Common phrases |
||
You are welcome | ||
sorry | wabandage |
|
Hello | ||
Goodbye | head aega |
|
I do not understand | ma hey saa aru |
|
How are you? | kuidas sul läheb | kuidas lyakheb |
Where is the toilet? | kus on toilet |
|
How much is? | kui palju maksab | strike palju maxab |
One ticket to ... | yux pillet |
|
What time is it now? | mis kel he |
|
Do not smoke | mitte suitsetada | mitte suitsetada |
sisepyayas |
||
vyaoyapyayas |
||
Do you speak Russian (English)? | kas keegi siin räägib vene (inglise) keelt | kas keegi siin ryaegib vene (ingles) keelt |
Where is… | ||
Hotel |
||
I need to order a room | mul on vaja tuba | mule he vaya tuba |
yootraha :) |
||
I want to pay my bill | ma tahaks arve ära maksta | ma takhaks arve yara maksta |
Room, room | ||
Shop (shopping) |
||
In cash | sularaha |
|
By card | credit cardig |
|
To wrap up | ||
No change | tagasi pole vaja | tagashi pole waya |
allahindlus |
||
Very expensive | elm callis |
|
Transport |
||
Trolleybus | ||
Stop | ||
Please make a stop | palun patust |
|
Arrival | saabumine |
|
Departure | valyumine |
|
Airport | ||
Emergency cases |
||
Fire Department | tuletirye |
|
politsey |
||
Ambulance | ||
Hospital | ||
A restaurant |
||
I want to book a table | ma tahan laua broneerida | ma tahan laua broneerida |
Check please (invoice) | palun arve |
|
Language in Estonia
The question of which language is the most widespread in Estonia should be answered directly. It's Estonian. True, it has several forms. The official language in Estonia is divided into two dialects. These are North Estonian and South Estonian. The Seto dialect is also widespread in the south of the country. Although the official language of Estonia is literary Estonian, in the southern regions, local people use traditional dialects to communicate. Representatives of the Seto people also live in Russia, on the territory of the Pskov region.
In addition, the native language of Estonia for many residents of the country is Russian. At the end of the 19th century, they even taught in Russian at the University of Tartu. Today Russian is represented in the country almost as the second official one. Although the state does not give him such a status, this Estonian language is very common in everyday life.
German is also spoken in the country. True, today this language of Estonia is not so widely represented. In the 20th century, the number of Baltic Germans who emigrated to their homeland increased greatly. Therefore, today German is used in communication only in certain areas.
The modern Estonian alphabet is represented by Latin letters.
How to start a dialogue in any language? Of course, with greetings and acquaintances. Greetings are the simplest words in any foreign speech, since they are encountered every day and several times, and any dialogue begins with them.
The simplest and most versatile greeting in Estonian the word "greeting" sounds tervitamine in Estonian for all occasions - Tere! This also means "hello!" and “hello”, being both a simple form and a polite one. The second variation of this word is tervist! Tervist is translated similarly to tere, but it is more suitable in addressing "you", something like the Russian "hello".
Time of day greetings
If you want to say hello and wish your interlocutor a good day / morning / evening, etc., then the greeting forms are as follows:
- « good morning Usually it is from dawn to 12 noon"\u003d Tere hommikust From the word hommik - "morning";
- « good day from noon to dark"\u003d Tere päevast From the word päev - "day";
- « good evening starts around dusk"\u003d Tere õhtust from the word õhtu - "evening".
You can also reply to a greeting like Tere õhtust with one word õhtust:
- Tere õhtust!
- Õhtust!
How to say goodbye in Estonian?
There are two simplest and most common end-of-conversation phrases in Estonian:
head aega ("goodbye", literally - " good hea - good time aeg - time»
),
kõike head (“all the best”, from the word kõik - “everything”).
Slightly less commonly used:
- nägemiseni - "goodbye" (from the verb nägema - "to see");
- nägemist - "bye" (a simpler form of nägemiseni, similar to tere / tervist, is suitable when communicating in "you");
- kohtumiseni - "see you soon" (from the verb kohtuma - "to meet");
- head päeva - "have a nice day";
- head õhtut - "have a good evening";
- head ööd - "good night", "good night" (öö - "night").
Young people in Estonia often use the word "ciao" - tšau. When translated into Russian, this also means "bye". It is not used in official addresses and in official speech.
To other words goodbyes The word "Farewell" in Estonian is Hürastijätt (for a specific situation) in Estonian are the following:
- kuulmiseni - "before the connection", "we will hear";
- homseni - "see you tomorrow";
- ülehomseni - "until the day after tomorrow";
- esmaspäevani esmaspäev - Monday - "till Monday";
- teisipäevani teisipäev - Tuesday - "until Tuesday";
- kolmapäevani kolmapäev - Wednesday - "till Wednesday";
- neljapäevani neljapäev - Thursday - "until Thursday";
- reedeni reede - Friday - "until Friday";
- laupäevani laupäev - Saturday - "until Saturday";
- pühapäevani pühapäev - Sunday - "until Sunday";
- nädalavahetuseni nädalavahetus - weekend - "untill weekend".
Russian-Estonian phrasebook: how to explain yourself in an unfamiliar country. Popular phrases and expressions for travelers.
The Estonian language belongs to the Baltic-Finnish branch of the Finno-Ugric family and is the official language of Estonia and the European Union. The Old Estonian language was formed by the 12-13th centuries as a result of the convergence of two or three dialects, which began to separate from other Baltic-Finnish dialects. The oldest known Estonian texts date back to the 1520s. The creation of the modern literary Estonian language dates back to the 19th century.
Most of the Estonian words are of Finno-Ugric origin, but there are also borrowings from the Germanic and Baltic languages. Examples of Russianisms: aken - window, jaam (from yam) - station, railway station, kiiver (from kiver) - helmet, helmet, lusikas - spoon, niit - thread, nädal - week, pagan (from pagan) - pagan, goblin, raamat (from letter) - book, rist - cross, sirp - sickle, turg (from Old Russian turg) - market, varblane - sparrow, värav - gate, värten - spindle, coil.
Estonian language: first words
Greetings, general expressions |
|
| Hello | Tere |
| Good morning | Tere Hommikut |
| good day | Tere päevast |
| good evening | Tere ykhtust |
| Goodbye | Head aega / Negemist |
| Until | Tsau |
| How are you? | Kuidas lyakheb |
| Thank you good | Tianan, hyasti |
| thank | Tianan / Aityan |
| sorry | Wabandage |
| Yes | Yah |
| Not | Hey |
| You are welcome | Palun |
| I do not speak Estonian | Ma hey ryaegi eesti keelt |
| What is your name? | Kuidas he teie them? |
| My name is... | Minu them he ... |
| Does anyone here speak Russian? | Kas keegi siin ryaegib vene keelt? |
| I do not understand | Ma hey caa teist aru |
| Very nice | Vyaga meeldiv |
| Where is the toilet? | Cus he siin VeCee? |
Numbers and numbers |
|
| Zero | Null |
| One | Yux |
| Two | Kaks |
| Three | Colm |
| Four | Neli |
| Five | Wiis |
| Six | Kuus |
| Seven | Sates |
| Eight | Cachexa |
| Nine | Juhexa |
| Ten | Kyumme |
| Twenty | Kakskummend |
| Twenty-one | Kakskummend yux |
| Twenty two | Kakskummend kaks |
| Thirty | Kolmkummend |
| Forty | Nelikummend |
| Fifty | Viiskummend |
| Sixty | Kuuskummend |
| Seventy | Seytsekummend |
| Eighty | Kahexakummend |
| Ninety | Juheksakummend |
| Hundred | Garden |
| One thousand | Tuhat |
Hotels |
|
| Where is the hotel / cinema / casino nearby? | Kus siin laheduses he wanted / cinema / kasiino? |
| Could you write me an address? | Kas kirutaksite mulla aadressi? |
| Do you accept credit cards? | Kas krediytkaardiga vyyb? |
| What time is breakfast served? | Ms. Kellast Serveeritax Hommikushook? |
| I would like to pay off | Ma soovixin arveldada |
| I will pay in cash | Ma maxan sularahas / sulas |
For the good of the cause |
|
| I like you | Te meeldite mulla |
| Beauty | Kaunitar |
| Pretty boy | Ken |
| Let's meet again? | Kohtume veel? |
| Can I kiss you? | Kas tohib sind suudelda? |
| I love you | Ma armastan sin |
| Let's stay friends? | Yaeme sypradex |
| And so you! | Ah sind |
| The fool himself. Just think, confused | Ise loll. Mytlex wide, ayas sazzi / exis |
| I don't know about apple cider, but your beer is very tasty | Hey tea kuidas yunasiyder he, kuid ylu he tail vyaga maitsev |
| Estonian girls are very beautiful! | Eesti tudrukud he vega kenad! |
| Yes, yes, honey, I'm telling you this | I yah armas, ma ryaegin sulle |
| From Tallinn to Pärnu I have never seen a better girl than you | Tallinnast Parnuni hey ole nainud turdukut sellist kui sina |
| How about a stroll down to a nude beach? | Kuydas olex kuy yaalutax nudistide rannas? |
| And I was not rude at all, I did not know that you were standing around the corner | Ma hey olnud ebaviyisakas, ma hey teadnud, et te nurga taga seisate |
| Suggest a nightclub in Tallinn | Soovitage Tallinn Yoklubi |
Shops, restaurants |
|
| How much does it cost? | Kuy palyu see maxab? |
| I will buy it | Ma ost selle |
| Can you write the price? | Kas will get the kirutada hinn? |
| Can you lower the price? | Qas get the hinda alandada? |
| I would like to buy... | Ma soovixin remains ... |
| Potatoes | Kartul |
| Rice | Riis |
| Lentils | Läääätsed |
| Fruit | Puuvillad |
| Open | Lahti |
| Closed | Kinney |
| Discount | Allahindlus |
| Very expensive | Elm callis |
| Cheap | Odavalt |
| Cigarettes | Cigaretide |
| Bread | Leib |
| Products | Toyduined |
| To wrap up | Yara Pakkida |
| Keep the change | Tagashi pole waya |
| Tip | Yootraha (teepee) |
| Water | Vesi |
| Fresh squeezed juice | Vyarskelt Pressitude Mahl |
| Sugar / salt | Sucrus / Sool |
| Milk | Piim |
| Fish | Kala |
| Meat | Dashing |
| Chicken | Cana |
| Mutton | Lambalikha |
| Beef | Loomaliha |
| Waiter | Ettekandya / waiter |
| Do you have free tables? | Is he tail wabu laudu? |
| I want to book a table | Ma tahan laua broneerida |
| Check please (invoice) | Palun arve |
| I would like to order | Soovix tellida |
| What year is the wine? | Mies aastakyaigu vein? |
| What is your signature dish? | Teie firmaroad? |
| Tea coffee | Tee / kohv |
| Soup | Supp |
| Olives | Olived |
| I do not eat meat! | Ma hey seoooo dashing |
| Beer | Ylu |
| Wine | Wayne |
Transport |
|
| How much is a ticket to ...? | Strike a palyu maxab pilet ...? |
| Two tickets to ... please | Kaks pyletit ..., palun |
| How do I get ...? | Kuidas ma yyaksin ...? |
| Please show on the map | Palun nyidake kaardil |
| Where can I buy a ticket? | Bush ma saaksin osta pyleti? |
| Can I walk? | Kas ma vyksin minna yalgsi? |
| I'm lost | Ma eksisin |
| Bus | Buss |
| Trolleybus | Troll |
| Car | Auto |
| Taxi | Taxo |
| Parking | Parkla |
| Stop | Peatus |
| Please stop | Palun Patoust |
| What's the fare? | Kuy palyu maxab out? |
| Am I leaving soon? | Ma varsti väljun? |
| Departure | Valyumine |
| Arrival | Saabumin |
| A train | Rong |
| Airplane | Lennuk |
| Airport | Lenuyam |
Emergencies |
|
| Fire Department | Tuletyrye teenistus |
| Police | Politsey |
| Fire | Tulekahue |
| Fight | Caclus |
| Ambulance | Kiirabi |
| Hospital | Haigla |
| I have... | He passed ... |
| Injury | Vigastus |
| Stretching | Venitus |
| Emergency exit | Tagavaravyalyapyas |
| Emergency exit | Sluggish accidents |
| Pharmacy | Apteek |
| Doctor / Physician | Doctor / arst |
Time, days of the week |
|
| Monday | Esmaspaev |
| Tuesday | Teisipaev |
| Wednesday | Kolmapaev |
| Thursday | Nel "yapaev |
| Friday | Reed |
| Saturday | Laupaev |
| Sunday | Puhapaev |
| Spring | Kevad |
| Summer | Suvi |
| Autumn | Sugis |
| Talv | |
| What time is it now? | Is he Mies Kell? |
| Day | Paev |
| A week | Nadal |
| Month | kuu |
| Year | Aasta |