefore no one was in a hurry to agree with the conclusions. The House of Romanovs and the Russian Orthodox Church refused to recognize the remains as genuine.
Alexey and Maria were found only in 2007, guided by a document drawn up from the words of the commandant of the "House of Special Purpose" Yakov Yurovsky. “Yurovsky's note” initially did not arouse much confidence, nevertheless, the place of the second burial in it was indicated correctly.
Falsifications and myths
Immediately after the execution, representatives of the new government tried to convince the West that members of the imperial family, or at least the children, were alive and in a safe place. People's Commissar for Foreign Affairs GV Chicherin in April 1922 at the Genoa conference when asked by one of the correspondents about the fate of the Grand Duchesses vaguely answered: “The fate of the tsar's daughters is not known to me. I read in the newspapers that they were in America. "
However, PL Voikov in an informal setting stated more specifically: "The world will never know what we have done with the royal family." But later, after the materials of Sokolov's investigation were published in the West, the Soviet authorities recognized the fact of the execution of the imperial family.
Falsifications and speculation around the execution of the Romanovs contributed to the spread of persistent myths, among which the myth of ritual murder and the severed head of Nicholas II, which was in the NKVD special security, was popular. Later, stories about the "miraculous salvation" of the Tsar's children - Alexei and Anastasia - were added to the myths. But all this remained myths.
Investigation and expertise
In 1993, investigator of the General Prosecutor's Office Vladimir Solovyov was entrusted with the investigation of the discovery of the remains. Considering the importance of the case, in addition to traditional ballistic and macroscopic examinations, additional genetic studies were carried out in conjunction with British and American scientists.
For these purposes, blood was taken from some of the Romanovs' relatives living in England and Greece for analysis. The results showed that the probability that the remains belonged to members of the royal family was 98.5 percent.
The investigation considered it insufficient. Solovyov managed to obtain permission to exhume the remains of the tsar's brother, George. Scientists have confirmed the "absolute positional similarity of mt-DNA" of both remains, which revealed a rare genetic mutation inherent in the Romanovs - heteroplasmy.
However, after the discovery in 2007 of the alleged remains of Alexei and Maria, new research and expertise was required. The work of the scientists was greatly facilitated by Alexy II, who, before the burial of the first group of royal remains in the tomb of the Peter and Paul Cathedral, asked investigators to remove the bone particles. “Science is developing, it is possible that they will be needed in the future,” such were the words of the Patriarch.
To remove doubts from skeptics for new examinations, the head of the molecular genetics laboratory at the University of Massachusetts, Evgeny Rogayev (on which representatives of the House of Romanovs insisted), the chief geneticist of the US Army Michael Cobble (who returned the names of the victims of September 11), and Walter, an employee of the Institute of Forensic Medicine from Austria, were invited for new examinations. Parson.
Comparing the remains from the two burials, the experts once again double-checked the previously obtained data, and also conducted new studies - the previous results were confirmed. Moreover, the "blood-spattered shirt" of Nicholas II (the Otsu incident), found in the Hermitage funds, fell into the hands of scientists. And again a positive answer: the tsar's genotypes "on blood" and "on bone" coincided.
Outcome
The results of the investigation into the shooting of the royal family refuted some of the previously existing assumptions. For example, according to experts, "under the conditions in which the destruction of corpses was carried out, it was impossible to completely destroy the remains using sulfuric acid and combustible materials."
This fact excludes Ganina Yama as the final burial site.
True, the historian Vadim Viner finds a serious gap in the conclusions of the investigation. He believes that some finds belonging to a later time, in particular coins of the 30s, were not taken into account. But as the facts show, information about the burial place very quickly "leaked" to the masses, and therefore the burial ground could be repeatedly opened in search of possible values.
Another revelation is offered by the historian S. A. Belyaev, who believes that “the family of the Yekaterinburg merchant could have been buried with imperial honors,” although without providing convincing arguments.
However, the conclusions of the investigation, which were carried out with unprecedented scrupulousness using the latest methods, with the participation of independent experts, are unambiguous: all 11 remains clearly correlate with each of those shot in the Ipatiev house. Common sense and logic dictates that it is impossible to accidentally duplicate such physical and genetic correspondences.
In December 2010, a final conference was held in Yekaterinburg dedicated to the latest examination results. The reports were made by 4 groups of geneticists working independently in different countries. Opponents of the official version could also present their views, however, according to eyewitnesses, "after listening to the reports, they left the hall without uttering a word."
The Russian Orthodox Church still does not recognize the authenticity of the "Yekaterinburg remains", but many representatives of the House of Romanov, judging by their statements in the press, accepted the final results of the investigation.
The royal family. Was there a shooting?
THE ROYAL FAMILY - LIFE AFTER THE "SHOOTING"
History, like a corrupt girl, falls under any new "king". So, the recent history of our country has been rewritten many times. "Responsible" and "unbiased" historians rewrote biographies and changed the fate of people in the Soviet and post-Soviet periods.
But today, access to many archives is open. The key is only conscience. What gets to people bit by bit does not leave indifferent those who live in Russia. Those who want to be proud of their country and raise their children as patriots of their native land.
In Russia, historians are a dime a dozen. If you throw a stone, you will almost always hit one of them. But now only 14 years have passed, and no one can establish the real history of the last century.
Miller and Baer's modern henchmen are robbing Russians in all directions. Either, mocking Russian traditions, they will start Maslenitsa in February, then they will bring an outright criminal under the Nobel Prize.
And then we wonder: why is it such a poor people in a country with richest resources and cultural heritage?
Abdication of Nicholas II
Emperor Nicholas II did not renounce the throne. This act is “fake”. It was compiled and typed on a typewriter by the Quartermaster General of the Headquarters of the Supreme Commander-in-Chief A.S. Lukomsky and the representative of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs at the General Staff N.I. Basili.
This printed text was signed on March 2, 1917, not by Tsar Nicholas II Alexandrovich Romanov, but by the Minister of the Imperial Court, Adjutant General, Baron Boris Fredericks.
After 4 days, the Orthodox Tsar Nicholas II was betrayed by the elite of the Russian Orthodox Church, misleading the whole of Russia by the fact that, seeing this false act, the priests passed it off as a real one. And they telegraphed to the entire Empire and beyond that the Emperor, they say, had abdicated the Throne!
On March 6, 1917, the Holy Synod of the Russian Orthodox Church heard two lectures. The first is the act of March 2, 1917, about the "abdication" of Sovereign Emperor Nicholas II for himself and for his son from the Throne of the Russian State and about the resignation of the Supreme Power. The second is the act of March 3, 1917, on the refusal of the Grand Duke Mikhail Alexandrovich from the perception of the Supreme Power.
After the hearings, until the establishment in the Constituent Assembly of the mode of government and new basic laws of the Russian State, ORDERED:
“The aforementioned acts should be taken into account and executed and announced in all Orthodox churches, in city ones - on the first day after receiving the text of these acts, and in rural ones - on the first Sunday or a holiday, after the Divine Liturgy, with the performance of a prayer to the Lord God about the calming of the passions , with the proclamation of many years of the God-protected Russian State and its Blessed Provisional Government. "
And although the top of the generals of the Russian Army for the most part consisted of Jews, the middle officer corps and several higher ranks of the generals, such as Fyodor Arturovich Keller, did not believe this fake and decided to go to the rescue of the Emperor.
From that moment on, the split of the Army began, which turned into a Civil War!
The priesthood and the entire Russian society split.
But the Rothschilds achieved the main thing - they removed Her Lawful Sovereign from governing the country, and began to finish off Russia.
After the revolution, all the bishops and priests who had betrayed the Tsar suffered death or scattering throughout the world for perjury before the Orthodox Tsar.
Chairman V. Ch. K. No. 13666/2 com. Dzerzhinsky FE INDICATION: “In accordance with the decision of V. Ts. IK and the Council of People's Commissars, it is necessary to end the priests and religion as soon as possible. Popov should be arrested as counter-revolutionaries and saboteurs, shot mercilessly and everywhere. And as much as possible. Churches are to be closed. The premises of the temples should be sealed and converted into warehouses.
Chairman V. Ts. I. K. Kalinin, Chairman of the Sov. bunk bed Komissarov Ulyanov / Lenin / ".
Simulated murder
There is a lot of information about the sovereign's stay with his family in prison and exile, about his stay in Tobolsk and Yekaterinburg, and it is quite truthful.
Was there a shooting? Or perhaps it was staged? Was it possible to escape or be taken out of the Ipatiev house?
It turns out yes!
There was a factory nearby. In 1905, the owner, in case of capture by revolutionaries, dug an underground passage to it. When the house was destroyed by Yeltsin, after the decision of the Politburo, the bulldozer fell into a tunnel that no one knew about.
Thanks to Stalin and the intelligence officers of the General Staff, the Tsar's Family was taken out to various Russian provinces, with the blessing of Metropolitan Macarius (Nevsky).
On July 22, 1918, Evgenia Popel received the keys to the empty house and sent a telegram to her husband, N.N. Ipatiev, in the village of Nikolskoye, telling her to return to the city.
In connection with the offensive of the White Guard Army, Soviet institutions were evacuated in Yekaterinburg. Documents, property and valuables were taken out, including the Romanov family (!).
Great excitement spread among the officers when it became known in what condition the Ipatiev house, where the Royal Family lived, was. Who was free from service, went to the house, everyone wanted to take an active part in clarifying the question: "where are they?"
Some examined the house, breaking open boarded up doors; others dismantled the lying things and papers; still others dumped the ashes from the stoves. Fourth, scoured the courtyard and garden, looking into all the basements and cellars. Each acted independently, not trusting each other and trying to find an answer to the question that worried everyone.
While the officers were examining the rooms, the people who came to profit, took away a lot of abandoned property, which was then found at the bazaar and flea markets.
The head of the garrison, Major General Golitsin, appointed a special commission of officers, mainly cadets of the General Staff Academy, chaired by Colonel Sherekhovsky. Which was instructed to deal with the finds in the area of \u200b\u200bGanina Yama: local peasants, raking up recent fireplaces, found charred things from the Tsar's wardrobe, including a cross with precious stones.
Captain Malinovsky was ordered to survey the area of \u200b\u200bGanina Yama. On July 30, taking with him Sheremetyevsky, the investigator for the most important cases of the Yekaterinburg District Court A.P. Nametkin, several officers, the Heir's doctor - V.N. Derevenko and the Tsar's servant - T.I. Chemodurov, went there.
This is how the investigation began on the disappearance of Tsar Nicholas II, the Empress, the Tsarevich and the Grand Duchesses.
Malinovsky's commission lasted for about a week. But it was she who determined the area of \u200b\u200ball subsequent investigative actions in Yekaterinburg and its environs. It was she who found the witnesses of the cordoning off the Koptyakovskaya road around Ganina Yama by the Red Army. I found those who saw a suspicious convoy that passed from Yekaterinburg inside the cordon and back. I got evidence of destruction there, in bonfires near the mines of the Tsar's things.
After the entire staff of the officers went to Koptyaki, Sherekhovsky divided the team into two parts. One, headed by Malinovsky, examined the Ipatiev house, the other, headed by Lieutenant Sheremetyevsky, took up the survey of Ganina Yama.
When inspecting Ipatiev's house, officers of Malinovsky's group managed to establish almost all the basic facts in a week, on which the investigation later relied.
A year after the investigations, Malinovsky, in June 1919, showed Sokolov: "As a result of my work on the case, I became convinced that the August family is alive ... all the facts that I observed during the investigation were a simulation of murder."
At the scene
On July 28, A.P. Nametkin was invited to the headquarters, and from the side of the military authorities, since the civilian power had not yet been formed, it was proposed to investigate the case of the Tsar's Family. After that, they began to examine the Ipatiev house. Doctor Derevenko and old Chemodurov were invited to participate in the identification of things; Professor of the Academy of the General Staff, Lieutenant General Medvedev, took part as an expert.
On July 30, Aleksey Pavlovich Nametkin participated in the inspection of the mine and fires near Ganina Yama. After the inspection, the Koptyakovsky peasant handed over to Captain Politkovsky a huge diamond, recognized by Chemodurov who was right there as a jewel belonging to Tsarina Alexandra Fedorovna.
Nametkin, examining the Ipatiev house from 2 to 8 August, had the publications of the decisions of the Ural Soviet and the Presidium of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee, announcing the execution of Nicholas II.
Inspection of the building, traces of shots and signs of spilled blood confirmed the well-known fact - the possible death of people in this house.
As for the other results of the inspection of Ipatiev's house, they left the impression of an unexpected disappearance of its inhabitants.
On August 5, 6, 7, 8, Nametkin continued to inspect Ipatiev's house, described the state of the rooms where Nikolai Alexandrovich, Alexandra Feodorovna, Tsarevich and Grand Duchesses were kept. On examination, I found many small things that belonged, according to the valet TI Chemodurov and the doctor of the Heir VN Derevenko, to members of the Royal Family.
Being an experienced investigator, Nametkin, after examining the scene of the incident, stated that an imitation of an execution had taken place in the Ipatiev House, and that not a single member of the Tsar's Family was shot there.
He officially repeated his data in Omsk, where he gave interviews on this topic to foreign, mainly American correspondents. Stating that he has evidence that the Royal Family was not killed on the night of July 16-17 and was going to publish these documents soon.
But he was forced to hand over the investigation.
War with investigators
On August 7, 1918, a meeting of the branches of the Yekaterinburg District Court was held, where, unexpectedly for the prosecutor Kutuzov, contrary to agreements with the chairman of the court Glasson, the Yekaterinburg District Court, by a majority of votes, decided to transfer "the case of the murder of the former Sovereign Emperor Nicholas II" to a member of the court Ivan Alexandrovich Sergeev ...
After the transfer of the case, the house where he rented the premises was burned, which led to the death of the investigating archive of Nametkin.
The main difference in the work of a detective on the scene lies in what is not in the laws and textbooks in order to plan further measures for each of the revealed significant circumstances. That is why their replacement is harmful because with the departure of the former investigator, his plan to unravel the tangle of riddles disappears.
On August 13, A.P. Nametkin handed over the case to I.A.Sergeev on 26 numbered sheets. And after the capture of Yekaterinburg by the Bolsheviks, Nametkin was shot.
Sergeev was aware of the complexity of the forthcoming investigation.
He understood that the main thing was to find the bodies of those killed. Indeed, in forensic science there is a rigid setting: "no corpse - no murder." They placed great expectations on the expedition to Ganina Yama, where they very carefully searched the area, pumped out water from the mines. But ... they found only a severed finger and a prosthetic upper jaw. True, the "corpse" was also removed, but it was the corpse of the dog of the Grand Duchess Anastasia.
In addition, there are witnesses who saw the former Empress and her children in Perm.
Doctor Derevenko, who treated the Heir, like Botkin, who accompanied the Tsar's Family in Tobolsk and Yekaterinburg, repeatedly testifies that the unidentified corpses delivered to him are not the Tsar and not the Heir, since the Tsar should have a mark on his head / skull / from the blow of the Japanese sabers in 1891
The clergy were also aware of the release of the Royal Family: Patriarch St. Tikhon.
Life of the royal family after "death"
In the KGB of the USSR, on the basis of the 2nd Main Directorate, there was a special. department that oversaw all the movements of the Royal Family and their descendants across the territory of the USSR. Whether someone likes it or not, they will have to reckon with it, and, consequently, revise Russia's future policy.
Daughters Olga (lived under the name Natalia) and Tatiana were in the Diveyevo monastery, disguised as nuns and sang in the choir of the Trinity Church. From there, Tatyana moved to the Krasnodar Territory, got married and lived in the Apsheronsky and Mostovsky regions. She was buried on 21.09.1992 in the village of Solyonom, Mostovsky District.
Olga, through Uzbekistan left for Afghanistan with the Emir of Bukhara Seyid Alim Khan (1880 - 1944). From there - to Finland to Vyrubova. Since 1956 she lived in Vyritsa under the name of Natalya Mikhailovna Evstigneeva, where she rested in Bose on January 16, 1976 (11/15/2011 from the grave of V.K.Olga, Her fragrant relics were partially stolen by one demoniac, but were returned to Kazan temple).
On October 6, 2012, the rest of her relics were removed from the grave in the cemetery, joined to the abducted ones, and reburied near the Kazan temple.
The daughters of Nicholas II, Maria and Anastasia (lived as Alexandra Nikolaevna Tugareva) were in the Glinsk Hermitage for some time. Then Anastasia moved to the Volgograd (Stalingrad) region and got married on the Tugarev farm of the Novoanninsky district. From there she moved to st. Panfilovo, where she was buried on June 27, 1980. And her husband Vasily Evlampievich Peregudov died defending Stalingrad in January 1943. Maria moved to the Nizhny Novgorod region in the village of Arefino and was buried there on May 27, 1954.
Metropolitan John of Ladoga (Snychev, d. 1995) nursed Anastasia's daughter, Julia, in the city of Samara, and together with Archimandrite John (Maslov, d. 1991) he nourished Tsarevich Alexei. Archpriest Vasily (Shvets, d. 2011) took care of his daughter Olga (Natalia). The son of the youngest daughter of Nicholas II - Anastasia - Mikhail Vasilyevich Peregudov (1924 - 2001), having come from the front, worked as an architect, a railway station in Stalingrad-Volgograd was built according to his design!
The brother of Tsar Nicholas II, Grand Duke Mikhail Alexandrovich, was also able to escape from Perm right under the nose of the Cheka. At first he lived in Belogorie, and then moved to Vyritsa, where he rested in Bose in 1948.
Until 1927, Tsarina Alexandra Feodorovna was at the Tsar's dacha (Vvedensky Skete of the Serafimo Ponetaevsky monastery, Nizhny Novgorod region). And at the same time she visited Kiev, Moscow, Petersburg, Sukhumi. Alexandra Feodorovna took the name Xenia (in honor of St. Xenia Grigorievna of Petersburg / Petrova 1732 - 1803 /).
In 1899, Tsarina Alexandra Feodorovna wrote a prophetic poem:
“In the solitude and silence of the monastery,
Where guardian angels fly
Far from temptation and sin
She lives, whom everyone considers dead.
Everyone thinks She already dwells
In the divine heavenly sphere.
She steps outside the walls of the monastery,
Submissive to her increased faith! "
The Empress met with Stalin, who told her the following: "Live peacefully in the city of Starobelsk, but there is no need to interfere in politics."
Stalin's patronage saved the Tsarina when local security officers opened criminal cases against her.
Money transfers were regularly received from France and Japan to the Queen's name. The Empress received them and passed them on to four kindergartens. This was confirmed by the former manager of the Starobelsk branch of the State Bank Ruf Leontyevich Shpilev and the chief accountant Klokolov.
The empress did needlework, making blouses, scarves, and straws were sent to her from Japan to make hats. All this was done on the orders of local fashionistas.
Empress Alexandra Feodorovna
In 1931, the Tsarina came to the Starobelsk branch of the GPU and announced that there were 185,000 marks in her account in the Berlin Reichsbank, and also 300,000 dollars in the Chicago bank. She wants to transfer all these funds to the disposal of the Soviet government, provided that it provides her with old age.
The Empress's application was forwarded to the GPU of the Ukrainian SSR, which instructed the so-called "Credit Bureau" to negotiate with foreign countries about receiving these deposits!
In 1942 Starobelsk was occupied, the Empress on the same day was invited to breakfast with Colonel-General Kleist, who suggested that she move to Berlin, to which the Tsarina answered with dignity: “I am Russian and I want to die in my homeland.” she was offered to choose any house in the city that she wanted: it’s not good, they say, such a person huddled in a cramped dugout. But she refused that too.
The only thing the Queen agreed to was to use the services of German doctors. True, the commandant of the city still ordered to install a plaque near the Empress's dwelling with the inscription in Russian and German: "Do not disturb Her Majesty."
What she was very happy about, because in her dugout behind the screen were ... wounded Soviet tankers.
The German medicine came in handy. The tankers managed to leave, and they safely crossed the front line. Taking advantage of the location of the authorities, Tsarina Alexandra Feodorovna saved many prisoners of war and local residents who were threatened with reprisals.
Empress Alexandra Fyodorovna under the name of Ksenia from 1927 until her death in 1948 lived in the city of Starobelsk, Luhansk region. She took monastic vows with the name Alexandra in the Starobelsk Holy Trinity Monastery.
Kosygin - Tsarevich Alexei
Tsarevich Alexei - became Alexei Nikolaevich Kosygin (1904 - 1980). Twice Hero of Socialist. Labor (1964, 1974). Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Sun of Peru. In 1935 he graduated from the Leningrad Textile Institute. In 1938 the head. department of the Leningrad regional party committee, chairman of the executive committee of the Leningrad City Council.
The wife of Klavdia Andreevna Krivosheina (1908 - 1967) is the niece of A.A.Kuznetsov. Daughter Lyudmila (1928 - 1990) was married to Jermen Mikhailovich Gvishiani (1928 - 2003). The son of Mikhail Maksimovich Gvishiani (1905 - 1966) since 1928 in the GPU of Georgia. In 1937-38. deputy. Chairman of the Tbilisi City Executive Committee. In 1938, the 1st deputy. People's Commissar of the NKVD of Georgia. In 1938 - 1950. early UNKVDUNKGBUMGB Primorsky Territory. In 1950-1953 early UMGB of the Kuibyshev region. Grandchildren Tatiana and Alexey.
The Kosygin family was friends with the families of the writer Sholokhov, the composer Khachaturian, the rocket designer Chelomey.
In 1940 - 1960. - deputy. prev. Council of People's Commissars - Council of Ministers of the USSR. In 1941 - deputy. prev. Council for the evacuation of industry in the eastern regions of the USSR. From January to July 1942 - Commissioner of the State Defense Committee in besieged Leningrad. Participated in the evacuation of the population and industrial enterprises and property of Tsarskoe Selo. The tsarevich walked along Ladoga on a yacht "Standart" and knew the vicinity of the Lake well, therefore he organized the "Road of Life" across the Lake to supply the city.
Alexey Nikolaevich created an electronics center in Zelenograd, but the enemies in the Politburo did not allow him to bring this idea to fruition. And today Russia is forced to purchase household appliances and computers all over the world.
The Sverdlovsk Region produced everything: from strategic missiles to bacteriological weapons, and was filled with underground cities hiding under the indexes "Sverdlovsk-42", and there were more than two hundred of these "Sverdlovsk".
He helped Palestine as Israel expanded its borders at the expense of Arab lands.
He has implemented projects to develop gas and oil fields in Siberia.
But the Jews, members of the Politburo, made the export of crude oil and gas the main line of the budget - instead of exporting refined products, as Kosygin (Romanov) wanted.
In 1949, during the promotion of the Leningrad affair by GM Malenkov, Kosygin miraculously survived. During the investigation Mikoyan, deputy. Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the USSR, "organized a long trip Kosygin across Siberia, in connection with the need to strengthen the activities of cooperation, to improve the procurement of agricultural products." Stalin agreed with Mikoyan on this business trip on time, because he was poisoned and from the beginning of August to the end of December 1950 he lay in his dacha, miraculously survived!
In his dealings with Alexei, Stalin affectionately called him "Kosyga", since he was his nephew. Sometimes Stalin called him Tsarevich in front of everyone.
In the 60s. Tsarevich Alexei, realizing the inefficiency of the existing system, proposed a transition from social economy to a real one. Keep records of products sold, not manufactured, as the main indicator of the efficiency of enterprises, etc. Alexei Nikolaevich Romanov normalized relations between the USSR and China during the conflict on the island. Damansky, having met in Beijing at the airport with the Premier of the State Council of the People's Republic of China Zhou Enlai.
Alexei Nikolaevich visited the Venevsky monastery in the Tula region and talked with nun Anna, who was in touch with the entire royal family. He even gave her a diamond ring once, for clear predictions. And shortly before his death he came to her, and she told him that He would die on December 18!
The death of Tsarevich Alexei coincided with Leonid Brezhnev's birthday on 12/18/1980, and these days the country did not know that Kosygin had died.
The ashes of the Tsarevich have been resting in the Kremlin wall since December 24, 1980!
There was no funeral service for the August Family
The Tsar's Family: real life after the imaginary execution
Until 1927, the Royal Family met on the stones of St. Seraphim of Sarov, next to the Tsar's dacha, on the territory of the Vvedensky Skete of the Seraphim-Ponetaevsky Monastery. Now only the former baptismal remains of the Skete. It was closed in 1927 by the NKVD. This was preceded by a general search, after which all the nuns were moved to different monasteries in Arzamas and Ponetayevka. And icons, jewelry, bells and other property were taken to Moscow.
In the 20s - 30s. Nicholas II stayed in Diveevo at st. Arzamasskaya, 16, in the house of Alexandra Ivanovna Grashkina - schema nun of Dominica (1906 - 2009).
Stalin built a dacha in Sukhumi next to the dacha of the Tsar's Family and came there to meet with the Emperor and his cousin Nicholas II.
In the form of an officer, Nicholas II visited Stalin in the Kremlin, as confirmed by General Vatov (d. 2004), who served in Stalin's guard.
Marshal Mannerheim, having become president of Finland, immediately left the war, as he secretly communicated with the Emperor. And in Mannerheim's study there was a portrait of Nicholas II. Confessor of the Royal Family since 1912, Fr. Alexey (Kibardin, 1882 - 1964), while living in Vyritsa, took care of the woman who arrived there from Finland in 1956 at the railway station. the Tsar's eldest daughter - Olga.
In Sofia after the revolution, in the building of the Holy Synod on St. Alexander Nevsky Square, the confessor of the Highest Surname, Vladyka Theophan (Bystrov), lived.
Vladyka never served a panikhida for the August Family and told his cell attendant that the Royal Family was alive! And even in April 1931 he went to Paris to meet with Tsar Nicholas II and with the people who freed the Tsar's Family from captivity. Vladyka Theophan also said that over time the Romanov family would be restored, but along the female line.
Expertise
Head Department of Biology of the Ural Medical Academy, Oleg Makeev said: “Genetic examination after 90 years is not only difficult due to changes in the bone tissue, but also cannot give an absolute result even if it is carefully performed. The methodology used in the studies already carried out is still not recognized as evidence by any court in the world. "
A foreign expert commission to investigate the fate of the Royal Family, created in 1989, chaired by Pyotr Nikolayevich Koltypin-Vallovsky, ordered a study by scientists at Stanford University and received data on the DNA mismatch of the "Yekaterinburg remains."
The commission provided for DNA analysis a fragment of the finger of VK St. Elizabeth Feodorovna Romanova, whose relics are kept in the Jerusalem Church of Mary Magdalene.
"Sisters and their children must have identical mitochondrial DNA, but the results of the analysis of the remains of Elizaveta Fedorovna do not correspond to the previously published DNA of the alleged remains of Alexandra Fedorovna and her daughters," the scientists concluded.
The experiment was carried out by an international team of scientists led by Dr. Alec Knight, a molecular taxonomist from Stanford University, with the participation of geneticists from the East Michigan University, Los Alamos National Laboratory, with the participation of Dr. Lev Zhivotovsky, an employee of the Institute of General Genetics of the Russian Academy of Sciences.
After the death of an organism, DNA begins to rapidly decompose (chop) into pieces, and the more time passes, the more these parts are shortened. After 80 years, without creating special conditions, DNA segments longer than 200-300 nucleotides are not preserved. And in 1994, during the analysis, a section of 1.223 nucleotides was isolated. "
Thus, Pyotr Koltypin-Wallovskoy emphasized: “Geneticists again refuted the results of the examination carried out in 1994 in the British Laboratory, on the basis of which it was concluded that Tsar Nicholas II and his Family belonged to the“ Yekaterinburg remains ”.
Japanese scientists presented to the Moscow Patriarchate the results of their research in relation to the “Yekaterinburg remains”.
On December 7, 2004, in the building of the MP, Bishop Alexander of Dmitrov, vicar of the Moscow Diocese, met with Dr. Tatsuo Nagai. Doctor of Biological Sciences, Professor, Director of the Department of Forensic and Scientific Medicine, Kitazato University (Japan). Since 1987 he has worked at Kitazato University, is vice dean of the Joint School of Medical Sciences, director and professor of the Department of Clinical Hematology and the Department of Forensic Medicine. He has published 372 scientific papers and presented 150 reports at international medical conferences in various countries. Fellow of the Royal Society of Medicine in London.
He carried out the identification of the mitochondrial DNA of the last Russian Emperor Nicholas II. During the assassination attempt on Tsarevich Nicholas II in Japan in 1891, his handkerchief remained there, which was applied to the wound. It turned out that the DNA structures from the cuts in 1998 in the first case differ from the DNA structure in both the second and the third cases. The research team led by Dr. Nagai took a sample of dried sweat from the clothes of Nicholas II, stored in the Catherine Palace in Tsarskoe Selo, and performed mitochondrial analysis.
In addition, a mitochondrial analysis of the DNA of the hair, bone of the lower jaw and the thumbnail of V.K.Georgy Alexandrovich, the younger brother of Nicholas II, was buried in the Peter and Paul Cathedral. He compared DNA from bone cuts buried in 1998 in the Peter and Paul Fortress, with blood samples of the native nephew of Emperor Nicholas II Tikhon Nikolayevich, as well as with samples of sweat and blood of Tsar Nicholas II himself.
Conclusions of Dr. Nagai: "We got results different from the results obtained by Drs. Peter Gill and Pavel Ivanov on five points."
Praising the King
Sobchak (Finkelstein, d. 2000), being the mayor of St. Petersburg, committed a heinous crime - he issued death certificates for Nicholas II and his family members, Leonida Georgievna. He issued certificates in 1996 - without even waiting for the conclusions of Nemtsov's "official commission".
“Protection of the rights and legitimate interests” of the “imperial house” in Russia began in 1995 by the late Leonida Georgievna, who, on the instructions of her daughter, “the head of the Russian imperial house,” applied for state registration of the death of members of the Imperial House, who were killed in 1918-1919. and the issuance of certificates of their death. "
On 01.12.2005, an application was submitted to the Prosecutor General's Office for the "rehabilitation of Emperor Nicholas II and his family members." This application was submitted by her lawyer G. Yu. Lukyanov on behalf of the “princess” Maria Vladimirovna, who replaced Sobchak in this position.
The glorification of the Royal Family, although it happened under Ridiger (Alexy II) at the Bishops' Council, was just a cover for the "consecration" of Solomon's temple.
After all, only the Local Council can glorify a tsar in the face of Saints. Because the King is the spokesman for the Spirit of all the people, not just the Priesthood. That is why the decision of the Council of Bishops in 2000 must be approved by the Local Council.
According to the ancient canons, it is possible to glorify God's saints after healing from various ailments occurs on their graves. After that, it is checked how this or that ascetic lived. If he lived a righteous life, then healings come from God. If not, then the Bes does such healings, and then they will turn into new diseases.
In order to be convinced by your own experience, you need to go to the grave of Emperor Nicholas II, to Nizhny Novgorod to the Krasnaya Etna cemetery, where he was buried on December 26, 1958.
The famous Nizhny Novgorod elder and priest Grigory (Dolbunov, d. 1996) performed the funeral service and buried the Tsar Emperor Nicholas II.
Whom the Lord will grant to go to the grave and be healed, he can be convinced by his own experience.
The transfer of His relics is still pending at the federal level.
Sergey Zhelenkov
The Romanovs were not shot (Levashov N.V.)
Dec 16 2012. Private video, in which a Russian journalist in the past talks about an Italian who wrote an article about witnesses that the Romanovs were alive ... The video contains a photograph of the grave of the eldest daughter of Nicholas II, who died in 1976 ...
Interview with Vladimir Sychev on the Romanov case
An interesting interview with Vladimir Sychev, who refutes the official version of the execution of the royal family. He talks about the grave of Olga Romanova in northern Italy, about the investigation of two British journalists, about the conditions of the Brest-Litovsk Peace of 1918, according to which all the women of the royal family were transferred to the Germans in Kiev ...