Without a doubt, we include all verbs that start with “-it” as the second conjugation, with the exception of “shave”, “lay”. And also: “look”, “offend”, “hear”, “see”, “hate”, “drive”, “breathe”, “hold”, “endure”, And “depend”, and “twist”! Nowadays, various poems are being invented to memorize exception verbs, which is not bad and even interesting, especially if you entrust such work to the schoolchildren themselves.
Most questions are answered within 10 minutes. Log in and try adding your question. Or help others with the answer! 2 students work at the board. These verbs change according to persons. The rest of the students work in their notebooks. The endings of verbs are highlighted with a pencil). This means that these are special words, special verbs that do not obey these rules, i.e. These are exceptions to the rules.
Memorization. Work in pairs. Mutual verification - options 1 and 2). What word is in the highlighted column? I came home from school, I’m learning verbs, it’s a trifle for me to learn them!
I stomped! I sang! I sang while we were in the hallway. Suddenly the bell did not ring! I open it, our neighbor (he lives below us) is not combed, not dressed - In slippers and pajamas. I hope that when you learn verbs, your neighbors will not suffer from you. And you hang and turn. But the verse that the teacher offered us at school did not particularly simplify the process of memorizing these verbs - exceptions.
I composed it myself, but this poem at one time helped me very well to learn all the verbs - exceptions. I will be glad if someone finds my poems with exception verbs very useful and helpful. At one time, we also taught the most famous rhyme - a memorization poem, which began like this: “We will refer to the 2nd conjugation, without a doubt...”.
For the first time, students are introduced to the topic “Verb conjugation” in 4th grade. Unstressed personal endings for verbs of the 1st and 2nd conjugation are one of the most difficult topics in the Russian language. And the greatest difficulty here is caused by exception verbs that do not obey the general rule.
And in order to remember, it is necessary to give some meaning to the two words -it and the eleven words -et and -at. If the verbs in –it (to shave and lay) are remembered quite easily due to their relatively rare use, then the verbs in –et and –at are synonymous and difficult to remember. Put them into context. You remember, friends, they cannot be conjugated with “-e”. Experience shows that, although rhymed, but simply listed verbs are not very memorable for children.
Fourth grade students still love this genre very much. A greater effect will be achieved if the children themselves take part in the writing. Give the children homework: draw a thematic picture that reflects 13 exception verbs in one way or another.
Include music in the lesson. All together will create stable images of exception verbs in the children. In conclusion, suggest learning another poem-song: I really want to look through the glass - To see the whole world green, To hate onions and tears. I found slightly different versions of the poems on the Internet.
If you start looking at me, If you turn me around, I will still endure it, I will depend on you, Since you were able to offend me. Quiet in the forest. Shy hazel grouse fly from tree to tree.
I jumped! I moved it! Chasing a thunderstorm, holding a cat, looking and seeing the heavens. Breathe deeply, hear the thunder and hate this pogrom. The difficulty is that these words, no different from others, just need to be remembered. It’s even better if this text rhymes, which makes it easier to remember.
But we had something else (the kingdom of heaven to Polina Kirillovna! Hello! Do you need help with school subjects? There are many participants on “Knowledge” who are ready to help. To shave your neighbor’s chicken cleanly bald, you need to lay two napkins on a stool. When you start driving me away , I'll stop breathing, My ears will stop hearing, Well, I'll keep holding my hands. I won't see you, But I'll openly hate you. The wolf boldly runs along the familiar trail. He knows the way to his lair well.
Why is the task similar to the previous one, but the answers are different? I have my own method! Make them the heroes of some simple fairy tale. Learn to endure pain, So that no one can offend, So as not to depend on the strong, So as not to twist the weak.
I don’t know the verse conjugations for exception verbs, but there aren’t that many of them. In primary school they taught only two things: shaving and laying. With this memory book you can easily remember all verbs - exceptions from the 1st and 2nd conjugations.
What are the exception words for 1st and 2nd verb conjugations? and got the best answer
Answer from Liliya Yaminova[newbie]
Exceptions:
Answer from 2 answers[guru]
Hello! Here is a selection of topics with answers to your question: What are the exception words of 1st and 2nd verb conjugations?
Answer from Alina Fedorova[newbie]
Answer from Dasha Mityukova[newbie]
2-look, hear, see, depend, hate, twirl, hold, breathe, endure, offend, drive.
1-lay, shave
Answer from Arthur Melnikov[newbie]
To the second conjugation
We will take it without a doubt
All verbs that are in -it,
Excluding shaving, laying.
And also: look, offend,
hear, see, hate,
And depend and twist.
You will remember, friends,
They cannot be conjugated with E.
Answer from Konstantin Dolin[newbie]
Verbs Exceptions 2 conjugations, Drive breathe hold depend see hear and offend and also tolerate twirl hate and watch
Answer from Lisa Zlobina[newbie]
The student and Regina Kholod are right, but it can’t be much easier.
Without a doubt, we will classify as the second conjugation all the verbs that na it, with the exceptions: shave, lay.
And one more thing: look, offend, hear, see, hate, drive, hold, breathe, twist and depend, and endure.
O
Answer from Keni Fae[newbie]
Exceptions:
To persecute, to hold, to endure, to offend, to hear, to see, to hate, to depend, to turn, to breathe, to watch belong to the second conjugation.
Shaving, laying - belong to the first.
Answer from Yegina Cold[newbie]
To the second conjugation
We will take it without a doubt
All verbs that are in -it,
Excluding shaving, laying.
And also: look, offend,
hear, see, hate,
drive, breathe, hold, endure,
And depend and twist.
You will remember, friends,
They cannot be conjugated with E.
Answer from Anastasia Pugacheva[newbie]
There are also different conjugated verbs - to want and to run.
Special conjugated verbs are give, create, eat and undereat.
Answer from Danya is underwhelmed[newbie]
Exceptions:
To persecute, to hold, to endure, to offend, to hear, to see, to hate, to depend, to turn, to breathe, to watch belong to the second conjugation.
Shaving, laying - belong to the first.
Answer from Alina Kuleshova[newbie]
but how to build
Answer from Carrera GT[expert]
Exceptions:
To persecute, to hold, to endure, to offend, to hear, to see, to hate, to depend, to turn, to breathe, to watch belong to the second conjugation.
Shaving, laying - belong to the first.
Answer from Kirill Vaivetkin[newbie]
yes yes yes yes ada dad ada dd a
Answer from Daniil Baryshnikov[newbie]
drive, keep
look and see
Breathe, hear,
hate,
and offend and twist,
and depend and endure.
Answer from Vlad Udalov[newbie]
Answer from Anna Esina[newbie]
look, offend,
hear, see, hate,
drive, breathe, hold, endure,
And depend and twist.
Answer from Karlygash Baturina[newbie]
shave lay look depend twirl endure drive keep hear breathe see this is the second conjugation
shave lay the first conjugation
Russian is considered the most difficult language due to the large number of exceptions. These are letter combinations and features of writing individual parts of speech. The greatest difficulty for students, and even for adults, is writing the endings of nouns and verbs.
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Conjugation of verbs
Not only children, but also adults find it difficult to write the letters e/i at the end of verbs in the present and future tense. Students in the fourth grade are introduced to the personal endings of this part of speech. During this time, children learn about how verbs are conjugated.
Conjugation is the change of a verb in the present and future tense according to numbers and persons. At the same time, the endings change. In many cases, problems with spelling do not arise if this part of the word is stressed. What should you do if the ending is not stressed?
In order not to make a mistake in choosing the desired letter at the end, you need to know some rules:
- Put the words in their initial form and determine which letter combinations they end with. In the indefinite form (infinitive), the vowels “and”, “s”, “o”, “e”, “u”, “a”, “ya” are placed before -t. These are the ones you need to focus on.
- Then the rule is applied: if in a word there is a letter “and” before -t, then this is II conjugation, the other vowel is I.
Important! This definition of conjugation applies only to verbs with unstressed endings.
But from this moment the difficulties begin. The fact is that in any language there are many exceptions that do not obey the established laws of the language. Such curiosities also apply to verbs of the present and future tense. Knowledge of the specific endings of the I and II conjugations does not always lead to the correct result. It's all about words that do not obey certain rules that are found in both conjugations.
I conjugation contradictions
According to the rules of the Russian language, action words ending in the infinitive with -et, -at, -yat, -ot, -ut, -yt are verbs of the first conjugation. For example, melt, weed, dive, play, and so on. But some of them, ending in -et, -at, do not want to obey and go into the second conjugation. While shaving and laying are also exceptions to the rule, they are written with the vowel “e” in personal endings and are representatives of the first conjugation.
II conjugation contradictions
Schoolchildren have no less difficulty writing the vowels “e” or “i” in the endings of exceptions related to the 2nd conjugation. There are several words that do not want to obey the accepted rules of the language.
Exception verbs:
- look, offend, see, hate, twist, depend, endure;
- hear, drive, hold, breathe.
Let's give examples of changes:
- drive, drive, drive, drive;
- look, look, look, look;
- see, sees, see, see and so on.
In addition, it does not matter whether the word has a prefix or not (drive - overtake, hold - withstand, wind - turn), such exception verbs still belong to the II conjugation.
Learning exception words
All exception words need to be learned and used when writing texts. Of course, adults can find their own ways of learning. And schoolchildren remember better if rhyming is used.
There are a large number of rhymes related to memorizing exception words. Everyone can choose their own option.
Methods of learning
As we have already said, remembering the rule is not easy if you learn exception verbs separately as they are given in the rules of the Russian language.
Teachers always try to make learning any rules easier in various ways. This also applies to verbs . Here are some handy tricks:
- Draw a picture showing the movement of, for example, little men.
- Come up with an interesting poem by inserting exception verbs into it.
- Choose words in such a way that they can be shown.
In practice, it has been proven that rhyming lines combined with movement are remembered faster and for a long time. All you have to do is start reading the poem, and the children remember the sequence of words and use them when writing.
I would like to offer this option.
The second conjugation includes, without a doubt, all verbs that are in -it (we exclude shave, lay).
And also these:
We drive, we hold, we look, we see.
We breathe, we hear, we hate.
And we are dependent, and we twist, and we offend, and we endure.
Words are rhymed in each sentence. While reading, children reinforce the words with movement:
- drive - they wave their hand as if there is a twig in it;
- hold - clench their fists, as if they were hiding something;
- look - apply the edge of the palm to the head;
- see - look into the distance in surprise.
And in this way every verb is put into action. Of course, the movements may be different, but the essence remains the same - the rhyme is learned quickly and firmly.
The ability to write correctly must be instilled from birth. Every Russian person should be proud of his origin. And it’s a shame to write with errors in your native language.
One of the most difficult topics in the Russian language for schoolchildren is verb conjugation. When studying this material, the greatest difficulty is remembering exception verbs, since at first glance they are no different from the rest. For this reason, they must be learned by heart. How to help a child learn the material, remember it for a long time and not get confused with words? There are several ways.
Method 1. Exception verbs in poetry
You can learn rhyming poems with your child that contain all the necessary verbs. Here are some options:
Drive, hold, look and see,
breathe, hear, hate,
and depend, and twirl,
both to offend and to endure.
You will remember, friends,
They cannot be conjugated with "e".
To the second conjugation,
we will take it without a doubt
all verbs that start with "-it"
excluding “shave”, “lay”.
How do you start to drive me away?
I'll stop breathing
Ears will stop hearing
Well, keep your hands on everything.
You'll start looking at me
Will you turn me around -
I will still endure
I will depend on you
Since you were able to offend me.
I won't see you
And openly hate.
I really want to watch
See the whole world green
Quarrels, tears of hatred,
Learn to endure pain
So that no one can offend,
So as not to depend on the strong,
So as not to fool the weak.
How I want to hear everything,
Hold the blue bird
Breathe clean air.
Don't drive away these thoughts!
Method 2. Using tables with exception verbs
Sometimes poetry does not help because the child has difficulty understanding the process of conjugating verbs. This topic most often causes confusion. Therefore, it is advisable to create visual tables with your child that will contain examples of conjugation, as well as all exception verbs:
It is advisable to place this table above the desktop or in another place where the child will have easy access to it. It may take repeated repetition to ensure that the material is retained properly.
Method 3. Visual memory
In modern Russian, only 13 exception verbs are used, and they can be remembered visually. Give your child the task of conjugating each verb and writing down the result several times. If you have difficulty remembering, you can write down a whole page. This method activates mechanical and visual memory, which will help the child intuitively choose the correct spelling of a word. The rule will only need to be applied for verification purposes.
Method 4. Cards with exception verbs
Make verb cards with the correct conjugation on the back. Help your child practice: let him tell you the conjugation for each verb independently, and then look for the correct answer.
Conclusion
As practice shows, problems with learning verb conjugation practically do not arise in children who read a lot. Often encountering these words on the pages of books, they automatically remember the correct form and use it accordingly. The best training for studying any topic in the Russian language is reading poetry, fairy tales, and works of Russian classics.
Writing expositions also helps to use the correct form of words. To do this, the child must read the text independently, then close it and write a summary from memory. For training, you can select a text that will contain many verbs, including exceptions. After this, the child can do independent work on mistakes and write down those words that caused him the greatest difficulties. To consolidate the material, such presentations on the same text can be written several times.
Despite the beauty of speech, the Russian language is recognized by the world community as the most difficult and difficult to master. This is due to the variety of rules and exceptions to them. Exception words 1 and 2 among conjugations require special attention.
The curriculum of any secondary school includes the topic of exception verbs 1 and 2 conjugations. Familiarization with the conjugation of verbs in the Russian language, as well as exceptions, takes place as part of the 4th grade course. As the school year begins, the teacher prepares students to master the skill.
Conjugation of verbs in Russian is a modification of their form. Conjugation is a grammatical sign of constant character. The transformation is carried out based on person, number, and time. The verb changes from the position of present and future tense.
Note! During conjugation, the endings of verbs change.
Converting endings often does not create difficulties for students. There are no doubts about the correct spelling. In such cases, the verb ending is the stressed part. However, when there is no stress on the morpheme, a problem becomes apparent.
In order not to make a mistake in the correct spelling of the ending, you should check it. A rule with the following algorithm of actions is used:
- A word that is in doubt about spelling is put in its initial form. The goal is to determine the letter combinations with which it ends. An infinitive, or indefinite (initial) form, is formed. Among the possible variants of letter combinations before -т, it is customary to distinguish such as “a”, “s”, “i”, “u”, “e”, “ya”, “o”. Based on the identified letter, the next stage of verification is carried out.
- If the letter combination –т is preceded by “and”, then the verb belonging to the 2nd conjugation is determined. Other variants of letter combinations determine 1 conjugation.
Note! The above verification rule does not apply to verbs with an unstressed ending.
Let's look at an example of determining a verb ending. Let's take the verbs of the 1st conjugation “draw”, “grow”.
As a result of changing them, we get the following options:
- 1st face – I’ll draw it and sprout; let's draw, grow;
- 2nd face - draw it, sprout; draw, sprout;
- 3rd person – will draw, sprout; draw, sprout.
As examples of 2 conjugations, let’s take the verbs “to prepare”, “to purchase”, “to hold”. When changing them, we get the following options:
- 1st person – I will finish preparing, purchasing, holding; we will prepare, purchase, hold;
- 2nd person – finish preparing, purchasing, holding; finish preparing, purchasing, holding;
- 3rd person – finish preparing, purchasing, holding; they will finish preparing, purchasing, holding.
The test results are at times fraught with difficulties. The crux of the problem lies in the presence of exceptions. Their peculiarity is their disobedience to the existing laws of the Russian language. Regardless of the rules of checking and the basics of spelling, it remains unclear how to correctly display verb endings in writing.
Cases of controversy
If there is no emphasis on personal endings, contradictory situations may arise. To clarify the conjugation, it is necessary to form an infinitive. An indefinite form will reveal the ending.
It is advisable to present the variability of verbs in the following form:
- Verbs 1 conjugation. In the infinitive version they end in -et, -at. The fact of the presence of 4 exception verbs in –it is taken into account. Represented by 3 verbs forming a group of exceptions with a similar ending. This category includes: build, shave, lay. This also includes words starting with -ot, -t, -ut. Other endings are allowed. Examples are: grind, weed, take off your shoes.
- Verbs 2 conjugations. They have the suffix part –it. They imply the presence of the suffix part –et, characteristic of 7 verbs. This category includes: endure, hate, see, depend, twist, offend, watch. Among the exceptions are 4 verbs ending in -at: hear, breathe, hold, drive.
When considering exception verbs of conjugations 1 and 2, as well as their disobedience to the generally accepted rule, one should not forget about the presence of a differently conjugated category of verbs: to run, to want, to honor. Their derivatives are also distinguished. They are characterized by partial conjugation of both types.
There are verbs with endings that correspond to a special definition system. This category includes: give, eat. It is also possible to isolate derivatives from them in this group. They are characterized by the absence of belonging to any conjugation. This allows them to also be classified as exceptions to the rules.
Options for remembering special occasions
For the convenience of students, teachers and everyone who wants to master the Russian language perfectly, there is a special rhyme for exception verbs of 1st and 2nd conjugation.
Note! By learning texts from a set of exceptions, you can make the process of memorizing them easier.
The poem is a collection of exceptions. Their combination is made in rhyming form. The presence of rhyme in the text not only contributes to the learning process, but also interests students.
The purpose of creating rhyming text is to make it easier for students to memorize, first and foremost. Adults are able to create their own memorization options. It is possible to generate not only unique texts. Among certain groups of students, there is memorization of exceptions in the form of drawings.
There are many poems on the Internet. Their main purpose is to memorize special cases.
Among the most common are the following:
- The second one will be considered conjugated without a doubt by all the verbs that are in -it, with the exception of “to shave, to lay.” And remember too: it’s not good to write “And” in their endings!
- To drive, to breathe, to hold, to offend, to hear, to see, to hate, and to depend, and to endure, and also to watch, to turn. Now, please remember, friends, you can’t write “e” in their endings at all.
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Let's sum it up
Perfect knowledge of the Russian language is the highest measure of a literate person. An important skill is the ability to correctly determine conjugations. To make it easier to memorize exceptions to the rules, it is allowed to memorize texts in the form of poems.
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