Then the new words did not fit in my head. It also happened that a textbook on natural history set before us the goal of remembering the location of the planets of the solar system, and we were already looking for means to justify it. Among the many options for solving this problem, there are several interesting and practical.
Mnemonic in its purest form
The ancient Greeks invented a way out for modern students. No wonder the term "mnemonics" comes from a consonant Greek word meaning literally "the art of remembering." This art gave birth to a whole system of actions aimed at memorizing a large amount of information - "mnemonics".
They are very convenient to use if you just need to memorize a whole list of any names, a list of important addresses or phone numbers, or remember the sequence of objects. In the case of the planets of our system, such a technique is simply irreplaceable.
We play associations or "Ivan gave birth to a girl ..."
This rhyme is remembered and known by each of us since elementary school. This is a mnemonic counting rhyme. We are talking about that couplet, thanks to which it becomes easier for the child to remember the cases of the Russian language - "Ivan gave birth to a Girl - He told to drag the diaper" (respectively - Nominative, Genitive, Dative, Accusative, Creativity and Prepositional).
Can we do the same with the planets of the solar system? - Certainly. A rather large number of mnemonics has already been invented for this astronomical educational program. The main thing to know is that they are all based on associative thinking. It is easier for someone to imagine an object similar in form to the memorized one, for someone it is enough to present a chain of names in the form of a kind of "cipher". Here are just a few tips on how best to memorize their location, taking into account the distance from the central star.
Funny pictures
The order in which the planets of our star system are removed from the Sun can be remembered through visual images. First, associate an image of an object or even a person with each planet. Then present these pictures one by one, in the order in which the planets are located within the solar system.
- Mercury. If you have never seen images of this ancient Greek god, try to remember the late Queen singer Freddie Mercury, whose surname is consonant with the name of the planet. It is unlikely, of course, that the children would know who this uncle is. Then we propose to come up with simple phrases where the first word would begin with the syllable MEP, and the second with KUR. And they must necessarily describe specific objects, which will then become a "picture" for Mercury (this method can be used as the most extreme option with each of the planets).
- Venus. Many have seen the statue of Venus de Milo. If you show it to the children, they can easily remember this "armless aunt." Plus, educate the younger generation. You can ask them to remember some acquaintance, classmate or relative with that name - suddenly there are such people in the social circle.
- Earth. Everything is simple here. Everyone should imagine himself, an inhabitant of the Earth, whose "picture" stands between two planets in space before and after ours.
- Mars. Advertising in this case can become not only the "engine of trade", but also scientific knowledge. We think you understand that you need to present a popular imported chocolate bar on the planet.
- Jupiter. Try to imagine some sight of St. Petersburg, for example, the Bronze Horseman. Yes, even if the planet begins on the south, the locals call the "Northern Capital" Peter. Children may not benefit from such an association, so make up a phrase with them.
- Saturn. Such a "handsome" does not need any visual image, because everyone knows him as a planet with rings. If you still have difficulties, imagine a sports stadium with a treadmill. Moreover, such an association has already been used by the creators of one space-themed animated film.
- Uranus. The most effective in this case will be a "picture" in which someone is very happy about some achievement and, as it were, shouts "Hurray!" Agree - every child is capable of adding one letter to this exclamation.
- Neptune. Show the children the cartoon "The Little Mermaid" - let them remember Dad Ariel - the King with a mighty beard, impressive muscles and a huge trident. It doesn't matter that according to the plot, His Majesty is called Triton. Neptune also had this instrument in its arsenal.
And now - once again mentally imagine everything (or everyone) that reminds you of the planets of the solar system. Flip through these images, like pages in a photo album, from the first "picture" closest to the Sun, to the last, whose distance from the star is greatest.
"Look, what kind of poems turned out ..."
Now - to the mnemonics, which are based on the "initials" of the planets. Remembering the order of the planets in the solar system is really easiest to do by the first letters. This kind of "art" is ideal for those who are not so brightly developed imaginative thinking, but with its associative form, everything is in order.
The most striking examples of versification in order to fix the sequence of planets in memory are the following:
"The Bear Comes Out For Raspberries - The Lawyer Manages to Escape the Lowlands";
“We All Know: Yulia’s Mom Was On Stilts in the Morning”.
You can, of course, not add a rhyme, but just pick up words for the first letters in the names of each of the planets. A little advice: in order not to confuse the places of Mercury and Mars, which start with the same letter, put the first syllables at the beginning of your words - ME and MA, respectively.
For example: In Places We Seen Golden Cars, Julia As If Seeing Us.
You can come up with such proposals endlessly - as far as imagination is enough. In a word, try, train, remember ...
Earth - planetSolar system. Earth - one of the celestial bodies that revolve around the sun. The sun is a star, a flaming ball around which the planets revolve. Together with the Sun, their satellites, many small planets (asteroids), comets and meteoric dust, they make up Solar system ... Our galaxy - Milky Way , its diameter is about 100 thousand light years (this is how long the light will go to the last point of this space).
Earth - the third in a row eight planets , it has a diameter of about 13 thousand km... She is in the distance 150 million km from the Sun (third from the Sun). Earth, along with Venus, Mars and Mercury, enters inner (earth) group planets. The Earth makes one revolution around the Sun in 365 days 5 hours 48 minutes, or for one year ... The path of the Earth around the Sun (Earth's orbit) is close in shape to a circle.
Earth, like other planets, spherical ... As a result of rotation around its axis, it is slightly flattened at the poles. Due to the inhomogeneous structure of the Earth's interior and the inhomogeneous distribution of masses, the shape of the Earth deviates from the regular shape of an ellipsoid of revolution. The true geometric figure of the Earth was named geoid (earthlike). Geoid - a figure whose surface is everywhere perpendicular to the direction of gravity. The spheroid and geoid shapes do not match. Differences are observed in the range of 50-150 m.
Rotation of the Earth.
Simultaneously with its movement around the Sun, the Earth rotates on its axis, turning to the Sun with one hemisphere or another. Rotation period equal to about 24 hours, or one day. Earth axis is an imaginary straight line passing through the center of the Earth. The axis crosses the surface of the Earth at two points: North and South poles... At equal distances from the geographic poles passes equator - an imaginary line that divides the Earth into two equal hemispheres: Northern and Southern.
The imaginary axis around which the Earth revolves is tilted to the orbital plane along which the Earth revolves around the Sun. Because of this, at different times of the year, the Earth is turned to the Sun by one pole or the other. When the area around the North Pole is facing the Sun, it is summer in the Northern Hemisphere (in which we live), and winter in the Southern Hemisphere. When the area around the South Pole is facing the Sun, it is vice versa: in the Southern Hemisphere - summer, and in the North - winter.
Thus, due to the rotation of the Earth around the Sun, as well as due to the tilt of the Earth's axis, our planet is replaced by seasons... In addition, different parts of the Earth receive different amounts of heat from the Sun, this determines the existence of thermal belts: hot tropical, temperate and cold polar.
Earth possesses invisible magnetic field... The presence of this field causes the compass needle always point north... Earth has only one natural satellite - The moon (at a distance of 384 400 km from the Earth). The moon revolves around the earth. It reflects sunlight, so it seems to us that it glows.
From the attraction of the moon on Earth there are ebb and flow... They are especially noticeable on the coast of the open ocean. The lunar attraction is so great that the surface of the ocean bends towards our satellite. The moon moves around the earth, and runs after it across the ocean tidal wave... When it reaches the shore, there is a tide. After a while, the water leaves the coast following the moon.
Table "Earth - planet of the solar system".
solar system - these are 8 planets and more than 63 of their satellites, which are opening more and more often, several dozen comets and a large number of asteroids. All cosmic bodies move along their clear directional trajectories around the Sun, which is 1000 times heavier than all bodies in the solar system combined. The center of the solar system is the Sun - the star around which the planets revolve in orbits. They do not emit heat and do not glow, but only reflect the light of the Sun. There are now 8 officially recognized planets in the solar system. Briefly, in order of distance from the sun, we list them all. And now a few definitions.
Planet Is a celestial body that must satisfy four conditions:
1.the body must revolve around the star (for example, around the sun);
2. the body must have sufficient gravity to be spherical or close to it;
3. the body should not have other large bodies near its orbit;
4.the body shouldn't be a star
Satellites of the planets. The solar system also includes the Moon and natural satellites of other planets, which all of them have, except for Mercury and Venus. More than 60 satellites are known. Most of the satellites of the outer planets were discovered when they received photographs taken by robotic spacecraft. Jupiter's smallest moon, Leda, is only 10 km across.
Is a star, without which life on Earth could not exist. She gives us energy and warmth. According to the classification of stars, the Sun is a yellow dwarf. Age about 5 billion years. It has a diameter at the equator equal to 1,392,000 km, 109 times larger than Earth's. The rotation period at the equator is 25.4 days and 34 days at the poles. The mass of the Sun is 2x10, 27 tons, about 332950 times the mass of the Earth. The temperature inside the core is about 15 million degrees Celsius. The surface temperature is about 5500 degrees Celsius. In terms of chemical composition, the Sun consists of 75% hydrogen, and of the other 25% of the elements, most of all helium. Now, in order, let's figure out how many planets revolve around the sun, in the solar system and the characteristics of the planets.
The four inner planets (closest to the Sun) - Mercury, Venus, Earth and Mars - have a solid surface. They are smaller than four giant planets. Mercury moves faster than other planets, being burned by the sun's rays during the day and freezing at night.
The period of revolution around the Sun: 87.97 days. Diameter at the equator: 4878 km.
Rotation period (rotation around the axis): 58 days.
Surface temperature: 350 during the day and -170 at night.
Atmosphere: very thin, helium.
How many satellites: 0.
The main satellites of the planet: 0.
More like Earth in size and brightness. Observing her is difficult because of the clouds that envelop her. The surface is a hot rocky desert. 
The period of revolution around the Sun: 224.7 days.
Diameter at the equator: 12104 km.
Rotation period (revolution around the axis): 243 days.
Surface temperature: 480 degrees (average).
Atmosphere: dense, mainly carbon dioxide.
How many satellites: 0.
The main satellites of the planet: 0.
Apparently, the Earth was formed from a gas and dust cloud, like other planets. Particles of gas and dust, colliding, gradually "grew" the planet. The surface temperature reached 5000 degrees Celsius. Then the Earth cooled down and was covered with hard stone crust. But the temperature in the bowels is still quite high - 4500 degrees. Rocks in the depths are melted and, during volcanic eruptions, are poured onto the surface. Only on earth there is water. Therefore, life exists here. It is located relatively close to the Sun in order to receive the necessary heat and light, but far enough so as not to burn out.
The period of revolution around the Sun: 365.3 days. Diameter at the equator: 12756 km.
The period of the planet's rotation (revolution around the axis): 23 hours 56 minutes.
Surface temperature: 22 degrees (average).
Atmosphere: Mainly nitrogen and oxygen.
Number of satellites: 1.
The main satellites of the planet: the Moon.
Due to the resemblance to Earth, it was believed that life exists here. But the spacecraft that landed on the surface of Mars showed no signs of life. This is the fourth planet in order. 
The period of revolution around the Sun: 687 days.
Diameter of the planet at the equator: 6794 km.
Rotation period (revolution around the axis): 24 hours 37 minutes.
Surface temperature: –23 degrees (average).
Atmosphere of the planet: rarefied, mainly carbon dioxide.
How many satellites: 2.
The main satellites in order: Phobos, Deimos.
Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune are composed of hydrogen and other gases. Jupiter exceeds Earth by more than 10 times in diameter, 300 times in mass, and 1,300 times in volume. It is more than twice as massive as all the planets in the solar system combined. How long does it take for the planet Jupiter to become a star? We need to increase its mass 75 times!
The period of revolution around the Sun: 11 years 314 days. Diameter of the planet at the equator: 143884 km
Rotation period (revolution around the axis): 9 hours 55 minutes.
The surface temperature of the planet: -150 degrees (average).
Number of satellites: 16 (+ rings).
The main satellites of the planets in order: Io, Europa, Ganymede, Callisto.
It is the number 2 largest planet in the solar system. Saturn is eye-catching thanks to its ring system made of ice, rocks and dust that orbits the planet. There are three main rings with an outer diameter of 270,000 km, but their thickness is about 30 meters. 
The period of revolution around the Sun: 29 years 168 days.
Diameter of the planet at the equator: 120,536 km.
Rotation period (revolution around the axis): 10 hours 14 minutes.
Surface temperature: -180 degrees (average).
Atmosphere: Mainly hydrogen and helium.
Number of satellites: 18 (+ rings).
Main satellites: Titan.
Unique planet in the solar system. Its peculiarity is that it revolves around the Sun not like everyone else, but "lying on its side". Uranus also has rings, although they are harder to see. In 1986, Voyager-2 flew at a distance of 64,000 km, he had six hours of photography, which he successfully implemented.
Circulation period: 84 years 4 days. Diameter at the equator: 51,118 km.
The period of the planet's rotation (revolution around the axis): 17 hours 14 minutes.
Surface temperature: –214 degrees (average).
Atmosphere: Mainly hydrogen and helium.
How many satellites: 15 (+ rings).
Main satellites: Titania, Oberon.
At the moment, Neptune is considered the last planet in the solar system. Its discovery took place by means of mathematical calculations, and then they saw it through a telescope. In 1989, Voyager 2 flew by. He captured striking photographs of the blue surface of Neptune and its largest moon, Triton. 
The period of revolution around the Sun: 164 years 292 days.
Diameter at the equator: 50538 km.
Period of rotation (revolution around the axis): 16 hours 7 minutes.
Surface temperature: –220 degrees (average).
Atmosphere: Mainly hydrogen and helium.
Number of satellites: 8.
Main satellites: Triton.
On August 24, 2006 Pluto lost its planetary status. The International Astronomical Union has decided which celestial body should be considered a planet. Pluto does not meet the requirements of the new formulation and loses its "planetary status", at the same time Pluto passes into a new quality and becomes the prototype of a separate class of dwarf planets.
How the planets appeared. Approximately 5-6 billion years ago, one of the disk-shaped gas and dust clouds of our large Galaxy (Milky Way) began to shrink towards the center, gradually forming the present Sun. Further, according to one of the theories, under the influence of powerful gravitational forces, a large number of dust and gas particles rotating around the Sun began to stick together into balls - forming future planets. According to another theory, the gas-dust cloud immediately disintegrated into separate clusters of particles, which were compressed and compressed, forming the current planets. Now 8 planets revolve around the Sun constantly.
Theories how it came about , great variety. The first of these was the famous theory put forward by the German philosopher Immanuel Kant in 1755. He believed that the emergence solar system came from some primary matter, before that it was freely scattered in space.
One of the subsequent cosmogonic theories is the theory of "catastrophes". According to her, our planet Earth was formed after some kind of external interference, for example, the meeting of the Sun with some other star, this meeting could cause the eruption of a certain part of the solar matter. Due to incandescence, gaseous matter quickly cooled down and condensed, while forming many small solid particles, their clusters were a kind of embryos of planets.
The planets of the solar system
The central body in our system is the Sun. Belongs to stars, belongs to the yellow dwarf class. The sun is the most massive object in our planetary system. The closest star to Earth, as well as the main body in our planetary system. In our system, the planets are more or less ordinary. No, for example, hardly reflecting light. Images of planets are often used in interior signs.
The very first planet from the Sun in our solar system is Mercury - it is also the smallest planet in the terrestrial group in size (apart from Earth and Mercury, it includes Mars and Venus).
Next, the second in a row, is Venus. Next comes the Earth - the shelter of all mankind. Our planet has a satellite - the Moon, which is almost 80 times lighter than the Earth. The Moon is the only satellite of the Earth orbiting the Earth. After the Sun, it is the brightest object in the sky. The fourth planet is Mars, a desert planet with two moons. This is followed by a large group of planets - these are the so-called giant planets.
The sun and other planets played a big role in different ones. There were many religions in which the sun was worshiped. And astrology, which studies the effect of planets on a person, still has an impact on many people. Previously, astrology was considered a science, but nowadays many consider it.
The largest and most massive of all the giants is Jupiter, which is our solar system in miniature. Jupiter has more than 40 satellites, the largest of which are Ganymede, Io, Europa, Callisto. These satellites have another name - Galilean, in honor of the person who discovered them - Galileo Galilei.
This is followed by the giant planet Uranus - it is unusual in that it has a position "lying on its side" - which is why there is a rather abrupt change of seasons on Uranus. It has 21 satellites and a distinctive feature in the form of reverse rotation.
The last planet - a giant - is Neptune (Neptune's largest satellite is Triton). All giant planets have a distinctive feature in the form of many satellites, as well as a system of rings.
But the farthest and last planet in the solar system is Pluto, it is also the smallest planet in our system. Pluto has one satellite, Charon, which is slightly smaller than the planet itself.
Pluto the decision of MAC (International Astronomical Union) no longer refers to the planets of the solar system, but is a dwarf planet and even smaller in diameter than another dwarf planet Eris. Pluto's designation is 134340.
solar system
Scientists put forward many versions of the origin of our solar system. In the forties of the last century, Otto Schmidt hypothesized that the solar system arose because cold dust clouds were attracted to the sun. Over time, clouds formed the foundations of future planets. In modern science, it is Schmidt's theory that is fundamental. The solar system is only a small part of a large galaxy called the Milky Way. More than one hundred billion different stars are included in the Milky Way. It took humanity thousands of years to realize such a simple truth. The discovery of the solar system did not happen immediately, step by step, on the basis of victories and mistakes, a system of knowledge was formed. The main base for studying the solar system was knowledge about the Earth.
Fundamentals and Theories
The main milestones in the study of the solar system are the modern atomic system, the heliocentric system of Copernicus and Ptolemy. The most likely version of the origin of the system is considered the Big Bang theory. In accordance with it, the formation of the galaxy began with the "scattering" of the elements of the megasystem. At the turn of the impenetrable Hausa, our solar system was born. The basis of everything is the Sun - 99.8% of the total volume, the share of planets is 0.13%, the remaining 0.0003% are various bodies of our system. Scientists have accepted the division of planets into two conditional groups. ... The first includes the planets of the Earth type: the Earth itself, Venus, Mercury. The main distinctive characteristics of the planets of the first group are relatively small area, hardness, and a small number of satellites. The second group includes Uranus, Neptune and Saturn - they are distinguished by their large sizes (giant planets), they are formed by helium and hydrogen gases.
In addition to the Sun and planets, our system also includes planetary satellites, comets, meteorites and asteroids.
Particular attention should be paid to the asteroid belts, which are located between Jupiter and Mars, and between the orbits of Pluto and Neptune. At the moment, science does not have an unambiguous version of the emergence of such formations.
Which planet is not considered a planet now:
Pluto was considered a planet from the time of its discovery until 2006, but later in the outer part of the solar system many celestial bodies were discovered, comparable in size to Pluto and even exceeding it. To avoid confusion, a new definition of the planet was given. Pluto did not fall under this definition, so it was assigned a new "status" - a dwarf planet. So, Pluto can serve as an answer to the question: it used to be considered a planet, but now it is not. However, some scientists continue to believe that Pluto should be reclassified back to planet.
Scientists' forecasts
Based on research, scientists say that the sun is approaching the middle of its life path. It is inconceivable to imagine what will happen if the Sun goes out. But scientists say this is not only possible, but inevitable. The age of the Sun was determined with the help of the latest computer developments and it was found that it is about five billion years old. According to astronomical law, the life of a star like the Sun lasts about ten billion years. Thus, our solar system is in the middle of its life cycle. What do scientists mean by the word "extinguish"? Huge solar energy is the energy of hydrogen, which becomes helium in the core. Every second, about six hundred tons of hydrogen in the Sun's core is converted into helium. Scientists estimate that the Sun has already used up most of its hydrogen reserves.
If instead of the Moon there were planets of the solar system: